2词汇lexicologytest2
学术英语词汇 新课标二级词汇
学术英语词汇新课标二级词汇本文档旨在介绍学术英语词汇新课标二级词汇，提供对这些词汇的简要解释和示例。
以下是一些常见的学术英语词汇，让我们一起来了解一下：1. Abstract (n.) - 摘要- A brief summary of the main points of a research paper or article.- Example sentence: The abstract of the paper provided a concise overview of the study's findings.2. Analysis (n.) - 分析- The process of examining something in detail, typically to understand its structure or to identify patterns or relationships.- Example sentence: The data analysis revealed interesting trends in the participants' responses.3. Hypothesis (n.) - 假设- A proposed explanation or prediction that can be tested through research or experimentation.- Example sentence: The researchers formulated a hypothesis to investigate the effects of exercise on cognitive function.4. Methodology (n.) - 方法论- The systematic approach used to conduct research or solve a problem.- Example sentence: The study's methodology involved surveying a sample of 100 participants.5. Validity (n.) - 有效性- The extent to which a measure or experiment accurately measures what it intends to.- Example sentence: The researchers considered the validity of their questionnaire by assessing its reliability and relevance to the study.6. Conclusion (n.) - 结论- The final decision or judgment reached after considering all the facts and evidence.- Example sentence: Based on the data analysis, the researchers drew the conclusion that there was a significant correlation between sleep duration and academic performance.7. Citation (n.) - 引用- A reference to a source of information, typically in a formal academic document.- Example sentence: The author cited several studies to support the arguments presented in the research paper.这些是学术英语词汇新课标二级词汇的简要解释和示例。
高中英语模块二重点单词
高中英语模块二重点单词1. Vocabulary:Vocabulary refers to the body of words used in a particular language or by a particular person or group of people. It plays a crucial role in language development and communication. Students are encouraged to expand their vocabulary by learning new words, understanding their meanings, and using them correctly in sentences. Building a strong vocabulary allows students to express themselves effectively and understand the written and spoken language more comprehensively.2. Synonym:A synonym is a word or phrase that has the same or similar meaning as another word. Learning synonyms helps students enhance their vocabulary and avoid repetition in their writing and speaking. For example, the word "happy" can be replaced with synonyms like "joyful," "delighted," or "content."3. Antonym:An antonym is a word that has the opposite meaning of another word. Understanding antonyms is important as it helps students comprehend texts, expand their vocabulary, and improve their overall language skills. For instance, the word "hot" has an antonym "cold."4. Homonym:A homonym is a word that sounds the same as another word but has a different meaning. Homonyms can cause confusion if not used correctly. For example, "two" and "to" sound the same but have different meanings and are used in different contexts.5. Homophone:A homophone is a word that sounds the same as another word but has a different meaning and spelling. Similar to homonyms, homophones can create confusion if not properly understood. Examples of homophones include "there," "their," and "they're."6. Idiom:An idiom is a group of words that has a different meaning from the literal meanings of its individual words. Idioms are often used in informal language and can be challenging for non-native English speakers to understand. Learning idioms helps students comprehend native speakers and express themselves morefluently. For instance, the idiom "break a leg" means "good luck."7. Collocation:Collocation refers to the combination of words that often occur together in a language. Understanding collocations helps students produce more natural-sounding English. For example, native English speakers use the collocation "make a decision" instead of "do a decision."8. Prefix:A prefix is a word part added at the beginning of a word to change or enhance its meaning. By understanding prefixes, students can decipher the meaning of unfamiliar words more easily. For example, the prefix "un-" changes the word "happy" into "unhappy," meaning not happy.9. Suffix:A suffix is a word part added at the end of a word to change its meaning or form a new word. Learning suffixes helps students expand their vocabulary and understand word families. For example, the suffix "-able" added to the word "read" forms "readable," meaning capable of being read.10. Root Word:A root word is the basic form of a word from which other words are formed. By recognizing root words, students can understand and learn new vocabulary more effectively. For example, the root word "bio" means life, and many words related to biology, such as "biology" and "biography," stem from it.11. Adjective:An adjective is a word that describes or modifies a noun or a pronoun. Adjectives help to provide more information about nouns, making language more descriptive and interesting. For example, in the sentence "The beautiful sunset," "beautiful" is the adjective that describes the noun "sunset."12. Adverb:An adverb is a word that describes or modifies a verb, an adjective, or another adverb. Adverbs often tell us how, where, when, or to what extent something happens or is done. For example, in the sentence "She sings beautifully," "beautifully" is the adverb that describes the verb "sings."13. Conjunction:A conjunction is a word that connects clauses or sentences or words, phrases, or clauses together. Common conjunctions include "and," "but," "or," and "because." For example, in the sentence "I wanted to go to the party, but Iwas too tired," "but" is the conjunction that connects the two parts of the sentence.14. Preposition:A preposition is a word that shows the relationship between a noun or a pronoun and other words in the sentence. Prepositions often indicate location, time, or direction. For example, in the sentence "The cat is on the mat," "on" is the preposition that shows the location of the cat.15. Verb:A verb is a word that describes an action, occurrence, or state of being. Verbs are essential in constructing sentences as they indicate what the subject of the sentence is doing or experiencing. For example, in the sentence "She dances," "dances" is the verb that describes the action of the subject "She."16. Noun:A noun is a word that names a person, place, thing, or idea. Nouns are one of the most fundamental parts of speech and are essential for creating meaningful sentences. For example, in the sentence "The book is on the table," "book" and "table" are the nouns that represent the objects being referred to.17. Pronoun:A pronoun is a word that is used instead of a noun to avoid repetition or to make language more concise. Pronouns help to make sentences less repetitive and more engaging. For example, in the sentence "I saw him yesterday," "him"is the pronoun that replaces the noun to avoid repetition.18. Interjection:An interjection is a word or phrase that expresses strong emotion or surprise. Interjections are often followed by exclamation points and can stand alone or be part of a sentence. For example, "Wow!" or "Oops!" are interjections that express surprise or realization.19. Syntax:Syntax refers to the rules and structure that govern the arrangement of words and phrases in a sentence. Understanding syntax is crucial for constructing clear and coherent sentences. For example, the sentence "The dog barked" follows the basic syntax of subject-verb order.20. Punctuation:Punctuation includes the marks used in writing to separate sentences, clauses, and phrases, indicating pauses, and defining the structure and organization of text. Proper punctuation is essential for clear communication and understanding. For example, a period (.) is used to indicate the end of a sentence.21. Gerund:A gerund is a verb form that ends in -ing and functions as a noun in a sentence. Gerunds can act as the subject, object, or complement of a sentence. For example, in the sentence "Swimming is my favorite activity," "swimming" is the gerund functioning as the subject.22. Past Participle:A past participle is a verb form that typically ends in -ed, -d, -t, -en, or -n and is used to form perfect tenses, passive voice, and certain adjectives. For example, in the sentence "The cake has been baked," "baked" is the past participle used to express the passive voice.23. Infinitive:An infinitive is the basic form of a verb, usually preceded by "to" and functioning as a noun, adjective, or adverb. Infinitives are used to express purpose, intention, or possibility. For example, in the sentence "To learn English is my goal," "to learn" is the infinitive expressing purpose.24. Modal Verb:A modal verb is a type of verb that is used to express mood or attitude such as possibility, permission, or obligation. Common modal verbs include "can," "may," "must," and "should." For example, in the sentence "You should study for the exam," "should" is the modal verb expressing obligation.25. Active Voice:Active voice is a grammatical voice in which the subject of the sentence performs the action expressed by the verb. In active voice sentences, the subject is the doer of the action. For example, in the sentence "The teacher explains the lesson," "the teacher" is the subject and is performing the action of explaining.26. Passive Voice:Passive voice is a grammatical voice in which the subject of the sentence receives the action expressed by the verb. In passive voice sentences, the subject is the recipient of the action. For example, in the sentence "The lesson was explained by the teacher," "the lesson" is the subject and is receiving the action of explaining.27. Clause:A clause is a group of words that contains a subject and a verb and expresses a complete thought. Clauses can be main clauses or subordinate clauses. For example, in the sentence "When I arrive home, I will start cooking dinner," "When I arrive home" is a subordinate clause and "I will start cooking dinner" is the main clause.28. Phrase:A phrase is a group of words that functions as a part of speech but does not contain a subject and verb. Phrases can be noun phrases, verb phrases, adjective phrases, or adverb phrases. For example, in the sentence "The book on the table is interesting," "on the table" is an adverb phrase modifying the noun "book."29. Sentence:A sentence is a group of words that expresses a complete thought and contains a subject and a predicate. Sentences can be simple, compound, complex, or compound-complex. For example, "I study English every day" is a simple sentence with one independent clause.30. Paragraph:A paragraph is a section of text that consists of one or more sentences dealing with a single topic. Paragraphs are used to organize ideas and make the text more readable. For example, a paragraph in an essay may discuss a specific point or provide examples to support a thesis.31. Essay:An essay is a piece of writing that is usually written from a personal point of view and presents the writer's argument or analysis. Essays are commonly used in academic settings to assess a student's understanding of a subject. For example, a persuasive essay aims to convince the reader to agree with the writer's viewpoint.32. Report:A report is a written document that presents information or findings on a specific topic or issue. Reports are often used in business, academic, or scientific contexts to provide detailed and factual information. For example, a research report presents the methodology, results, and conclusions of a study.33. Summary:A summary is a brief statement or restatement of the main points of a text, speech, or conversation. Summaries are used to concisely convey the most important information. For example, a book summary provides an overview of the plot, characters, and themes of the book.34. Note:A note is a short piece of writing that records information, reminders, or observations. Notes can be personal or professional and are used to capture key points or tasks. For example, a meeting note summarizes the discussions and decisions made during a business meeting.35. Letter:A letter is a written message from one person to another, typically sent through mail or email. Letters can be formal or informal and serve various purposes such as communication, complaint, or application. For example, a cover letter is a formal letter sent with a resume to apply for a job.。
新视野大学英语2(第三版第二册)期末单词复习资料
新视野大学英语2(第三版第二册)期末单词复习资料-CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1deceived into骗到referred to 指equipped with配备invests with投资于persist坚持compel强迫saddles with马鞍与interfere... with影响commence with从…开始distract... from分散derive... from从...得到expel...from费用equivalent等效elegant优雅的earnest 认真的ambitious有野心的witnessed 见证了speculate 推测wake 醒implicit隐式的inadequate不充分的immune 免疫bound绑定stable 稳定的flexible灵活的liable承担责任（to）compelling引人注目的precise精确的outstanding杰出的predict 预测boost提高defect缺陷oblige要求(obliged) applied应用referred参考in succession连续out of curiosity出于好奇by accident 偶然undertake承担calculate计算speculate推测(on) stand up for支持major in主修phase阶段frame框架insight洞察力shift转变（to）transform变换promote促进radical激进的explicit明确的competent主管agenda议程fertile肥沃的vivid生动的beneficial有益处的sole唯一的sensible明智的peculiar特有的allergic过敏label标签frame框架acquaint了解candidate候选人barrier障碍brand品牌analysis分析mystery神秘establishment建立destination目的地distinguish区分compare比较destruction破坏destructive具有破坏性的dominant占主导地位的unconscious无意识的sufficiency充足nproficiency精通prior to之前efficiency效率acquainting ourselves with认识自己swelling ourselves with自我膨胀consulting with商量adjust ourselves with 调整自己approve批准；赞成accelerate加速；促进soar高飞bitter苦的sour酸的reputation（极好）声誉（excellent -）romance传奇；浪漫proportion比例exposure暴露exception例外asset资产（essential -）至关重要的资产barrier障碍物gap缺口gaze at盯住nail down确定；达成协议ran into撞到；跑进moreover而且therefore因此instead替代proclaim宣告exclaim大叫claim要求attract吸引scatter分散（get scattered）得到分散disguise假装hinder阻碍(to)exceed超过capture捕获apart from除了heading for前进;朝thriving on以……成长thrive backing off反馈;退绕uncommon罕见的unique独特的weird怪异的out of curiosity出于好奇by accident偶然in succession连续地tempting吸引人的（to）outstanding杰出的compelling引人注目的；强迫stake赌注stalk追踪stale陈旧的v.& adj.immune to 免于fresh from 刚从…毕业fill with充满went along with结伴而行got away from逃离aquaint with使了解sadness悲哀distress危难disgust厌恶（to my -）令我厌恶的evidently明显地consequently因此subsequently随后pessimistic悲观的radical激进的optimistic乐观的disapproved不赞成approved被认可的proposed被提议的launched启动lodged递交;安顿labelled贴上标签的consulting咨询(with)insulting侮辱affirming肯定；断言recession衰退ingredient成分option选项assume假定；承担resume重新开始（doing sth.）attain达到retain保持implicit含蓄的derive源自（from）deprive剥夺distract转移doing its utmost尽了最大努力（to）taking stock审时度势（of）taking the initiative采取主动；带头invade侵入defy挑战；违抗hinder阻碍“upright”正直的；垂直explosive炸药urgent紧急的in favor of赞成in the form of的形式in the company of在公司的at odds with与…争执，意见不一致compact合同suspend推迟；使暂停contradict反驳；否认nourish滋养nevertheless 然而confusion困惑similarly 同样地recent最近remarkable treasurein fact事实上increasingly越来越多perhaps也许dominant pillar支柱。
文体学Chapter 2 LexicologyPPT精品文档61页
Lexicology 1. the composition of words– morphemic
devices 2. the meaning of words ---lexical devices
• 2.1 Morphemic devices
Morpheme is the smallest meaningful language unit, which cannot be devided into smaller unit without destroying or drastically altering the meaning.
---- Lexicology is concerned with the study of the meaning of words the composition of words. (Zhang Delu, 2019)
The purpose of lexicological study in relation to stylistics
• Deviation变异: linguistic features which depart from the norm or from the common core.
• Stylistic effects can be achieved by two major ways: P15
• ---by violating the existing norm, rules, principles and conventions
Introduction
Definition of Lexicology ---- Lexicology studies the choice of specific
2019版人教版新课标高中英语必修2第二册单词表-英译汉-默写
2019版新人教必修二单词unit1heritage n _______________________________creatively adv __________________creative adj __________________________temple n ____________relic n ____________mount n vt v __________________former adj ______________________clue n____________preserve vt n ______________________promote vt ________________cypress n ____app n _____________________________application n _________________________take part in ________________________give way to ____________balance n vt ____________________keep balance ________lead to ________dam n__________proposal n____________make a proposal ________protest n vt ______________________likely adj adv __________________turn to ______________committee n __________establishvt ____________limit n vt ____________________prevent vt ____________prevent…from…____________loss n ________contribution n ____________contribute vi ＆vt ________department n __________fund n ____________within prep &adv ___________________________ investigate vi ＆vt ____________issue n ________________________________ conduct n __________________________________ document n vt ____________________________________ donate vt __________________________________ donate…to…______________disappear vi ____________attempt vt ____________make sure ________________worthwhile adj ____________________download vt n ___________________________ republic n ______________professional adj n ____________________________ archaeologist n ____________entrance n ____________pyramid n ________________________process n vt __________________________overseas a dj adv __________________exit n vi＆vt ________________________sheet n __________________parade n vi _________________________mirror n ________roof n____________chiwen n ________dragon n __________forgive vt ＆vi vt ______________________ digital adj ________________image n ________cave n ________throughout prep ________________quality n adj ______________________________ all over the world ______________tradition n ____________________further adj ____________________________ historic adj ____________________________ opinion n ____________quote vt ________paraphrase n vi ＆vt ______________________ comparison n ________________contrast n vt ______________________identify vt ____________forever adv __________unit2poster n ____________illegal adj ______________illegally adv ______________hunt vt ＆vi vt ____________hunter n ____________immediately adv ____________species n ____________fin n __________on earth _______________________die out ____________alarming adj ________________alarm vt __________________________rate n __________________________rating n ____________extinct adj ____________extinction n ____________mass adj ________________________habitat n __________________________ aware adj ____________________aware of __________endanger vt ______________average n adj ___________________________ on average ____________prince n ____________make progress ____________concern vt ____________concerned adj ____________concerned about _________________________ living adj n __________________________ adapt vi ______________________adapt to ____________measure n __________________________ authority n ____________pressure n ____________under pressure ________________whale n ______________Tibetan antelope __________reserve n vt ___________________________ plain n __________________________________ make out ____________herd n ________observe vt __________________beauty n ________________remind vt __________remind sb of sb/sth ___________________fur n ________________sacred adj ______________shoot vt ＆vi ____________profit n ________watch over ______________day and night __________________attack n，vi ______________effective a dj ____________recover vi ______________________remove vt ____________intend vi __________________threat n ____________threaten vt ____________exist vi ____________harmony n ________goods n ________creature n ________deer n__________kangaroo n ____________reduce vt ____________due adj ________due to __________insect n ____________net n adj ________________neighbourhood n ______________binoculars n __________bird field guide ________search for ________dolphin n ____________Yangtze River dolphin ______________koala n __________stir vt ________stir up ____________emotion n ____________skin n______________unusual adj ______________unit3blog n vt ____________blog post ______________blogger n ____________engine n ________________search engine ______________________chat v i ________stream vt vi n ______________________________ identity n ____________identity card __________convenient adj ____________cash n ____________update vi n __________________________________database n____________software n____________network n vt vi _______________________________ stuck adj ____________________keep sb company ________surf vt ＆vi ________benefit n vt vi ____________________distance n ____________inspire vt ________________now that ____________access n vt _____________________________ charity n ______________________go through ______________tough adj ____________provincen ______________conference n __________________resident n adj _____________________________ plus c onj n prep __________________________ function n vi ________________________________ battery n ________________confirm vt __________Wi-Fi n ______________________________ press vt __________button n ____________file n ______________in shape ____________keep track of _______________________ discount n vt __________account n ________click vt ＆vi ____________privacy n ________theft n ______________rude adj ____________target n vt _______________________troll n____________________________ cyberbully n vt＆vi ______________false adj __________particular adj __________________ embarrassing adj ______________________ make fun of __________upset adj vt _________________guideline n ____________author n ________tip n __________________familiar adj ________keep (…) in mind____________define vt ____________________case n____________unit4Confucius n ____________mansion n ________cemetery n ________philosophy n ____________descendant n ____________individual adj ____________________heel n____________________________ Achilles' heel ________________________ kingdom n ________chief adj ______________________________ puzzle n ______________________________ nearby adj __________________________ loin…to…;__________________________ break away（from sb/sth）____________ belong vi ________________belong to ________________as well as __________________ currency n ____________military adj ____________defence n ________________legal adj ____________surround vt ________evidence n ________achievement n ____________location n ____________conquer vt ____________battle n _______________________port n ____________fascinating adj __________________keep your eyes open (for) __________ charge n vt __________________________ announce vt ____________amount n ____________gallery n ________________________ approach n vt vi _______________________ ensure n ____________landscape n ________________________ generous adj __________________butter n vt __________________honey n ____________ancestor n ________position n ____________courtyard n ________________snack n ________________eager adj ____________poet n____________county n ________________________________feast n ____________roll vi ＆vt n __________________________________ dot n __________________________cattle n __________roar vi &n ________ocean n ________scent n ________greet vi ________pub n ________wine n __________beer n____________stew n vt＆vi ________________________ custom n ____________sensory adj ____________striking adj ________________transition n ____________crowd n vt ________________________________ unit5classical adj ____________hip-hop n ________________techno n ______________________________energy n ____________soul n________bagpipes n ______________stringed adj ______stringed instrument ______________virtual adj ______________________virtual choir __________composition n ______________________________ opportunity n ________perform vt __________________performance n ____________performer n __________onto prep ________studio n ____________________________ordinary adj ____________enable vt ____________prove vt ________award vt ____________composer n ____________conductor n __________________________________ fall in love with ____________original adj ______________________________ phenomenon （pl) n ____________________stage n _____________________________ altogether adv ____________________thus a dv ________________band n ________________rap n vi＆vt ____________________________ nowadays adv ________gradual adj ____________capable adj ________________relief n ____________________________________ cure v t n ____________________________________ absorbed in sth/sb ________________previous a dj ____________________unemployed adj ____________romantic adj __________________album n __________________impact n ______________________aim n vi＆vt _____________________________set sth up ____________________equipment n ________________________try out ______________________talent n ____________piano n ____________________assume vt ________________addition n ______________in addition (to sb/sth) ________________disease n ________________ache vi ________________treatment n ____________from (then) on ____________lean v t ________________get through __________________moreover adv ________satisfaction n ____________being n ____________various adj ____________________somehow adv ______________________________ rhetorical adj ______________metaphor n ________________ personification n ______________ repetition n ________________ simile n ____________outline n ______________ reaction n ________________。
翻译资格证考试二级一百个必记词汇
第一组1.illogical 不合逻辑的2.Tyrannical 专制的3.Satirical 讽刺的4.Fanatical 狂热的，盲信的5.Prophetical 先知的6.Judicial 司法的7.Tropical 热带的8.Rhetorical 修辞学的，词句华丽的9.Fundamental 基本的10.Congenial 意气相投的11.Sentimental 感情上的12.Biological 生物学的13.Confidential 秘密的第二组1.Proficient 精通的，熟练的2.Benevolent 仁慈的3.Corpulent 肥大的4.Eminent 卓越的5.Abstinent 有节制的6.Inherent 天生的7.Reverent 恭恭敬敬的8.Impotent 无力的9.Deficient 不足的10.Prevalent 普遍的11.Insolent 粗野的，无礼的12.Succulent 多汁的13.Imminent 即将发生的14.Belligerent 好战的15.Coherent 连贯的tent 潜在的17.Eloquent 雄辩的第三组1.Invincible 不可战胜的2.Audible 听得见的3.Intelligible 可理解的4.Indelible 难忘的5.Inaccessible 不可达到的，不能获得的6.Plausible 可信的7.Flexible 灵活的8.Legible 可读的，易读的9.Incorrigible 根深蒂固的10.Fallible 容易犯错误的11.Negligible 微不足道的12.Intangible 无形的13.Perceptible可理解的14.Irresistible 不可抵抗的15.Susceptible 敏感的第四组1.Metallic 似金属的2.Sardonic 讥笑的3.Intrinsic 本质的4.Pathetic 可怜的5.Authentic 真正的6.Cosmic 宇宙的7.Emphatic 有力的8.Semantic 语义的9.Patriotic 爱国的10.Academic 学术的11.Eccentric 反常的12.Elastic 有弹性的13.Static 静态的第五组1.Angular 有棱角的2.Jutting 突出的3.Prickly 多刺的4.Coarse 粗鲁的5.Spongy 海绵状的6.Knobbed 多节的7.Fluffy 绒毛似的8.Ruffled 起皱的9.Scummy 满是浮渣的10.Translucent 半透明的11.Hideous丑恶的12.Tangled 紊乱的13.Cluttered 杂乱的14.Matted 蓬乱的15.Foamy 泡沫似的第六组1.Stifled窒息的2.Mushy 软糊状的3.Tepid 微温的4.Gritty 有沙的5.Pulpy 果肉状的6.Waxy 苍白的7.Shaggy 短粗的8.Stubby 粗糙的9.Smothering 令人窒息的10.Drenched 湿透的11.Splintered 碎片的12.Soupy 阴雨的第七组1.Acid 酸的2.Doughy 半熟的dewed 发了霉的4.Pungent 刺鼻的5.Stale 陈腐的6.Aromatic 芳香的7.Scented 有香味的8.Crusty 像壳一样硬的9.Rancid 腐臭的10.Stagnant 污浊的11.Moldy 发霉的12.Unpretentious 谦逊的13.Flirtatious 轻浮的14.Spineless 没有骨气的。
lexicology2词汇学练习及答案
Test of Lexicology 2I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that best completes the statement and put the letter in the bracket.1. Which words belong to the functional words ( A )A. prepositions, auxiliaries, conjunctionsB. articles, adjectives, pronounsC. adverbs, conjunctions, nounsD. prepositions, auxiliaries, verbs2. ___ are bound morphemes because they cannot be used as separate words.（ C ）A. RootsB. StemsC. AffixesD. Compounds3. A morpheme that can stand alone as a word is thought to be( C ). A．affixational B．derivational C．free D．bound4. A monomorphemic word is a word that consists of a single ( C ) morpheme.A. formalB. concreteC. freeD. bound5. Which of the following is NOT true ( B )A. A word is a soundunityB. A word has a given meaningC. A word is the smallest form of a languageD. A word can be used freely in a sentence6. The following words have derivational affixes Except________.( D )A.subseaB. prewarC.postwarD. desks7. Which of the following is not a compound ( B )A. swimming poolB. king-heartedC. greenhouseD. International8. The suffix “-tion” is a ____ suffix. ( D )A.adjectiveB. verbC.adverbD. noun9. From the sentenc es “Hand in your papers.” and “She papered the room green.”, we can see such a means of word formation as________. ( C )A.affixationB. compoundingC.conversionD. acronymy10. “mis-“ in “misunderstand” is a ____________ prefix. ( C )A．negative B. pejorative C. reversative D. locative11. Which of the following is not a major word-formation process ( D )A. CompoundingB. DerivationC. ConversionD. Coinage12. “Anti-” in “antihero” means______. ( A )A. “against”B. “unconventional”C. “of or belonging to the hypothetical world of antimatter”D. “not”13. “-able” in “fashionable” is a(an) _____ suffix. ( D )A. denominalB. deadjectivalC. deverbalD. noun-formingII. Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions.1. According to the functions of affixes, we can put them into two groups: inflectional and ____derivational______affixes.2. Bound morphemes include two types: bound root and ___affixes______.3. Words may fall into ___content _____words and functional words by notion.4. Generally, prefixes only modify the ___lexical meaning_____of the stem.5. Sometimes a word may undergo ____multiple______ conversion, which enables it to function as a member of several word-classes.6. Affixation can be subdivided into ____prefixation_________ and ____suffixation________.III. Term explanationpounding Compounding is a word-formation progress consisting ofjoining two or more bases to form a new unit, a compound word.2.Derivation Derivation is generally defined as word-formationprocess by which new words are created by adding a prefix, or suffix, or both, to the base. Derivation may be defined as process of forming new words by the additional of word element, such as prefix, suffix or combining form, to an already existing word.3.Conversion Conversion is a word formation process whereby a word ofa certain word-class is shifted into a word of another word-classwithout the addition of an affix.4.Word-formation rules The rules of word-formation define the scopeand method whereby speakers of a language may create new word.。
自考英语二 词汇
自考英语二词汇以下是自考英语二的部分词汇：absolute a.绝对的，无条件的abuse n./v.滥用academic a.学院的，学术的access n.通道，入径，接近account n.记述，报告，帐户accuracy n.准确(性)，准确度accurate a.正确的，精确的accuse v.指责，控告accustomed a.习惯的，惯常的achieve v.完成，实现，达到acknowledge v.承认，接受acquire v.取得，获得，学到activate v.刺激，使激活acute a.尖的，锐的，敏锐的；剧烈的，严重的adapt v.使适应，改编addition n.加，加法；附加物additional a.另外的，附加的address n.地址；演说；谈吐adjust v.调整，调节；适应administration n.管理；行政；经营admire v.钦佩，羡慕；赞美，夸奖admit v.承认，准许(入场、入学等)adopt v.采用，采纳；收养advance v./n.前进，进展；提前；预付advantage n.优点，优势；好处adventure n.冒险；惊险活动；奇遇advertise v.做广告，登广告；通知advice n.忠告，劝告；建议advise v.忠告，劝告；建议affair n.事情，事件；事务；私事；(复)事务affect v.影响；感动；(疾病)侵袭afford v.给予；提供；买得起agency n.(政府)代理机构；(企业)代办处agenda n.议事日程agent n.代理人，经纪人；原动力；作用剂aggressive a.侵略的，攻击性的；有闯劲的，积极进取的agree v.(to, with)同意；应允；赞成；(前后)一致aid n./v.帮助，援助；辅助物；助手alarm n.警报；惊恐；警报器album n.(粘贴)照片簿；集邮册；签名册alter v.改变，变更；改作alternative a.二者选一的，另一方的altitude n.(指海拔)海拔(高度)；高处；高度地区(指海拔 8000米以上的地区)。
自考英语二词汇
自考英语二词汇1. anticipate 预测，预料。
2. articulate 清晰地表达。
3. assess 评估，评定。
4. attribute 归因于，属于。
5. augment 增加，扩大。
6. benchmark 基准，标准。
7. bias 偏见，偏爱。
8. capacity 容纳能力，承载力。
9. capitalize 收益，利用。
10. cohesion 结合，凝聚力。
11. collaborate 携手合作，合作。
16. conceive 构想，想象。
17. confer 授予，颁发。
18. consolidate 巩固，合并。
19. constitute 组成，构成。
20. constrain 限制，约束。
21. contend 竞争，争夺。
22. converge 汇合，聚集。
23. criteria 标准，标准范围。
24. crucial 决定性的，至关重要的。
25. cumbersome 笨重的，麻烦的。
26. deficit 亏损，赤字。
27. deploy 部署，调动。
28. derive 获得，推导出。
29. designate 指定，任命。
30. dictate 规定，决定。
31. differentiate 区分，区别。
32. diffuse 扩散，传播。
33. diminish 减少，降低。
34. disperse 分散，散开。
35. diversity 多样性，差异。
36. domain 领域，范围。
37. dominant 支配的，卓越的。
38. duration 持续时间，期限。
39. dynamic 充满活力的，充满活力的。
40. economize 节省，节约。
41. efficient 效率高的，有效的。
42. elaborate 精心制作的，详细的。
43. elevate 提高，升高。
44. eliminate 消除，排除。
45. emphasize 强调，着重。
新视野大学英语读写教程第二册隐喻词汇表
新视野大学英语读写教程第二册隐喻词汇表BOOK IIallergica.1 (be ~ to sth.) (infml.) if you are allergic to sth., you do not like it and try to avoid it 不喜欢某事；对某事反感Most men are allergic to housework. 大多数男人都不喜欢做家务。
2 having an allergy 过敏的I do not enjoy picnics because I am allergic to grass. 我不喜欢野餐，因为我对草过敏。
deficitn. [C]1 a lack of a quality, skill, or ability that you should have （素质、技能或能力的）缺乏，不足knowledge/language/sleep deficit 知识/语言/睡眠的缺乏2 the amount by which sth. is less than you need or should have 赤字；亏损；逆差Owing to the heavy deficit, the company is apparently on the verge of bankruptcy. 由于巨额亏损，该公司很明显已到了破产的边缘。
Tax was low and state spending was high, which resulted in a budget deficit. 低税收和州政府的高支出导致了预算赤字scratchn. [C]1 (from ~) from a point where nothing has been there, so you have to do everything yourself 从零开始；从头开始；白手起家It may be the first time in years when you have had to start from scratch making new friends. 这可能是多年来的第一次你不得不从头开始结交新朋友。
英语二大纲词汇汇总
英语二大纲词汇汇总一、New words and expressionsNew words1. critical adj. 有推断力的；推断公正〔或审慎〕的2. non-fiction n. 纪实文学3. position n. 观点；态度；立场4. statement n. 说明；说法；表态5. question v. 表示疑问；疑心out of question / out of the question6. evaluate v. 估量；评价；评估7. context n. 事情发生的背景，环境，来龙去脉8. value n. values pl.]是非标准；价值观valuableinvaluable=pricelessvalueless9. represent v. 描述；表现representative adj./n.10. assertion n. 明确肯定；断言11. sufficient adj. 足够的；充分的sufficiencyinsufficient12. statistic n. statistics pl.]统计数字；统计资料13. integrate v.〔使〕合并，成为一体14. authority n.专家；学术权威；泰斗an/the authority on sth.authorize15. compare v. 比拟；比照compare A with Bcompare A to B16. subject n. 主题；题目；题材17. consistent adj. 相符的；符合的18. inconsistency n. 不一致19. assumption n. 假定；假设20. case n. 具体情况；事例in casein case of firein case that…a case in pointconfirmed/suspected cases21. directly adv. 直接地；径直地22. identify v. 找到；发觉23. valid adj. 符合逻辑的；合理的；确凿的validity n. 有效性，正确〔性〕invalid24. credible adj. 可信的；可靠的incredible=unbelievable25. landmark n.〔标志重要阶段的〕里程碑26. relevant adj. 紧密相关的；切题的relevancy n. 关联；恰当irrelevant27. current adj. 现时发生的；当前的28. appropriate adj. 适宜的；恰当的inappropriateIt's (not) appropriate that ….29. bias n. 偏见；偏心；偏向30. considerably adv. 非常；很；相当多地considerconsideringconsiderableconsiderateconsideration31. Democrat n. 〔美国〕民主党党员，民主党支持者民32. Republican n. 〔美国〕共和党党员，共和党支持者33. reflect v. 显示；说明；表达34. informed adj. 有学问的；有见识的well-informedill-informedPhrases and Expressions1. apply to 使用；应用2. put forth 提出；产生3. take …into account 考虑到；顾及4. accept/take …at face value 信任外表；信以为真5. with a grain of salt 有保存地；持疑心态度地二、New words and expressionsNew words1. spill v.〔使〕洒出，泼出，溢出2. respond v. 作出反响；响应respond to…response3. interview v. 〔媒体〕采访，访问4. creative adj. 创作的5. occur v. 发生；出现It occurred to me that…6. remove v. 拿开；去掉7. refrigerator n. 冰箱8. grip n. 紧握；紧抓9. slippery adj. 滑的；滑得抓不住〔或站不稳、难以行走〕10. content n. 所容纳之物；所含之物11. veritable adj. 十足的；名副其实的；不折不扣的12. yell v. 叫喊；大喊；吼叫13. lecture n.〔冗长的〕教训，训斥，责备14. mess n. 肮脏；杂乱；不整洁15. rarely adv. 罕有；很少；不常rare animals / stampsRarely is he late for class.16. puddle n. 水洼；小水坑17. eventually 最后；总算18. restore v. 使复原；使复位；使复职19. sponge n. 海绵块20. effectively adv. 有效地effectiveineffective注意区分：effective / efficient21. tiny adj. 极小的；微小的22. discover v. 了解到；认识到；查明discovery23. grasp v. 抓紧；抓牢24. lip n.〔容器或凹陷地方的)边，边沿25. renowned adj. 有名的；闻名的；受尊敬的26. remark v. 谈论；评论27. opportunity n. 时机；时机28. scientific adj. 科学〔上〕的；关于科学的sciencescientist例如：The medical science is making great progress in the treatment of cancer.You should provide scientific evidence instead of subjective evidence to prove this theory holds water.Several world-renowned scientists will be invited to attend the forum.29. valuable adj. 很有用的；很重要的；珍贵的Phrases and Expressions1. in this manner 用这种方法2. set…apart from 区别；使与众不同三、New words and expressionsNew words1. reflection n. 〔关于某主题的〕思考，回忆2. loyalty n. 忠诚；忠实；忠心耿耿3. recognize v. 成认；意识到4. betray v. 辜负；对…不忠5. indeed adv. 其实；实际上6. virtue n. 高尚的道德；正直的品性；德行7. trend n. 趋势；趋向；倾向；动态；动向8. befriend v. 做〔尤指需要援助者的〕朋友；友善相待9. request v. 〔礼貌或正式地〕请求，要求10. trendy adj. 时髦的；赶时髦的11. multitude n. 众多；大量12. mutual adj. 共有的；共同的mutual respect / understanding辨析：mutual / manual / manure / mature / menu / mental13. term n. 词语；术语：措辞14. site n. 网站；站点15. acronym n. 首字母缩略词16. perish v. 丧失；湮灭；消灭17. thought n. 想法；看法；主意；记忆18. gossip n. 流言蜚语19. challenge v. 考查…的能力；考验…的技巧20. akin adj. 相似的；类似的21. deposit n. 存款22. account n. 账户accountantcurrent accountdeposit account23. interest n. 利息24. well-being n. 健康；安乐；康乐25. welfare n. 〔个体或群体的〕幸福，平安与健康26. essence n. 本质；实质；精髓27. seek v. 寻觅28. notoriety n. 恶名；坏名声notorious 相当于infamous29. premise n. 前提；假定；30. exploit v. 利用〔…为自己谋利〕31. reconnect v. 再联系；再联络32. virtual adj. 〔通过计算机软件，如在因特网上〕模拟的，虚拟的33. assure v. 使确信；向…保证assure X. of sth.assure X. that…34. caution n. 警告；告诫35. lyric n. 歌词36. undisputed adj. 不容置疑的；毫无疑问的；不可争辩的37. generation n. 〔统称〕一代人，同代人，同辈人generation gapfour generations living under the same roofPhrases and Expressions1. stick by 坚持忠于；不离不弃〔某人〕2. through thick and thin 不畏困难险阻go through thick and thin3. lead to 导致，造成〔后果〕4. a multitude of 众多的；大量的5. perish the thought 甭想了；但愿不会如此6. engage in 〔使〕从事，参加7. in essence 本质上8. assure…of…使放心；向…保证9. pay attention to 注意10. warn…of…警告某人某事四、New words and expressionsNew words1. blessing n. 好事；有益之事2. subsistence n. 牵强维持生活；生计3. sugar cane n. 甘蔗4. corn n. 玉米5. hog n. 猪6. cash n. 现金7. dairy adj. 乳品业的；生产乳品的n. 牛奶场；乳制品区分：dairy / diary8. complain v. 抱怨；埋怨；发牢骚complaintcomplain to X. about sth.complain of a splitting headache9. carpenter n. 木工；木匠10. committed adj. 尽心尽力的：坚信的；坚决的commit an errorcommit a crimecommit Xcommit oneself to (doing) sth.be committed to (doing) sth.commitment11. brick n. 砖；砖块12. hammer n. 锤子；榔头13. escort n. 护送者；迎战队14. remind v. 提示；使想起15. victim n. 受害者；牺牲品fall victim to sth.16. ideology n. 意识形态：观念形态17. terrorism n. 恐惧主义18. depression n. 萧条期；经济衰退；不景气depressdepressed 沮丧的；萧条的19. unrest n. 动乱；动乱；骚动20. illegal adj. 不合法的；非法的；违法的il是in的变体，否认前缀，再如：illogicalir, im都是in的变体，如：irregular, irresponsible, imbalanced, impossible, immobile21. immigrant n.〔外来〕移民；外侨22. trafficking n. 非法交易；非法买卖c结尾的词变形时先加k，如trafficker, panicker, picnicker, trafficking, panicking 23. dealer n. 贩毒者；X贩子deal in sth.car / drug dealerdeal with sth.24. gang n. 一帮，一群，一伙〔闹事、斗殴的年轻人〕25. contribute v. 增加；增进；添加〔到某物〕26. quit v. 停止；戒掉Phrases and Expressions1. bring in 赚得；挣2. eke out a living 尽力维持生计；牵强度日3. sink in 被完全理解；被充分意识到4. look forward to 〔快乐地〕盼望，期待5. over and over again 屡次；反复地；一再6. be prepared for 打算好；有所打算7. believe in 认为某事好〔对、可接受〕五、. New words and expressionsNew words1. transcend v. 超出，超越〔通常的界限〕2. incessantly adv. 不停地；延续不断地3. noisily adv. 喧闹地noisenoisy4. subtly adv. 不易发觉地；不明显地；微妙地5. enormity n. 庞大；深远影响；严峻性enormous6. burden n. 〔义务、责任等的〕重担，负担7. belief n. 信任；信心believebelievableunbelievablediXelief8. unique adj. 唯—的；独—无二的；独特的9. affliction n. 折磨；痛苦10. especially adv. 尤其；特别；格外11. tribe n. 部落12. species n. 种，物种〔分类上小于属〕13. discipline n. X力；遵守纪律14. confront v. 处理，解决〔问题或困境〕15. evoke v. 引起，唤起〔感情、记忆或形象〕16. grief n. 〔尤指因某人去世引起的〕悲伤，悲哀，伤心17. guilt n. 内疚；悔恨guiltybe guilty ofbe / feel guilty about18. anxiety n. 焦虑；忧虑anxious19. anguish n. 剧痛；极度痛苦；苦恼20. despair n. 无望21. uncomfortable adj.〔使〕焦虑的，为难的，畏惧的，不自在的22. physical adj. 身体的；肉体的；躯体的23. equal v. 比得上；敌得过24. conflict n. 冲突；争吵；争论25. engender v. 产生，引起〔某种感觉或情况〕26. pose v. 造成〔威胁、问题等〕；引起；产生27. distinguish v. 区分；区分；分清28. wisdom n. 智慧；才智；精明29. mentally adv. 精神上；智力上；思想上30. spiritually adv. 精神上；心灵上31. desire v. 渴望；期望32. deliberately adv. 成心；蓄意；存心33. instruct v. 教授；指导34. dread v. 非常畏惧；极为担忧Phrases and Expressions1. moan about 抱怨2. a series of 系列；连续3. because of 因为4. as well as 除…之外5. cutting edge 〔处于某事物开展的〕尖端，最前沿，领先阶段6. call forth 引起；使产生六、. New words and expressionsNew words1. stationery n. 文具同音词：stationary2. fare n. 车费；船费；飞机票价3. lump sum n. 一次总付的钱款4. recess n. 课间休息，5. allocate v. 拨〔给〕；划〔给〕；分配〔给〕6. overspend v. 花钱过多；比〔估计的〕花得多；超支注意over- / out-的区别：overeat outeatoverdo outdooversleep outliveoverweight outshine7. opt v. 选择；挑选optionoptional8. constraint n. 限制；限定；约束9. budget v. 慎重花钱；把…编入预算10. overindulge v. 过多地享用〔尤指食物或饮料〕11. short-sighted adj. 目光溜浅的；没有远见的12. mentality n. 心态；思想状况；思想方法13. sibling n. 兄；弟；姐；妹14. indulge v. 沉湎，沉迷，沉溺〔于…〕15. rationing n. 定量配给X；配给制16. principle n. 观念；〔行动、思想的〕理由，信条同音词：principal17. unnecessarily adv. 没必要地18. differentiate v. 区分；区别；区分differdifferentdifference19. inculcate v. 反复灌输；谆谆教导20. resist v. 忍住；抵挡resistantresistance21. temptation n. 引诱；诱惑22. scheme n. 方案；方案；体系；体制23. formation n. 组成；形成24. kindergarten n. 幼儿园25. monthly adj. 按月结算的；有效期为一个月的dailyweeklybiweeklymonthlyquarterlyyearlyPhrases and Expressions1. on a daily basis 每日地2. result in 导致3. pay off 付清；偿清4. within one's means 量入为出5. stand…in good stead 〔需要时〕对某人有用，对某人有利七、New words and expressionsNew words1. inner adj. 内心的；隐藏的2. precisely adv. 精确地；恰好地preciseprecision联想：accurate, accuracy比拟：simply, possibly, subtly, truly / definitely, rarely, fortunately, likely / luckily, heavily3. bombard v. 大肆抨击；连珠炮似地质问；提供过多信息，4. dreaded adj. 令人畏惧的；恐怖的5. small talk n. 寒喧；闲谈；聊天6. hesitation n. 犹豫hesitatehesitanthesitancy / hesitation7. wonder v. 想了解；想弄明白；琢磨n. 奇迹wonder wh-…do / work wonders / miracles8. prompt v. 促使；导致；激起9. complete adj. 〔用以强调〕完全的，彻底的10. upset adj. 伤心的；不快乐的；沮丧的11. roll v. 〔使〕翻滚，滚动12. despite prep. 即使；尽管despite / in spite of that fact that …13. feeble adj. 无效的；无力的14. attempt n./ v. 企图；试图；尝试attempted15. wipe v.〔用布、手等〕擦干净，抹掉16. profusely adv. 大量地；连连地17. address v. 写〔收信人〕姓名地址；致函18. receptionist n. 接待员19. attach v. 把…固定，把…附〔在…上〕attach …to…attached 依恋的；附加的；附属的attachment 依恋；附件20. emotion n. 强烈的感情；感情；情绪emotionalemotionless21. contain v. 操纵，克制，抑制〔感情〕22. apparently adv. 据…所知；看来；显然23. overwhelming adj. 庞大的；压倒性的；无法抗拒的overwhelming problemsan overwhelmed person联想：surprised / surprisingexcited / excitingamazed / amazingdisappointed / disappointingfrightened / frighting注意：excited eyes / expressions / looks24. scream v. 高声喊，大声叫Phrases and Expressions1. be lost in one's thought 陷入沉思2. break down 失败3. come up with 找到〔答案等〕；想出4. drop…off 〔顺路〕把…放下5. take one's own life 自杀6. in desperation 在无望中；走投无路7. care about X. 关怀；关怀8. take a chance 冒险9. make a difference 有作用；产生影响The Great Minds名人名言局部补充make A of BA famous quoteA pessimist makes difficulties of his opportunities; an optimist makes opportunities of his difficulties. ----Harry S. Truman悲观者让时机沦为困难；乐观者把困难铸成时机。
英语二单词词汇
英语二单词词汇1.Abide:忍受、遵守2.Acquaintance:相识的人、认识3.Allege:宣称、声称4.Amiable:可爱的、友好的5.Apathy:冷漠、无感情6.Arrogance:傲慢、自大7.Authentic:真实的、可靠的8.Blunder:大错、失误9.Brevity:简短、简洁10.Candid:坦白的、直率的11.Chaos:混乱、混杂12.Clumsy:笨拙的、不灵巧的13.Concede:承认、让步14.Conscience:良心、良知15.Deceptive:欺骗性的、虚伪的16.Delicate:精细的、微妙的17.Despair:绝望、失望18.Diligent:勤奋的、辛勤的19.Discreet:谨慎的、小心的20.Distrust:不信任、怀疑21.Eccentric:古怪的、离心的22.Enthusiasm:热情、狂热23.Envious:嫉妒的、羡慕的24.Ethical:道德的、伦理的25.Extravagant:奢侈的、铺张的26.Fluctuate:波动、起伏27.Frail:脆弱的、虚弱的28.Frivolous:轻浮的、琐碎的29.Genuine:真正的、真诚的30.Hostility:敌意、敌对31.Hypocrisy:虚伪、伪善32.Illogical:不合逻辑的、不合理的33.Imminent:即将发生的、迫在眉睫的34.Impartial:公正的、无偏见的35.Inevitable:不可避免的、必然的36.Inquisitive:好奇的、爱打听的37.Intimidate:威胁、恐吓38.Intrigue:阴谋、密谋39.Judicious:明智的、审慎的40.Kinship:血亲关系、亲密关系ment:哀悼、悲叹vish:浪费的、丰富的43.Mediocre:平凡的、普通的44.Melancholy:忧郁的、悲哀的45.Misconception:误解、错觉46.Naive:天真的、幼稚的47.Nostalgia:怀旧、怀念过去48.Oblivious:未察觉的、不注意的49.Obnoxious:讨厌的、令人不快的50.Omit:忽略、省略51.Optimism:乐观、乐观主义52.Pessimism:悲观、悲观主义53.Ponder:沉思、思考54.Pragmatic:实用的、务实的55.Prejudice:偏见、歧视56.Procrastinate:拖延、耽搁57.Profound:深刻的、深奥的58.Prolific:多产的、丰富的59.Prominent:突出的、重要的60.Prudent:谨慎的、精明的61.Quaint:古雅的、离奇的62.Rapture:狂喜、欣喜若狂63.Rash:轻率的、鲁莽的64.Reckless:鲁莽的、不顾后果的65.Redemption:赎回、救赎66.Refrain:抑制、避免67.Regret:后悔、懊悔68.Resentment:愤恨、怨恨69.Resilience:恢复力、适应力70.Resolute:坚决的、果断的71.Respective:分别的、各自的72.Retrospect:回顾、追溯73.Revelation:揭示、启示74.Rhetoric:修辞、华丽虚饰的语言75.Rigorous:严格的、严密的76.Sarcasm:讽刺、嘲讽77.Scrutiny:仔细检查、审查78.Serene:安静的、平和的79.Skeptical:怀疑的、持疑态度的80.Solitude:孤独、独处81.Spontaneous:自发的、自然的82.Stagnant:停滞的、不活跃的83.Stereotype:刻板印象、陈规旧习84.Subtle:微妙的、难以察觉的85.Superficial:肤浅的、表面的86.Suppress:压抑、抑制87.Susceptible:易受影响的、易受伤害的88.Tactful:圆滑的、得体的89.Tenacious:坚定的、顽强的90.Transparency:透明度、公开性91.Trivial:琐碎的、不重要的92.Tumultuous:喧嚣的、骚动的93.Ubiquitous:无处不在的、普遍存在的94.Unanimous:一致的、一致同意的95.Unconventional:非传统的、不拘一格的96.Undermine:暗中破坏、削弱97.Underestimate:低估、看轻98.Undermine:暗中破坏、削弱99.Utopia:理想国、乌托邦100.Verbose:冗长的、啰嗦的101.Vigorous:精力充沛的、有力的102.Vulnerable:易受攻击的、易受伤害的103.Wistful:渴望的、惆怅的104.Wry:扭曲的、嘲讽的105.Xenophobia:仇外心理、排外主义106.Yield:屈服、让步107.Zenith:顶峰、最高点108.Zealot:狂热者、狂信者109.Zeitgeist:时代精神、潮流110.Zest:热情、热忱。
自考《英语(二)》词汇表
abbreviation缩写法Babbling咿呀学语combinational rule组合规则acculturation语言文化移入back-formation逆向构词法commissives承诺类acoustic phonetics声学语言学back vowel后元音communicative competence交际能力acronym词首字母缩略词Behaviorism行为主义comparative reconstruction比较重建法address term称谓语Behaviorist learning theory行为主义学习理论competence语言能力addresser发话人Behaviorist Psychology行为主义心理学complement补语addressee受话人Bilabial双唇音complement construction补足语adjacency毗邻Bilingualism双语现象complementarity互补性反义现象Adjacency Condition毗邻条件Black English黑人英语complementary distribution互补分布Adjacency Parameter毗邻参数Blending混合法complex sentence复合句Affix词缀Borrowing借用componential analysis成分分析法Affixation加词缀法bound morpheme黏着语素components of meaning意义成分Affricate塞擦音brain lateralization大脑左右半球侧化compound word复合词Afroasiatic非亚语系branching node分叉点compounding复合法agreement rule一致关系规则broad transcription宽式音标computational linguistics计算语言学allophone音位变体Broca’s area布罗卡区concept概念alveolar齿龈音caretaker speech保姆语conceptualist view意念观alveolus齿龈case格consonant辅音angular gyrus角形脑回Case Condition格条件constituent成分antonymy反义现象case marking格标志constituent structure成分结构antonym反以词causative verb使役动词constraint制约apocope词尾音脱落central vowel中元音construction结构aphasia失语症cerebral cortex大脑皮层content word实词aphasic失语症患者cerebral plasticity大脑弹性context语境;上下文applied linguistics应用语言学channel渠道contextualism语境论arbitrariness任意性classical language古典语言Contrastive Analysis对比分析法argument论元clipping略写法conversational implicature会话含义articulatory phonetics发音语音学closed class word封闭类词co-operative principle合作原则articulatory variable发音变项code代码coordinate sentence并列句aspiration送气code-switching代码切换creativity创造性assimilation同化cognate同源词critical period关键期;临界期approximation近似化co-hyponyms并列下义词cultural transmission文化传播auditory phonetics听觉语音学coinage创新词declaration宣告类Austronesian…语系color word色彩词deep structure深层结构lexical category词类Morpheme词素phonetic feature语音特征lexical structure词汇结构morphlogical rule形态学规则phonetics语音学lexicology词汇学morphology形态学phonological rule音位规则lexicon词汇mother tongue母语phonology音位学linear structure线性结构Move α移动α规则phrasal category词组类linguistic competence语言能力movement rule移位规则phrase structure rule短语结构规则linguistic determinism语言决定论naming theory命名论pidgin洋泾浜语linguistic lateralization语言侧化narrow transcription严式音标place of articulation发音部位linguistic performance语言运用narrowing of meaning词义缩小plosive爆破音linguistic relativism语言相对论nasal cavity鼻腔polysemy多义性linguistic repertoire全部语言变体nasality鼻音化postpone后移linguistic taboo禁忌语nasalize鼻音化prepose前移linguistics语言学natural route of development自然发展轨道postvocalic元音后的liquid流音negator否定词pragmatics语用学loan word外来词neurolinguist神经语言学家predicate谓语localization定位neuron神经元predication述谓结构locutionary act言内行为no-place predication空位述谓结构predication analysis述谓结构分析low variety低层次变体object宾语prefix前缀manner of articulation发音方法Old English古英语presprictive (grammar)规定语法matrix clause主句one-place predication一位述谓结构presupposition前提maxim of manner方式准则optimum age最佳学习年龄proposition命题maxim of quality质量准则oral cavity口腔prepositional content命题内容maxim of quantity数量准则overextension扩展过度protolanguage原始语maxim of relation关联准则overgeneralization概括过度psycholinguistics心理语言学meaning意义overt thought有声思维puberty青春期meaningfulness有意义palatal腭音qualifying predication修饰性述谓结构meaning relation意义关系paralinguistic副语言学的Received Pronunciation标准发音mentalism心理主义parameter参数Recursiveness循环性mentalistic theory精神论performance语言运用Reference所指语义message信息performance error语言运用错误referring expression所指名词metathesis语音变位perlocutionary act言后行为register语域Middle English中世纪英语pharyngeal cavity咽腔relational opposites关系反义词minimal pair最小对立对phone音素representation表达；呈现Modern English现代英语phoneme音位representatives阐述类Monophthong单元音phonemic contrast音位对立response反应dental齿音finite clause定式字句hyponymy下义关系derivation派生法finite verb定式动词hyponym下义词derivational morpheme派生语素formalize形式化idiolect个人语言特点derivative派生词fossilization语言僵化illocutionary act言外形为descriptive linguistics描写语言学framework框架inconsistency自相矛盾design feature识别特征free morpheme自由语素Indo-European印欧语系determiner限定词fricative擦音infinitive marker不定式标记diachronic linguistics历时语言学front vowel前元音inflection曲折变化diacritics变音符号function word虚词inflectional morpheme曲折语素dialect方言functional shift功能性转换input输入dialectal synonym方言同义词functor element起功能作用成分instrumental motivation工具性学习动机dichotic listening test两耳分听测试gender性intake接受diglossia双言现象Generative Grammar生成语法integrativ emotivation介入性学习动机diphthong复合元音Generative Semantics生成语义学interference干扰Directionalilty Parameter方位参数genetic predispotion基因先天条件interlanguage语际语Directives指令类genetic relationship亲缘关系internalize内在化Displacement不受时空限制的特性glide滑音International Phonetic Alphabet国际音标distinctive feature区别性特征glottal喉音interpersonmal communication人际交际D-structure深层结构glottis声门intuition语调duality of structur结构二重性e graddabl opposites可分等级的反义词labeled(unlabeled)tree diagram加标记树形图double articulation结构二重性grammaticality语法性labial唇音embedded clause子句grammatical meaning语法意义LAD语言习得机制emotive meaning表情意义Great Vowel Shift元音大变位language acquisition语言习得entailment含义hard palate硬腭language behavior语言行为entity实体head核心词language center语言中枢epenthesis插入音hemispheric dominance forlanguage大脑半球的语言优势language faculty语言机制Error Analysis错误分析法hierarchical structure层次结构language family语系euphemism委婉语high variety高层次变体language perception语言感知evaluative meaning评价意义historical comparative linguistics历史比较语言学language planning语言规划expressives表达类historical linguistics历史语言学language variation语言变异factive predicate叙述性谓词holophrastic sentence独词句larynx喉family tree谱系树homography同形lax vowel松元音feature symbol特征标记homonymy同音异义；同形异义level层；平面features of meaning意义特征homophony同音异义level of language语言层次retroflex 卷舌音stimulus 刺激underextension 扩展不足rewrite rule 重写规则stop 爆破音Universal Grammar 普遍语法rounded vowel 圆唇元音stress 重音Utterance 话语SAE 标准美国英语structural constituency 结构成分性utterance meaning 话语意义sapir-Whorf hypothesis …假设structural linguistics 结构主义语言学uvula 小舌second language acquisition 第二语言习得subject 主语validity 有效性segment 切分成分subordinate predication 主从述谓性结构variable 变项semantic anomaly 语义异体subscript 下标velar 软腭音semantic deviation 语义变异subvocal predication 无声言语velum 软腭semantic broadening 语义广义化suffix 后缀vernacular 本地话；本国语semantic narrowing 语义狭义化superordinate 上坐标词vocal cord 声带semantic shift 语义演变suprasegmental feature 超切分特征voiced 浊音化的semantics 语义学surface structure 表层结构voiceless 不带音的，清音的semantic structure 语义结构synchronic linguistics 共时语言voicing 带音化，浊音化semantic triangle 语义三角synonymy 同义词vowel 元音sense 意义syntactic ambiguity 句法歧义Wernicke ’s area 韦尼克区sequential rule 序列规则syntactic category 句法类型widening of meaning 词义扩大setting 背景；环境syntactic rule 句法规则X-bar theory X 标杆理论sexist language 性别歧视语syntax 句法sibilant 咝音taboo word 禁忌词simple sentence 简单句target language 目标语Sino-Tibetan 汉藏语系tautology 同义反复situational dialect 语域方言teeth ridge 齿龈隆骨sociolect 社会方言telegraphic speech 电报式言语sociolinguistics 社会语言学tense and aspect 时和体soft palate 软腭tense vowel 紧元音species-specific capacity 物种特有能力tone 音调；声调specifier 指示语tone language 声调语言spectrograph 频谱仪topic 话题；主题speech act 言语行为transfer 转移speech community 言语社区Transformational-Generative Grammar 转换生成语法speech variety 言语变体transformational rule 转换规则S-structure 表层结构tree diagram 树形图standard language 标准语two-place predication 双位述谓结构stem 词干unaspirated 不送气。
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groan groove grove grower guardian guidance guideline guildguiltgum gunmangutgymgypsyHhabitat hackhailhalf-time halfway halveham hammer hamper handful handicap handicappedhandsome handy harden hard-line hardliner hardship hardware hardy harmful harmless harmony harsh harvest hasty hatch hatredhaulhaunt haven hawk hazard headache head of state head-on heapheart attack heated heating heavyweight hedgeheel heighten heir helmet helpful helpless henhence heraldherbherd heritage heroic heroin heroine hers hesitate heterosexual hey hidden hidinghierarchyHigh Courthigher education high schoolhigh streethigh tech highwayhikeHinduHispanic historianhobbyhockeyholdinghollow homelandHome Office Home Secretary honestlyhonestyhoneyhophopefulhopefully hopelesshorizonhormonehornhorriblehorrifyhostelhostilehoundHouse of Commons hoverhowlhughuhhullhumhuman being humanitarian humanityhumble humiliation hungerhungryhuntinghurdlehurl hurricanehuthurryhybrid hydrogen hypeIibidice cream identical ideological 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英语自考二单词必看大全
英语自考二单词必看大全
1. analyze - 分析
2. approach - 方法，途径
3. assess - 评估，评价
4. assume - 假设，假定
5. attend - 参加，出席
6. avoid - 避免，避开
7. benefit - 有益于，使受益
8. challenge - 挑战，质疑
9. clarify - 澄清，阐明
12. concentrate - 集中，专心
13. conclude - 结论，结束
14. conduct - 进行，实施
15. confirm - 确认，证实
16. consider - 考虑，认为
17. contribute - 贡献，捐助
18. criticize - 批评，指责
19. define - 定义，解释
20. demonstrate - 证明，展示
21. describe - 描述，叙述
22. determine - 确定，决定
23. develop - 发展，拓展
24. discuss - 讨论，商议
25. distinguish - 区分，辨别
26. evaluate - 评估，评价
27. e某amine - 检查，审查
28. e某plain - 解释，说明
29. e某press - 表达，表述
30. identify - 辨认，识别
这些单词涵盖了英语自考二阶段所需的基本词汇，希望对你的学习有所帮助。
2019年英语全国2卷高频词汇
adj.无价的;极宝贵的
focus on
专注于
breathe
v.呼吸breathn.呼吸
connect
v.连接;联系connectionn.连接;关系
relief
n.宽慰;轻松;解脱;减轻;消除;缓和
provide
v.提供providern.供应者
in the process
在这个过程中processv.加工;处理n.过程;程序;步骤
unfold
v.展开;打开foldv.折叠
a folk tale
民间故事
biography
n.传记biologyn.生物(学)
geographyn.地理(学)
diverse
adj.多种多样的diversityn.多样性
b篇
demanding
adj.要求很高的;费力的
demandn./v.需求;要求
sigh
语法填空
acknowledge
v.承认acknowledgementn.承认
declare
v.声明declarationn.宣言;宣布
retire
vi.退休;离开retiredadj.退休的retireen.退休人员
short-listed
入围名单
achievement
n.成就achievev.取得;实现
check
v./n.检查
sharpen
v.(使)锋利;尖锐sharpadj.锋利的;尖锐的sharplyadv.急剧地;严厉地
communication
n.表达;交流;交际
communicatev.(与某人)交流
space technology
不背单词自考英语二高频单词
不背单词自考英语二高频单词
以下是自考英语二中的一些高频单词，希望对你的准备有所帮助：
1.Affect - 影响
2.Benefit - 好处，利益
municate - 沟通
4.Diverse - 多样的
5.Evident - 明显的
6.Facilitate - 促进，方便
7.Global - 全球的
8.Hypothesis - 假设
9.Influence - 影响
10.Justify - 证明合理
11.Knowledge - 知识
12.Linguistic - 语言的
13.Motivate - 激励
14.Negotiate - 谈判
15.Objective - 客观的
16.Potential - 潜力
17.Quantitative - 定量的
18.Result - 结果
19.Significant - 重要的
20.Theory - 理论
以上这些单词是英语二考试中较为常见的高频词汇。
请记住，在备考过程中，不仅要记住这些单词的含义，还要学会如何正确地运用它们。
此外，还应该注意扩展词汇量、提高阅读和写作能力，并有针对性地进行练习和模拟考试。
大作文英语二词汇
大作文英语二词汇Title: The Significance of Vocabulary in English Language Proficiency。
Vocabulary plays a pivotal role in achievingproficiency in the English language. Its significance cannot be overstated, as it serves as the foundation upon which communication, comprehension, and expression are built. In this essay, we delve into the importance of vocabulary acquisition and its impact on language proficiency.Firstly, a rich vocabulary enhances communication skills. When individuals possess an extensive lexicon, they can articulate their thoughts, ideas, and emotions more effectively. This proficiency enables them to engage in meaningful conversations, express themselves with clarity, and convey their messages accurately. Whether in casual discussions or formal settings, a diverse vocabulary empowers individuals to communicate fluently andpersuasively.Moreover, vocabulary acquisition facilitates comprehension across various contexts. In both written and spoken forms, encountering unfamiliar words can impede understanding. However, individuals with a robustvocabulary can decipher the meanings of new words through context clues or prior knowledge. Consequently, they can comprehend complex texts, grasp nuanced concepts, andextract key information more efficiently. This ability is particularly advantageous in academic, professional, and everyday scenarios where comprehension is essential.Furthermore, vocabulary proficiency fosters language fluency and proficiency. As individuals expand their lexicon, they gain access to a broader range of expressions, idioms, and phrasal verbs. This linguistic diversityenables them to adapt their language usage to different situations, audiences, and purposes. Consequently, they can express themselves more creatively, convey subtleties of meaning, and engage in sophisticated discourse. Language fluency not only enhances communication but also reflects adeeper understanding and mastery of the English language.In addition, vocabulary acquisition is integral to academic success. In educational settings, students encounter a myriad of texts across various subjects, each containing subject-specific terminology and technical jargon. By actively expanding their vocabulary, students can navigate academic materials more effectively, comprehend complex concepts, and communicate their understanding proficiently. Moreover, a strong vocabulary enhances students' performance in standardized tests, essays, and presentations, contributing to their overall academic achievement.Furthermore, vocabulary proficiency is closely linked to cognitive development and critical thinking skills. As individuals engage with new words, they are required to analyze their meanings, infer contextual usage, and make connections with existing knowledge. This cognitive process strengthens their analytical skills, expands theircognitive flexibility, and fosters a deeper understanding of language structure and semantics. Moreover, researchsuggests that individuals with a rich vocabulary demonstrate superior cognitive abilities, including problem-solving, decision-making, and abstract reasoning.In conclusion, vocabulary acquisition is paramount to achieving proficiency in the English language. A rich and diverse lexicon enhances communication skills, facilitates comprehension, fosters language fluency, contributes to academic success, and promotes cognitive development. Therefore, individuals aspiring to master English should prioritize vocabulary acquisition through regular practice, exposure to diverse linguistic contexts, and active engagement with texts. By investing in vocabulary development, individuals can unlock the full potential of their language proficiency and broaden their opportunities for academic, professional, and personal growth.。
Lexicology (词汇学练习)
Lexicology1.eut / ens = ingereareire end for verbsiriariile = easy / have a tendency totio = subco videre = seecum vemire = comecom = with ire = gocon edere = eat (eg. edible)col obire = pass awaycor arare = till (eg. arable)co vincere = wincome from2. ag / act (Latin) = act: do / performeg: agent, agency, agile, agenda, agitate, agitation, coagent, subagent, reagent3. am / amat (Latin) amare = loveeg: amiable, amiableness, amateur, amateurish, amicable, amour, enamour, amatory 4. anim (Latin) anima = spirit / soul / mind / lifeeg: animal, animate, animosity, magnanimity, equanimity, longanimity, unanimous 5. ann / enn Latin) annus = yeareg: anniversary, annual, perennial, annuity, superannuate, semiannual, biannual, biennial, biennium6. anthrop (Greek) anthropos = maneg: anthropology, philanthropist, misanthropist, anthropoid, anthropography, anthropogenesis, anthropogeny, anthropotomy7. arch / archy (Greek) arkhos = ruleeg: anarchy, anarchism, monarch, matriarch, patriarch, archives, archenemy, architect8. audi / audit (Latin) audire = heareg: audience, auditorium, audible, audit, auditor, audition, audile, auditory, audiology, audio9. bi / bio (Greek) bios = lifeeg: biology, antibiotic, biography, microbial, biochemistry, biophysics, biocide 10. cad / cas / cid (Latin) cadere = fall / happeneg: decadent, case, casual, casualty, occasion, incident, decay, coincide, deciduous, occident11. cand (Latin) candere = glow / be whiteeg: candle, candid, candidate, candour, candescent, incandescentcf: cense, incense12. led / ceed / cess (Latin) cedere = goeg: antecedent, antecessor, proceed, procedure, process, succeed, accede, access, exceed, procede, recede, secede, concede13. centr (Greek) kentron = middle pointeg: centre, central, centric, concemtrate, concentric, eccentric, centrifugal, centripetal, decentralize14. cern / cert (Latin) cernere = separateeg: concern, discern, secret, discreet, secretary, discrete, secrete15. cert (Latin) certus = settledeg: certain, certainty, ascertain, certify, certification, certificate, certitude, uncertain, incertitude16. cid / cis (Latin) caedere = cut / killeg: decide, decision, concise, precide, excide, incide, incisive, suicide, bactericide, persticide17. circ (Latin) circus = ringeg: circle, circus, circulate, encircle, circuit, microcircuit, circular, circlet, semicircle 18. claim / clam (Latin) clamare = call outeg: declaim, declamation, declamatory, exclaim, proclaim, reclaim, claim, acclaim, disclaim, clamour19. clin (Latin) clinare = bend / leaneg: inclind, disincline, decline, recline, isoclinal, antecline, declension, syncline 20. clud / clus (Latin) claudere = shut / closeeg: conclude, conclusion, conclusive, include, exclude, preclude, seclude, occlude, recluse21. cord (Latin) cor / cordis = hearteg: accord, concord(e), discord, record, obcordate, core, courage, discourage22. corp / corpor (Latin) corp = bodyeg: corpse, corps, corporation, incorporate, corpuscle, corpulent, corporal, corporeal, incorporeal23. cosm (Greek) kosmos = order / worldeg: cosmetic, cosmic, cosmonaut, cosmopolis, cosmology, macrocosm, microcosm, pancosmism24. cred / credit (Latin) credere = believe / trusteg: credit, discredit, credible, credibility, credulous, accredit, credence, credential(s) credo, incredible25. cresc / cret / cre (Latin) crescere = groweg: crescent, increase, increment, concrete, decrease, increscent, excrescence, accretion,26. cub / cumb (Latin) cubare / cumbere = lieeg: incumbent, succumb, concubine, incubate, incubus, cubicle, recum, procumbent 27. cult (Latin) colere = till / plougheg: culturus, culture, cultivate, cult, agriculture, aquaculture, floriculture, epiculture, pisciculture28. cur / curs / cours (Latin) currere = runeg: occur, current, recur, concur, cursory, excursion, precursor, course, discourse, recourse29. cur (Latin) cura / care = attentioneg: cure, curious, accurate, secure, security, procure, incurious, curate, curator30. cycl (Greek) kvklos = circleeg: cycle, bicycle, encyclopaedia, autocycle, unicycle, cyclone, hemicycle, tetracycline31. dem (Greek) demos = peopleeg: democracy, democrat, demos, demography, demagogue, epidemic, endemic, pandemic32. dic / dict (Latin) dicere = sayeg: indicate, dictate, indict, dictator, diction, dictionary, contradict, dictum, edict, predict, benediction, malediction33. divid / divis (Latin) dividere = see separatelyeg: divide, division, divisible, individual, individualize, dividend, divisor, subdivide 34. doc / doct (Latin) docere = teacheg: doctor, document, doctrine, doctrinaire, doctrinairism, docile, indoctrinate, indoctrination35. due / duct (Latin) ducere = .leadeg: conduct, educate, introduce, produce, deduce, reduce, seduce, abduct, induct36. dyn / dynam (Greek) dunamikos = power / forceeg: dynast, dynasty, dynamic, dynamics, dyne, isodynamic, dynamite, adynamia, aerodynamics, electrodynamics, hydrodynamics37. eqn (Latin) aequus = eveneg: equal, equate, adequate, equivalent, equable, equator [Eqnator], equilibrium, equivocal, equivocality38. erg (Greek) ergon = workeg: energy, energetic, allergy, allergic, allergist, synergy, synergist, ergograph, ergometer, ergonomics39. fac / fact (Latin) facere = make / doeg: facile, faculty, facilitate, fact, factor, factory, benefactor, affect, effect, defect, infeet, perfect, feasible, feasibility40. fer (Latin) ferre = carry / boateg: confer, differ, offer, prefer, refer, suffer, transfer, auriferous, fructiferous, somniferous, Cuminiferous41. fig / fict (Latin) fingere = make…with fingerseg: figure, figment, fiction, fictitious, fictile, disfigure, prefigure, transfigure, effigy 42. fid (Latin) fidere = to trusteg: fidelity, confide, confidence, diffident, fideism, infided, perfidious, perfidy43. fin (Latin) finis = end / limiteg: final, finish, fine, finance, finite, confine, define44. flat (Latin) flare = bloweg: inflate, inflation, deflate, reflate, flatulent, conflation, insufflate, exsufflate45. flect / flex (Latin) flectere / flextere = bendeg: reflect, inflect, flexible, inflexible, deffect, flex, reflex, reflexive46. flu / flux (Latin) fluere = floweg: fluid, fluent, influence, influenza, affluent, confluence, influent, effluent, refluent, superfluous47. fort / forc (Latin) fortis / forctis = strongeg: effort, comfort, force, enforce, fort, fortify, fortitude, reinforce, fortissimo48. frag / fract (Latin) frangere = breakeg: fragile, fragment, fraction, fracture, infraction, refract, refractory, anfractuous, frail 49. fund / found / fus (Latin) fundere = pour // melt poureg: confuse, refuse, profuse, effuse, fuse, refund, fund, corofound, funnel, futile50. gen / gener (Latin) gnasci = be borneg: genius, genuine, generate, general, genesis, genetic(s), eugenic(s), congenial51. ger / gest (Latin) gerere = carryeg: belligerent, digest, suggest, gesture, gestation, ingest, congest52. grad / gress (Latin) gradi = to stepeg: grade, gradual, graduate, aggress, progress, congress, degrade, digress, regress, regressive, digression53. gram (Latin) gramme / graphein = to writeeg: grammar, gramophone, phonogram, program(me), telegram, diagram, cryptogram, dactylogram, seismogram54. grat (Latin) gratus = pleasingeg: congratulate, grateful, gratitude, gratify, gratis, ingratiate, gratuity, ingrate55. her / hes (Latin) haerere = stick toeg: adhere, cohere, hesitate, adhesion, coherence, inherit, inheritage56. jac / ject (Latin) jacere = throweg: adjacent, inject, project, eject, deject57. junct (=join) (Latin) jungere = join / connecteg: conjunction, juncture, disjuntive, injunction, adjunct, junction, subjunctive, adjoin, rejoin, subjoin58. lat (Latin) latus = carryeg: translate, relate, superlative, legislate, ablation, ablate, ablative, collate, illation, delate59. leg / lig / lect (Latin) legere = choose / pickeg: collect, elect, select, neglect, intellectual, elegant, eligible, religent, intelligent, intelligence60. lig (Latin) ligance = bindeg: oblige, obligation, religion, ligature, ligament, disoblige, colligate, colleague, ligate61. liter (Latin) litera = lettereg: literal, literate, literature, literary, literati, illiterate, transliterate, obliterate, alliterate62. log / logue (Latin) logos = speecheg: logic, dialogue, apologize, eulogy, prologue, epilegue, philology, tautology, eulogize, eulogist, eulogy63. loqu / locut (Latin) loqui = speakeg: eloquent, elocution, colloquail, interlocutor, loquacious, locution, circumlocution 64. man / manu (Latin) manus = handeg: manual, manage, manner, manuscript, manufacture, manipulate, manacle, quadrumane, maintain65. medi (Latin) medium = middleeg: immediate, medium, mediate, mediterranean, medieval, intermediate, mediocre 66. memor (Latin) memor = mindeg: memory, memorize, memorandum, immemorial, commemorate, memoir, remember, remembrance67. min (Latin) minor = small / lesseg: minister, administer (=administrate), diminish, diminutive, minify68. mit / miss (Latin) mittere = sendeg: admit, commit, dismiss, missile, emit, omit, permit, submit, transmit, transister (transmitter+resister)69. mov (Latin) movere = moveeg: remove, remote, remotion, promote, demote, motive, commotion, mobile, snobilize, demobilize70. nasc / nat (Latin) nasci = be borneg: nation, native, nature, nascent, renascence, cognate, natal, irrate, prenatal, neonate 71. not (Latin) noscere = (get to) knoweg: note, notice, notion, denote, notify, notoriety, annotation, connote, notorious, connotation72. nov (Latin) novus = neweg: novel, novelty, renovate, novelette, novice73. patr / pater (Latin) pater = fathereg: patriarch, patriot, patrimony, patron, paternal, compatriot, expatriate, repatriate, patrilineal74. pel / pul (Latin) pellere = drive / pusheg: compel, compulsion, compulsive, impel, impulse, repel, expel, propel, dispel, propeller75. pend / pens (Latin) pendere = hang / weigheg: depend, independent, suspend, append, pendulum, expend, spend, dispense, indispensible, compensate76. pet / petit (Latin) petere = seek / strive (for)eg: compete, competent, appetite, appetent, repetition, repeats, petition, impetus, impetuous, centripetal (∽centrifugal)77. pon / pos (Latin) ponere = place / puteg:compose, expose, oppose, postpone, propose, suppose, depose, deposit, dispose(of), impose, interpose78. post / postat (Latin) portare = carryeg: portable, export, import, important, report, support, transport, disport, deport79. put/ putat (Latin) putare = think / reckoneg: compute, computer, depute, dispute, repute, reputation, impute, disrepute80. reg / rect (Latin) regere = rule / make straighteg: region, regular, correct, direct, erect, rectify, rectangle, rectilineal, regent, regicide, regime, rectitude81. rupt (Latin) rumpere = breakeg: corrupt, interrupt, disrupt, erupt, rupture, bankrupt, abrupt, irrupt82. sci (Latin) scire = knoweg: conscience, conscious, science, scientist, omniscient, nescience, prescient, subconcious83. scrib / script (Latin) scribere = writeeg: describe, inscribe, prescribe, subscribe, proscribe, transcribe, ascribe, postscript, scripture, manuscript84. sent / sens (Latin) sentire = feel / senseeg: sentence, sentiment, sense, nonsense, consent, dissent, assent, resent, sensitive, sensuous85. sid / sess (Latin) sidere / sedere = siteg: preside, president, reside, session, possess, subside, dissident, assiduous, insiduous, assess86. sist (Latin) sistere = standeg: assist, consist, insist, resist, exist, persist, desist, subsist, transistor (transfer+resister)87. spec / spect / spic (Latin) specere = look at / seeeg: expect, inspect, respect, prospect, suspect, spectator, spectacle, species, specious, conspicuous, auspice, despise, introspect, retrospect88. spir / spirat (Latin) spirare = breatheeg: spirit, inspire, conspire, respire, aspire, expire, perspire, transpire89. st / sta (Latin) st = standeg: state, station, stay, distance, constant, contrast, circumstance, ecstacy, obstacle, rest90. tang / tact (Latin) tangere = toucheg: contract, tact, tangible, contagious, tactile, tangent, tacit91. ten / tin / tent / tain (Latin) tenere = holdeg: contain, detain, obtain, retain, sustain, abstain, tenant, tenacious, continent, continue92. tend / tens / tent (Latin) tendere = stretcheg: attend, extend, intend, pretend, intense, contend, distend, tense, tend, ostentation 93.tract (Latin) trahere = draweg: attract, contract, extract, retract, detract, distract, protract, subtract94. un (Latin) unus = oneeg: unify, unite, union, unity, unit, unigue, uniform, unilateral, unicorn, unison, unisonant95. ven / vent (Latin) venire = comeeg: convence, convenient, event, invnt, prevent, avenue, intervene, revenue, adventure, circumvent, ventilate, vent96. vert / vers (Latin) vertere = tumeg: convert, converse, reverse, universe, avert, divert, diverse, pervert, subvert97. vid/ vis (Latin) videre = seeeg: evident, provide, provident, prudence, television, visit, advise, revise, supervise(F) vivre98. viv / vit = live(L) vivereeg: vivid (=alive), revive, survive, vitamin, revivify, vivacious, viviparous99. voc / vok (Latin) vocare = calleg: advocate, provoke, vocal, vocation, avocation, invoke, evoke, revoke, recabulary 100. volv / volut (Latin) volvere = roll / turneg: involve, revolve, revolution, volume, evolive, devolve, revolt, voluble。
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Test of Lexicology 2
I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that best completes the statement and put the letter in the bracket.
1. Which words belong to the functional words (A )
A. prepositions, auxiliaries, conjunctions
B. articles, adjectives, pronouns
C. adverbs, conjunctions, noun s
D. prepositions, auxiliaries, verbs
2. _____ are bound morphemes because they cannot be used as separate words.
（ C ）
A. Roots
B. Stems
C. Affixes
D. Compounds
3. A morpheme that can stand alone as a word is thought to be( C ). A．affixational B．derivational C．free D．bound
4. A monomorphemic word is a word that consists of a single ( C ) morpheme.
A. formal
B. concrete
C. free
D. bound
5. Which of the following is NOT true ( C )
A. A word is a sound unity
B. A word has a given meaning
C. A word is the smallest form of a language
D. A word can be used freely in a sentence
6. The following words have derivational affixes Except________. (D )
A. subsea
B. prewar
C. postwar
D. desks
7. Which of the following is not a compound ( D )
A. swimming pool
B. king-hearted
C. greenhouse
D. International
8. The suffix “-tion” is a ____ suffix. ( D )
A. adjective
B. verb
C. adverb
D. noun
9. From the sentences “Hand in your papers.” and “She papered the room green.”, we can see such a means of word formation as________. ( C )
A. affixation
B. compounding
C. conversion
D. acronymy
10. “mis-“ in “misunderstand” is a ____________ prefix. ( B )
A．negative B. pejorative C. reversative D. locative
11. Which of the following is not a major word-formation process ( D )
A. Compounding
B. Derivation
C. Conversion
D. Coinage
12. “Anti-” in “antihero” means______. ( B )
A. “against”
B. “unconventional”
C. “of or belonging to the hypothetical world of antimatter”
D. “not”
13. “-able” in “fashionable” is a(an) _____ suffix. ( B )
A. denominal
B. deadjectival
C. deverbal
D. noun-forming
II. Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions.
1. According to the functions of affixes, we can put them into two groups: inflectional and ___ derivational _______affixes.
2. Bound morphemes include two types: bound root and _____ affixes______.
3. Words may fall into ___content_____words and functional words by notion.
4. Generally, prefixes only modify the ___lexical_____of the stem.
5. Sometimes a word may undergo ____multiple______ conversion, which enables it to function as a member of several word-classes.
6. Affixation can be subdivided into _____prefixation________ and
___suffixation_________.
III. Term explanation
pounding: is a word-formation process consisting of joining two or more
bases to form a new unit, a compound word.
2.Derivation: is generally defined as a word-formation process by which new words
are created by adding a prefix, or suffix, or both, to the base.
3.Conversion: is a word-formation process whereby a word of a certain word-class
is shifted into a word of another word-class without the addition of an affix.
4.Word-formation rules :the rules of word-formation define the scope and
methods whereby speakers of a language may create new words.。