Preliminaries
科学研究方法与论文写作6
Scientific question
Proof
(design & conduct Experiment)
Analysis
Hypothesis
-Conclusion -Finding -Theory
六、科学研究的实施
Where there is a will, there is a way
A English saying
There will be very different practices in various locations
Flowchart of carrying out a research
Selecting research subject
Read around subject
Create hypotheses & design experiments
But, it is possible to use a “sub-set” (sample) to estimate relevant parameters of a population
Samples & sampling
To select the “sub-set” of a population is called sampling
A few aspects in conducting scientific research
The principles of measurement SI units & their es Sample & sampling Scientific method & design of
Sampling strategies
Good sampling strategies should related to the objective(s)
图书编目员应懂的相关英文术语(附图书馆相关词汇)
图书编目员应懂的相关英文术语（附图书馆相关词汇）OPAC: 全称Online Public Access Catalogue, 在图书馆学上被称作“联机公共目录查询系统”。
读者可以利用万维网实现图书的查找和借阅。
原来的电子书目用TELNET作为技术支持，但是已不能满足现今图书馆联盟间的书目进行汇总。
现在的网上书目多以地区性图书馆的书目加以汇总，能使读者的查询结果覆盖更大范围的图书馆。
CALIS：China Academic Library & Information System，中国高等教育文献保障系统。
是经国务院批准的我国高等教育“211工程”“九五”“十五”总体规划中三个公共服务体系之一。
CALIS的宗旨是,在教育部的领导下，把国家的投资、现代图书馆理念、先进的技术手段、高校丰富的文献资源和人力资源整合起来，建设以中国高等教育数字图书馆为核心的教育文献联合保障体系，实现信息资源共建、共知、共享，以发挥最大的社会效益和经济效益，为中国的高等教育服务。
CIP：CIP就是图书在版编目数据，它是英文Cataloguing In Publicntion的缩写。
指依据一定的标准,为在出版过程中的图书编制书目数据，经图书在版编目产生的并印刷在图书主书名页背面或版权页上方的书目数据称为在版编目数据。
MARC：机读编目格式标准（英语：MA chine-R eadable C ataloging，缩写：MARC），是一种图书管理的通讯格式标准，用以让图书馆或出版商之间作目录信息交换用途。
MARC标准沿于美国国会图书馆于1970年代开发的目录格式。
虽然说是标准，但其实MARC是各国的机读编目格式标准的一个大集合，每个国家依然有自己的格式标准。
AAbbreviated title简名（连续出版物）；见Key-titleAbridgement简本、节本Access point检索点；参见HeadingAccompanying material附件Acronym首字母缩略词Activity card游戏卡；参见Game, KitAdaptation (Music)改写曲（音乐）；参见Arrangement (Music) Added entry附加款目；参见Main entryAdded title page附加题名页；参见Series title page。
上海环球金融中心合同文件(准备事项Preliminaries)
SWFC MC合同文件准备事项（PRELIMINARIES）12/2004A部分----准备事项索引说明与定义1.00说明1.01定义1.02工期（period）的计算1.03工程现场1.04接受现有的现场1.05合同范围1.06分包合同范围1.07涉及建筑施工的MEP分包工程范围1.08设备与管道等的油漆1.09提供一切必需的物品1.10免费服务与维修1.11对现场通路的责任1.12道路和人行道13.13工作场地投标与合同1.14技术报送件的要求1.15合同形式16.16工程的实施1.17设计责任1.18不一致1.19工作顺序1.20更新协议（不使用）1.21规范条款的含义1.22报送件与信函1.23工程进度计划24.24开工时/施工期间的报送件1.25施工管理程序1.26工作时间1.27已完成的打桩工程、临时围堰墙与挖方合同1.28已完成的打桩工程和临时围堰墙的缺陷29.29总额投标与固定价格1.30总承包提供建筑设施（备）协调员1.31考察现场32.32现场指示1.33业主/工程师1.34停工指示1.35总承包商对额外工作的索赔1.36分包商对额外工作的索赔1.37总承包商对计日工作的索赔1.38分包商对计日工作的索赔1.39暂定项目1.40较小的变更1.41变更工人、材料和工艺1.42工人1.43非法工人的雇用1.44住在现场的职工1.45现场职工管理1.46临时厕所1.47安全措施1.48总承包商/分包商/直接承包商对工伤发出通知1.49现场会议1.50材料样品、装饰样品（本）的认可1.51实物模型1.52专利品1.53材料和工艺的质量1.54试验与检查1.55材料产地1.56施工设备与装置的归属1.57材料与施工设备的货车运输与装卸1.58试验证明1.59样品楼层和实物模型临时工程1.60施工设备、脚手架、吊装、运进和运出等1.61支撑1.62模板和模具1.63发动机消声器1.64白天标记和警告灯1.65工程师和其他业主代表的办公室1.66总承包商的车间、办公室和库棚1.67为指定分包商和直接承包商提供方便1.68消防设备1.69浮力1.70除水1.71临时排水1.72侵蚀损害1.73台风或大雨的预防工作1.74临时供水1.75临时照明和电力1.76临时围墙（围篱）、遮护和通道1.77布告牌、广告与宣传1.78名（铭）牌分包和直接承包1.79直接承包商1.80对政府部门或公用事业公司的照料1.81对指定分包商和直接承包商的照料1.82与指定分包商和直接承包商的配合1.83建筑设施协调一般义务1.84临时附属建筑物1.85不使用1.86施工图和制作图1.87放线1.88尺寸1.89良好的秩序1.90日报告和照片91.91对其他分包和临近财产的损害1.92对临近财产、道路、公用工程的保护以及对损坏的修复1.93对毗邻财产占有者的打扰1.94对公众的保护1.95参观者1.96看守人员1.97设备的重量1.98火灾1.99材料的安全保管1.100工程与材料的保护1.101冷、热天气1.102对所有专业工种的保护1.103发票1.104施工期间对现场的一般清理1.105害虫控制1.106试验和试运行1.107完（竣）工1.108施工过程照片1.109竣工文件（资料）1.110竣工图1.111竣工照片1.112验收证书出具后的缺陷责任期1.113保证(Guarantee)1.114保证期1.115担保书1.116备件1.117关于自流泉水池排水的排放的报告（Report on discharge of drainageof artesian spring tank）1.118风向和风速的观测1.119维修1.120工程完成一年后和两年后的检查1.121从接收最初送电到最终移交这段时间电气设备的维修、管理与电费的控制1.122从上下水连接及煤气与干管的连接到最终移交这段时间的煤气费1.123对参观者的回应1.124文明工地1.125法定的批准1.126履约担保A部分----准备事项说明与定义1.00说明A部分－准备事项（包括A部分的附录A、B、C、D、E和F）应结合B部分－技术规范一起阅读，如A部分与B部分之间有可作两种或多种解释的词语，则应以A部分---准备事项中的词语为准。
冬奥会英语词汇大全
冬奥会英语词汇大全一、运动项目大类冰上项目：1.短道速滑short-track speed skating2.速度滑冰speed skating3.花样滑冰figure skating4.冰球ice hockey5.冰壶curling雪上项目：1.雪车bobsleigh2.钢架雪车skeleton3.雪橇luge4.高山滑雪alpine skiing5.自由式滑雪freestyle skiing6.单板滑雪snowboarding7.跳台滑雪ski jumping8.越野滑雪cross-country skiing9.冬季两项biathlon10.北欧两项Nordic combined二、详细项目三、动作技巧四、装备:手套Gloves头盔Helmet护颈Neck Protection连身服Racing Suit护腿板Shin Protection冰鞋Boots冰刀Blades五、其他常用词汇吉祥物Mascot冰墩墩Bing Dwen Dwen雪容融Shuey Rhon Rhon火炬传递Torch Relay奥林匹克圣火Olympic flame冰丝带The Ice Ribbon冬奥会Winter Olympics Games冬残奥会WinterParalympic Games国际奥林匹克委员会The International Olympic Committee (IOC) 一起向未来Together for a SharedFuture体育精神Sportsmanship奥运精神the Olympic Spirit业余爱好者Amateur奥运场馆Olympic venue金牌Gold medal冰场Ice rink冰刀Blades奥运会代表团Olympic Delegation奥运会运动员Olympicathlete残奥会运动员Paralympicathletes火炬点燃仪式Torch Lighting Ceremony主办国Host Country主办城市Host City奥运村The Olympic Village开幕式Opening Ceremony闭幕式Closing Ceremony六、运动项目历史1.速度滑冰Speed skatingSpeed skatingis a competitive form of ice skating in which the competitors race each other in travelling a certain distance on skates. Types of speed skating are long track speed skating, short track speed skating, and marathon speed skating. In the Olympic Games, long-track speed skating is usually referred to as just "speed skating", while short-track speed skating is known as "short track". The ISU, the governing body of both ice sports, refers to long track as "speed skating" and short track as "short track skating".2.短道速滑Short Track Speed SkatingShort track speed skating is only about 100 years old and a product of North America. Speed skating, however, dates back to 13th century Holland. Short track speed skating originated in Canada and the United States in 1905 with the first known competition having taken place in 1909. By he 1920s and 30s, the sport was gaining popularity in Great Britain, Japan, France, Belgium and Australia. While short track speed skating became part of the International Skating Union (ISU) in 1967, it wasn't until 1976 that official ISU competitions began.3.花样滑冰Figure SkatingFigure skating is a sport and activity in which individuals, duos, or groups perform on figure skates on ice. It was the first winter sport included in the Olympics, in 1908. The four Olympic disciplines are men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing. Non-Olympic disciplines include synchronized skating and four skating. From intermediate through senior-level competition, skaters generally perform two programs (short and long) which, depending on the discipline, may include spins, jumps, moves in the field, lifts, throw jumps, death spirals, and other elements or moves.4.冰球Ice HockeyIce hockey is a contact team sport played on ice, usually in a rink, in which two teams of skaters use their sticks to shoot a vulcanized rubber puck into their opponent's net to score points. Ice hockey teams usually consist of four lines of three forwards, three pairs of defensemen, and two goaltenders. Normally, each team has five players who skate up and down the ice trying to take the puck and score a goal against the opposing team.5.冰壶CurlingCurling is a sport in which players slide stones on a sheet of ice towards a target area which is segmented into four concentric circles. It is related to bowls, boules and shuffleboard. Two teams, each with four players, take turns sliding heavy, polished granite stones, also called rocks, across the ice curling sheet towards the house, a circular target marked on the ice. Each team has eight stones. The purpose is to accumulate the highest score for a game; points are scored for the stones resting closest to the centre of the house at the conclusion of each end, which is completed when both teams have thrown all of their stones. A game usually consists of eight or ten ends.。
2019专八阅读理解练习题附答案：动物世界
2019专八阅读理解练习题附答案：动物世界备考英语专八考试的同学们，无忧考英语频道特别整理了《2019专八阅读理解练习题附答案：动物世界》一文，希望对大家备考有所帮助，在此预祝大家顺利通过考试。
2019专八阅读理解练习题附答案：动物世界Naturally, m a group of animals as diverse as the snakes, and with so many varied enemies. there are numerous defensive reactions and devices. There is. however, one general pattern of behavior. In the presence of suspected enemy the first reaction is to try to escape observation; if this fails, the next resort is the flight co some inaccessible retreat, but if this is not possible, or is circumvented. various kinds of intimidatory gestures and warning devices are broughtinto play; in the last resort the snake attacks. This pattern vanes with the circumstances; some stages may be omitted or combined unpredictably whilst all some notoriously irascible species may dispense with all the preliminaries and attack almost at once. though seldom or never without some provocation.Amongst the factors that increase aggressiveness are hunger, the mating season and surprise, with the last mentioned the commonest; when hunting for food or for mate. activity and the aggressive instinct are both at their peak. Owing to their poor sense of hearing snakes are very liable to be, quite literally, caught napping and a similar situation arises during their periods of temporary blindness just before sloughing (蜕皮)begins. By far the greatest number of snake-bit accidents result from the unwitting disturbance of resting snakes. and this hazard is much increased with species that are well disguised and whose natural instinct is to trust to this concealment as their principal defense. As well as differences in aggressiveness between individuals of the samespecies according to the circumstances and conditions, there are also notable differences between species, even closely allied species; and the reports of those who have been attacked may understandably be lacking in objectivity. So it is impossible to forecast. even in outline, how any encounter will develop.The Hamadryad, for example, is usually credited with being amongst the most aggressive of snakes. and there are many accounts of unprovoked attacks, yet on one occasion fourteen men and seven dogs passed and returned within two yards from a nest and no snake was seen although the female. which guards the nest, could not have been far away.1.When a snake meets a potential enemy, its primary device is______________.A) avoiding any observationB) Finding a safe shelterC) giving a warning threatD) starting a quick attack2.The underlined phrase dispense with all the preliminaries in Paragraph I most probably means________________.A) the snakes combine all the previous three stepsB) the snakes give up all the previous three stepsC) che snakes follow all the previous steps one by oneD) the snakes reverse the order of all the previous steps3.A snake is most aggressive when_______________.A) it meets a possible enemyB) it is caught when it is sleeping or sloughingC) it is disturbed unknowinglyD) it seeks a partner in che mating season4.It is difficult to predict what would happen when asnake meets a man because____________.A) no one bas ever clearly known how he himself was bitB) man tends to be subjective when he describes his encounter with a snakeC) the aggressiveness of the snakes differs according to diverse situationsD) a snake does not begin co attack without provocation5. The author uses the example in the last paragraph m support his idea that___________.A) snakes do not begin the aggressive act if it is notdisturbedB) some snakes are more aggressive and more ready to attackC) it is hard to forecast whether and how snakes would attackD) snakes often conceal themselves as their principal defense答案：1.当蛇遇到了潜在的敌人，它主要的做法会是______________。
工程特别词汇
工程特别词汇建筑英语2010-03-19 16:29:51 阅读19 评论0 字号：大中小订阅A Preliminaries / General conditionsC Existing site / buildings / services (前面把这项打成B, 特此更正)Preliminaries 这个字找不到对应的中文, 查字典的翻译都没反映这个字的建筑清单中的意思. 由中同建设工程造价管理协会与香港测量师学会合编的"英汉工程造价管理词典"也没给出对这个字(单字应用, 在清单中的一章)时的翻译. 有两个翻译,倒也给出清单中这章的部份意思.1. Preliminary bill (工程的)开办清单2. Preliminary expenditure (工程的)筹备费/初期支出.其实在英式清单里, 这Preliminaries一章, 与GB50500的措施费相对应, 但比措施费多了些内容.下面是SMM7, A preliminaries / general conditions 的内容:A10 Project particulars 项目相关信息1. Name, nature and location 项目名称, 工程内容, 工程所在地(地址)2. Names and addresses of Employer and consultants 业主与中介(咨询公司,顾部公司或个人)的名称(名字)与地址A11 Tender and Contract documents 投标与合约(合同)文件(文档)1. List of drawings / other documents 图纸明细表/其它文件A12 The site / existing buildings 现场/ 现有建筑物1. Site boundaries 工地(场)范围2. Existing buildings on or adjacent to site 现场上的或相邻的建筑物3. Existing mains / services 现有管道/电缆4. Others, details stated 其它, 给出详情A13 Description of the Works 工程说细描述1. Elements of each new building 每座新建筑的构件2. Dimensions and shape relating to each building 新建筑各自尺寸与形状3. Details of related work by others 由他人施工的相关工程详情A20 The Contract / Sub-contract 合约/ 分合约(总包与分包合约)1. Schedule of clause headings of standard conditions (所用)标准合同(合同范本)各条款名称2. Special conditions or amendments to standard conditions 特别条款或标准条款变更3. Appendix insertions 附录目录4. Employer’s insurance responsibility 业主保险责任范围5. performance guarantee bond / collateral warranties 履约担保书(或金)/ 共同担保书(注: Collateral 两个人的交互互动, 这担保书是第三者为你而开出给业主的担保书, 由你与第三者共同担保, 毁约发生时,业主可向第三方索赔)(业主, 也称发展商,开发商, 就是国内所惯称的甲方)A30 Employer’s requirements : tendering / Sub-letting / Supply 业主要求: 投标/分包/供应1. Details stated 给出细则(注: 投标保函, 分包规定, 对供应商的规定, 等等)A31 Employer’s requirements : Provision, content and use of documents业主要求:提供, 内容与文件(文档的应用)1.Details stated 给出细则(注:业主对你应提供的文件的细节要求, 文件的应用方式与版权等等)A32 Employer’s requirements : Management of the Works业主要求: 工程管理1. details stated 给出细则(注: 业主对你在工程管理上的要求, 如施工人员的资格, 人数等等)A33 Employer’s requirements : Quality standards / control业主要求:质量管理标准/ 控制与保证1. Details stated 给出细则(注: 基本的质量要求由工程说明书/规程定下了, 这儿是提出较特另的要求, 如承包商需有ISO9000持量管理体系认证,等)A34 Employer’s requirements : Security / Safety / Protection业主要求: 保安/ 安全/ 保护1. Noise and pollution control 噪音与环境污染控制2. Maintain adjoining buildings 维护相邻建筑物3. Maintain public and private roads 维护松共与私有道路4. Maintain live services 维护应用中的设施(包括水电供暖等公共设施)5. Security 保安6. Protections of work in all sections 保护全部工作/资产7. Others 其它A35 Employer’s requirements : Specific limitations on met hod / sequence / timing/ use of site业主要求: 对方法/程序/时间(表)/工场应用的特殊限制1. Design constraints 设计限制2. Method and sequence of work 对工作应用的方法与程序(次序)3. Access 通道4. Use of the site 现场土地应用5. Use or disposal of materials found 现场发现的物件的应用与处置6. Start of work 开工(日期)7. Working hours 工作时间(段)8. Others 其它A36 Employer’s requirements : facilities / Temporary works / Services业主要求:设施/ 临时工事/ 水电等供应1. Offices 办事处2. Sanitary accommodation 卫生设施3. Temporary fences. Hoardings, screens and roofs 临时篱芭, 围护, 隔离板, 防雨蓋4. Name boards 工程显示牌5. Technical and surveying equipment 技术与测量工具6. Temperature and humidity 温度与湿度(保温空调)7. Telephone / facsimile installation and rental / maintenance 电话/ 传真设备, 租金/维护8. Others 其它9. Telephone / facsimile call charges 电话/传真费用(Prov sum)A37 Employer’s requirements : Operation / maintenance of the finished building业主要求: 完成建筑物的操作/ 维护1. details stated 列出细节(注:这个主要是移交手续, 机电设备验收, 设备操作手册, 业主维修人员培训)A40 Contractor’s general cost items : management and staff 承包商一般运作费用: 管理与员工A41 Contractor’s general cost items : Site accommodation承包商一般运作费用: 工场临时住宿A42 Contractor’s general cost items : Services and facilities承包商一般运作费用: 水电保暖与设备1. power 电供2. Lighting 照明3. Fuels 燃料/燃油4. Water 水供5. Telephone and administration 电话与行政6. Safety, health and welfare 安全(施工), 卫生, 福利7. Storage of materials 物料储存8. Rubbish disposal 废料处理9. Cleaning 日常清洁工作10. Drying out 排水/烘干11. protection of work in all sections 各部工作(建筑物)保护(维护)12. Security 保安13. Maintain public and private roads 维护公共与私人道路14. Small plant and tools 小型机械与工具15. Others 其它16. General attendance on nominated sub-contractors 指定分承包的照管A43 Contractor’s general cost items : Mechanical plants承包商一般运作费用: 大型施工机械1. Crane 起重机械, 塔吊, 混凝土泵等2. Hoists 小型起重机械3. personnel transport 人员运输4. Transport 运输5. Earthmoving plant 土石方机械6. Concrete plant 混凝土机械7. piling plant 打桩机械8. paving and surfacing plant 铺设与找平机械9. Others 基它A44 Contractor’s general cost items : Temporary works承包商一般运作费用: 临时工事1. Temporary roads 临时道路2. Temporary walkways 临时走道3. Access scaffolds 交通脚手架4. Support scaffolding and propping 支撑脚手架5. Hoardings, fans, fencing, etc 围护, 通风, 围栏6. Hardstanding 硬质停车坪7. traffic regulations 交通控制8. Others 其它A50 Work / Products by/on behalf of the employer 业主自做工作(程)/自供材料或代业主执行工作(程)/供料1. Work by others directly employed by Employer details stated工作由业主直接聘请的分包执行, 列细节2. Attendance on others directly employed by the Employer, details stated (由总承包)向业主直接聘用分际包所提供的服务, 列细节3. Materials provided by or on behalf of the Employer, details stated 由业主直接/或(由供应商)代业主提供有材料, 列细节A51 Nominated sub-contractors 指定分承包1. Sub-contractor’s work (PC Sum) 分承包工作事项2. Main contractor’s profit (%) 总承包利润3. Special attendance, details stated (item) 总承包提供的服务, 列细节A52 Nominated suppliers 指定供应(料)商1. Supplier’s material (PC Sum) 提供的材料2. Main contractor’s profit (%) 总承包利润A53 Work by statutory authorities / undertakers 由法定机关/承担人执行的工作(程)1. Work by local authority 当地公共设施机关承担的工作2. Work by statutory undertakers 由法定承包商执行的工作(程)A54 Provisional work 暂定工作1. defined 定义明确的工作2. undefined 定义不明确的工作A55 Dayworks 计日工1. Labour 劳务2. materials 材料3. plant 机械注: a. Nominated subcontractor and Nominated supplier 所负责的工作就是Prime Cost itemsb. Provisional workc. Dayworks 相当于contingencies以上三种加起来就相当于GB50500的预留金注: A11 这条款把清单与图纸/规程/其它相关文件结合起来.A20 这条款把清单与合约紧密结合.这两条款GB50500没有相应的规定.。
英语词汇学 英语词汇学习题1及答案
试题一第一部分选择题I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the bracket。
(30％）1。
In Old English there was _______ agreement between sound form.A。
moreB. littleC。
lessD。
gradual2.Both LDCE and CCELD are _______。
A。
general dictionariesB. monolingual dictionariesC. both A and BD。
neither A and B3。
The word ”MINISKIRT" is _______。
A。
morphologically motivatedB. etymologically motivatedC. semantically motivatedD. none of the above4。
The most important way of vocabulary development in present—day English is _______。
A。
borrowingB。
semantic changeC。
creation of new wordsD. all the above5。
Generalization is a process by which a word that originally had a specialized meaning has now become ________.A。
generalizedB。
expandedC. elevatedD。
犯罪术语英语词汇
犯罪术语英语词汇第一篇：犯罪术语英语词汇犯罪术语英语词汇红灯区:adult business district抢劫：robbery逮捕证：arrest warrant暗杀：assassin保释金：bail敲诈，勒索：blackmail黑市：black market装尸袋：body bag非法闯入：break in行贿受赂：bribery窃听：bug入室盗窃：burglary虐待儿童：child abuse消除财务信息的电脑黑客：computer cleaner囚犯：convict信用卡欺诈：credit-card fraud犯罪：criminal强奸：rape死刑：death penalty被告：defendant原告：accuser吸毒：drug abuse酒后驾驶：drank driving一级谋杀案【premeditated murder】：first-degree murder 伪造：forgery赌博：gamble黑帮：gang劫持：hijack冲动犯罪：impulse 【Crimes such as shoplifting, raping, vandalizing, etc.that are done on an impulse.】青少年犯罪：juvenile delinquency黑手党：Mafia 【A secret society that originated in Italy in the 1860’s.The Mafia now widespread, and is focused on power and profit.】洗钱：money laundering假释：parole 【A conditional release of an offender from confinement before the expiration of his or her sentence.The offender is usually placed under the guidance of a parole officer.】伪证：perjury扒手：pickpocket腐败：corruption系列命案的杀手，连环杀手：serial killer第二篇：邮政术语英语词汇邮政术语英语词汇YN801型铅志夹钳 MODEL YN801 Lead seals tongsYN801型铅志夹钳用印模 Seals model for MODEL YN801 lead seals tongs包裹、印刷品、总包设备噪声测量方法Measurement methods of noise for parcel equipment flat equipment & bag equipment 包裹粗分机 Primary parcel sorting machine包裹收寄电子秤Electronic weighing instrument for parcel posting包裹细分机技术条件Specifications for secondary parcel sorting machines多媒体邮电业务查询台技术条件Specifications of the multimedia inquiry system of post and telecomunucationservices 给据邮件条码签国际挂号函件部分Bar code label for record mail International registered correspondence滚筒式邮袋除尘机邮电专用汽车标志挂式邮政信箱 Wall mail box 国际包裹五联单Bill in five parts for international postal parcels国际明信片 International postcard国际业务用航空公司代码 Codification of air carriers for postal services国际业务用机场代码Codification of airports for postal services185国际邮件袋牌 International label of mail bags国际邮件互换局代码Codification of international mail exchange offices国内邮件袋牌 Bag-label for domestic mail国内邮件单据通用技术条件General specifications for domestic mail documents贺卡信封 Congratulatory card envelope红框理信机技术条件Specifications of red box letter facing machines金属按扣式封志 Metal button seal全国邮政管理和生产机构代码编制规则Rules of coding for nationwide postal establishments双孔铅志 Lead seal with double holes信函分拣机测试卡片 Testcard of letter sorting machines信函分拣设备电磁兼容性静电放电和电快速瞬变脉冲群抗扰度要求Electromagnetic compatibility of letter sorting equipment Immunity technical requirements of electrostatic discharge & electrical fast transient burst信函分拣设备技术词汇 Technical vocabulary for letter sorting equipment信函过戳机技术条件Specifications of letter letter stamping machine信函邮票盖销机技术条件Specifications for letter stamp-cancelling machine信筒 Pillar box用户服务中心技术要求 Technical requirement of 185 customer care邮袋 Mail bag邮袋封扎带 Plastic tying string for mail bag邮袋封扎绳 Closing string for mail bags邮电日戳技术条件 Specifications for date-stamps of post and telecommunication邮简 Letter-card邮件封面书写规范国际信函Writing specifications on mail envelopes international letters邮件封面书写规范国内信件Writing specifications on mail envelopes domestic letters邮政包裹包装箱（国内）Packing boxes for parcels邮政带式输送机固定式胶带机Belt conveyor for mail processing fixed fabric belt conveyor邮政日戳用铅字钉 Type for post date-stamp邮政特快专递详情单 Detail bill for express mail service邮政特快专递业务单据国际特快专递邮件封发清单EMS operational forms Express mall service manifest邮政特快专递业务单据国内特快专递邮件封发清单EMS operational forms Dispatch list for domestic EMS邮政特快专递业务单据国内特快专递邮件收发路单EMS operational forms Delivery bill for domestic EMS邮政特快专递业务单据收发航空邮件总包路单 EMS operational forms Delivery bill airmails邮政条码生成器技术条件Specifications of postal bar-code producers邮政业务词汇特快专递部分Postal service vocabulary EMS part邮政营业电子秤准确度等级Accuracy class of postal counter electronic weighing instrument邮资票品和集邮品的分类与编码规则the classification and the principle of coding of postage item and pgilatelic item 住宅楼房信报箱 Private letter box for multi-storey and high-rise block of flets 磅秤 scale包裹 parcel包裹吊牌 parcel tag包裹附单 despatch note包裹营业台 parcel counter包裹邮件 parcel post包装纸 brown paper;parcel paper报值邮件 insured letter报纸 newspaper背面 back本地邮件 local mail本国大宗包裹 domestic mail in bulk本国邮件 domestic mail本人不在 addressee absent本人拒收 refused by addressee玻璃橱窗 showcase玻璃柜 showcase齿孔 perforation储蓄利息表 interest rate table船运邮件 sea mailLetter-post items 函件bulk mail 大宗邮件the insured letter 保价信函registered letter 挂号信the surface mail平信return receipt 邮件回执the speed post 邮政快件the electronic mail 电子邮件all kinds of correspondence 各类函件EMS(Express Mail Service)特快专递print matter/papers 印刷品the small packet 小包package/parcel 包裹post code 邮政编码letter telegrams 书信电报the telegraph service 电报业务public telex 公众用户电报urgent telegrams 加急电报ordinary telegrams 普通电报stamp collector 集邮者the Souvenir Folder 纪念邮折the First Day Cover 首日封miniature sheets 小型张the block of postage stamps 四方连邮票the pair of postage stamps 双连邮票ordinary stamps 普通邮票special stamps 特种邮票stamp album 集邮册picture cards 美术明信片Christmas cards 圣诞贺卡postal savings 邮政储蓄the money order 邮政汇票邮政设备邮opening tables with dust absorption 除尘开拆台letter dust removal machines 信函除尘机cancelling machines 盖销机franking machines 邮资机stamping machines 过戳机parcel posting machines 包裹收寄机automatic parcel delivery machines 自动取包机automated registration machines 自动挂号登单机the pillar-box/postbox [英]邮筒，信筒the mailbox [美]邮筒，信筒邮政管理the General Post Office in the Provincial Capital 省会邮政局2 the Postal Hub 邮政枢纽the Station Branch Office 车站支局an information desk 问讯处、咨询服务台a retail shop 零售店、亭或柜台a packing counter 包装柜台the office of destination 寄达局retail shops for newspapers and periodicals 报刊零售亭、店9 self-run mail routes 自办邮路the quickest route 最快邮路邮联UPU(The Universal Postal Union)万国邮联UPU Consultant 邮联专家The Asian-Pacific Postal Union 亚洲太平洋邮政联盟(亚太邮联)4 the member country其他the insured value 保价金额the insurance charge 保价费the highest limit 最高限额the sealing wax 封蜡；火漆privatemarks 私人印志draft paper 牛皮纸adhesive tapes 胶带block letter 大写印刷体on the top of the right-hand 右上角第三篇：法律术语英语词汇现在随着英语的普及，越来越多的专业词汇需要被大家知道、学习，文章中介绍了关于法律专业英语词汇，供大家学习。
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The Theory of the Firm The Theory of Consumer Behavior
Chapter 1: Preliminaries
Slide 13
Theories and Models
Microeconomic Analysis
Models:
a mathematical representation of a theory used to make a prediction.
Chapter 1: Preliminaries
Slide 11
The Themes of Microeconomics
Microeconomics and Prices
The How
role of prices in a market economy prices are determined
Limited
Resources
Chapter 1: Preliminaries
Slide 9
The Themes of Microeconomics
Microeconomics
Allocation
of Scarce Resources and
Trade-offs
In a planned economy
Chapter 1: Preliminaries
Slide 14
Theories and Models
Microeconoபைடு நூலகம்ic Analysis
Validating a Theory
The validity of a theory is determined by the quality of its prediction, given the assumptions.
Chapter 1: Preliminaries
Slide 16
Positive Versus Normative Analysis
Positive Analysis
Positive analysis is the use of theories and models to predict the impact of a choice.
Chapter 1: Preliminaries
Slide 2
Preliminaries
Microeconomics deals with:
Behavior of individual units
When
•
Consuming
How we choose what to buy
Chapter 1: Preliminaries
Chapter 1: Preliminaries
Slide 15
Theories and Models
Microeconomic Analysis
Evolving the Theory
Testing and refining theories is central to the development of the science of economics.
Chapter 1
Preliminaries
Chapter 1: Preliminaries
Slide 1
Topics to be Discussed
The Themes of Microeconomics
What Is a Market? Real Versus Nominal Prices Why Study Microeconomics?
“You
can’t always get what you want”
*Economics degree from London School of Economics
Chapter 1: Preliminaries
Slide 8
The Themes of Microeconomics
Why Not?
Chapter 1: Preliminaries
Slide 12
Theories and Models
Microeconomic Analysis
Theories are used to explain observed phenomena in terms of a set of basic rules and assumptions. For example
Preliminaries
Microeconomics deals with:
Markets: The interaction of consumers and producers
Chapter 1: Preliminaries
Slide 5
Preliminaries
Macroeconomics deals with:
Analysis of aggregate issues:
Economic
growth
Inflation
Unemployment
Chapter 1: Preliminaries
Slide 6
Preliminaries
The Linkage Between Micro and Macroeconomics
Microeconomics is the foundation of macroeconomic analysis
Chapter 1: Preliminaries
Slide 7
The Themes of Microeconomics
According to Mick Jagger* & the Rolling Stones
In a market economy
Chapter 1: Preliminaries
Slide 10
The Themes of Microeconomics
Microeconomics and Optimal Trade-offs
1. Consumer Theory 2. Workers 3. Theory of the Firm
Slide 3
Preliminaries
Microeconomics deals with:
Behavior of individual units
When
•
Producing
How we choose what to produce
Chapter 1: Preliminaries
Slide 4