2020年西安交通大学附属中学航天学校高三英语第二次联考试题及参考答案

2020年西安交通大学附属中学航天学校高三英语第二次联考试题及参
考答案
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
In September, something terrible happened on the west coast ofTasmania,Australia. As many as 380 pilot whales became stranded(搁浅) in shallow water there and later died. This might have beenAustralia’s largest stranding event on record, the BBC reported.
But this large amount of whale stranding is not uncommon. For centuries, it has happened all over the world and has puzzled scientists. Scientists say the cause is often unknown. But they have offered many different explanations.
Some say the whales chase small fish for food and end up in shallow water because they are not paying attention to where they are going.
Others think the stranding has something to do with Earth’s geomagnetic field (地磁场). They say that a geomagnetic compass in whales’ brains controls their position. Unusual changes in Earth’s magnetic field can affect the whales’ compasses and send them in the wrong direction.
Another explanation suggests that stranding is caused by the close relationships that whales have. Pilot whales travel in large groups. One lead whale might mistakenly lead the whole group to shallow water. “And if one gets into trouble, the others will not leave,” said Sheryl Gibney, a leading biologist fromNew Zealand. “Some will come in and try to help, they get trapped on the beach, then more will come.”
The whales are trapped by mistake or out of sympathy(同情). Once they get stranded, they will likely die. According to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of theUS, less than 10 percent of all stranded whales survive.
1. What do we know about the stranding inAustralia?
A. It happened on theeast coast ofAustralia.
B. It caused the death of over 300 pilot whales.
C. It is commonly seen in September each year.
D. It was the largest stranding event in the world.
2. According to Gibney, the pilot whales are the animals that________.
A. are kind to each other
B. are easy to lose direction
C. are too huge to float in the sea
D.are silly to follow the leading whale
3. What is the story mainly about?
A. How human activity has affected whales.
B. What might cause whale strandings.
C. How whales find their direction while traveling.
D. What scientists are doing to save stranded whales.
B
The first patient who died on my watch was an older man with a faulty heart. We tried to slow it down with treatment, but it suddenly stopped beating completely. Later, whenever I would have a case like that one, I found myself second-guessing my clinical management. However, it turns out that thinking twice may actually cause more harm than good.
In a working paper, Emory University researchers found that when doctors delivering a baby have a bad result, they are more likely to switch to a different delivery method with the next patient, often unnecessarily and sometimes with worse results.
Because doctors make so many decisions that have serious consequences, thefalloutfrom second-guessing appears especially large for us. A 2006 study found that if a patient had a bleed after being prescribed (开药) warfarin, the physician was about 20% less likely to prescribe later patients the blood thinner that prevents strokes (中风). However, if a patient was not on warfarin and had a stroke physicians were still no more likely to prescribe warfarin to their other patients.
These findings highlight interesting behavioral patterns in doctors. In the blood-thinner study, doctors were more affected by the act of doing harm (prescribing a blood thinner that ended up hurting doctors were more affected by the act of doing harm(prescribing a blood thinner that ended up hurting a patient) and less affected by letting harm happen (not prescribing a blood thinner and the patient having a stroke). Yet a stroke is often more permanent and damaging than a bleed.
But this phenomenon is not unique to medicine. ''Overreaction to Fearsome Risks'' holds true for broader society.
For instance, sensational headlines about shark attacks on humans in Florida in 2001 caused a panic and led
the state to prohibit shark-feeding expeditions. Yet shark attacks had actually fallen that year and, according to the study, such a change was probably unnecessary given the extremely small risk of such an attack happening.
Humans are likely to be influenced by emotional and often irrational (不理性的) thinking when processing information, bad events and mistakes. As much as we don't want to cause an unfortunate event to happen again, we need to be aware that a worst situation that can be imagined doesn't necessarily mean we did anything wrong. When we overthink, we fail to rely on thinking based on what we know or have experienced. Instead, we may involuntarily overanalyze and come to the wrong conclusion.
I have treated dozens of patients who presented with the same illnesses as my first patient, who died more than a year ago. Instead of second-guessing myself, I trusted my clinical instinct (本能) and stayed the course. Every one of those patients survived. You should trust your instinct in your life, too.
4. The first two paragraphs suggest that________.
A. bad medical outcomes affect doctors
B delivering babies can be difficult work
C. some doctors are not very experienced
D. doctors sometimes make silly mistakes
5. In the blood-thinner study, doctors________.
A. tend to prescribe less effective medicine
B. are more concerned about the patients' safety
C. become less confident in writing a prescription
D. believe a stroke is more treatable than a bleeding
6. What does the underlined word ''fallout'' in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. Result
B. Benefit
C. Difference
D. Absence
7. The author will probably agree that________.
A. we should not doubt our own decisions
B. our experience will pave way for our future
C. humans are emotional and irrational on the whole
D. instincts don't necessarily lead to wrong directions
C
Most children who have suffered from ADHD still have it as teens. During teen years, especially as the hormonal changes of teenagers are going on and the demands of school and extra-curricular activities are
increasing, ADHD may get worse.
Because of problems with getting unfocused and poor concentration, many teens with ADHD have problems in school. Grades may fall, especially if the teen is not getting ADHD treatment. It’s not uncommon for teens with ADHD to forget their homework, lose textbooks, and become bored with their daily class work. Teens may become inattentive or extremely attentive, not waiting for their turn before blurting out answers. They may cut in on their teacher and classmates. Teens with ADHD may also befidgetyand find it hard to sit still in class.
Often, teens with ADHD are so busy focusing on other things that they forget about the task at hand. This can be seen especially with homework and athletic skills and in relationships with their schoolmates. This lack of attention to what they’re doing often leads to bad grades on tests and being passed over for sports teams, after-school activities, and learning teams. Kids with ADHD can be targets for bullying, too. But, not all children with ADHD have trouble getting along with others. If your child does, you can take measures to help improve their social skills and relationships.
ADHD affects all parts of a teenager’s life. As a parent you should discover your teen’s troubles as early as possible. The earlier your child’s troubles are discovered, the more successful the following steps can be.
8. What does the author plan to do in paragraph 1?
A. To list the types of ADHD.
B. To introduce the main topic.
C. To show the author’s opinion.
D. To explain the causes of ADHD.
9. What does the underlined word “fidgety” probably mean in paragraph 2?
A. Clever.
B. Noisy.
C. Restless.
D. Lazy.
10. What is the text mainly about?
A. Ways to deal with ADHD.
B. Effects of ADHD on teens.
C. Teens’ school performances.
D. Demands of school work.
11. What may the following paragraph talk about?
A. How parents can help a teen with ADHD.
B. The importance of healthy peer relationships.
C. How many children are suffering from ADH
D. D. Different opinions about treating ADHD in teens.
D
Water keeps us alive. When it runs out, we have a problem.
About one out of four people on the planet are facing a shortage of water. Seventeen countries around the world are dealing with high-water stress. This means they are using almost all the water they have access to. Many
are dry countries. Some waste much of their water. Some may currently use too much of their groundwater that they should be saving. Several big cities face acute shortages. These include Sao Paulo, Brazil; Chennai, India; and Cape Town, South Africa. A year ago, Cape Town faced nay Zero-the day when all its dams would he dry.
Climate change adds to the risk of water shortages. Rainfall is less steady. The water supply becomes less reliable. The days grow hotter. More water evaporates(蒸发)from lakes and rivers even as demand for water increases. By 2030, the number of cities in the high-stress category may have risen to 45 and include almost 470 million people.
All over the world, farmers compete with city residents for water. Rich urban places, such as Los Angeles, use too much water for pools and golf courses. But the worst problem is the growth of cities. Bangalore, India, for example, had a few years with little rain. It built over its many lakes or filled them with city waste. The lakes are no longer the rain water storage tanks they once were. Bangalore now imports water. A lot of the imported water, however, gets lost on the way to Bangalore.
To address this issue, what can be done? First, cities can plug leaks in their water distribution system. Wastewater can be recycled. Rain can be harvested and saved for hard times. Lakes and wetlands can be cleaned up and old wells can be restored. And farmers can switch from water-intensive crops like rice to less-thirsty crops like millet(小米).
Experts are looking at ways to reduce the number of people on the planet. They are looking at ways to reduce the size of cities. They are looking for ways to encourage people, factories and farmers to use less water.
12. What can we know from Paragraph 2?
A. A quarter of the world's population is living with water shortages.
B. Nearly all countries are facing acute water shortages now.
C. Underground water should he used to meet the water demand.
D. Measures have been taken to deal with the water shortage in India.
13. What is the main idea of the third paragraph?
A. Rainfall is not as steady as before.
B. Climate change may lead to water shortages.
C. The water supply relies more on rainfall.
D. Hotter weather changes the water demand.
14. What can farmers do to deal with water shortage?
A. Plug leaks in the water distribution system.
B. Clean up lakes and wetlands and restore wells.
C. Reduce the number of people in the cities.
D. Grow less-water consumption crops instead.
15. What will be discussed if the passage continues?
A. How to prevent from climate change.
B. How to inspire people to save water.
C. How to recycle wastewater in cities
D. How to make people get access to clean water.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项We all experience momentary bursts of anger every now and then. For the most part, though, these ly minor annoyances are easy to deal with, but walking back your anger when you're having a heated conversation with someone is a lot more difficult. There are things you can do in the moment to calm yourself, though.
16. Acknowledge that you're angry.
When you're angry,you notice it in your body.___17___If you're not physically feeling it, you might hear it in the sound of your voice.
Once you notice this, try to adjust your voice. Just as increasing anger can correspond to an increasingly loud voice, so can the opposite.___18___
19. Give yourself a time out.
How do you do the exercise above when you're in the middle of a face-to-face conversation? Call a personal timeout. Walking away gives you time to calm down and collect your thoughts before responding. This also aids in decreasing anger.
Of course, don't just peace out of the argument. Let whoever you're talking to know that you just need a little physical space.
3.Ask yourself what emotion is behind the anger.
___20___More often than not, anger is a “secondary emotion” we use as a mask or a defense for an entirely different feeling (shame, for instance, or embarrassment).
Once you're aware of the real emotions at play, you can communicate it to the person you snapped at. Also, you'd apologize to your co-worker and perhaps consider asking your manager to lighten your workload.
21.___22___
Let's say you've taken the advice above, but you're still feeling heated. If so, changing the topic of conversation can also be a good way to cope with anger in the moment.___23___If you were discussing something serious-or something that needs to be explained finally-table the discussion for later or the next day, when you calm down.
A.Change the subject of the conversation.
B.Stop the conversation with your partner.
C.Anger will do damage to your lungs and heart.
D.Try responding to your loud voice by gradually lowering it.
E.Now that you've calmed down, think about what's motivating your anger.
F.Make a joke and reroute the conversation to a safe, calm, enjoyable dialogue.
G.Anger will often cause changes in our body,such as muscle tension or sore neck.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项More than 30,000 runners, selected from 160,000 applicants both in and out of China, took part in this year's Beijing Marathon on Nov. 3.
Wearing color1 ful T-shirts and posing for photos, they___21___at Tiananmen Square before taking their___22___at the starting line.
Nearly a decade ago, Chinese marathon___23___struggled to make full preparations. Now, at big___24___like the Beijing Marathon, runners must win a lottery to enter.
This is___25___of the world’s running boom. For millions of runners around the world, the real reason they___26___to pound the roads until their legs hurt is more than weight loss or fitness.
Chasing records like the three-hour___27___, for example, is important, but it’s not the reason people run mile after mile, up hills, in wind and rain, when they could just stay___28___in their beds. Record times are___29___the carrots they hang in front of themselves.
Last year, a runner in the United Kingdom_____30_____with the goal of running a marathon in less than three hours. In the end, he_____31_____in three hours and two minutes. However, he was_____32_____afterward.
If I’d done it, that would be it, Mie told the Guardian. “Now I've still got my_____33_____, I can try again next year.”
Although running is_____34_____and requires effort, it also brings joy._____35_____children. When they are excited, they can’t stop running back and forth,_____36_____.
Indeed, when we race through the streets of a city, splashing through puddles (水洼), getting_____37_____in the rain and ruffled in the wind, we can_____38_____that childish joy again. As Holden Caulfield, the main_____39_____of the novelThe catchertheRye(《麦田里的守望者》), said, “I don’t_____40_____know what I was running for — Iguess I just felt like it.”
21. A.worked B.picked C.gathered D.speeded
22. A.places B.businesses C.charges D.suggestions
23. A.teachers anizers C.students D.teammates
24. A.events B.incidents C.shows D.things
25. A.part B.significance C.task D.benefit
26. A.think out B.head out C.cry out D.bring out
27. A.peace B.study C.progress D.mark
28. A.calm fortable C.healthy D.hopeless
29. A.only B.hardly pletely D.particularly
30. A.hiked B.injured C.refreshed D.trained
31. A.finished B.occurred C.failed D.attempted
32. A.astonished B.pleased C.worried D.upset
33. A.prize B.love C.target D.future
34. A.hard B.flexible C.exciting D.reasonable
35. A.Depend on B.Think about C.Believe in e to
36. A.up and down B.in a way C.from time to time D.on the contrary
37. A.happy B.wet C.sad D.scared
38. A.sense B.convince C.promise D.suspect
39. A.expert B.character C.reader D.assistant
40. A.still B.rather C.ever D.even
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
No one is sure how many Americans belong to reading groups called books clubs. Yet_______41._______(publish) and bookstores report that more and more people throughout theUnited Statesare joining______42.______(they).
Most of the clubs work the same way. Members read the same book at the same time. Then they meet to talk about the book. Members may be friends or people______43.______live near each other. Some Americans belong to reading groups on______44.______Internet. These groups include people around the world who communicate about books they read. They send electronic mails instead of gathering______45.______(discuss) books.
Most reading groups study books by______46.______(variety) writers. However, some groups read the work
of a single writer,______47.______(usual) one that has been famous for a while. Other groups may_____48._____(name) for an important person in the work of the writer,_______49._______a Sherlock Holmes Club. Members of these book clubs often are experts about their________50.________(choose) reading materials. One member of a Holmes reading group, for example, can identify almost every person in every Sherlock Holmes story.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改仅限一词。

只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Our school is holding an activity to help a school in the poor area, which not only help the students there enrich their lives but also enables us to feel the joy of sharing and appreciate it what we have by helping others.
Here is that we can do. First, we can donate our using books, clothes, basketballs, electronic products and so on to them. Second, we can write letters to them regular to share opinions and make friend with them. In addition, invite them to our homes to spend holidays is a good way, where may give them some unforgettable experiences.
You are all welcome to join in the activity do what you can to make the better world for us all!
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。

Mike licked (舔) the last of the chocolate ice cream. It was almost time to leave. He jumped into the car with his parents and headed off to the Olympic-sized pool for the big swim meet. When his race came up, Mike was confident. He was strong and swift. Mike climbed out the pool, smiling. He had just won first place.
A week later, it was time for another swim meet. Like before, Mike decided to enjoy his favorite flavored ice cream before they left home. As Mike climbed out the pool, his teammates patted (拍) him on the back. He'd taken first place again in his race.
As it turned out, Mike decided to have some chocolate ice cream before every one of the next few swim meets that came up. He began to think of it as his lucky charm. After several months of being placed in the top positions of every race he swam, Mike was feeling unbeatable. And he wouldn't admit it, but he was also starting to feel a little uncomfortable. All that ice cream was adding a few pounds to his athletic swimmer's build.
It didn't take long after that for Mike to start coming in second place — and then third — and then last place
in his races. The lucky chocolate ice cream had lost its magic. On the day of his next swim meet, his mother sat down at the table with him.“Mike, I think we need to talk about this. We all love ice cream, but it's got lots of fat and sugar in it, and it's not healthy for your body to eat so much of it.”Mike reluctantly agreed. His father offered to go running with him a few days a week to help strengthen his muscles. The extra weight soon disappeared, and Mike found himself breathing easier at swim practices.
It was the last meet of the season, and Mike wasn't sure what to expect. He felt healthy again, but he didn't know if he still had any speed in the pool.
注意：
1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。

Paragraph 1:
As he dove into the water, he kicked his legs and stretched his arms as far as he could.
________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
His jaw dropped as he realized he had beaten his own best time, and everyone else's too.
_____________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
参考答案
1. B
2. A
3. B
4. A
5. C
6. A
7. D
8. B 9. C 10. B 11. A
12. A 13. B 14. D 15. B
16. G 17. D 18. E 19. A 20. F
21. C 22. A 23. B 24. A 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. D 31. A 32.
B 33.
C 34. A 35. B 36. A 37. B 38. A 39. B 40. D
41. publishers
42. them 43. who/ that
44. the 45. to discuss
46. various
47. usually
48. be named
49. like 50. chosen
51.(1).help→helps
(2).删除it
(3).that→what
(4).using→used
(5). regular→regularly
(6). friend→ friends
(7). invite→inviting
(8).where→which
(9).在do前加to
(10).the→a
52.略。