宾语从句讲解和练习 (1)

宾语从句讲解和练习（附答案人教版）
人教版中考英语之宾语从句
1. 宾语从句：在句中作宾语，由连词连接主句和从句，下列句中划线部分是宾语从句
例：He didn’t know who the man was. 他不知道那个男人是谁？
2. 限制宾语从句的连接词有三点要注意
①宾语从句是陈述句意思，用that作连词，that可以省略
例：He said that he was waiting for a bus. 他说他正在等一辆公共汽车。

②宾语从句是一般疑问句的意思，则用if和whether作连词
例：I don’t know if（或whether）he will come. 我不知道是否他将会来？
③宾语从句是特殊疑问句的意思，用疑问词作连词
例：I don’t know what he will buy. 我不知道他将买什么？（what作连词）
Jim knew how many people they visited.
Jim 知道他们邀请了多少人。

(how many people作连词）3. 限制宾语从句的语序只有一点：宾语从句中，主语要在前，谓语在后
例：Do you know whose watch it is ? 你知道是谁的手表吗？（主语it在前，谓语is 在后）
Do you know who is reading in the room?
你知道是谁正在房间里读书吗？（主语who在前，谓语is reading在后）
4. 限制时态有三点
①如果主句是一般现在时，一般将来时，或现在完成时，宾语从句可以根据实际的情况用任何时态
例：Do you know what he did yesterday? （时间是yesterday，宾语从句用一般过去时）你知道昨天他做了什么吗？
②如果主句是过去时态，则从句只能用过去的时态（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时，都是过去的时态）
例：The teacher wanted to know why Jim was late for school yesterday.（宾语从句是一般过去时）
老师想知道，吉姆昨天为什么迟到了。

He said that he had bought a book already. （宾语从句是过去完成时）
他说他已经买了一本书。

③如果宾语从句指的是客观真理，格言，解释科技内容或强调现在的事实，必须用一般现在时
例：He knew that the sun rises in the east. （太阳在东边升起是客观真理，宾语从句用一般现在时）
他原来就知道太阳从东边升起。

5. 如果主句主语是第一人称，且动词是believe和think时，则常常在主句否定，而不在从句否定
例：I think you are right. 我认为你对。

I don’t think you are right.我认为你不对。

6. 下列三个划线的句子意思相同，在宾语从句中，语序不变
例：I don’t know what is wrong with Jim?我不知道Jim有什么不舒服？
= I don’t know what is the matter with Jim?
= I don’t know what is the trouble with Jim?
7. if和whether的意思相同，表示“是否”：下列情况只用whether，不用if
①放在不定式前例：Please tell us whether to go or stay. 请告诉我们是走还是留。

②句中有or或or not时例：I wonder whether I’ll catch the last bus or not.
我想知道是否我会赶上最后一班公共汽车。

8. 感叹句如何放在宾语从句中
例：How excited the boys are!
We know how excited the boys are. 我知道孩子们是多么兴奋。

9. 注意下列常用句型的主语和谓语。

①The boy is at home.
主语连系动词表语（is和at home一起做谓语）
②The boy cleans the room every day. （The boy 是主语；cleans是谓语）
③The boy doesn’t clean the room every day. （The boy 是主语；doesn’t clean 是谓语）
④Does the boy clean the room every day? (the boy 是主语；Does 和clean一起构成谓语)
⑤What does the boy do every day? (the boy 是主语；does 和do一起构成谓语)
⑥They can finish the work on time. （They是主语；can finish 是谓语）
⑦They are watching TV now. （They 是主语；are watching 是谓语）
⑧They will have a party tomorrow. （They是主语；will have 是谓语）
⑨She has found her pen. （She 是主语；has found 是谓语）
宾语从句巩固练习：
把下列直接引语变为间接引语
1. Jim said to Mary, “I watch TV every day.”
Jim told Mary ________________________________.
2. Jim asked Jenny, “Do you often clean your room?”
Jim asked Jenny ______________________________.
3. Tom asked Mary, “What time do you play chess every day?”
Tom asked Mary ______________________.
4. Tom said to Mary, “Open the window, please.”
Tom told Mary ________________________________.
单项选择：
1. Do you know ________ for Shanghai last night? ------At 9:00.
A. what time he leaves
B. what time does he leave
C. what time he left
D. what time did he leave
2. The boys asked ________.
A. when could they go
B. what they would do next
C. where they will go
D. how did they get there
3. Please tell me ________. I have some good news for him.
A. where Robert lives
B. where does Robert live
C. where Robert lived
D. where did Robert live
4. You are growing so fast. Can you tell me ________ now?
A. how fast are you
B. how fast you are
C. how tall are you
D. how tall you are
5. May I come in? I’m sorry I am late. ------Come in, please. But could you please tell me ________?
A. why you are late again
B. what were you doing then
C. who you talked with
D. how do you come to school
6. While flying，a bat（蝙蝠）makes a sound which hits things and comes back to its ears. In this way it’s able to know ________ the things are and avoid（避免）bumping into（撞到）them.
A. how
B. where
C. what
D. which
7. Excuse me, but may I ask you ________?
A. what business are you in
B. what business you’re in
C. in what business are you
D. are you in what business
8. Why did Miss Wang look so worried when we saw her? ------Because she wondered ________.
A. where did the other students go
B. when would the policeman come
C. what her students have done during the trip
D. if her students had survived（幸存下来）the earthquake
9. Do you know ________? ------Sorry, I don’t know.
A. where does Jimmy work
B. where Jimmy works
C. how does Jimmy go to work
D. what does Jimmy do
10. Excuse me, could you tell me ________? ------Certainly. Go straight ahead and you’ll see it on your left.
A. where the post office is
B. when you will visit the museum
C. where is the post office
D. when will you visit the museum.
11. Alice, I hear there is a new library in your city. Could you tell me ________? ------Sure.
A. how far is it
B. how I can get there
C. where is it
D. which bus should
I take
12. He asked me ________ we could go to Beijing to watch the game by plane.
A. that
B. if
C. how
D. what
13. The shop assistant said he knew ________.
A. where does the manager（经理）live
B. where the manager lives
C. where did the manager live
D. where the manager lived
14. Sorry, I don’t know what the teacher said just now. ------He asked Maria ________.
A. how long she usually spends on her homework
B. what she was doing these days
C. why didn’t Mike come to the meeting yesterday
D. when the speech will begin
15. I’m a teenager’s mother. Sometimes I don’t know ________. ------Love and understanding.
A. what my son needs most
B. what does my son want to get
C. why my son gets annoyed very often
16. Have you decided ________ the children in the poor area? ------By sending them books and schoolbags.
A. how you will help
B. what you will give
C. when will you call
D. how much will you send
17. I wonder ________.
A. how much cost these shoes
B. how much these shoes cost
C. how much do these shoes cost
D. how much are these shoes cost
18. Could you tell me ________? ------He is an actor. A. who he is B. what is he C. what he does
19. My friend wanted to know ________ with his new car.
A. what wrong is
B. what is wrong
C. what wrong was
D. what was wrong
20. Mom wanted to know ________ last weekend.
A. what Amy does
B. what does Amy do
C. what Amy did
D. what did Amy do
21. The plane hasn’t arrived yet. Could you tell me ________?
A. why the plane is late
B. how is the plane late
C. when will the plane arrive
D. that the plane arrives
22. Can you tell me ________ from here? ------About three miles.
A. how far it is
B. how much it is
C. how far is it
D. how much is it
23. Could you please tell me ________? ------I live in Wuhan, Hubei.
A. where do you live
B. if you live in Enshi
C. where you live
D. where you were born
24. You must remember ________.
A. what your father said
B. what did your father say
C. your father said what
25. My physics teacher said that light ________ faster than sound. A. travel B. travels C. traveled
26. Do you know ________ now? ------In the People’s Hotel.
A. where is Tom working
B. where did Tom work
C. where Tom is working
D. where Tom worked
27. Can you guess ________ the MP4 player yesterday? ------Sorry. I’ve no idea about it.
A. how much did he pay for
B. how can he get
C. how much he paid for
D. how he has got
28. There’s a red car parking in our neighborhood. Do you know ________ it is?
A. what
B. who
C. whose
D. whom
29. I wonder ________ without water.
A. how long man can live
B. how long can man live
C. when man can live
D. when can man live
30. Could you tell me ________?
A. where can I park the car
B. what are you looking for
C. how do you send an e-mail
D. who saved my daughter
31. The summer holiday is coming. Have you decided ________ ?
------I’m planning to go to Hawaii（夏威夷）, the most wonderful place for water sports.
A. when you’re going to enjoy it
B. how often are you going to enjoy it
C. where you’re going to enjoy it
32. Did Mr. White tell you ________ ? ------Yes. He said he went there in 2003.
A. when he traveled to Tibet（西藏）
B. how he goes to Wuhan
C. where he spent his holidays
D. why did he visit Kunming
33. Excuse me. Could you tell me ________ later on? ------Wait a minute. It is coming in ten minutes.
A. if the next train arrives
B. if the next train will arrive
C. when the next train arrives
D. when will the next train arrive
34. Could you tell me ________? ------By underground.
A. how did you come here
B. how you came here
C. when did you come here
D. when you came here
35. He asked me ________.
A. if she will come
B. how many books I want to have
C. they would help us do it
D. what was wrong with me
36. Do you know ________ ? ------He has gone to the museum.
A. where he lives
B. where he is
C. how he is getting on
D. what’s wrong with him
37. What did your teacher say just now? ------He asked me ________ this morning.
A. how did Tom come to school
B. when Tom got to school
C. why was Tom late for school
38. Mrs. Brown couldn’t find her purse（钱包）. She didn’t remember ________.
A. whose it was
B. where it was
C. what it was
D. when it was
39. I hear that Yi Zhongtian will come to Shanghai and give a talk. ------Really? Do you know ________?
A. what will he talk about
B. where will he give a talk
C. how will he come
D. when he will arrive
40. Excuse me, could you tell me ________? ------There’s a bank on the second floor. You can make it there.
A. where I can change money
B. how I can get to the bank
C. if there’s a bank near here
D. where the bank is
41. What did you say to your mother just now? ------I asked her ________ she cooked for dinner.
A. that
B. if
C. how
D. what
42. Could you tell me________ for the meeting yesterday? ------Because the traffic was bad.
A. why did you come late
B. why you came late
C. why do you come late
D. why you come late
43. I’d like to know ________.
A. if will he pass the exam
B. if has he passed the exam
C. if he has passed the exam
44. Do you remember ________ he came here? ------Of course I do. His father drove him here.
A. whether
B. when
C. how
D. why
45. Paul, I hear you have just bought a very expensive MP4. I want to know ________. ------Oh, in Japan.
A. how much it costs
B. where you bought it
C. which country is it made in
46. Did you know ________ at the bus stop? ------Maybe their teacher.
A. who are they waiting for
B. whom they are waiting for
C. whom they were waiting for
47. I didn’t understand ________, so I raised（举起）my hand to ask.
A. what my teacher says
B. what does my teacher say
C. what my teacher said
D. what did my teacher say
48. Could you please tell me________? ------Bus No 32 will take you right there.
A. where is Shanghai Museum
B. what Shanghai Museum is like
C. how can I get to Shanghai Museum
D. which bus I shall take to Shanghai Museum.
49. I don’t know ________ Tom will go or not. A. what B. whether C. how D. why
50. What did the teacher say just now? ------He said that the earth ________ round the sun.
A. go
B. goes
C. going
D. will go
51. I want to write to Sam, but I don’t kn ow ________.
A. where is his address
B. where his address is
C. what place is his address
D. what his address is
52. We can use QQ to talk with each other online. ------Really? Could you please show me ________ it?
A. what to do
B. how to do
C. when to do
D. why to do
53. Please ask our aunt ________.
A. what is wrong with her
B. where shall we live
C. why she did that for
D. what is her father
54. Do you know ________ an English movie tomorrow night?
A. is there
B. there is going to be
C. there is going to have
D. will there be
55. Does anybody know if ________ to Shenzhen in the morning next Saturday?
A. is there a flight
B. there is a flight
C. there was a flight
D. was there a flight
56. You can’t imagine ________ when they received these nice Christmas presents.
A. how they were excited
B. how excited they were
C. how excited were they
D. they were how excited
57. Do you know ________ son the little boy is? A. whose B. if C. who D. when
58. I didn’t know ________.
A. what was the matter
B. what is the matter
C. what the matter was
D. what the matter is
59. We are sure ________ he ________ to speak French well.
A. that, learn
B. that, has learned
C. if, learned
D. if, has learned
60. We couldn’t find out ________, so we asked a policeman.
A. whose bike it was
B. whose bike was it
C. whose it was bike
D. whose was it bike
61. Do you know ________ take to get to the hospital?
A. which way must we
B. which must we way
C. which way we must
D. which we must way
62. I didn’t know ________ they could pass the exam or not. A. why B. when C. that D. whether
宾语从句参考答案：
把下列直接引语变为间接引语
he watched TV every day
if(whether) she often cleaned her room
what time she played chess every day
to open the window
单项选择：
1到20题CBADA BBDBA BBDBA ABCDC
21到40题AACAB CCCAD CACBD BBBDA
41到60题DBCCB CCDBB DBABB BAABA
CD。