ChinaActivelyPromotesWTOReform

合集下载

上外自考口译课本复习资料

1.经济全球化不断发展的背景下，贸易自由化问题日益受到人们的关注。

With economic globalization, trade liberalization has been attracting more attention.2.正确认识和把握经济全球化和贸易自由化问题，对促进全球经济健康发展具有重要意义。

The recognition and understanding of economic globalization and trade liberalization is key to the sound development of global economy.3.如果经济全球化和贸易自由化朝着合理的方向发展，就能促进有效而公正的配置世界资源，促进各国生产力的发展，促进全球多边贸易体制和公正合理的国际经济新秩序的建立，从而造福各国人民。

If economic globalization and trade liberalization go in the right direction, they will enhance fair and effective distribution of the world resources, national productivity, the build-up of multi-lateral global trade system and a new, fair international economic order, hence benefiting all.4.国际贸易的基本原则是平等互利.The basic principle of international trade is equality and mutual benefit.5.各国间出现贸易上的摩擦纠纷是难以避免的，关键在于要以冷静而明智的态度正确对待和处理摩擦。

大学英语四级2013改革后新题型_段落翻译_练习题_答案_评分标准

以蛇宴闻名遐迩的蛇餐馆，已有80多年历史，天天宾客盈门，座无虚席。 The Snake Restaurant that has a history of over 80 years is famous all over the world for its snake dinner. Every day the restaurant is crowded with diners（用餐者） and it is often difficult to find an empty table.
前途是光明的，道路是曲折的 Despite twists and turns on the road ahead, the future is bright. While the prospects are bright, the road has twists and turns. The road is tortuous, but the future is bright.
通过举办文化节，许多中国城市在世界上的知名度（prestige）提高了。 Through culture festivals, many cities in China have raised their prestige in the world. （减译-举办） Through hosting culture festivals, many cities in China have raised their prestige in the world. 失业现象—unemployment 暴力手段---violence
人们常用剪纸美化居家环境。特别是在春节和婚庆期间，剪纸被用来装饰门窗和房间，以增加喜庆的气氛。 People often beautify their homes with paper cuttings. During the Spring Festival and wedding celebrations, in particular, paper cuttings are used to decorate doors, windows and rooms in order to enhance the joyous atmosphere.

考研英语长难句2

英语长难句The Fourth Session of the 11th National People's Congress (NPC), China's parliament, opens at 9 a.m. Saturday in the Great Hall of the People in Beijing.2011年3月5日上午9时，第十一届全国人民代表大会第四次会议在人民大会堂开幕。

Premier Wen Jiabao delivers a report on the work of the government at the opening meeting chaired by NPC Standing Committee Chairman Wu Bangguo.国务院总理温家宝作政府工作报告。

This webpage will be updated continuously. Following are the highlights of Wen's report:本文将实时更新出温家宝总理报告中的重点部分：Global issues国际关系"China will play a constructive role in helping resolve hot issues and global problems." “中国将发挥建设性作用以解决全球热点问题。

”Income收入分配"Readjusting income distribution is a pressing task at present, and an endeavor to be pursued in a longer term."“收入分配问题既是一项长期任务，也是当前的紧迫工作。

”Price stability保持物价总水平基本稳定"Recently, prices have risen fairly quickly and inflation expectations have increased. This problem concerns the people's well-being, bears on overall interests and affects social stability. We must, therefore, make it our top priority in macroeconomic control to keep overall price levels stable. We need to make the most of favourable conditions, such as an ample supply of manufactured goods and our abundant grain reserves and considerable foreign exchange reserves, endeavor to overcome the adverse effects of imported and structural inflation, cushion the upward pressure for costs of factors of production, and correctly guide market expectations to resolutely curb prices."“当前，物价上涨较快，通胀预期增强。

中国加入世贸组织的历程英语介绍

一、Introduction to China's Accession to the WTOChina's accession to the World Trade Organization (WTO) is a significant milestone in the country's economic reform and opening-up process. It marks China's formal integration into the global trading system and has had a profound impact on the country's economy, as well as the world economy. This article will provide an overview of China's accession to the WTO, including the historical background, negotiation process, and its impact.二、Historical Background1. China's Economic Reform and Opening-UpIn the late 1970s, China embarked on a path of economic reform and opening-up under the leadership of Deng Xiaoping. This marked a departure from the centrally planned economy to a market-oriented system. The reform policies led to rapid economic growth and a surge in foreign trade and investment.2. China's Desire to Join the WTOAs China's economy became increasingly integrated with the global economy, there was a growing desire to join the WTO to further liberalize trade, attract foreign investment, and gain access to international markets. China's application to join theWTO was submitted in 1986, and the negotiation process lasted for 15 years, making it one of the longest and mostplex accession processes in the history of the WTO.三、Negotiation Process1. Bilateral NegotiationsChina engaged in extensive bilateral negotiations with WTO member countries to reach agreements on market access for goods and services, as well as other trade-related issues. These negotiations involved a wide range of sectors, including agriculture, manufacturing, and services.2. Commitments and ConcessionsIn order to gain entry into the WTO, China made significantmitments and concessions, including reducing tariffs, eliminating non-tariff barriers, and opening up its service sectors to foreignpetition. Thesemitments were aimed at integrating China into the global trading system and promoting a more open and transparent trade regime.3. Accession Working PartyIn 2001, China's accession package was approved by the WTO General Council, and a working party was established to finalizethe terms of China's accession. This working party consisted of representatives from WTO member countries and was tasked with reviewing China's trade policies and ensuring itspliance with WTO rules.4. Terms of AccessionAfter a series of intensive negotiations, China agreed to aprehensive set of terms for its accession to the WTO, includingmitments on market access, intellectual property rights protection, and the reform of state-owned enterprises. These terms were embodied in the Protocol of Accession, which outlined the specific conditions and obligations that China had to fulfill upon joining the WTO.四、Impact of China's Accession to the WTO1. Economic Growth and TradeChina's accession to the WTO has had a profound impact on its economy, contributing to rapid economic growth and an unprecedented expansion of trade. The removal of trade barriers and the integration into the global trading system have facilitated China's export-led growth and made it a major player in global trade.2. Foreign Investment and Technology TransferWTO accession has also facilitated increased foreign direct investment in China and the transfer of advanced technologies, which have contributed to the modernization of China's economy and the development of its manufacturing and service sectors.3. Market Access and CompetitionAs part of its WTOmitments, China has opened up its markets to foreignpetition, leading to greater market access for foreign firms and increasedpetition in domestic industries. This has spurred productivity gains and innovation, while also posing challenges for domestic industries to adapt to internationalpetition.4. Challenges and OpportunitiesChina's accession to the WTO has brought both challenges and opportunities. While it has benefited from increased access to global markets, China has also faced pressure toply with international trade rules and address issues such as intellectual property rights protection, subsidies, and non-tariff barriers.五、ConclusionChina's accession to the WTO has been a transformative process that has reshaped its economy and its integration into the global trading system. The negotiation process was arduous andplex, requiring China to make significantmitments and concessions to gain entry into the WTO. The impact of China's accession has been far-reaching, contributing to its rapid economic growth, expansion of trade, and increased foreign investment. As China continues to play a prominent role in the global economy, its WTO membership will continue to shape its economic policies and its engagement with the internationalmunity.。

2012年5月27日三级笔译汉译英真题

2012年5月27日三级笔译汉译英真题回忆今年是中国加入世贸组织10周年。

10年来，中国经济发展实现了新的跨越，对世界经济增长的贡献日益增大。

10年来，中国平均关税水平从15.3%降至9.8%，达到并超过了世贸组织对发展中国家的要求。

10年来，中国总计从海外进口达8.5万亿美元，为各国发展提供了广阔市场。

This year marks the tenth anniversary of China's accession to the WTO. In the past ten years, China's economy has made significant advance and its contribution to world economic growth has been growing. China's average tariff level has dropped from 15.3% to 9.8%, which is lower than the WTO requirement for developing countries. Its total imports in this period have reached 8.5 trillion US dollars, creating a huge market for other countries.中国经济社会发展的总体形势是好的。

今年以来，在世界经济形势依然复杂多变的情况下，中国有针对性地加强和改善宏观调控，着力稳物价、调结构、保民生、促和谐，经济增长由政策刺激向自主增长有序转变，国民经济继续朝着宏观调控的预期方向发展。

The overall situation of China's economic and social development is good. In the face of the complex and volatile global economic environment, China has taken targeted measures this year to strengthen and improve macro control, with focus on stabilizing prices, adjusting the economic structure, ensuring people's well-being, and promoting harmony. The Chinese economy is driven more by its internal dynamism than policy stimulus. And it is moving in the direction consistent with the objectives of macro control.为了巩固经济社会发展良好势头，我们将坚持以科学发展为主题、以加快转变经济发展方式为主线，继续加强和改善宏观调控，继续处理好保持经济平稳较快发展、调整经济结构、管理通胀预期的关系，更加注重以人为本，更加注重全面协调可持续发展，更加注重统筹兼顾，更加注重改革开放，更加注重保障和改善民生。

英语四级翻译训练每日两题(新题型)-第72期

英语四级翻译训练每日两题(新题型):第72期请将下面这段话翻译成英文：中国是一个发展中国家，也是一个负责任的国家。

中国愿意为推进合作共赢、实现可持续发展做出自己的贡献。

中国保持经济快速健康发展，对全球经济及地区经济发展有利。

改革开放20多年来，中国经济年均增长9．4％，不仅成功解决了十几亿人的温饱问题，而且使中国人民的生活总体上达到小康水平。

当前，中国经济发展总的形势很好。

虽然经济运行中出现了一些问题，但在我们的宏观调控下，一些不健康、不稳定因素已经得到了有效抑制。

参考答案:China is a developing country with a strong sense of responsibility.We are ready to make contribution to promote win-win cooperation for sustainable development.A sound and rapidly growing Chinese economy is helpful for the economic development of the region and that of the world at large.With an average annual growth rate of 9.4% in the past 20-old years of reform and opening-up,China has succeeded in meeting the basic needs for food,clothing and shelter of its population and providing,on the whole,a moderately comfortable livelihood for its over one billion people.China's economy right now is in goodshape,though not problem-free.Thanks to our macro-economic measure,the unhealthy and unstable factors in the economy have been brought under effective control.不仅成功解决了十几亿人的温饱问题，而且使中国人民的生活总体上达到小康水平。

(A)英语翻译高级口译中译英科技商贸(二)

(A)英语翻译高级口译中译英科技商贸(二)(总分：99.99，做题时间：90分钟)一、试题1(总题数：1，分数：25.00)中国加入世界贸易组织的谈判已经进行了15年。

中国的立场始终如一。

加入世界贸易组织后，中国将有步骤地扩大商品和服务贸易领域的对外开放，为国内外企业创造公开、统一、平等竞争的条件，建立和健全符合国际经济通行规则、符合中国国情的对外经济贸易体制，为国外企业来华进行经贸合作提供更多、更稳定的市场准入机会。

中国加入世界贸易组织，将为中国和亚洲以及世界各国各地区经济的发展注入新的活力，中国人民将从中受益，亚洲和世界各国人民也将从中受益。

（分数：24.99）(1).中国加入世界贸易组织的谈判已经进行了15年。

中国的立场始终如一。

（分数：8.33）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(Negotiations for China's accession to the World Trade Organization (WTO) have been going on for 15 years. China's stance remains the same.)解析：[解析] 加入世界贸易组织除了accession to the WTO外还有几种译法，翻译时可注意使用多种表达方法以免重复，译文就使用了三种不同的表达方法。

中国坚持以发展中国家加入世贸组织，以求实现其权利和义务的平衡。

China insisted on its admission to the WTO as a developing country, which called for a balance between its rights and obligations. 中国加入世贸组织的意义不仅在于贸易方面，而且关系到中国将来在世界经济中所起的作用以及全球经济未来的发展方向。

自考本科英语口译与听力必刷口译题

自考《口译与听力》课程口译试题Sentences 50题（课程代码0602）1.中国在控制人口增长方面取得了巨大的成就，受到了联合国的高度赞赏。

（请翻译）（间隔20秒）（叮咚声）With its outstanding achievements in halting the population explosion, China won high praise from United Nations experts.2.我们坚决反对制造“台湾独立”、“两个中国”、“一中一台”的企图。

We are firmly opposed to any attempt to create “Taiwan Independence”, “Two China”, or “One China, One Taiwan”.3.中国政府高度重视发展信息产业，正在大力推进国民经济与社会信息化。

The Chinese government attaches great importance to development of the IT industry and we are making great efforts to accelerate the information-based national economic and social development.4.石窟最早由印度传入中国，是一种佛教建筑形式。

The grotto was originally a Buddhist architectural form that was brought to China from India.5.开放的中国需要吸收人类一切优秀文化成果和有益经验，也需要得到各国的最大理解与支持。

An open China needs to absorb all the excellent elements from other cultures and beneficial experiences of human beings. It also needs the maximum understanding and support of other countries.6.我想借此机会向来自全国各地的各位来宾表示热烈的问候和美好的祝愿。

China's Economic Benefits from Its WTO Membership

Given the conditions of the WTO membership, there will be greater competition between Chinese firms and foreign firms, both in China's domestic market and in the foreign markets. As a result, there will be a large scale re-structuring of industries. Except for a small number of industries selected as infant industries and given some temporary protection, the restructuring to a large extent will be based on China's comparative advantages and disadvantages vis-?vis other economies. For example, labor-intensive industries would be in China's comparative advantage, but natural resource-intensive industries, capital-intensive industries, and technology-intensive industries are in China's comparative disadvantages. It may have comparative advantage in some of the skill-intensive industries but comparative disadvantage in others.

2019上半年翻译资格考试一级口译实务汉译英真题：WTO改革

和一个国家一样，任何国际组织都需要与时俱进，WTO也不例外。

多哈回合久拖不决，十多年来，发达成员数千亿美元的农业补贴没有一丝一毫的削减;电子商务等新兴业态在全球市场上风生水起，WTO却未能提供任何国际规范;更严重的是，面对今天甚嚣尘上的单边主义、保护主义狂潮，WTO难以进行有效地制约。

A country needs to keep up with the new developments, and so are the international organizations. WTO is no exception. The Doha Round has been dragging on for years. Over the past decade, the hundreds of millions of dollars in agricultural subsidies in the developed members have remained largely unchanged. But at the same time, new forms of business, such as e-commerce, have flourished across the world. WTO is not providing international norms to address any of these issues. What is even more alarming is that the organization seems to be losing effectiveness to rein in the rampage of unilateralism and protectionism.因此，WTO需要改革、必须改革。

同时，改革必须坚持正确的方向，采取恰当的方式。

For all these reasons, WTO needs a reform. But the reform should be in the right direction and taking the right approach.第一，改革必须坚持反对保护主义、单边主义的方向，必须有助于推进世界范围的贸易自由化、投资便利化进程，必须坚持非歧视的原则，必须充分发扬民主。

中高级口译——中国特色政治句子英汉互译

中国特色政治/经济类汉英句子互译1. 二００一年，我国国内生产总值达到九万五千九百三十三亿元，比一九八九年增加近两倍，年均增加百分之九点三。

In 2021, China's GDP reached trillion yuan, almost tripling that of 1989, representing an average annual increase of percent.2. 国内生产总值到二０二０年力争比二０００年翻两番。

Efforts will be made to quadruple the GDP of the year 2000 by 2021.3. 经济总量已居世界第六位。

China came up to the sixth place in the world in terms of economic aggregate.4. 整体上实现了由温饱到小康的历史性跨越。

We’ve made a historic leap from having only adequate food and clothing to leading a well-off life.5. 我国综合国力大幅度跃升。

China's overall national strength has risen by a big margin.6. 科技进步日新月异。

Science and technology are advancing rapidly7. 综合国力竞争日趋激烈。

Competition in overall national strength is becoming increasingly fierce8. 开创中国特色社会主义事业新局面。

Let’s create a new situation in building socialism with Chinese characteristics.9. 高新技术产业和现代服务业加速发展。

中国应该坚持改革开放政策英文作文

China should stick to the reform and open-up policyTime flies! It has been thirty years since China started reform and began a open-up policy country to the world. In my opinion , in order to make a big stride we should stick to the reform and open-up policy .Of course ,the fact told us it has resulted in great changes taking place in various fields.Over the past 30 years，China has been firmly pressing ahead with the implementation of the reform program and the initiative of opening up to the outside world.With the rapid development of society, it not only improve the standards of living ,but also promote the development of science ,technology ,economy, educate.I'm really proud of the great achievements in the past 30 years. Although, many people think like me too.In our dairy life ,the typical example is the farmer`s life ,the nine-year compulsory education program ,also it contain Beijing Olympic games and so on.Such success made me very proud.The above we have mentioned a lot about the Social development.As we all know,There are always two sides to everything .so at the same time, we should be more efforts should not be proud to become dizzy with success. In our dairy life ,people are working hard towards a more advanced and harmonious society.continue to stick to the reform and open-up policy ,I am sure our future will be beautiful!。

introduction to china's trade policy

Introduction to China’s Trade PolicyChina cannot develop independently without the rest of the world. Likewise, the world needs China if it is to attain prosperity. Following the trend of economic globalization, China is participating in international economic and technological cooperation on an ever larger scale, in wider areas and at higher levels in an effort to push economic globalization towards the direction of common prosperity for all countries. Today, the mainstream of international trade is to share successes, with all as winners. China adheres to its opening-up strategy for mutual benefit. For this, it has made conforming to China's own interests while promoting common development a basic principle guiding its foreign economic and trade work, develops its economic and trade relations with other countries on the basis of equality, mutual benefit and reciprocity, and makes constant contributions to the sustained growth of global trade.China has exerted itself to push forward multilateral economic and trade relations and regional economic cooperation, actively participated in the formulation and execution of international economic and trade rules, and joined various other countries in settling disputes and problems emerging in their cooperation, so as to promote the balanced and orderly development of the world economy.China has been an active supporter of and participant in multilateral trade system. Since its accession to the WTO in December 2001, China has strictly kept its commitments to create more favorable conditions for international economic and technological cooperation. China has sorted out and revised some 3,000 laws, regulations and department rules, continually improved its foreign-related economic legal system, and enhanced the transparency of its trade policies. China has cut its customs tariffs step by step, as promised, and by 2005 its average tariffs had been reduced to 9.9 percent, and most non-tariff measures had been cancelled. Banking, insurance, securities, distribution and other service trade sectors have opened wider to the outside world. Of the 160-odd service trade sectors listed by the WTO, China has opened more than 100, or 62.5 percent, a level close to that of the developed countries. China has actively pushed ahead with a new round of multilateral trade negotiations, participated in talks on various topics, especially on agriculture, market access of non-farm products and the service trades, and played a constructive role in helping developing and developed members reduce disputes through talks. China, together with other WTO members, has done a lot of work to spur substantial progress to reach early agreement among the negotiators.中国的发展离不开世界，同样世界的繁荣需要中国。

英语翻译二级笔译实务模拟试题及答案解析(9)

英语翻译二级笔译实务模拟试题及答案解析（9）(1/2)Section ⅠEnglish-Chinese TranslationTranslate the following two passages into Chinese.Part A Compulsory Translation第1题PARIS-When France won its second Nobel Prize in less than a week on Monday, this time for economics, Prime Minister Manuel Valls quickly took to Twitter, insisting with no shortage of pride that the accomplishment was a loud rebuke for those who say that France is a nation in decline."After Patrick Modiano, another Frenchman in the firmament: Congratulations to Jean Tirole!" Mr. Valls wrote. "What a way to thumb one's nose at French bashing! Proud of France."Some in the country were already giddy after Mr. Modiano, a beloved author, whose concise and moody novels are often set in France during the Nazi occupation, won the Nobel Prize for literature last week. The award helped to raise the global stature of Mr. Modiano, whose three books published in the United States—two novels and a children's book—before the Nobel had collectively sold fewer than 8,000 copies.Joining in the chorus, Le Monde suggested in an editorial that at a time of rampant French-bashing, Mr. Modiano's achievement was something of a vindication for a country where Nobel Prizes in literature flow more liberally than oil. Mr. Modiano was the 15th French writer, including Sartre and Camus, to win the award.Yet this being France, a country where dissatisfaction can be worn like an accessory, some intellectuals, economists and critics greeted the awards with little more than a shrug at a time when the economy has been faltering, Paris has lost influence to Berlin and Brussels, the far-right National Front has been surging, and Francois Hollande has become one of the most unpopular French presidents in recent history. Others sniffed haughtily that while France was great at culture, it remained economically and politically prostrate.Even Mr. Modiano may have unintentionally captured the national mood when, informed of his prize by his editor, he said he found it "strange" and wanted to know why the Nobel committee had selected him.Even Mr. Modiano may have unintentionally captured the national mood when, informed of his prize by his editor, he said he found it "strange" and wanted to know why the Nobel committee had selected him.Alain Finkielkraut, a professor of philosophy at the elite 图片Polytechnique, who recently published a book criticizing what he characterized as France's descent into conformity and multiculturalism, said that rather than showing that France was on the ascent, the fetishizing of the Nobel Prizes by the French political elite revealed the country's desperation."I find the idea that the Nobels are being used as a riposte to French-bashing idiotic," he said. "Our education system is totally broken, and the Nobel Prize doesn't change anything. I have a lot of affection for Mr. Modiano, but I think Philip Roth deserved it much more. To talk that all in France is going well and that the pessimism is gone is absurd. France is doing extremely badly. There is an economic crisis. There is a crisis of integration. I am not going to be consoled by these medals made of chocolate."Robert Frank, a history professor emeritus at the University of Paris 1—Sorbonne, and the authorof The Fear of Decline, France From 1914 to 2014, echoed that the self-aggrandizement that had greeted the prizes among the French establishment reflected a country lacking in self-confidence. In earlier centuries, he noted, the prize had been greeted as something obvious.When French writers or intellectuals won Nobels in the mid-20th century, "there was no jolt at that time, because France still saw itself as important, so there wasn't much to add to that," he said. "Today, it may help some people to show that France still counts in certain places in the world. This doesn't fix the crisis of unemployment, however, that is sapping this society."In academic economic circles, Mr. Tirole's winning the 2014 Nobel in economic science for his work on the best way to regulate large, powerful firms, was greeted as a fitting tribute to a man whose work had exerted profound influence. It added to an already prominent year for French economists, as seen from Thomas Piketty's book, Capital in the Twenty-First Century, which became an immediate best-seller when translated into English six months ago.Mr. Tirole's work gained particular attention after the 2008 financial crisis, which revealed problems in the regulation of financial firms in the United States and Europe.But some noted the paradox of the award going to an economist from a nation where the economy was less than shimmering, and where many businesses and critics bemoan a culture of excessive red tape.Others like Sean Safford, an associate professor of economic sociology at Institut 图片Politiques de Paris, the elite institute for political studies known as Sciences Po, said Mr. Tirole, a professor of economics at the University of Toulouse in France, was notable for coming at a time of economic malaise and brain drain, when so many of the country's brightest are emigrating elsewhere in Europe or to the United States. "The average French person, who is struggling to pay the bills, is not going to rejoice," he said.At a time when France is trying to overhaul its social model amid withering resistance to change, others said the award had laid bare the country's abiding stratification between a small, hyper-educated elite and the rest of the country.Peter Gumbel, a British journalist living in France who most recently wrote a book on French elitism, said that while the prize would provide some sense of national validation, the two men did not reflect the country as a whole."Undoubtedly the French ecosystem produces incredibly smart people at the very top end, who are capable of winning prizes, and who fall into a grand tradition, and that is what the French school system is geared to Produce," he said.下一题(2/2)Section ⅠEnglish-Chinese TranslationTranslate the following two passages into Chinese.Part A Compulsory Translation第2题"Wisdom of the Crowd": The Myths and RealitiesAre the many wiser than the few? Phil Ball explores the latest evidence on what can make groups of people smarter—but can also make them wildly wrong.Is The Lord of the Rings the greatest work of literature of the 20th Century? Is The Shawshank Redemption the best movie ever made? Both have been awarded these titles by public votes. You don't have to be a literary or film snob to wonder about the wisdom of so-called "wisdom of the crowd",In an age routinely denounced as selfishly individualistic, it's curious that a great deal of faith still seems to lie with the judgment of the crowd, especially when it can apparently be far off the mark. Yet there is some truth underpinning the idea that the masses can make more accurate collective judgments than expert individuals. So why is a crowd sometimes right and sometimes disastrously wrong?The notion that a group's judgement can be surprisingly good was most compellingly justified in James Surowiecki's 2005 book The Wisdom of Crowds, and is generally traced back to an observation by Charles Darwin's cousin Francis Galton in 1907. Galton pointed out that the average of all the entries in a "guess the weight of the ox" competition at a country fair was amazingly accurate—beating not only most of the individual guesses but also those of alleged cattle experts. This is the essence of the wisdom of crowds: their average judgment converges on the right solution.Still, Surowiecki also pointed out that the crowd is far from infallible. He explained that one requirement for a good crowd judgement is that people's decisions are independent of one another. If everyone let themselves be influenced by each other's guesses, there's more chance that the guesses will drift towards a misplaced bias. This undermining effect of social influence was demonstrated in 2011 by a team at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) in Zurich. They asked groups of participants to estimate certain quantities in geography or crime, about which none of them could be expected to have perfect knowledge but all could hazard a guess—the length of the Swiss-Italian border, for example, or the annual number of murders in Switzerland. The participants were offered modest financial rewards for good group guesses, to make sure they took the challenge seriously.The researchers found that, as the amount of information participants were given about each other's guesses increased, the range of their guesses got narrower, and the centre of this range could drift further from the true value. In other words, the groups were tending towards a consensus, to the detriment of accuracy.This finding challenges a common view in management and politics that it is best to seek consensus in group decision making. What you can end up with instead is herding towards a relatively arbitrary position. Just how arbitrary depends on what kind of pool of opinions you start off with, according to subsequent work by one of the ETH team, Frank Schweitzer, and his colleagues. They say that if the group generally has good initial judgement, social influence can refine rather than degrade their collective decision.No one should need warning about the dangers of herding among poorly informed decision-makers: copycat behaviour has been widely regarded as one of the major contributing factors to the financial crisis, and indeed to all financial crises of the past.The Swiss team commented that this detrimental herding effect is likely to be even greater for deciding problems for which no objectively correct answer exists, which perhaps explains how democratic countries occasionally elect such astonishingly inept leaders.There's another key factor that makes the crowd accurate, or not. It has long been argued that the wisest crowds are the most diverse. That's a conclusion supported in a 2004 study by Scott Page of the University of Michigan and Lu Hong of Loyola University in Chicago.They showed that, in a theoretical model of group decision-making, a diverse group of problem-solvers made a better collective guess than that produced by the group of best-performing solvers.In other words, diverse minds do better, when their decisions are averaged, than expert minds. In fact, here's a situation where a little knowledge can be a dangerous thing. A study in 2011 by a team led by Joseph Simmons of the Yale School of Management in New Haven, Connecticut found that group predictions about American football results were skewed away from the real outcomes by the over-confidence of the fans' decisions, which biased them towards alleged "favourites" in the outcomes of games.All of these findings suggest that knowing who is in the crowd, and how diverse they are, is vital before you attribute to them any real wisdom.Could there also be ways to make an existing crowd wiser? Last month, Anticline Davis-Stober of the University of Missouri and his co-workers presented calculations at a conference on Collective Intelligence that provide a few answers.They first refined the statistical definition of what it means for a crowd to be wise—when, exactly, some aggregate of crowd judgments can be considered better than those of selected individuals. This definition allowed the researchers to develop guidelines for improving the wisdom of a group. Previous work might imply that you should add random individuals whose decisions are unrelated to those of existing group members. That would be good, but it's better still to add individuals who aren't simply independent thinkers but whose views are "negatively correlated"—as different as possible—from the existing members. In other words, diversity trumps independence.If you want accuracy, then, add those who might disagree strongly with your group. What do you reckon of the chances that managers and politicians will select such contrarian candidates to join them? All the same, armed with this information I intend to apply for a position in the Cabinet of the British government. They'd be wise not to refuse.上一题下一题(1/2)Section ⅡChinese-English TranslationThis section consists of two parts, Part A—"Compulsory Translation" and Part B— "Choice of Two Translations" consisting of two sections "Topic 1" and "Topic 2". For the passage in Part A and your choice of passages in Part B, translate the underlined portions, including titles, into English. Above your translation of Part A, write "Compulsory Translation" and above your translation from Part B, write "Topic 1" or "Topic 2".第3题在经济全球化背景下，亚洲各国的发展，不可能独善其身，也不应该是“零和博弈”，而是你中有我、我中有你的互利合作，能产生“一加一大于二”的叠加效应，甚至是“二乘二大于四”的乘数效应。

中国积极参与国际事务的作文题目

中国积极参与国际事务的作文题目-概述说明以及解释Title: China's Active Participation in International AffairsChina, as one of the world's major powers, has been actively engaged in international affairs. Its involvement spans various domains, including political, economic, and cultural spheres. This essay aims to explore the reasons behind China's active participation in international affairs and the impact it has on the global stage.There are several key factors driving China's active engagement in international affairs. Firstly, China's rapid economic development and its rise as a global manufacturing hub have made it heavily dependent on international trade. As a result, China recognizes the importance of maintaining stable and cooperative international relations to ensure the smooth flow of goods and services. Through active participation in international organizations such as the World Trade Organization (WTO) and regional economic forums like the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC), China has been able to safeguard its economic interests while contributing to the development of global trade.Secondly, China's growing influence and status as a global power have led to an increased responsibility to contribute to global governance. China recognizes that as a responsible stakeholder, it should actively participate in addressing global challenges such as climate change, poverty alleviation, and peacekeeping efforts. China's commitment to the Paris Agreement on climate change and its contributions to United Nations peacekeeping missions are examples of its proactive engagement in global governance.Furthermore, China's pursuit of its own national interests is closely intertwined with its active participation in international affairs. China seeks to protect its sovereignty and territorial integrity, particularly in sensitive regions like the South China Sea. By engaging in diplomatic negotiations, promoting dialogue, and seeking peaceful resolutions to conflicts, China aims to maintain regional stability and security.China's active participation in international affairs has had a significant impact on the global stage. Economically, China's rise as an economic powerhouse has reshaped global trade patterns and contributed to the growth of developing countries through initiatives like the Belt and Road Initiative. Politically, China'sdiplomatic efforts have helped in resolving conflicts and promoting peaceful coexistence among nations. Culturally, China's promotion of its rich heritage and soft power has enhanced cross-cultural understanding and cooperation.In conclusion, China's active participation in international affairs is driven by its economic interests, global responsibilities, and pursuit of national security. Its engagement has positively impacted the global community by fostering economic growth, promoting peace, and enhancing cultural exchange. As China continues to rise as a global power, its role in international affairs will become increasingly influential and crucial in shaping the future of our interconnected world.标题：中国积极参与国际事务中国作为世界上的主要大国之一，一直积极参与国际事务。

2024年8月9日时政类语法填空练习(钢铁行业进一步绿色推进)-2025届高三英语一轮复习

语篇填空1China's steel industry is expected to 1.__________(far) green transformation in pursuit of 2.___________(sustain) and high-quality development despite challenges, experts and government 3.__________(official) said.Liu Bingjiang, chief engineer of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, stressed the 4.___________(important) of maintaining strategic focus and tenacity within the industry for 5.__________(advance) low-carbon transformation."6.__________(support) by digital and intelligent advancements, we are integrating green practices into the steel industry, 7.___________(persistent) advancing high-quality development by safeguarding 8.__________(we) ecological and environmental integrity," Liu said.The steel industry has been playing 9.___________ substantial role in enhancing China's air quality through a series of initiatives 10.__________ supply-side structural reform, ultra-low emission transformation and vigorous energy efficiency enhancement programs.语篇填空2"Yet, the industry continues 1.__________(grapple) with the arduous tasks of pollution reduction and carbon mitigation, with underlying structural issues yet to be 2._________(full) addressed," he said."With just over a year 3.__________(remain) to finalize the ultra-low emission transformation of the steel industry, the goal for (more than) 80 percent of the country's crude steel production capacity to meet the transformation targets remains 4._________ (unchange)."Currently, 43 percent of China's crude steel production capacity 5.___________ (complete) full-process ultra-low emission transformation, and 39 percent has completed the 6.____________(transform) in key links, data from the ministry showed.The steel industry's emissions have decreased 7.__________ 60 percent, with emission performance reaching international leading levels, 8._________(compare) to 2018.The average PM2.5 concentration in the 10 cities with top steel production capacities 9.__________(decrease) by 24 percent in 2023 compared to 2018. Among them, the average PM2.5 concentration decreased by 31 percent and 30 percent over the period in Tangshan and Handan in Hebei province, respectively, 10.___________ are the top two cities for crude steel production in China.语篇填空3In addition, by 1.________ end of 2023, the profitability of steel enterprises 2.__________ had completed the ultra-low emission transformation was 2.6 times that of other steel enterprises.Ding Zhijun, an official of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology,3._________(highlight) the steel industry's significant contribution4._________ the national economy and the promotion of new industrialization.He said that 5.___________(accelerate) the green and low-carbon transformation of the steel industry is essential for building a modern industrial system and 6.___________ (promote) new industrialization.Energy conservation 7.___________ emission reductions are the only way forward for the high-quality development of the steel industry, he said.Huang Dao, deputy chief engineer of the China Iron and Steel Association, highlighted the important role of policies 8._________ promoting the green, low-carbon and high-quality development of the steel industry.The 9.___________(advance)of energy conservation and carbon reduction initiatives within China's steel industry should be meticulously aligned with policy mandates. It is essential to translate policy initiatives 10.__________ tangible actions by the enterprises within the industry, he said.参考答案11.further2.sustainable3.officials4.importance5.advancing6.Supported7.persistently8.our9.a10.like参考译文1专家和政府官员表示，尽管面临挑战，中国钢铁行业有望进一步绿色转型，追求可持续和高质量的发展。

中国加入wto的英文作文

中国加入wto的英文作文English:Joining the World Trade Organization (WTO) was a monumental step for China, and it has significantly impacted our country's economy and global standing. The decision to join wasn't easy, as it required extensive negotiations and reforms to align with WTO standards.First and foremost, joining the WTO opened up numerous opportunities for China in terms of trade. By becoming a member, we gained access to a larger market for our goods and services. This increased market access has boosted exports, leading to economic growth and job creation. For example, industries such as textiles, electronics, and manufacturing saw a surge in demand for Chinese products globally.Moreover, joining the WTO forced China to reform its domestic policies and regulations to comply withinternational standards. This included intellectual property rights protection, reduction of tariffs, and liberalization of financial markets. These reforms not only improved the business environment within China but also increased foreign investment in the country.Additionally, being part of the WTO has enhancedChina's credibility and influence on the global stage. It has provided a platform for China to engage ininternational trade negotiations and dispute resolutions. For instance, China has been actively involved in WTO discussions on agricultural subsidies and trade barriers, advocating for fair treatment and market access for developing nations.In essence, joining the WTO has been a game-changer for China's economy. It has propelled us into the global marketplace, driving economic growth and fostering international cooperation. While there have been challenges along the way, the benefits far outweigh the costs, cementing China's position as a key player in the world economy.中文：加入世界贸易组织（WTO）对中国来说是一个里程碑式的步骤，它对我们国家的经济和全球地位产生了重大影响。

关于中国加入WTO世界贸易组织--英语作文

关于中国加入WTO世界贸易组织--英语作文be e,nvenient for our country to develop trade relations with many other nations; And any dispute will be handled constructively under the same rules.I think that China's entry into WTO will have a lot of long-term social and economic benefits. It can enhance economic growth aad will have much influence on people's ideology.We, middle school students, are the master of our country in the future. We should be diligent in our studies. It will better prepare us to enter the international arena in which competition is becoming increasingly intense. Please remember that we can do nothing for our country without knowledge.世界贸易组织是一个国际性的组织，它是为国家之间的公平贸易服务的。

它取代多边贸易组织，于1995年1月1日成立。

现在中国已加入世界贸易组织，成为其中的一员，更方便今后我们国家同其他国家发展贸易关系。

而且在相同的规则下，一些贸易争端将会得到建设性的解决。

我认为中国扣入世界贸易组织有长期的政治和经济利益。

它能提高经济增长率，并且对人们的意识方面有很大的影响。

NAETI三级笔译汉译英段落练习

汉译英短文练习1，自从1939年以来，人们做了大量的科学研究确定了烟草对人体健康危害极大。

急需立法来禁止各种烟草产品的广告宣传。

因为这种广告总是劝人们吸更多的烟，因而在很大程度应对那些健康状况恶化或由肺癌致死的人们负责。

Numerous scientific studies conducted since 1939 have indicated that smoking is very harmful to health. Legislation is badly needed to ban all advertising of tobacco products as it persuades people to smoke more and so is in a large part responsible for people with deteriorating health or those who died of lung cancer.2，虽然有些经济学家进行了悲观的预测，但事实上中国加入世界贸易组织不会给国营企业带来剧烈的冲击。

国际金融新闻报的一篇评论认为，中国加入世贸组织的消极影响会是有限的，而其为国营企业带来的实质性好处是显而易见的，比如说它能够更多地引进外国技术。

China’s entry into World Trade Organization (WTO. will not have a radical impact on the State enterprises despite the distressing predictions of some economists. The International Financial News said in a commentary the negative effects of entering WTO would be limited while there would be substantial benefits for the state enterprises, such as the introduction of more foreign technology.3，过去50年其实并不是发明创新的黄金时期。