2018高考全国卷B篇阅读

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2018年全国三卷英语阅读b篇

2018年全国三卷英语阅读B篇一、文章概要2018年全国三卷英语阅读B篇是一篇关于我国传统文化和西方文化之间对比的文章。

文章通过比较中西方文化在礼仪、食物、节日、家庭结构等方面的差异，探讨了中西方文化的异同之处，并提出了尊重和理解不同文化的重要性。

文章深入浅出，具有一定的启发意义，对学生的思维能力和跨文化交流能力有一定的培养作用。

二、文章结构分析2018年全国三卷英语阅读B篇的整体结构为概述、主体和结论三部分。

概述部分通过引出问题，引发读者的兴趣，准确地描述了中西方文化的不同之处。

主体部分依次从礼仪、食物、节日、家庭结构等方面进行对比分析，通过事实、数据和案例的举证，深入探讨了中西方文化的差异。

结论部分提出了尊重和理解不同文化的观点，并呼吁人们要打破文化隔阂，促进跨文化交流。

三、语言表达特点2018年全国三卷英语阅读B篇的语言表达简洁明了，条理清晰，有较强的逻辑性和说服力。

作者运用了大量的修辞手法，如对比、排比、比喻等，增强了文章的表现力和感染力。

作者还运用了丰富的例证和事实来支撑论点，使文章更具说服力和可信度。

整篇文章语言通顺，表达清晰，读起来流畅易懂。

四、启示和价值2018年全国三卷英语阅读B篇通过对中西方文化的对比分析，唤起了人们对文化多样性的思考和对不同文化的尊重与理解。

文章对于提升学生的跨文化交流能力和全球意识有非常重要的意义。

文章还为人们提供了一种超越文化隔阂的思路，帮助我们更好地融入多元文化社会，促进世界和平与发展。

五、结语2018年全国三卷英语阅读B篇是一篇具有启发意义的文章，通过对中西方文化的差异进行精辟的对比分析，唤起了对于文化多样性的思考和对不同文化的尊重与理解。

文章语言表达简洁明了，具有较强的逻辑性和说服力。

希望广大学生能够通过阅读这篇文章，增强跨文化交流能力，拓展国际视野，为构建一个和谐世界作出更大的贡献。

鉴于2018年全国三卷英语阅读B篇具有一定的启发意义和价值，下面将从中西方文化的差异、尊重和理解不同文化的重要性以及跨文化交流能力的培养等方面展开更深入的探讨。

2018高考英语全国卷III—阅读理解B译文—城市兴衰

2018高考英语全国卷III*阅读理解B
城市兴衰
城市选址通常有一个合理的原因，例如毗邻一个附近的港口或者河流。

人们定居在这些地方，因为它们很容易到达，而且通常适合交流和贸易。

例如，纽约市靠近哈德孙河河口处的一个巨大的海港。

在300年间，它的人口从800逐渐增长到了800万。

但是并不是所有的城市在很长的时期都缓慢的发展，新兴城市几乎在一夜之间从无到有。

在1896年，加拿大的道森市，还是地图上未标明的荒野。

但是在1897年，黄金在那里被发现，两年后，它成了西部最大的城市之一，有着3万人口。

道森市没有像伦敦和巴黎一样的自然
便利条件。

人们只是为了黄金去那里。

他们翻过大雪封顶的高山，沿着冰河航行几百英里。

去道森的路被30英尺的湿雪覆盖，没有征兆可能就会掉落。

一场雪崩曾经封闭了道路，导致63人死亡。

然而，对于很多成功去道森的人来说，回报值得这次艰难的行程。

在首批淘金的2万人中，4千人发达了。

大约100人在余生也保持富有。

但是无论他们多么的富有，道森永远不是令人舒适的。

像食物和木头这样的必需品是很贵的。

但是很快，道森所倚仗的黄金已经全部被发现。

这座城市充满了无意定居的失望者，当他们听说在阿拉斯加有新的黄金发现时，他们像来时一样快地离开了道森市。

如今，人们仍然有来有往——来参观加拿大淘金热发生所在地。

旅游业目前是道森市的支柱产业——当前人口762.。

2018高考英语真题试卷全国一卷(含答案和解析)

2018年全国统一高考英语试卷（新课标Ⅰ卷）第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

AWashington,D.C.Bicycle ToursCherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington,D.C.Duration TourThis small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see a world-famous cherry trees with beautiful flowers of Washington,D.C.Your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees and the famous monuments where they blossom.Reserve your spot before availability—the cherry blossoms—disappear!Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle TourDuration:3hours(4miles)Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washington,D.C.Explore the monuments and memorials on the National Mall as your guide shares unique facts and history at each stop. Guided tour includes bike,helmet,cookies and bottled water.Capital City Bike Tour In Washington,D.C.Duration:3hoursMorning or Afternoon,this bike tour is the perfect tour for D.C.newcomers and locals looking to experience Washington,D.C.in a healthy way with minimum effort.Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most,interesting stories about Presidents,Congress,memorials,and fortable bikes and a smooth tour route(路线)make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing.Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle TourDuration:3hours(7miles)Join a small group bike tour for an evening of exploration in the heart of Washington,D.C.Get up close to the monuments and memorials as your bike the sites of Capitol Hill and the National Mall.Frequent stops are made for photo taking as your guide offers unique facts and history.Tour includes bike,helmet,and bottled water.All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights.21.Which tour do you need to book in advance?A.Cherry Blossom like Tour in Washington,D.C.B.Washington capital Monuments Bicycle Tour.C.Capital City Bike Tour in Washington,D.C.D.Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour.22.What will you do on the Capital City Bike Tour?A.Meet famous people.B.Go to a national park.C.Visit well-known museums.D.Enjoy interesting stories.23.Which of the following does the bicycle tour at night provide?A.City maps.B.Cameras.C.MealsD.Safety lightsBGood Morning Britain’s Susanna Reid is used to grilling guests on the sofa every morning,but she is cooking up a storm in her latest role—showing families how to prepare delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budget.In Save Money:Good Food,she visits a different home each week and with the help of chef Matt Tebbutt offers top tips on how to reduce food waste,while preparing recipes for under£5per family a day. And the Good Morning Britain presenter says she’s been able to put a lot of what she’s leant into practice in her own home,preparing meals for sons,Sam,14,Finn,13,and Jack,11.“We love Mexican churros,so I buy them on my phone from my local Mexican takeaway restaurant,”she explains.“I pay£5for a portion(一份),but Matt makes them for26p a portion,because they are flour, water,sugar and oil.Everybody can buy takeaway food,but sometimes we’re not aware how cheaply we can make this food ourselves.”The eight-part series(系列节自),Save Money:Good Food,follows in the footsteps of ITV’s Save Money:Good Health,which gave viewers advice on how to get value from the vast range of health products on the market.With food our biggest weekly household expense,Susanna and Matt spend time with a different family each week.In tonight’s Easter special they come to the aid of a family in need of some delicious inspiration on a budget.The team transforms the family’s long weekend of celebration with less expensive but still tasty recipes.24.What do we know about Susanna Reid?A.She enjoys embarrassing her guests.B.She has started a new programme.C.She dislikes working early in the morning.D.She has had a light budget for her family.25.How does Matt Tebbutt help Susanna?A.He buys cooking materials for her.B.He prepares food for her kids.C.He assists her in cooking matters.D.He invites guest families for her.26.What does the author intend to do in paragraph4?A.Summarize the previous paragraphs.B.Provide some advice for the readers.C.Add some background information.D.Introduce a new topic for discussion.27.What can be a suitable title for the text?A.Keeping Fit by Eating SmartB.Balancing Our Daily DietC.Making yourself a Perfect ChefD.Cooking Well for LessCLanguages have been coming and going for thousands of years,but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going.When the the world was still populated by hunter-gatherers,small,tightly knit (联系)groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other.Some language experts believe that10,000years ago,when the world had just five to ten million people,they spoke perhaps12,000 languages between them.Soon afterwards,many of those people started settling down to become farmers,and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number.In recent centres,trade,industrialisation,the development of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory education.Especially glbalisation and better communications in the past few decades,all have caused many Languages to disappear,and dominant languages such as English.Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.At present,the world has about6,800languages.The distribution of these languages is hugely uneven. The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages.Often spoken by many people while hot,wet zones have lots,often spoken by small numbers.Europe has only around200Languages:the Americas about1,000.Africa2,400;and Asia and the Pacific perhaps3,200,of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over800.The median number(中位数)of speakers is a mere6.000,which means that half the worlds languages are spoken by fewer people than that.Already well over400of the total of6,800languages are close to extinction(消亡),with only a few elderly speakers left.Pick,at random,Busuu in Cameroon(eight remaining speakers),Chiapaneco in Mexico(150).Lipan Apache in the United States(two or three)or Wadjigu in Australia(one,with a question-mark):none of these seems to have much chance of survival.28.What can we infer about languages in huntergatherer times?A.They developed very fast.B.They were large in number.C.They had similar patters.D.They were closely connected29.Which of the following best explains“dominant”underlined in paragraph2？plex.B.Advanced.C.Powerful.D.Modem.30.How many languages are spoken by less than6,000people at present?A.About6,800.B.About3,400.C.About2,400.D.About1,200.31.What is the min idea of the text?A.New languages will be created.B.Peoples lifestyles are reflected in languagesC.Human development results in fewer languagesD.Geography determines language evolution.DWe may think we’re a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of something shiny and new,but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices(装置)well after they go out of style. That’s bad news for the environment—and our wallets—as these outdated devices consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the same things.To figure out how much power these devices are using,Callie Babbitt and her colleagues at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York tracked the environmental costs for each product throughout its life—from when its minerals are mined to when we stop using the device.This method provided a readout for how home energy use has evolved since the early1990s.Devices were grouped by generation—Desktop computers,basic mobile phones,and box-set TVs defined1992.Digital cameras arrived on thescene in1997.And MP3players,smart phones,and LCD TVs entered homes in2002,before tablets and e-readers showed up in2007.As we accumulated more devices,however,we didn’t throw out our old ones.“The living-room television is replaced and gets planted in the kids’room,and suddenly one day,you have a TV in every room of the house,”said one researcher.The average number of electronic devices rose from four per household in 1992to13in2007.We’re not just keeping these old devices—we continue to use them.According to the analysis of Babbitt’s team,old desktop monitors and box TVs with cathode ray tubes are the worst devices with their energy consumption and contribution to greenhouse gas emissions（排放）more than doubling during the1992to2007window.So what’s the solution（解决方案）?The team’s data only went up to2007,but the researchers also explored what would happen if consumers replaced old products with new electronics that serve more than one function,such as a tablet for word processing and TV viewing.They found that more on-demand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%.32.What does the author think of new devices?A.They are environment-friendly.B.They are no better than the old.C.They cost more to use at home.D.They go out of style quickly.33.Why did Babbitt’s team conduct the research?A.To reduce the cost of minerals.B.To test the life cycle of a product.C.To update consumers on new technology.D.To find out electricity consumption of the devices.34.Which of the following uses the least energy?A.The box-set TV.B.The tablet.C.The LCD TV.D.The desktop computer.35.What does the text suggest people do about old electronic devices?A.Stop using them.B.Take them apart.C.Upgrade them.D.Recycle them.第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)Color is fundamental in home design—something you’ll always have in every room.A grasp of how to manage color in your spaces is one of the first steps to creating rooms you’ll love to live in.Do you want a room that’s full of life?Professional?Or are you just looking for a place to relax after a long day?36, color is the key to making a room feel the way you want it to feel.Over the years,there have been a number of different techniques to help designers approach this important point.37,they can get a little complex.But good news is that there’re really only three kinds of decisions you need to make about color in your home:the small ones,the medium ones,and the large ones.38.They’re the little spots of color like throw pillows,mirrors and baskets that most of us use to add visual interest to our rooms.Less tiring than painting your walls and less expensive than buying a colorful sofa,small color choices bring with them the significant benefit of being easily changeable.Medium color choices are generally furniture pieces such as sofas,dinner tables or bookshelves 39.They require a bigger commitment than smaller ones,and they have a more powerful effect on the feeling of a space.The large color decisions in your rooms concern the walls,ceilings,and floors.Whether you’re looking at wallpaper or paint,the time,effort and relative expense put into it are significant.40.A.While all of them are usefulB.Whatever you’re looking forC.If you’re experimenting with a colorD.Small color choices are the ones we’re most familiar withE.It’s not really a good idea to use too many small color piecesF.So it pays to be sure,because you want to get it right the first timeG.Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

英语真题-2018年-全国1-阅读B(题源详解)

2018年- 全国1卷阅读B（题源文章）Good Morning Britain’s Susanna Reid on new cooking on a tight budgetSUSANNA Reid helps you cook well for less.By SUE CRAWFORDPUBLISHED: 00:01, Sat, Apr 8, 2017In Save Money: Good Food, she visits a different home each week and with the help of chef Matt Tebbutt offers top tips on how to reduce food waste, while preparing recipes for under £5 per family a day.“We love Mexican churros, so I buy them via an app on my phone from my local Mexican takeaway restaurant,” she explains. “I pay £5 for a portion, but Matt makes them for 26p a portion, because they are flour, water, sugar and oil.“Everybody is entitled to buy takeaway food, but sometimes we’re not aware how cheaply we can make this food ourselves.”The show has also taught Susanna how to better manage her time in the kitchen. “I get up very early, go to work, come home about 10am and then have a nap between 11 and 1,” she says.use a slow cooker, so when the boys come home there’s a meal waiting for them.”“I’ve also learnt that it’s better to use chicken thighs than chicken breasts, because if you do what I do and sometimes over-cook chicken, chicken breasts don’t taste quite as good when you do it wrong. Whereas chicken thighs are half the cost and are much more forgiving4.”So with all this practice5, is Susanna a good cook? “Now I don’t know how to define ‘good cook’,” she answers with a smile. “My boys eat my food, but I think I’m what would traditionally be called a ‘plain cook.’I cook meat, potatoes, veg and salmon.“I try, as often as I can, to make food from scratch, because I know how important it is to give them fresh food. But, like a lot of working parents, I’m pressed for time, so occasionally6they’ll have fish fingers and sometimes it’s beans on toast or a toasted cheese sandwich.”With food our biggest weekly household expense, Susanna and Matt spend time with a different family each week. “Matt is charming, lovely, talented and fun and I can get a word in edgeways, which is a departure!”she laughs.In tonight’s Easter special they come to the aid of a family in need of some delicious inspiration9 on a budget. The team transforms10 the family’s long weekend of indulgence with thrifty but tasty recipes.“There are other things, like using your freezer11 more and learning to use leftover salad and vegetables; each episode is packed with advice.”While Susanna has learnt a lot of valuable12 lessons, she confesses that she’s certainly13 not perfect.“My favourite thing when I’m not working is to chill out with the kids. Friday night is film night in front of the TV with a takeaway,” she admits. “Believe me, I am not averse to the odd takeaway! We all deserve14 a break from cooking in the kitchen don’t we?”Just don’t tell Matt!Save Money: Good Food, Tuesday, 7.30PM, ITV2018-全国1卷阅读题B原文【文章出处】英国报刊《EXPRESS》【语篇简介】这是一篇新闻报道。

2018年高考英语真题全国I卷阅读理解B：全文英汉对照翻译+解析+重点词汇

2018年高考英语真题全国I卷阅读理解B：全文英汉对照翻译+解析+重点词汇适用地区：河南、河北、山西、江西、湖北、湖南、广东、安徽、福建、山东BGood Morning Britain’s Susanna Reid is used to grilling guests on the sofa every morning, but she is cooking up a storm in her latest role —showing families how to prepare delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budget.每天早上，《早安英国》的主持人苏珊娜•里德（Susanna Reid）都会坐在沙发上盘问她的嘉宾。

不过，在新近主持的一档新的栏目里，她开始大秀起自己的厨艺，教人们如何在预算紧张的情况下做出美味又营养的饭菜。

In Save Money: Good Food, she visits a different home each week and with the help of chef Matt Tebbutt offers top tips on how to reduce food waste, while preparing recipes for under £5 per family a day. And the Good Morning Britain presenter says she’s been able to put a lot of what she’s leant into practice in her own home, preparing meals for sons, Sam,14, Finn,13, and Jack, 11.在这档名为《省钱做美食（Save Money: Good Food）》的栏目中，她每周会走访不同的家庭，在大厨马特·特巴特（Matt Tebbutt）的帮助下提供如何减少食物浪费的重要诀窍，同时为各家庭准备每天花费不超过5英镑的菜谱。

2018年高考语文北京卷及答案解析

绝密★启用前 2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（北京卷）语文（满分：150分，考试时间：150分钟）一、本大题共7小题，共23分。

阅读下面的材料，完成1~7题。

材料一当年，科学技术的巨大进步推动了人工智能的迅猛发展，人工智能成了全球产业界、学术界的高频词。

有研究者将人工智能定义为：对一种通过计算机实现人脑思维结果，能从环境中获取感知并执行行动的智能体的描述和构建。

人工智能并不是新鲜事物。

20世纪中叶，“机器思维”就已出现在这个世界上。

1936年，英国数学家阿兰·麦席森·图灵从模拟人类思考和证明的过程入手，提出利用机器执行逻辑代码来模拟人类的各种计算和逻辑思维过程的设想。

1950年，他发表了《计算机器与智能》一文，提出了判断机器是否具有智能的标准，即“图灵测试”。

“图灵测试”是指一台机器如果能在5分钟内回答由人类测试者提出的一系列问题，且超过30%的回答让测试者误认为是人类所答，那么就可以认为这机器具有智能。

20世纪80年代，美国哲学家约翰·希尔勒教授用“中文房间”的思维实验，表达了对“智能”的不同思考。

一个不懂中文只会说英语的人被关在一个封闭的房间里，他只有铅笔、纸张和一大本指导手册，不时会有画着陌生符号的纸张被递进来。

被测试者只能通过阅读指导手册找寻对应指令来分析这些符号。

之后，他向屋外的人交出一份同样写满符号的答卷。

被测试者全程都不知道，其实这些纸上用来记录问题和答案的符号是中文。

他完全不懂中文，但他的回答是完全正确的。

上述过程中，被测试者代表计算机，他所经历的也正是计算机的工作内容，即遵循规则，操控符号。

“中文房间”实验说明，看起来完全智能的计算机程序其实根本不理解自身处理的各种信息。

希尔勒认为，如果机器有“智能”，就意味着它具有理解能力。

既然机器没有理解能力，那么所谓的“让机器拥有人类智能”的说法就是无稽之谈了。

在人工智能研究领域中，不同学派的科学家对“何为智能”的理解不尽相同。

（全）高考英语-经典长难句-解析及翻译

（全）⾼考英语-经典长难句-解析及翻译⾼考英语-经典长难句解析及翻译2018年全国Ⅰ卷，阅读理解B篇She visits a different home each week and with the help of chef Matt Tebbutt offers top tips on how to reduce food waste, while preparing recipes for under ￡5 per family a day.第⼀步：有并列结构第⼆部：分析主⼲和定状she（主语）visits（谓语）a different home（宾语）each week（状语）with the help of chef Matt Tebbutt（状语）（省略了主语she）offers（谓语）top tips（宾语）on how to reduce food waste（定语，介词加从句）, while preparing recipes（状语1，从句）for under ￡5 （状语2，介词短语）per family（状语3）a day（状语4）第三步：根据状语倒序前置，定语倒序前置的翻译⽅法，我们可也把这句话翻译为：“她每周都会拜访⼀个不同的家庭”“在⼤厨Matt Tebbutt的帮助下，当⼀天⼀个家庭准备不到5英镑的⾷谱时，她会提供关于如何减少⾷物浪费的好建议”第四步：合并并列结构“她每周都会拜访⼀个不同的家庭并且在⼤厨Matt Tebbutt的帮助下，当⼀天⼀个家庭准备不到5英镑的⾷谱时，她会提供关于如何减少⾷物浪费的好建议”2018年全国Ⅰ卷，阅读理解A篇Morning or Afternoon, this bike tour is the perfect tour for D. C. newcomers and locals looking to experience Washington, D.C. in a healthy way with minimum effort.第⼀步：⽆并列第⼆部：分析主⼲和定状Morning or afternoon（状）, this bike tour（主语）is（谓语）the perfect tour（宾语，严格意义上来说是标语）for D. C. newcomers and locals（宾语）looking to experience Washington, D.C.（定语1，分词短语）in a healthy way（分词2，介词短语）with minimum effort（分词3，介词短语）. 第三步：根据状语前置，定语倒序前置的翻译⽅法，我们可也把这句话翻译为：“⽆论早上还是下午，这个⾃⾏车旅⾏对于那些⽤最少努⼒，以⼀个健康的⽅式去游览华盛顿的当地⼈和新到者来说，是⼀个完美的旅⾏。

2018年高考语文全国卷2-答案

2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试语文答案解析一、现代文阅读（一）1.【答案】A【解析】B项将一段“数字化记忆……比选择性删除所耗费的成本更低”和第四段“大数据技术加入了人的主体身份的‘被数据化’”进行简单拼接，强加因果。

C项“为了对抗大数据”曲解文意。

D项曲解文意，应该是“适度的、合理的遗忘，是对这种数字化记忆霸权的抵抗”。

2.【答案】D【解析】此题考查分析论证过程的能力，重点考查论点是否正确。

答题时注意分析文章的思路，中心论点和分论点的关系。

D项混淆时态。

“可能”错误，文章分析的是已然发生的问题。

3.【答案】B【解析】此题侧重分析概括作者在文中的观点态度。

解答时首先要通读全文明确论述话题，然后概括每一段的观点，最后将选项信息归位，与原文比对理解，找出答案。

B项以偏概全。

原文说“不论是个人的遗忘还是社会的遗忘，在某种程度都是一种个人及社会修复和更新的机制”，选项去掉了“在某种程度上”的限制。

（二）4.【答案】C【解析】“赞叹不已”的是对四姨说法，而不是对有声电影。

5.【答案】①对待新奇事物，还没亲见就先有说法，“不知为知之”，揭示出二姐等人傲慢无知的自大；②听说有声电影真有新奇之处，就想“开开眼”，是一种从众、趋新的心态；③到了电影院后也不真的看电影，不愿对新奇事物进一步了解探究，实质上是一种固步自封的心态；④对有声电影胡乱作出“共识”评价，隐含的是二姐等人面对新奇事物时无所适从的焦虑不安。

【解析】本题考查分析人物的形象特点的能力。

题干“结合二姐等人看有声电影的经过”有很强的指导性，由此可知应该按照事件发展过程中的每一个阶段进行概括分析。

分别为：没看电影之前，刚刚听说了有声电影之后要去看，到了电影院之后，看完电影之后。

根据不同的发展阶段分析概括人物不同的心理。

6.【答案】①如“知之为知之，不知为知之”，或“一部伦理从何处说起”，借用并改换了经典语句，以造成幽默效果；②如出门时二姥姥找眼镜、三舅妈找钮子，四狗子洗脸，同一行为模式重复多次，产生喜剧效果；③如“既来之则安之，打了票”，或“忽前忽后，忽左忽右，离而复散，分而复合，主张不一，而又愿坐在一块儿”，将书面语与口语混搭，庄谐并出；④如“直落得二姐口干舌燥，二姥姥连喘带嗽，四狗子咆哮如雷，看座的满头是汗”，使用了排比手法描写人物窘态，带有打油诗的诙谐意味；⑤如二姐等人打架似的推让座位，“把前后左右的观众都感化得直喊叫老天爷”，把抱怨说成“感化”，反话正说，既讽刺又幽默；⑥如二姐喊叫卖糖的，声音之大令人“以为是卖糖的杀了人”，这种夸张令人忍俊不禁。

2018全国高考语文3卷(附答案解析)

(全国Ⅲ卷)2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试语文（含答案解析）注意事项:1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、淮考证号填写在答题卡上。

2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。

写在本试卷上无效。

3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

一、现代文阅读(36分)(一)论述类文本阅读(本题共3小题，9分)阅读下面的文字，完成1~3题。

对城市而言，文明弹性是一个城市体在生存。

创新、适应、应变等方面的综合状态、综合能力，是公共性与私人性之间，多样性与共同性之间，稳定性与变迁性之间、柔性与刚性之间的动态和谐，过于绵柔、松散，或者过于刚硬、密集，都是弹性不足或丧失的表现，是城市体出现危机的表征，当代城市社会，尤其需要关注以下文明弹性问题。

其一，空间弹性。

城市具有良好空间弹性的一个重要表现，是空间的私人性与公共性关系能够得到较为合理的处理。

任何城市空间都是私人性与公共性的统一，空间弹性的核心问题，就是如何实现空间的公共性与私人性的有机统一具体转换。

片面地强调空间的公共性成片面地强调空间的私人性，都会使城市发展失去基础，目前，人们更多地要求空间的私人性，注重把空间因化为永恒的私人所有物、占有物。

这种以私人化为核心的空间固化倾向，造成城市空间弹性不足，正在成为制约城市发展的一个重要原因，其二，制度弹性，一种较为理想的、有弹性的城市制度，是能够在秩序与活力、生存与发展间取得相对平衡的制度。

城市有其发展周期、发展阶段，对一个正在兴起的城市而言，其主要任务是聚集更多的发展资源、激活发展活力，而对一个已经发展起来的城市而言，人们会更为注重城市制度的稳定功能。

但问题在于，即使是正在崛起的城市，也需要面对秩序与稳定的问题:即使是一个已经发展起来的城市，也需要面对新活力的激活问题。

过于注重某种形式的城市制度，过于注重城市制度的某种目标，都是城市制度弹性不足，走向僵化的表现，都会妨害城市发展.其三，意义弹性。

2018年英语高考全国卷二(含参考答案)

绝密★启用前2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2.作答时，务必将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷及草稿纸上无效。

3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。

录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5短对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.1.WhatdoesJohnfinddifficultinlearningGerman?A.Pronunciation.B.Vocabulary.C.Grammar.2.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Colleagues.B.Brotherandsister.C.Teacherandstudent.3.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inabank.B.Ataticketoffice.C.Onatrain.4.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Arestaurant.B.Astreet.C.Adish.5.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofherinterview?A.Itwastough.B.Itwasinteresting.C.Itwassuccessful.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。

2018高考英语试题全国卷及答案.doc

绝密★启用前2018 年一般高等学校招生全国一致考试英语第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30 分）第一节（共 5 小题：每题 1.5 分，满分7.5 分）1． What is the man going to do?A． Open the window.B． Find another room. 2． What do we know about Peter Schmidt?A． He has lost his ticket.went out to buy a ticket.3． What do we know about mother and son?A． She wants to tell him the result of the game.B．She doesn’t like him to watch TV.C． She knows which team he supports.4． What are the speakers talking about?A． Exam results.B． Time for the exam. 5． What will the woman tell the man?C． Go out with the woman.B． He is expecting a ticket. C ．He C． Change of class hours.A．Her company’s name. B ． Her new address.C． Her phone number.第二节（共15 小题：每题 1.5 分，满分22.5 分）6． What is the possible relationship between the woman and the man?A． Wife and husband.B． Doctor and patient.C． Boss and secretary 7． What does the woman think about the man?A． He is not good to the children.B． He is not telling the truth.C． He sleeps too much.8． Where does the woman want to go?A． An office.B． A fruit shop.C． A police station. 9． What does the woman have to do now?A． Wait for Mark at the crossroads.B． Walk ahead and turn right.C． Walk a little way back.10． What exactly does the man want to find out?A． What people think of the bus service.B． How many people are using the bus service.C． Which group of people use the bus service most often.11． What does the woman say about the bus service?A． The distance between bus stops is too long.B． The bus timetables are full of mistakes.C． Buses are often not on time.12． Why does the woman say her husband is fortunate?A．He often goes to work in a friend’s car.B．He doesn’t need to go shopping by bus.C． He lives close to the bus station.13． What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?A． Salesperson and customerB． Old school friendsC． Fellow workers14． What do we know about the woman?C．She is A． She is fond of her work.B． She is tired of traveling.interested in law.15． What is the man?A． A company manager.B． A salesperson.C． A lawyer.16． Why does the woman ask for the man’s address?A． To send him a book.B． To get together with him.C． To repair something at his home.17． What is the aim of the program?A． To keep trainees in shape.B． To improve public relations.C． To develop leadership skills.18． Which of the following will the trainess be doing during the program?A． Attenling lectures on managementB． Preparing reports for the company.C． Making plans for a journey.19． How long will the program last?A． 8 days B． 12 days C． 20 days.20． If people want to join the program, what should they do after the meeting?A． Take a pre-test B． Pay for the program.C． Sign on a piece of paper.第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45 分）第一节：单项填空（共15 小题：每题 1 分，满分15 分）21．Don’t be afraid of asking for help it is needed.A． unless B． since C． although D． when22． A cook will be immediately fired if he is found in the kitchen.A． smoke B． smoking C． to smoke D． smoked23． Allen had to call a taxi because the box was to carry all the way home.A． much too heavy B． too much heavy C． heavy too much D． too heavy much24．— Sorry, Joe, I didn’t mean to—Don’t call me“Joe”. I ’m Mr Parker to you, and you forget it!A． do B．didn ’t C． did D．don’t25．If anybody calls, tell them I’m out, and ask them to their name and address.A． pass B． write C． take D． leave26．The sign reads“In case of fire, break the glass and push redbutton.”A．不填； a B．不填； the C． the; the D． a;a27． All morning as she waited for the medical report from the doctor,her nervouseness.A． has grown B． is growing C． grew D． had grown28． A left luggage office is a place where bags be left for a short time, especially at a railway station.A． should B． can C． must D． will29．We’re going to the bookstore in John’s car. You can come with us you can meet us there later.A． but B． and C． or D． then30．Why don’t you put the meat in the fridge? It will fresh for several days.A． be stayed B． stay C． be staying D． have stayed31．Newsreports say peace talks between the two countries with no agreement reached.A． have broken down B． have broken out C． have broken in D．have broken up 32．— There’s coffee and tea: you can have.— Thanks.A． either B． each C． one D． it33．— Susan, go and join your sister cleaning the yard.— Why? John is sitting there doing nothing.A． him B． he C． I D． me34． The old couple have been married for 40 years and never once with each other.A． they had quarreled B． they have quarreledC． have they quarreled D． had they quarreled35．— I think you should phone Jenny and say sorry to her.—.It was her fault.A． No way B． Not possible C． No chance D． Not at all第二节：完形填空（共20 小题：每题 1.5 分，满分30 分）阅读下边短文，掌握其粗心，而后从36— 55 各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出最正确选项。

(完整word版)2018年全国卷语文高考试题文档版(含答案)

绝密★启用前2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试语文注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。

写在本试卷上无效。

3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

一、现代文阅读（36分）（一）论述类文本阅读（本题共3小题，9分）阅读下面的文字，完成1~3题。

对城市而言，文明弹性是一个城市体在生存、创新、适应、应变等方面的综合状态、综合能力，是公共性与私人性之间、多样性与共同性之间、稳定性与变迁性之间、柔性与刚性之间的动态和谐，过于绵柔、松散，或者过于刚硬、密集，都是弹性不足或丧失的表现，是城市体出现危机的表征。

当代城市社会，尤其需要关注以下文明弹性问题。

其一，空间弹性。

城市具有良好空间弹性的一个重要表现，是空间的私人性与公共性关系能够得到较为合理的处理。

任何城市空间都是私人性与公共性的统一，空间弹性的核心问题，就是如何实现空间的公共性与私人性的有机统一、具体转换。

片面地强调空间的公共性或片面地强调空间的私人性，都会使城市发展失去基础。

目前，人们更多地要求空间的私人性，注重把空间固化为永恒的私人所有物、占有物。

这种以私人化为核心的空间固化倾向，造成城市空间弹性不足，正在成为制约城市发展的一个重要原因。

其二，制度弹性。

一种较为理想的、有弹性的城市制度，是能够在秩序与活力、生存与发展间取得相对平衡的制度。

城市有其发展周期、发展阶段，对一个正在兴起的城市而言，其主要任务是聚集更多的发展资源、激活发展活力。

而对一个已经发展起来的城市而言，人们会更为注重城市制度的稳定功能。

但问题在于，即使是正在崛起的城市，也需要面对秩序与稳定的问题；即使是一个已经发展起来的城市，也需要面对新活力的激活问题。

过于注重某种形式的城市制度，过于注重城市制度的某种目标，都是城市制度弹性不足、走向僵化的表现，都会妨害城市发展。

2018年高考英语全国1卷阅读B翻译译文

每天早上，《早安英国》的Susanna Reid都会坐在沙发上向观众们问好。

但是在她的最新节目里，她开始烹饪——教给家庭如何准备既美味营养又省钱的美食。

在《教你如何通过食材中省钱》里，她每周会访问一家不同的家庭，并由大厨Matt Tebbut来向受访家庭传授减少食物浪费的小妙招儿，由此可以在花费不到5英镑的情况下，便能准备好一个家庭一天的食物。

《早安英国》的主持人表示，她已经将很多省钱妙招儿用在了自己家里，为她的儿子，14岁的Sam，13岁的Finn和11岁的Jack准备食物。

“我们一家人都很喜欢墨西哥小油条，所以我就通过电话在我家当地的墨西哥外卖餐厅买了一些，”她解释道。

“我自己买的话是5英镑一份，而Matt的妙招儿却让费用降低到了26便士，这是因为小油条的制作只需要面粉、水、糖和油。

每个人都可以买外卖，但有时候我们并不晓得如果自己做的话，价格就会便宜不少。

”
除了共有八部分的系列节目《教你如何通过食材省钱》外，还有《教你从保健品里省钱》的系列节目。

该节目的内容主要是教观众们如何从市场中各种样式的保健品里省钱。

食物可谓是我们每周的最大家庭消费，Susanna和Matt每周都会访问一个不同的家庭。

在今晚的复活节特别版中，他们去到一个家庭中，帮助那家人在既定预算下完成了一顿美味佳肴。

在他们二人的帮助下，受访家庭做好了一顿既省钱又美味的节日长假晚餐。

2018年高考真题语文(全国卷Ⅰ)wordB5版

绝密★启用前2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试语文试题一、现代文阅读(36分)（一）论述类文本阅读(本题共3小题，9分)阅读下面的文字，完成1～3题。

诸子之学，兴起于先秦，当时一大批富有创见的思想家喷涌而出，蔚为思想史之奇观。

在狭义上，诸子之学与先秦时代相联系；在广义上，诸子之学则不限于先秦而绵延于此后中国思想发展的整个过程，这一过程至今仍没有终结。

诸子之学的内在品格是历史的承继性以及思想的创造性和突破性。

“新子学”，即新时代的诸子之学，也应有同样的品格。

这可以从“照着讲”和“接着讲”两个方面来理解。

一般而言，“照着讲”主要从历史角度对以往经典作具体的实证性研究，诸如训诂、校勘、文献编纂，等等。

这方面的研究涉及对以往思想的回顾、反思，既应把握历史上的思想家实际说了些什么，也应总结其中具有创造性和生命力的内容，从而为今天的思考提供重要的思想资源。

与“照着讲”相关的是“接着讲”。

从思想的发展与诸子之学的关联看，“接着讲”接近诸子之学所具有的思想突破性的内在品格，它意味着延续诸子注重思想创造的传统。

以近代以来中西思想的互动为背景，“接着讲”无法回避中西思想之间的关系，在中西之学已相遇的背景下，“接着讲”同时展开为中西之学的交融，从更深的层次看，这种交融具体展开为世界文化的建构和发展过程。

中国思想传统与西方的思想传统都构成了世界文化的重要资源，而世界文化的发展，则以二者的互动为其重要前提。

这一意义上的“新子学”，同时展现为世界文化发展过程中创造性的思想系统。

相对于传统的诸子之学，“新子学”无疑获得了新的内涵与新的形态。

“照着讲”与“接着讲”二者无法分离。

从逻辑上说，任何新思想的形成，都不能从“无”开始，它总是基于既有的思想演进过程，并需要对既有思想范围进行反思批判。

“照着讲”的意义，在于梳理以往思想发展过程，打开前人思想的丰富内容，由此为后继的思想提供理论之源。

在此意义上，“照着讲”是“接着讲”的出发点。

【阅读】2018年高考英语北京卷阅读理解

2018北京卷阅读理解AMy First Marathon(马拉松)A month before my first marathon, one of myankles was injured and this meant not runningfor two weeks, leaving me only two weeks totrain. Yet, I was determined to go ahead.I remember back to my 7th year in school. In myfirst P.E. class, the teacher required us to run lapsand then hit a softball. I didn’t do either well. Helater informed me that I was“not athletic”.The idea that I was“not athletic”stu ck with mefor years. When I started running in my 30s, Irealized running was a battle against myself, notabout competition or whether or not I wasathletic. It was all about the battle against myown body and mind. A test of wills!The night before my marat hon, I dreamt that Icouldn’t even find the finish line. I woke upsweating and nervous, but ready to prove something to myself.Shortly after crossing the start line, my shoelaces (鞋带) became untied. So I stopped to readjust. Not the start I wanted!At mile 3, I passed a sign, “GO FOR IT, RUNNERS!"By mile 17, I became out of breath and the onceinjured ankle hurt badly. Despite the pain, Istayed the course walking a bit and then running again.By mile 21, I was starving!As I approached mile 23, I could see my wifewaving a sign. She is my biggest fan. She neverminded the alarm clock sounding at 4 a.m. orquestioned my expenses on running.I was one of the final runners to finish. But Ifinished! And I got a medal. In fact, I got the samemedal as the one that the guy who came in firstplace had.Determined to be myself, move forward, free ofshame and worldly labels (世俗标签), I can now call myselfa“marathon winner”.36. A month before the marathon, the author.A. was well trainedB. felt scaredC. made up his mind to runD. lost hope37. Why did the author mention the P.E. class inhis 7th year?A. To acknowledge the support of his teacher.B. To amuse the readers with a funny story.C. To show he was not talented in sports.D. To share a precious memory.38. How was t he author’s first marathon?A. He made it.B. He quit halfway.C. He got the first prize.D. He walked to the end.39. What does the story mainly tell us?A. A man owes his success to his family support.B. A winner is one with a great effort of will.C. Failure is the mother of success.D. One is never too old to learn.答案:36-39 CCAB2018北京卷阅读理解BFind Your Adventure at the Space andAviation (航空) Center If you’re looking for a unique adventure, theSpace and Aviation Center (SAC) is the place tobe. The Center offers programs designed tochallenge and inspire with hands-on tasks andlots of fun.More than 750, 000 have graduated from SAC,with many seeking employment in engineering,aviation, education, medicine and a wide varietyof other professions. They come to camp,wanting to know what it is like to be an astronautor a pilot, and they leave with real-worldapplications for what they’re studying in theclassroom.For the trainees, the programs also offers a greatway to earn meritbadges (荣誉徽章). At Space Camp, trainees can earn their Space Explorationbadge as they build and fire model rockets, learnabout space tasks and try simulated (模拟) flyingto space with the crew from all over the world.The Aviation Challenge program gives traineesthe chance to earn their Aviation badge. Theylearn the principles of night and test theiroperating skills in the cockpit(驾驶舱) of a varietyof flight simulators. Trainees also get a good starton their Wilderness Survival badge as they learnabout water-and land-survival through designedtasks and their search and rescue of“downed”pilot.With all the programs, teamwork is key as trainees learn the importance of leadership andbeing part of a bigger task.All this fun is available for ages 9 to 18. Familiescan enjoy the experience together, too, withFamily Camp programs for families with childrenas young as 7.Stay an hour or stay a week—there is somethinghere for everyone!For more details, please visit us online at www. oursac. com.40. Why do people come to SAC?A. To experience adventures.B. To look for jobs in aviation.C. To get a degree in engineering.D. To learn more about medicine.41. To earn a Space Exploration badge, a traineeneeds to.A. fly to spaceB. get an Aviation badge firstC. study the principles of flightD. build and fire model rockets42. What is the most important for trainees?A. Leadership.B. Team spirit.C. Task planning.D. Survival skills.答案:40-42 ADB2018北京卷阅读理解CPlastic-Eating WormsHumans produce more than 300 million tons ofmore than 300 million tons of plastic every year.Almost half of that winds up in landfills(垃圾填埋场), and up to 12 million tons pollute the oceans.So far there is no effective way to get rid of it, buta new study suggests ananswer may lie in the stomachs of some hungry worms.Researchers in Spain and England recently foundthat the worms of the greater wax moth canbreak down polyethylene, which accounts for40% of plastics. The team left 100 wax worms ona commercial polyethylene shopping bag for 12hours, and the worms consumed and broke down about 92 milligrams, or almost 3% of it. Toconfirm that the worms’chewing alone was notresponsible for the polyethylene breakdown, theresearchers made some worms into paste (糊状物)and applied it to plastic films. 14 hours later the films had lost 13% of their mass—apparentlybroken down by enzymes (酶) from the worms’stomachs. Their findings were published in Current Biology in 2017.Federica Bertocchini, co-author of the study, saysthe worms’ability to break down their everyday food —beeswax—also allows themto break down plastic.“Wax is a complex mixture, butthe basic bond in polyethylene, the carbon-carbon bond, is there as well,”she explains,“The wax worm evolved a method or system tobreak this bond.”Jennifer DeBruyn, a microbiologist at theUniversity of Tennessee, who was not involved inthe study, says it is not surprising that suchworms can break down polyethylene. Butcompared with previous studies, she finds thespeed of breaking down in this one exciting. Thenext step, DeBruyn says, will be to identify thecause of the breakdown. Is it anenzymeproduced by the worm itself or by its gut microbes(肠道微生物)?Bertocchini agrees and hopes her team’s findingsmight one day help employ the enzyme to breakdown plastics in landfills. But she expects usingthe chemical in some kind of industrial process—not simply“millions of worms thrown on topof the plastic.”43. What can we learn about the worms in thestudy?A. They take plastics as their everyday food.B. They are newly evolved creatures.C. They can consume plastics.D. They wind up in landfills.44. According to Jennifer DeBruyn, the next stepof the study is to.A. identity other means of the breakdownB. find out the source of the enzymeC. confirm the research findingsD. increase the breakdown speed45. It can be inferred from the last paragraphthat the chemical might.A. help to raise wormsB. help make plastic bagsC. be used to clean the oceansD. be produced in factories in future46. What is the main purpose of the passage?A. To explain a study method on worms.B. To introduce the diet of a special worm.C. To present a way to break down plastics.D. To propose new means to keep eco-balance.答案:43-46 CBDC2018北京卷阅读理解DPreparing Cities for Robot Cars The possibility of self-driving robot cars has oftenseemed like a futurist’s dream, years away frommaterializing in the real world. Well, the future isapparently now. The California Department ofMotor Vehicles began giving permits in April forcompanies to test truly self-driving cars on publicroads. The state also cleared the way forcompanies to sell or rent out self-driving cars,and for companies to operate driverless taxiservices. California, it should be noted, isn’tleading the way here. Companies have beentesting their vehicles in cities across the country. It’s hard to predict when driverless cars will beeverywhere on our roads. But however long ittakes, the technology has the potential to changeour transportation systems and our cities, forbetter or for worse, depending on how thetransformation is regulated.While much of the debate so far has beenfocused on the safety of driverless cars(andrightfully so), policymakers also should betalkingabout how self-driving vehicles can helpreduce traffic jams, cut emissions (排放) and offer more convenient, affordable mobility options.The arrival of driverless vehicles is a chance tomake sure that those vehicles areenvironmentally friendly and more shared.Do we want to copy—or even worsen—thetraffic of today with driverless cars? Imagine afuture where most adults own individualself-driving vehicles. They tolerate long, slow journeys to and from work on packed highwaysbecause they can work, entertain themselves orsleep on the ride, which encourages urbanspread. They take their driverless car to anappointment and set the empty vehicle to circlethe building to avoid paying for parking. Insteadof walking a few blocks to pick up a child or thedry cleaning, they send the self-driving minibus.The convenience even leads fewer people to takepublic transport—an unwelcome side effectresearchers have already found in ride-hailing(叫车) services.A study from the University of California at Davissuggested that replacing petrol-powered privatecars worldwide with electric, self-driving andshared systems could reduce carbon emissionsfrom transportation 80% and cut the cost oftransportation infrastructure(基础设施) and operations 40% by 2050. Fewer emissions andcheaper travel sound pretty appealing. The firstcommercially available driverless cars willalmost certainly be fielded by ride-hailingservices, considering the cost ofself-drivingtechnology as well as liability and maintenanceissues(责任与维护问题)，But driverless carownership could increase as the prices drop andmore people become comfortable with thetechnology.Policymakers should start thinking now abouthow to make sure the appearance of driverlessvehicles doesn’t extend the worst aspects of thecar-controlled transportation system we havetoday. The coming technological advancementpresents a chance for cities and states to developtransportation systems designed to move morepeople, and more affordably. The car of thefuture is coming. We just have to plan for it. 47. According to the author, attention should bepaid to how driverless cars can.A. help deal with transportation-relatedproblemsB. provide better services to customersC. cause damage to our environmentD. make some people lose jobs48. As for driverless cars, what is the author’smajor concern?A. Safety.B. Side effects.C. Affordability.D. Management.49. What does the underlined word“fielded”in Paragraph 4 probably mean?A. Employed.B. Replaced.C. Shared.D. Reduced.50. What is the author’s attitude to the future of self-driving cars?A. Doubtful.B. Positive.C. Disapproving.D. Sympathetic.答案:47-50 ADAB。

2018年江苏高考阅读B篇解析及全文翻译

2018年江苏高考阅读B篇解析及全文翻译(总4页)--本页仅作为文档封面，使用时请直接删除即可----内页可以根据需求调整合适字体及大小--2018年江苏高考英语阅读B篇解析及全文翻译原文：In the 1760s, Mathurin Roze opened a series of shops that boasted (享有) a special meat soup called consommé. Although the main attraction was the soup, Roze’s chain shops also set a new standard for dining out, which helped to establish Roze as the inventor of the modern restaurant.Today, scholars have generated large amounts of instructive research about restaurants. Take visual hints that influence what we eat: diners served themselves about 20 percent more pasta (意大利面食) when their plates matched their food. When a dark-colored cake was served on a black plate rather than a white one, customers recognized it as sweeter and more tasty.Lighting matters, too. When Berlin restaurant customers ate in darkness, they couldn’t tell how much they’d had: those givenextra-large shares ate more than everyone else, but were none the wiser--they didn’t feel fuller, and they were just as ready f or dessert.Time is money, but that principle means different things for different types of restaurants. Unlike fast-food places, fine dining shops prefer customers to stay longer and spend. One way to encourage customers to stay and order that extra round: put on some Mozart (莫扎特). When classical, rather than pop, music was playing, diners spent more. Fast music hurried diners out. Particular scents alsohave an effect: diners who got the scent of lavender (薰衣草) stayed longer and spent more than those who smelled lemon, or no scent.Meanwhile, things that you might expect to discourage spending -- “bad” tables, crowding, high prices -- don’t necessarily. Dinersat bad tables -- next to the kitchen door, say -- spent nearly as much as others but soon fled. It can be concluded that restaurant keepers need not “be overly concerned about ‘bad’ tables,” given that they’re profitable. As for crowds, a Hong Kong study found that they increased a restaurant’s reputation, suggesting great food at fair prices. A nd doubling a buffet’s price led customers to say that its pizza was 11 percent tastier.58. The underlined phrase “none the wiser” in paragraph 3 most probably implies that the customers were ________.A. not aware of eating more than usualB. not willing to share food with othersC. not conscious of the food qualityD. not fond of the food provided59. How could a fine dining shop make more profit?A. Playing classical music.B. Introducing lemon scent.C. Making the light brighter.D. Using plates of larger size.60. What does the last paragraph talk about?A. Tips to attract more customers.B. Problems restaurants are faced with.C. Ways to improve restaurants’ reputation.D. Common misunderstandings about restaurants.解析：58. 选A关键句：When Berlin restaurant customers ate in darkness, they couldn’t tell how much they’d had: those given extra-large shares ate more than everyone else, but were none the wiser--they didn’t feel fuller, and they were just as ready for dessert.翻译：当柏林餐馆的食客在黑暗的环境中用餐时，他们不知道自己已经吃了多少；那些得到超大份食物的人比其他人吃得更多，可没有一个人意识到这一点--他们没有觉得更饱，而且他们还要点甜点。

高考英语阅读理解精讲

Mr.Clemens
WWⅠ Battlefields and Paris (WBP)
On Monday we travel to London. After staying overnight in London, we travel on Day 2 to northern France to visit the World War Ⅰ battlefields. On day 3 we cross into Belgium. Thursday sees us make the short journey to Paris where we will visit Disneyland Paris park, staying until late to see the parade and the fireworks. Our final day, Friday, sees us visit central Paris and tour the main sights.
① 我们许多人喜欢七月，因为这是自然界中浆果和石果收获的月份。这些来自不列颠哥伦比亚省（加拿大西部的一个省）田园里五颜六色的“宝石”构成了营养保护的小天地。 ② 在普通浆果中，尽管覆盆子（树莓）的种子中含有更多的蛋白质、铁和锌（树莓不含有大量的蛋白质）但草莓中的维生素C含量最高。蓝莓抗氧化剂含量特别高。例如桃子这样黄色和橙色的水果中类胡萝卜素含量高，人们可以把它们变成维生素A和抗氧化剂。至于樱桃，谁在乎它们好不好吃呢？然而，它们富含维生素C。
D 参观一战战场
23. How long does Potty about Potter last?
Two days
A
Five days
C
Four days

(全)高考英语阅读理解真题(2018-19全国卷3B篇)详解

高考英语阅读理解真题（2018—19全国卷3B篇）详解2018Cities usually have a good reason for being where they are, like a nearby port or river. People settle in these places because they are easy to get to and naturally suited to communications and trade. New York City, for example, is near a large harbour at the mouth of the Hudson River. Over 300 years its population grew gradually from 800 people to 8 million. But not all cities develop slowly over a long period of time. Boom towns grow from nothing almost overnight. In 1896, Dawson, Canada, was unmapped wilderness(荒野). But gold was discovered there in 1897, and two years later, it was one of the largest cities in the West, with a population of 30,000.Dawson did not have any of the natural conveniences of cities like London or Paris. People went there for gold. They travelled over snow-covered mountains are sailed hundreds of miles up icy rivers. The path to Dawson was covered with thirty feet of wet snow that could fall without warning. An avalanche(雪崩) once closed the path, killing 63 people. For many who made it to Dawson, however, therewards were worth the difficult trip. Of the first20000 people who dug for gold, 4,000 got rich. About 100 of these stayed rich men for the rest of their lives.But no matter how rich they were, Dawson was never comfortable. Necessities like food and wood were very expensive. But soon, the gold that Dawson depended on had all been found. The city was crowded with disappointed people with no interest in setting down, and when they heard there were new gold discoveries in Alaska, they left Dawson City as quickly as they had come. Today, people still come and go to see where the Canadian gold rush happened. Tourism is now the chief industry of Dawson City-its present population is 762.24. What attracted the early settlers to New York City?A. Its business culture.B. Its small population.C. Its geographical position.D. Its favourable climate25. What do we know about those who first dug for gold in Dawson?A. Two-thirds of them stayed there.B. One out of five people got rick.C. Almost everyone gave upD. Half of them died.26. What was the main reason for many people to leave Dawson?A. They found the city too crowded.B. They wanted to try their luck elsewhere.C. They were unable to stand the winter.D. They were shot of food.27. What is the text mainly about?A. The rise and fall of a cityB. The gold rush in Canada.C. Journeys into the wilderness.D. Tourism in Dawson.答案24答案C,推理判断题。

2018全国高考英语II卷：阅读理解B详解(北京四中详解版)

2018全国高考英语II卷：阅读理解B详解（北京四中详解版）北京四中高三英语教研室整理真题呈现Many of us love July because it’s the month when nature’s berries and stone fruits are in abundance.These colourful and sweet jewels form British Columbia’s fields are little powerhouses of nutritional protection.Of the common berries, strawberries are highest in vitamin C, although, because of their seeds, raspberries contain a little more protein (蛋白质), iron and zinc (not that fruits have much protein). Blueberries are particularly high in antioxidants (抗氧化物质). The yellow and orange stone fruits such as peaches are high in the carotenoids we turn into vitamin A and which are antioxidants. As for cherries (樱桃), they are so delicious who cares? However, they are rich in vitamin C.When combined with berries of slices of other fruits, frozen bananas make an excellent base for thick, cooling fruit shakes and low fat ”ice cream”. For this purpose, select ripe bananas for freezing as they are much sweeter. Remove the skin and place them in plastic bags or containers and freeze. If you like, a squeeze of fresh lemon juice on the bananas will prevent them turning brown. Frozen bananas will last several weeks, depending on their ripeness and the temperature of the freezer.If you have a juicer, you can simply feed in frozen bananas and some berries or sliced fruit.Out comes a “soft-serve” creamy dessert, to be eaten right away. This makes a fun activity for a children’s party; they love feeding the fruit and frozen bananas into the top of the machine and watching the ice cream come out below.24. What does the author seem to like about cherries?A. They contain protein.B. They are high in vitamin A.C. They have a pleasant taste.D. They are rich in antioxidants.25. Why is fresh lemon juice used in freezing bananas?A. To make them smell better.B. To keep their colour.C. To speed up their ripening.D. To improve their nutrition.26. What is “a juicer” in the last paragraph?A. A dessert.B. A drink.C. A container.D. A machine.27.From which is the text probably taken?A. A biology textbook.B. A health magazine.C. A research paper.D. A travel brochure.正确答案：24.C ; 25.B ; 26.D ; 27.B答案解析：24. What does the author seem to like about cherries?作者似乎喜欢樱桃的什么？A. They contain protein. 它们含有蛋白质。