【步步高】（四川专用）2021高考英语二轮温习 专题知识与增分策略 第四部分 地点题型(1)

第四部份地址题型题型解密与答题技术
补全对话
解题步骤
1．通读对话，弄清谈话的语境及内容
在做题时，应跳过空行，快速把全篇对话通读一遍，对对话的整体结构有所了解，把握对话的内容及语境。

在明白得全篇对话内容的基础上，准确地把握语言环境，把自己“置身”于语境当中，明白得两边谈话的用意。

2．前后照顾，注意对话的“链条”
对话的上下文的关系是相当紧密的。

做题时，能够依照上句的信息推断下句的信息，也能够通过下句的信息推断上句的信息，前后对照，逐句推敲，左右开弓，瞻前顾后，抓住对话的脉络，就能够使对话不“断链”。

3．注意对话的表达要符合英美人的风俗适应
不同的国家有不同的风俗适应、生活适应等等。

在语言交际中也有各类不同的表达。

对话的表达要符合英美人的风俗适应。

4．重读对话，验证答案
选项选好后，应将所选的选项带入对话的空行处去验证，凭语感和交际语言适应进行验证。

全篇对话是不是贯通流畅，内容是不是清楚，前后意思是不是矛盾，所选的选项是不是符合对话的语言环境，是不是符合上下文的逻辑关系等等。

阅读表达
四川省显现了一种新的题型——阅读表达题，该题型是对开放性、灵活性、选择性等主观试题的研究和尝试，其测试目的是从多方位多角度考查考生通过阅读获取信息、处置信息并进行书面表达的能力，比传统的阅读明白得题型更具综合性和主观性，更能表现对考生综合语言运用能力的考查，对学生的英语水平提出了更高的要求。

一、命题特点
试题一样是依照一篇300词左右的短文，从不同的五个方面考查五个问题，通常问题以why/when/where/how/what/who/which开头，也可能会涉及到补充文章的句子。

题材的选择将更具时期性、知识性、科学性和趣味性，渗透文化意识，强调实际应用。

文章一样为说明文，也可能显现记叙文或夹叙夹议的文章。

二、题目类型
1．主旨归纳题。

它要求归纳出文章的某一段、或整篇文章的大意、题目或作者的写作用意等。

例如：
①What is the main idea of the second paragraph?
②What is the main idea of the article?
③What is the best title of the passage?
④For what purpose does the author mention...in Paragraph 1?
⑤What is the purpose of the writer writing the passage?
2．填空题。

回答此类问题时，必然第一注意弄清楚上下文的逻辑关系，如递进、转折、并列、对照、因果等等；然后依照上下文的含义弄清楚空白处该填句子仍是短语或单词，再读上下文，最后确信答案。

例如：
Please fill in the blank in the passage with proper words.
3．封锁性问题。

封锁性问题是指答案是固定或唯一的问题，一样可在文章中找到明确的答案或依据，包括常见的wh­questions。

例如：
①What advice is given in the last paragraph? (within 10 words)
②According to the passage, what is the writer’s problem? (within 10 words)
③According to Paragraph 2, how does the author solve the problem? (within 12 words)
4．开放性问题。

开放性问题是阅读表达中主观性最强的试题，要求考生结合个人的观点、体会来回答相关问题。

例如：
①What would you do if you were...?
②What other suggestions would you give to solve...prob lem mentioned ?
③How would you settle the problem if you were...?
以上为几种常见的题型，固然还有其他题型，诸如依照语境翻译句子，同义语句替换等，这些都有可能显现。

三、解题策略
做题时要做到快速阅读，把握大意和文章脉络和作者的写作用意；阅读题目，弄清考查目的；再读文章，认真推敲，准确答题。

1.主旨归纳题的题型，在弄清楚文章的大意后，用精练的一句话或短语归纳出文章的主旨或题目即可。

在
答题时，切记要抓住关键词，且不要显现语法错误。

2.填空题是以往阅读明白得题目中所没有的，这种题型要求考生弄明白空缺的句子及其上下文的内容，而
且要弄清其间的关系，依照这些关系猜想出空缺处的内容，然后再读上下文，最后确信答案。

3.封锁性题型必然要做到准确信位——对题目中涉及到的细节精准定位，以后依据题目及题目所限定的字
数，对这些答案有关的信息进行提炼、浓缩。

这种题目应该先看题目，带着问题去读文章，会提高阅读及解题的速度。

4．开放性问题必需认真读懂短文的内容，把握作者的观点，同时针对问题的中心谈论考生自己的观点。

观点要明确，不能模棱两可。

还要注意不要显现过度或偏激的观点，尽可能与作者观点维持一致。

短文改错
一、解题步骤
1．从语篇入手，明白得文章大意
短文改错不是单句改错，每一句的语意表达、结构选择是受上下文制约的。

如谓语动词时态的选择，代词的指代功能等都要依照上下文的线索进行判定。

因此，考生应立足于上下文，正确明白得作者用意，把握短文的题材，从整体上把握全文。

2．在明白得大意的基础上，审查句子结构
通读全文，了解文章大意、写作方式以后，应把要紧注意力放在句子层次上，判定句子的表达是不是符合行文逻辑，是不是符合语法标准。

从历年高考题来看短文改错绝大多数题目仍是句子层次的问题，偏重语言的准确性，因此，对句子结构正确与否的审查是关键性的一步。

3．从语法结构入手，进行语法改错
在正误判定的基础之上，依照语法规那么更正句子中的错误的地方。

改错时应注意改错设计规律，如：每篇有十项错误；改动的地方只能有一词，或删掉或增词，或修改。

二、解题技术
1．正确明白得做题要求，弄清楚改什么(改动一个单词，不是两个，也不是改标点符号)，怎么改(删除、补漏、纠错)。

答题必然要标准，各类符号不能缺少，形式和位置要正确。

2．并非每行都有错，无错行一样为一行，假设做题结果为多行无错，那么说明可能有未被发觉的错误，需进一步查找。

3．拼写错误已取消，不要把注意力用在寻觅拼写错的单词上，但应注意名词的单、复数形式是不是有问题。

4．短文改错一样以行为单位设置错误，但很少显现一行恰为一句的情形，有些句子一句要占两三行，单从一行(句子的一部份)看很难判定，因此应以句为单位进行审查，句与行结合起来加以验证。

5．短文改错有别于单句改错，要重视文章的整体内容和前后照顾。

既要从单句入手检查语言错误，又要从全文着眼发觉行文逻辑方面的问题。

注意句与句之间的关系，注意前后文之间的联系和统一，如此才能将在单个句子中不易发觉的错误，如连词运用不妥、人称混乱、时态不一致、前后矛盾等问题全数找出来，进行全面更正。

Test 1
Ⅰ.补全对话(2021·四川)
—James，can I have some black tea?
—Sure.__1__
—Well，just a little，please.
—Two teaspoons?
—__2__ I have gained some weight these days.
(Minutes later.)
—How nice it is!
—__3__
—Yes，please.Do you mind me smoking here?
—__4__ I don’t want to have secondhand smoke.Would you like some cookies，instead？
Eating more and smoking less will do you good.
—__5__
A.Of course！,
B.Any sugar？,
C.Okay，thanks.,
D.Well，go ahead.,
E.No，one is enough.,
F.How do you want it made？,
G.Would you like some more？
答案 1.B 2.E 3.G 4.A 5.C
Ⅱ.阅读表达(2021·四川)
A nurse of 78 this weekend celebrates 60 years of walking the wards—and she has no plans to
retire.
Jackie Reid was 18 when she started work in 1953—when the National Health Service(NHS) was just five years old—and is believed to be the oldest nurse in Britain.
The diabetes(糖尿病) specialist had to retire at 65 but returned as a nurse within two weeks and still does up to four seven­and­a­half hour shifts(轮班) each week.
Mrs Reid said：“Nursing is hard if you do it correctly but I love my job.Working for the NHS has been my life.I have no other hobbies because I have wor ked all my life.”
Jackie has worked at a number of different hospitals—including one in Scotland.
Her specialist field has been diabetes for the past 40 years.She retrained after her 12­year­old daughter Michelle developed the disease.She currently works at Southend Hospital，Essex.
Over the last 60 years she has treated tens of thousands of patients.
Jackie believes nursing should be protected from government cuts.She said：“There’re lots of things I would say to the government.If you are going to get good care you have to have the resources(资源)，you can’t do it without enough money.They shouldn’t need the cuts that there are in the NHS.It’s hard now because there’s a shortage of staff.”
Jackie has lived alone in Grays，Essex，since her husband died three years ago.
The couple have two daughters Michelle,50，and Karen,54.
Jackie added：“My youngest daughter worries about me—she doesn’t think I should work as much as I do.I constantly say ‘don’t worry about me，I’m fine’，but she never believes me.I don’t like the thought of giving it up and will try to keep going forever.”
1．In which year was the NHS set up？(within 2 words)
In_1948.
2．What does Jackie think of nursing？(within 6 words )
It’s_hard_but_she_loves_it.
3．When did Jackie retrain in the field of diabetes？(within 6 words)
After_her_daughter_developed_diabetes.
4．What does Jackie wish the government to do？(within 7 words)
Not_to_make_cuts_in__nursing.
5．Why does Jackie’s daughter worry about her？(within 8 words )
Because_she_thinks_her_mother__works_too_hard.
Ⅲ.短文改错(2021·四川)
Today we had a chemistry test.I found the test difficulty ，but I tried hardly to do it.Suddenly Mary ，my best friend ，asking me to let her to copy my answers.After think for some time ，I let her copy my answers.But after the test ，all of u s were called to the teacher’s office.The teacher was angry because we had same answers in the tests.We were warned not to cheat again so she would need to see our parents.I was very upset.I didn’t cheat.I was just helping a friend.Why does she punish me?
答案
Today we had a chemistry test.I found the test difficulty difficult ，but I tried hardly hard to do it.Suddenly
Mary ，my best friend ，asking asked me to let her to[KG*2] copy my answers.After think thinking for some
time ，I let her copy my answers.But after the test ，all both of us were called to the teacher’s
office.The teacher was angry because we had ∧the same answers in the tests test .We were warned not
to cheat again so or she would need to see our parents.I was very upset.I didn’t cheat.I was just
helping a friend.Why does did she punish me?
Test 2
Ⅰ.补全对话
Tom ：Are you fond of sports?
Mike ：__1__
Tom ：What kind of sports do you like?
Mike ：Almost all the ball games ，such as basketball ，soccer ，volleyball ，badminton ，table tennis ，
etc.__2__
Tom ：I hate sports.__3__
Mike ：__4__ Sports can build up your health and protect you from getting diseases easily.
Tom：Is that so？But sports are tiring sometimes.
Mike：Actually it is important for us to keep healthy.
Tom：__5__
A．How about you?
B．You’d better take up some sports.
C．Certainly，I am a super sports fan.
D．Because I’m too lazy to go out to do sports.
E．Try to play basketball，and you’ll find it interesting.
F．You’re right.I will play basketball in order to keep healthy.
G．Don’t you think swimming is interesting and we can swim together?
答案 1.C 2.A 3.D 4.B 5.F
Ⅱ.阅读表达
China news，Feb.17—The “Super Girl” competition staged in 2005 not only created new stars，such as Li Yuchun and Zhou Bichang，for China’s music business，but also elevated the reputation of the music academies where those new stars are studying and heated up the ongoing fever of entering conservatories.
Zhou Bichang’s school，Guangzhou Xinghai Conservatory of Music，was conducting spot confirmation(确认)of the 2006 student recruitment(招生)．More than 3,200 students rushed to register from all around China on the first day alone，with the number increasing over the previous year.
Some of the applicants expressed concertedly that it would be a pleasure to become schoolmates with the “Super Girl” and hoped to win fortune and fame in the show business fo llowing Zhou and other stars’ success.
The school also admitted that thanks to the “Super Girl” effect，this year they welcomed more students to register than in previous years.Major exams for Guangzhou Xinghai Conservatory of Music will start on February 20 and end on March 3，and the school will reinforce supervision(监督) on exam affairs to guarantee the most equity(公平) and justice in the examination.
1．What is the influence of the “Super Girl” competition staged in 2005？(within 35 words)
It_not_only_created_new_stars_for_China’s_music_business_but_also_elevated_the_reputation_ of_the_music_academies_where_those_new_stars_are_studying_and_heated_up_the_ongoing_fe ver_of_entering_conservatories.
2．Why do more students apply for Guangzhou Xinghai Conservatory of Music？(within 35 words) They_thought_it_would_be_a_pleasure_to_become_schoolmates_with_the_“Super_Girl”_and _hoped_to_win_fortune_and_fame_in_the_show_business_following_Zhou_and_other_stars’_su ccess.
3．How many days will the major exams for Guangzhou Xinghai Conservatory of Music last？
(within 3 words)
12_days.
4．What will the school do to make sure the exam is fair and justicial？(within 8 words) Reinforce_supervision_on_exam_affairs.
5．Can you give a title to the passage？(within 5 words)
The_“Super_Gir l”_Effect
Ⅲ.短文改错
I hardly remember my grandmother.She used to holding me on her knees and sing old songs.I was only four when she passes away.She is just a distant memory for me now.
I remember my grandfather very much.He was tall，with broad shoulder and a beard that turned from black toward gray over the years.He had a deep voice，which set himself apart from others in our small town，he was strong and powerful.In a fact，he even scared my classmates away during they came over to play or do homework with me.However，he was the gentlest man I have never known.(2021·新课标全国Ⅱ)
参考答案
I hardly remember my grandmother.She used to holding
hold
me on her knees and sing old
songs.I was only four when she passes
passed
away.She is just a distant memory for me now.
I remember my grandfather very
much
well/clearly
.He was tall，with broad
shoulder
shoulders
and a beard that
turned from black toward
to/into
gray over the years.He had a deep voice，which set
himself
him
apart from
others in our small town，
∧
and he was strong and powerful.In a\ fact，he even scared my classmates
away during
when
they came over to play or do homework with me.However，he was the gentlest man I
have never
ever
known.
Test 3
Ⅰ.补全对话
David：Where would you live if you could choose?
Jane：It’s very difficult to say.__1__
David：What would you do if you lived in Paris?
Jane：__2__
David：You’d soon get tired of it.__3__
Jane：I wouldn’t live in New York.It is too noisy.
David：How about Los Angeles?
Jane：__4__
David：It is said that t he sun shines every day in Los Angeles.I’d like to live there. Jane：__5__
David：I would also like to live in a city with a lot of good friends.
A．I’d like to live there，too
B．And what about the United States?
C．Los Angeles wouldn’t be a bad idea.
D．Would you like to live alone?
E．If I were very rich，I’d certainly choose Paris.
F．As a matter of fact，I’d live in any city where I had friends.
G．Oh，I’d have a house by the Seine，and I could enjoy the scenery.
答案 1.E 2.G 3.B 4.C 5.F
Ⅱ.阅读表达
You may not realize it，but you are actually doing much more than just studying when you are at school.School is also a place where you learn to get along well with people.But this is not always easy.What can you do if you just don’t like one of your classmates?
If you discover that you have problems in getting along with your classmates or friends，the most important thing to learn is tolerance.T olerance is the ability to realize and respect the differences in others.We cannot change the way that other people do，so it is important to learn to live happily with them.
Tolerance will make everyone get on better with each other.Knowing others constantly makes us understand others’ differences.
Something different does not exactly mean that it is bad.T olerance teaches us to keep an even temper and an open mind.
You need to remember an old saying，“Treat others how you want to be treated.” You would like to be treated kindly by your classmates，so it is important to treat them kindly too.T olerating something does not mean that you have to like it.No one is forcing you to change who you are or what you believe in.Tolerance just means that you should respect the differences in others and not try to make them change.
It is important to practice tolerance，because it will make everyone’s life easier.Learn to accept people for their different abilities and interests.The world is very different，and practicing tolerance in your own school and city can help make a difference.
1．What is the passage mainly about？(within 12 words)
It_is_mainly_about_the_importance_of_tolerance/respecting_the_differences_in_others. 2．Why is it not always easy to get along with people around you？(within 10 words) Because_we_are_different_from_one_another.
3．It’s important for you to get to know others.What can it help y ou do？(within 10 words) It_can_help_us_understand_others’_differences.
4．Why is tolerance important to people according to the passage？(within 10 words)
Because_it_will_make_everyone’s_lives/life_easier.
5．What does the old saying “Treat others how you want to be treated.” mean in English？(within
20 words)
If_you_want_to_be_treated_kindly_by_others，you_should_treat_them_kindly_first.
Ⅲ.短文改错
Some soldiers arrived in France for the first time，neither of whom could speak French except Bill，who boasted that he said the language very well.For some time they had to be in camp，but they didn’t need to speak any French.Then the day came that they were allowed to leave for the weekend.Hardly they left the camp when they saw the pretty girl on the other side of the road.And then they all asked Bill to speak to her.Bill walked cross the road，and smiled polite to the girl.He had only said a few words when the girl slapped her face angrily and walked off.Surprisingly，with his face were all smiles，Bill returned to his friends，saying，“Well.I told you I could speak French，don’t I？”
答案
Some soldiers arrived in France for the first time，neither
none
of whom could speak French except
Bill，who boasted that he
said
spoke/knew
the language very well.For some time they had to be in
camp，but
so/and
they didn’t need to speak any French.Then the day came that they were allowed to
leave for the weekend.Hardly
∧
had they left the camp when they saw
the
a
pretty girl on the other
side of the road.And then they all asked Bill to speak to her.Bill walked cross
across
the road，and smiled
polite politely to the girl.He had only said a few words when the girl slapped
her
his
face angrily and
walked off.Surprisingly，with his face were \all smiles，Bill returned to his friends，saying，“Well.I
told you I could speak French，don’t didn’t
I？”
Test 4
Ⅰ.补全对话
A：__1__ Could you tell me how to get to the address?
B：__2__ Hmm，I think you’d better call a taxi.
A：__3__
B：Well，yes，but you have to change buses twice and then walk a long way.
A：Which bus shall I take?
B：You have to take a number 7 bus first.
A：__4__
B：There is a bus stop opposite the post office.
A：__5__
B：You can find one next to the restaurant.
A：Thanks a lot.
A．Where can I catch a number 7 bus?
B．Excuse me.
C．By the way，is there a public telephone near here?
D．Let me see.
E．You can’t miss it.
F．Isn’t there any other way?
G．I am sorry.
答案 1.B 2.D 3.F 4.A 5.C
Ⅱ.阅读表达
Too often young people get themselves employed quite by accident，not knowing whether there will be opportunities for promotion(晋升)，happiness and security.As a result，they are employed in doing jobs that afford them little or no satisfaction.
Our school leavers face so much competition that they seldom care what they do as long as they can earn a living.Some stay long at a job and learn to like it；others leave one for another looking for something to suit them.The young graduates leave the university with the dream of looking for jobs that offer a salary up to their expectation.
Very few go out into the world knowing exactly what they want and the limits of their own abilities.The cause behind all this confusion is that there has never been a proper vocational(职业的) guidance in our educational institutions.Nearly all the graduates feel their way in the dark.Their chief concern is the salary.They never bother to think whether they are suited for the job or，even more important，whether the job suits them.Having a job is more than merely providing one and one’s dependants with daily bread and some money for leisure and entertainment.It sets a pattern of life and，in many ways，determines a person ’s social status in life and selection of friends，leisure and interest.
In choosing a profession，one should first consider which type of work will suit his or her interest.Nothing is sadder than taking on a job in which one has no interest，for it will not only ruin one’s talents but also discourage one’s desire to succeed in l ife.
1．According to Paragraph l，why do many young people find their jobs unsatisfactory？(within 10 words)
Because_they_often_find_their_jobs_by_chance.
2．According to Paragraph 2，what do university graduates expect of their future jobs? (within 10 words)
They_expected_the_job_could_offer_them_satisfactory_salaries.
3．What does the underlined word “dependants” in Paragraph 3 probably mean？(within10 words)
People_who_depend_on_others_for_a_living.
4．According to Paragraph 3，why are the university graduates confused when they find jobs？
(within 10 words)
Because_there_has_been_no_vocational_guidance_in_the_universities.
5．According to the author，what is the most important in choosing a job？(within 10 words) Finding_the_work_that_best_suits_one’s_interest.
Ⅲ.短文改错
I went hiking to a mountain with my friends last summer.It was a good trip at the beginning and something unexpected happened half way.One of my friend suddenly felt a terrible pain in his
stomach and he couldn’t move any far.Nobody knew what to do it.One girl tried to call her mum in her mobile phone，but there was no signal in the mountain area.Lucky we had brought a tent with us.We put it up and let him rested in it.He took some medicine.Then he drink some water，and ate some food.After while，he felt much better and we walked on.We all enjoyed us on the top of the mountain.
答案
I went hiking to a mountain with my friends last summer.It was a good trip at the beginning
and but something unexpected happened half way.One of my
friend
friends
suddenly felt a terrible pain in
his stomach and he couldn’t move any
far
farther/further
.Nobody knew what to do it\ .One girl
tried to call her mum
in
with
her mobile phone，but there was no signal in the mountain area.
Lucky
Luckily
we had brought a tent with us.We put it up and let him rested
rest
in it.He took some medicine.Then
he drink
drank
some water，and ate some food.After
∧
a while，he felt much better and we walked
on.We all enjoyed
us
ourselves
on the top of the mountain.。