黑龙江省哈尔滨市(东北三省四市)2020届高三下学期高考模拟考试英语试题 Word版含解析

黑龙江省哈尔滨市（东北三省四市）2020届高三下学期
高考调研模拟英语试题
本试卷分为第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分。

第I卷1至11页，第II卷11至12页。

考试结束，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第I卷
注意事项：
1. 答第I卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在本试卷和答题卡相应位置上。

2. 选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号、不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。

第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

例：How much is the shirt?
A. £19.15.
B. £9.15.
C. £9.18.
答案是B。

1. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In a restaurant.
B. In a supermarket.
C. In the kitchen.
2. What are the speakers talking about?
A. The man’s sister.
B. A party.
C. An actor.
3. Who is going to work in Los Angeles?
A. Sam.
B. Betty.
C. John.
4. What will the man do next?
A. Get the candle.
B. Make a phone call.
C. Hand in his report.
5. What did the young man do?
A. He hit a boy.
B. He made a U-turn.
C. He crossed the road crazily.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，
每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. Whose wallet it is.
B. Where the wallet is.
C. What is in the wallet.
7. What will the man do next?
A. Go to the supermarket.
B. Search in the house.
C. Make a phone call.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。

8. Where does the man work?
A. In a school.
B. In a gym.
C. In a club.
9. How far can the woman run in an hour on the running machine?
A. About 7 kilometers.
B. About 8 kilometers.
C. About 10 kilometers. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。

10. When did the woman catch the thief?
A. On Monday morning.
B. On Monday afternoon.
C. On Tuesday morning.
11. What did the thief buy?
A. Some small articles.
B. Some of the cheapest things.
C. One of the most expensive dresses.
12. What’s the real relationship between the assistant and the thief?
A. Mother and daughter.
B. Teacher and student.
C. Shop assistant and customer.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。

13. What is the man doing here?
A. Taking a business trip.
B. Having a holiday alone.
C. Visiting his girlfriend.
14. How much will the man pay for the insurance?
A. $15.
B. $45.
C. $135.
15. Where will the man return the car? A. In Los Angeles. B. In San Francisco. C. In New York 16. What will the woman do next? A. Bring the man the keys. B. Talk about the insurance. C. Bring the man some forms. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

17. What are “mall rats” according to the speaker?A. Those who spend a lot of time in malls. B. Those who shop regularly in malls. C. Those who steal things from malls. 18. Which is not the reason why people like malls? A. Feeling safe. B. Free parking. C. Reasonable price. 19. How many night clubs are there in the Mall of America in Minnesota? A. 35. B. 8. C. 7. 20. When was the first indoor mall built in America? A. In 1935. B. In 1963. C. In 1965. 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节：（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A
The city of Toronto is the capital of Ontario and is a popular tourist destination with its beautiful city attractions, activities, sights, and so much more to enjoy.
During your time in the city, you can find theme parks, historic locations, beautiful nature areas, and great shopping opportunities. Prepare for an unforgettable vacation to the city with many of the locations listed below.
Popular Toronto, ON Attractions
Canada's Wonderland
This amazing 330-acre theme park allows for the entire family to enjoy their time in the city of Toronto, Ontario. The park offers a variety of rides for all ages including thrilling rides and roller coasters, family areas and rides featuring over 25 attractions and rides, and amazing live shows to enjoy during your visit. During the warmer months, the park also includes a 20-acre water park to cool off and relax together with fun slides, pools, and more. To make the park a full-day adventure, there are multiple dining options as well for a bite to eat when hunger sets in.
Toronto Helicopter Tours
The city of Toronto has a lot to offer from its skyline including historic locations, skyscrapers, and more. With Toronto Helicopter Tours, you can see all of these amazing sights from high above the sky for the perfect bird’s eye view of the city. Your experienced guide will provide a live commentary （报导）along the way to point out points of interest, as well as give fun facts and information about certain areas. The tour will be the perfect opportunity to get photos of the city and of your travels as you fly up to 2,000 feet over the beautiful downtown Toronto sky.
Hop On - Hop Off City Tour
See the beautiful city of Toronto with this amazing hop on and hop off city tour. This city tour allows you to get around the city in an one-of-a-kind way to see many popular locations in the downtown area. The tour allows you to hop off at any time to see the sites and then hop on again to continue getting around the city. The full tour without hopping off takes 2 hours if you are wanting to get a great overview o£ the city to decide where to go first as well as get great photos from t he double decker bus. Locations along the way of the tour include the Bata Shoe Museum, Casa Loma, Dundas Square, Park Hyatt, CN Tower, Union Station, Harbourfront, Distillery District, and so much more.
1. Where can our family get fun in a water park on a hot day?
A. Canada's Wonderland
B. Toronto Helicopter Tours
C. Hop On-Hop Off City Tour
D. CN Tower
2. What can you experience in the helicopter tour?
A. Thrilling rides and roller coasters.
B. Driving a plane as a pilot.
C. 2 hours of getting around the city.
D. A great overlook of the city.
3. What place cans Hop On - Hop Off City Tour lead visitors to in the passage?
A. The downtown area.
B. Toronto's Universities
C. The Theme Park.
D. Ontario's other areas
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. A
【解析】
【分析】
本文为说明文。

文章介绍了多伦多市是安大略省的首府，是一个受欢迎的旅游胜地。

它的美丽的城市景点以及活动,让你拥有一个难忘的假期。

【1题详解】
细节理解题。

根据“Canada's Wonderland”部分中的.During the warmer months, the park also includes a 20-acre water park to cool off and relax .。

在温暖的月份，公园还有一个20英亩的水上公园来帮你降温和放松。

由此可知，在炎热的天气里，一家人在水上公园“anada's Wonderland”可以玩得开心，故选A。

【2题详解】
细节理解题。

根据“Toronto Helicopter Tours”部分中的With Toronto Helicopter Tours, you can see all of these amazing sights from high above the sky for the perfect bird’s eye view of the city. 有了多伦多直升飞机之旅，你可以从高空俯瞰所有令人惊叹的景点。

可知，多伦多直升飞机之旅，让你俯瞰这座城市。

“fr om high above the sky for the perfect bird’s eye view of”意为“高空俯瞰”，overlook意思为“俯视”。

故选D。

【3题详解】
细节理解题。

根据“Hop On - Hop Off City Tour”部分中的See the beautiful city of Toronto with this amazing hop on and hop off city tour. This city tour allows you to get around
the city in an one-of-a-kind way to see many popular locations in the downtown area. 在这个令人惊叹的“Hop On - Hop Off City Tour”城市之旅中，这个城市之旅让你以一种独一无二的方式游览城市，在市中心（the downtown area）看到许多热点景区。

故选Ａ。

【点睛】新闻广告类材料是高考的热门考题。

其文句简练，信息量大，句式使用简单，表达方式多样，但阅读这类题目也是有规律可循的。

此类文章主要考查学生提取信息和处理信息的能力。

既注重特定细节的筛选、类比、综合，又注重推理判断题的考查。

题目设置相对较易。

答题时没有必要弄清每一句话，只要重点理解和题目有关的信息就可以了。

做这类题时没有必要阅读全文。

宜采用“倒序法”来处理。

即先看问题，后看文章内容，略读问题和选项，带着问题阅读。

这样在阅读中有重点，有针对性地读，冗余无效的信息可略读甚至是不读。

如第3小题What place can Hop On - Hop Off City Tour lead visitors to in the passage?可定位于“Hop On - Hop Off City Tour”部分中的See the beautiful city of Toronto with this amazing hop on and hop off city tour. This city tour allows you to get around the city in an one-of-a-kind way to see many popular locations in the downtown area. 在这个令人惊叹的“Hop On - Hop Off City Tour”城市之旅中，这个城市之旅让你以一种独一无二的方式游览城市，在市中心（the downtown area）看到许多热点景区。

故选Ａ。

B
He really did look like a tourist, with a camera around his neck and a bottle of sunscreen cream sticking out of his bag. The fat man sat on the terrace （平台），sipping lemonade and pretending to look at a tourism brochure. His sunglasses masked his eyes, but I knew he wasn't looking at the brochure: he hadn't turned a page for the last ten minutes. As I brought him his dishes, he coughed up a "thank you" and looked at me briefly. I tried not to stare at the tiny scar across his left eyebrow.
I walked back inside with my empty tray, shaking my head. He looked familiar, but I couldn't quite place him. Then it hit me. The car accident. The mysterious stranger who helped me out of my crashed car, just before it exploded. I rushed back to his table. He was gone.
I moved his saucer and found his tip, along with a card：I am deeply grateful to you. The night o£ your car accident, I was on my way to rob a jewelry store. Saving your life brought things back in a right way. I now live an honest life, thanks to
you. God bless you! Mr. D.
I shivered（震颤）.The night of my car accident, I was heading for an interview in an illegal dance club. Seeing human kindness through his heroic gesture turned my life around and brought faith back into my life. I unfolded the tip he left. Among the singles was a grand （—千块）with a pen mark underlining “In God We Trust.”I said a silent prayer for him and got back to work, smiling.
4. Why did the fat man look like a tourist?
A. Because he used money not the same as the locals.
B. Because he carried what tourists usually have on.
C. Because he doesn't look like a native citizen.
D. Because he ordered strange food and drinks.
5. How did the writer knew the man didn't read the brochure?
A. He was drinking all the time.
B. He sat still with his sunglasses.
C. The page remained unturned.
D. He was staring at the writer.
6. What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A. They kept in touch with each other since then.
B. The writer had been searching for the man.
C. The man became a rich man years later.
D. The writer didn't go to that interview.
7. What is their attitude towards each other?
A. Sympathetic.
B. Grateful.
C. Worried.
D. Trusty.
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. D 7. B
【解析】
【分析】
本文为记叙文。

一个要去抢劫的陌生人在车祸中救了作者的命，改变了双方的生活，让这个要抢劫的人恢复正常的生活，让作者看到了人性的善良，重拾生活的信心。

后来两人在作者工作的地方重遇，他给作者留下小费和卡片来感谢作者，作者也为他祈祷。

【4题详解】
细节理解题。

根据第一段“He really did look like a tourist, with a camera around his neck and a bottle of sunscreen cream sticking out of his bag. The fat man sat on the terrace （平台），sipping lemonade and pretending to look at a tourism brochure.” 他看起来真的像个游客，脖子上挂着相机，包里还带着一瓶防晒霜。

胖子坐在露台上，喝着柠檬水，假装在看旅游手册。

由此可知，胖子带着旅客常带的东西，故选B。

【5题详解】
细节理解题。

根据第一段中的“he hadn't turned a page for the last ten minutes.” 他已经十分钟没有翻页了。

可知他是假装在看宣传册。

故选C。

【6题详解】
推理判断题。

根据第二段“The car accident. The mysterious stranger who helped me out of my crashed car, just before it exploded.”可知，那个神秘的陌生人在我的车爆炸前帮我从撞坏的车中出来。

最后一段“The night of my car accident, I was heading for an interview in an illegal dance club.” 车祸发生的那天晚上，我正要去一家非法舞蹈俱乐部参加面试。

由此可推断出作者去面试前发生车祸而没有去面试。

故选D。

【7题详解】
推理判断题。

第三段“I moved his saucer and found his tip, along with a card：I am deeply grateful to you. T thanks to you. God bless you! Mr. D.”可知，我移了他的盘子，发现了他给的小费，还有一张卡片：“我非常感激你。

愿上帝保佑你！D先生”。

第四段“The night of my car accident, I was heading for an interview in an illegal dance club. Seeing human kindness through his heroic gesture turned my life around and brought faith back into my life. I said a silent prayer for him and got back to work, smiling.” 车祸当晚，我正前往一家非法舞蹈俱乐部接受面试。

他的英雄行为让我看到了人性的善良，使我的生活发生了变化，并使我对生活重挫拾信心。

我默默地为他祈祷，由此可知，这个人救了作者的命并让其对生活重拾信心，作者为此感谢他。

由此可推断出他们想互感激。

故选B。

【点睛】推理判断试题属于高层次阅读理解题。

这种题型包括判断题和推理题。

这两类题常常相互依存，推理是为了得出正确的判断，正确的判断又依赖于合乎逻辑的推理。

如第3小题属于推理判断题。

推理判断题。

根据第二段“The car accid ent. The mysterious stranger who helped me out of my crashed car, just before it exploded.”可知，那个神秘的
陌生人在我的车爆炸前帮我从撞坏的车中出来。

最后一段“The night of my car accident, I was heading for an interview in an illegal dance club.” 车祸发生的那天晚上，我正要去一家非法舞蹈俱乐部参加面试。

由此可推断出作者去面试前发生车祸而i没有去面试。

故选D。

根据事实细节来推断合理信息。

推理题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，做出一定判断和推论，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。

推理题所涉及的内容可能是文中某一句话，也可是某几句话，但做题的指导思想都是以文字信息为依据，既不能做出在原文中找不到文字根据的推理，也不能根据表面文字信息做多步推理。

也就是说，要做到判断有据, 推论有理, 忠实原文。

切忌用自己的观点代替作者的本意，切忌片面思考，得出片面结论。

C
Instagram（图片分享社交应用程序）is about to take its biggest step toward removing likes from its platform. After months of testing an option to hide likes in select international markets, Instagram, which is owned by Facebook（FB）, has already been testing hiding likes in seven other countries, including Canada, Ireland and Australia. For years, likes have been central to how celebrities, brands, politicians and everyday users experience Instagram and Facebook. It's a way of measuring popularity and success. But in recent months, Instagram has been rethinking how likes contribute to making its platform more toxic. Now it's considering a change.
The total number of likes on posts — which appear as hearts on the app ——will disappear from Instagram's main feed, profile pages and permalink（永久链接）pages. The owner of the account can still see their own likes, but their followers won't know the count.
CNN Business previously spoke with users in countries with the test. The majority felt this move would improve well-being on the app. Instagram is the most detrimental （不利的，有害的）social networking app for young people's mental health, such as negatively impacting body image, according to one study.
But other users and psychologists said hiding likes won't fix everything. The test doesn't address some of the key ways that activity on Instagram can impact the well-being of users, including bullying, feeling left out and thinking other people's lives are better than their own.
Renee Engeln, a psychology professor at Northwestern University, voiced his opinion that the biggest impact of Instagram is the content and the exposure to this constant stream of perfected images is what seems to hurt psychologically. Plus, users can still see their own likes ——and feel badly if their posts don't perform well.
8. How do users experience Instagram in this passage?
A. By giving likes.
B. By hiding likes.
C. By selecting platforms.
D. By showing off talents.
9. The underlined word “toxic” in Paragraph 1 most probably means “”.
A. profitable
B. poisonous
C. popular
D. positive
10. What can we infer from the passage?
A. Instagram has affected youngsters' mental health.
B. The account owners won't know the count o£ likes.
C. Instagram tested hiding likes in seven countries first.
D. The majority think Instagram has been a well-being app.
11. What could be the best title of the passage?
A. Instagram Misuses Likes
B. More People Are Against Likes
C. Likes Cause Mental Problems
D. Likes will Be Hidden on Instagram
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. A 11. D
【解析】
【分析】
本文为说明文。

Instagram即将迈出最大的一步，从它的平台上移除“点赞”。

因为“点赞”让平台变得更“有毒”的，几个月来 Instagram一直尝试在一些国际市场隐藏“点赞”功能。

【8题详解】
细节理解题。

根据第一段中“For years, likes have been central to how celebrities, brands, politicians and everyday users experience Instagram and Facebook.” 多年来，“点赞”一直是名人、品牌、政客和普通用户体验Instagram和Facebook的核心。

由此可知，体验Instagram是通过点赞的形式，故选A，
【9题详解】
猜测词义题。

根据划线词的上文“For years, likes have been central to how celebrities, brands, politicians and everyday users experience Instagram and Facebook. It's a way of measuring popularity and success.”多年来，点赞一直是名人、品牌、政客和日常用户体验Instagram和Facebook的核心重点。

点赞是衡量受欢迎程度和成功的一种方法。

接着用转折连词but引出下文“But in recent months, Instagram has been rethinking how likes contribute to making its platform more toxic. ”可知，最近几个月，Instagram 一直在反思“点赞”是如何让自己的平台变得更“toxic”。

But表示与前文相反的意思。

可知，前文叙述“点赞”是一种有用方法，那“toxic”是与之相反的，不好的。

再结合“Instagram is about to take its biggest step toward removing likes from its platform..” Instagram即将迈出最大的一步，从它的平台上去除点赞。

可推断出，去除点赞可能是因为它的不好的一面。

分析选项A. profitable有利可图的；B. poisonous有毒的；
C. popular受欢迎的；
D. positive积极的。

可知A、C和D都是好的一面，只有B项是不好的。

由此推断出“toxic”是有毒的。

【10题详解】
推理判断题。

根据第三段“The majority felt this move would improve well-being on the app. Instagram is the most detrimental（不利的，有害的）social networking app for young people's mental health, such as negatively impacting body image, according to one study.” 大多数认为此举将提高app的健康。

一项研究显示，Instagram是对年轻人心理健康最有害的社交网络应用，比如对身体形象产生负面影响。

由此可推断出Instagram影响了青少年的心理健康。

故选A。

【11题详解】
主旨大意题。

本文第一段叙述了Instagram即将迈出最大的一步，从它的平台上移除“点赞”。

几个月来 Instagram一直在尝试在一些国际市场隐藏“点赞”功能。

因为“点赞”平台变得更“有毒”的。

接着下文具体分析了“点赞”造成的不好的影响，从而正要隐藏“点赞”。

文章分析“点赞”带来的不好的影响，所以要在Instagram隐藏“点赞”功能。

因此D项是最最佳题目。

故选D。

【点睛】在阅读中我们经常会考查猜测词义题。

事实上，阅读材料中的每个词与它前后的词语或句子甚至段落都有联系。

运用逻辑推理猜测词义是使用最广考查最多也最易失分的猜词方式，这要求考生具备整合分散、复杂信息的能力，充分利用上下文（各种已知信息）并结
合具体的语境推测、判断某些词或短语的词义。

例如第2小题词意猜测题。

根据划线词的上文“For years, likes have been central to how celebrities, br ands, politicians and everyday users experience Instagram and Facebook. It's a way of measuring popularity and success.”多年来，点赞一直是名人、品牌、政客和日常用户体验Instagram和Facebook 的核心重点。

点赞是衡量受欢迎程度和成功的一种方法。

接着用转折连词but引出下文“But in recent months, Instagram has been rethinking how likes contribute to making its platform more toxic. ”可知，最近几个月，Instagram一直在反思“点赞”是如何让自己的平台变得更“toxic”。

But表示与前文相反的意思。

可知，前文叙述“点赞”是一种有用方法，那“toxic”是与之相反的，不好的。

再结合“Instagram is about to take its biggest step toward removing likes from its platform..” Instagram即将迈出最大的一步，从它的平台上去除点赞。

可推断出，去除点赞可能是因为它的不好的一面。

分析选项 A. profitable有利可图的；B. poisonous有毒的；C. popular受欢迎的；D. positive积极的。

可知A、C和D都是好的一面，只有B项是不好的。

由此推断出“toxic”是有毒的。

D
Living with your parents has its benefits at least when it comes to raising your kids― their grandkids. Two new studies add to the evidence that grandmothers can enhance the survival of grandchildren. That is, unless grandma's too old or lives too far away.
Humans are unusual in that the females live long past the age at which they stop having babies. Patrick Bergeron, professor of biology at Bishop's University in Quebec, said that most of the organisms will reproduce up to their very last moment. This increase is often explained by the so-called "grandmother effect". He thinks there could still be a benefit for women who stop having babies to increase their genetic footprint by helping their daughters to raise larger families.
To explore the "grandmother effect" hypothesis （假设），Bergeron and his colleagues examined nearly 200 years' worth of French-Canadian population records from the 17th and 18th centuries. "At the time, life was tough. In some years, a third o£ the kids were not even making it to one year of age.” But the researchers found that having a grandmother still alive was a definite plus."Families with grandmothers alive were larger by about two and the survival of these grandchildren to age 15 was
much improved."
This beneficial effect was only seen when the matriarchs （女家长）lived nearby. That role is tougher for them to fulfills as they get older in poor health, which brings us to the second study. The researchers found that the benefits associated with having a grandmother on hand depended on her age. Once manna hit 75, the grandchild survival benefit disappeared. This was almost certainly due to some form of indirect resource competition, though, rather than wickedness （邪恶）on the part of co- resident grandmothers.
So a healthy grandma helps make for a healthy grandchild. If ',over the river and through the woods to grandmother's house" isn't too long a trip.
12. What's the second paragraph mainly about?
A. Differences between animals and human beings.
B. Disadvantages of living with grandmas
C. Grandmothers' influence on the kids.
D. What's called“grandmother effect”.
13. How does the writer describe about the French-Canadian population more than three hundred years ago?
A. By voicing opinions.
B. By providing facts.
C. By giving examples.
D. By telling stories.
14. What can we infer from the second study?
A. Society should be concerned about the old women.
B. Grandmothers over 75 years old are unwilling to help.
C. Some grandmothers may occupy kids' relative recourses.
D. Some grandmothers are getting wicked after they are old.
15. Which of the following can be the most helpful grandmother according to the passage?
A. A healthy one living nearby. ,
B. A healthy one living abroad.
C. An old one living in a nursing home.
D. A knowledgeable one living together.
【答案】12. D 13. B 14. C 15. A
【解析】
本文为议论文。

文章论述了什么是“祖母效应”，以及“祖母效应”对子孙辈的好处。

【12题详解】
主旨大意题。

分析第二段的内容可知，本段主要叙述了人类的不同寻常之处在于，雌性的寿命远远超过了停止生育的年龄。

大多数生物会一直繁殖到生命的最后一刻。

Patrick Bergeron，魁北克Bishop大学的生物学教授说。

生育后寿命的延长通常可以用“祖母效应”来解释。

他认为，对于那些停止生育的女性仍然可以通过帮助女儿组建更大的家庭来增加她们的基因足迹。

由此可知，本段主要对于什么是“祖母效应”进行了解释和说明。

故本题选D。

【13题详解】
推理判断题。

第三段Bergeron and his colleagues examined nearly 200 years' worth of French-Canadian population records from the 17th and 18th centuries. "At the time, life was tough. In some years, a third of the kids were not even making it to one year of age.” But the researchers found that having a gran dmother still alive was a definite plus. "Families with grandmothers alive were larger by about two and the survival of these grandchildren to age 15 was much improved." Brgeron和他的同事研究了17和18世纪(三百多年前)近200年的法裔加拿大人口记录。

当时的生活很艰难。

那些年里三分之一的孩子甚至活不到一岁。

但研究人员发现，有一位仍然健在的祖母无疑是一个优势。

“有祖母的家庭可能要多活两岁左右，这些孙辈活到15岁的几率大大提高”由此可知，本段以三百年前的法裔加拿大人的事实（具体的数据）为依据说明有祖母的好处。

故选B 。

【14题详解】
推理判断题。

根据第四段 The researchers found that the benefits associated with having a grandmother on hand depended on her age. Once manna hit 75, the grandchild survival benefit disappeared. This was almost certainly due to some form of indirect resource competition, 研究人员发现，有祖母在身边的好处取决于她的年龄，一旦祖母到了75岁，孙辈的生存福利就消失了。

这几乎可以肯定是由于某种形式的间接资源竞争。

由此可推断出，当祖母老了，有些祖母可能会占用孩子相关的资源。

分析选项可知C项符合题意，故选C。

【15题详解】
推理判断题。

根据最后一段So a healthy grandma helps make for a healthy grandchild. If ',over the river and through the woods to grandmother's house" isn't too long a
trip.”所以一个健康的奶奶有助于一个健康的孙子。

如果“过河穿过树林到外婆家”不是一次很长的旅行。

文事的“过河穿过树林到外婆家”意味着离外婆家不远。

由以上的内容可推断出，一个健康的且住在附近不远的祖母对于一个健康的孙子来说很有帮助。

故选A。

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两处为多余选项。

Making other people feel good feels good, and, best of all, it requires little more than a generous heart. Studies show that people feel happier when they do something kind for another person, and b机h recipients and good deed-doers can get the benefits. It can't be smarter idea to create this World Kindness Day.___16___ Learn a friend's language
Picking up a bit of a friend or co-worker's first language and speaking it with them shows them you care and take an interest in their experiences. Making someone feel included and respected will feel a greater sense of belonging, an essential component of happiness.
___17___
Reaching out to someone for the first time in a long time can be an instant remedy （治疗） for whatever trouble you. It's as simple as a text, a note or a Face Time call. Let someone know you're thinking of them, even after some time apart. Studies suggest strong bonds can improve physical health, too.
Genuinely compliment（赞扬）someone
A respectful comment that comes from the heart about someone's unique hair style, excellent performance in a conceit or their great solution to a problem at work might be all it takes to improve someone's mood.___18___
Collect trash you see around your neighborhood
Picking up trash and recyclables off the street beautifies your community and benefits the environment.___19___The environment can't clean itself, after all!
Thank the people in your life
They are the security guard outside of your workplace, the supermarket worker you see every day, your mom. ___20___Thank people for the things, big and small, that they do that improve your life. Gratitude is priceless.
A. Others' positive words could help some people be a bit kinder to themselves, too.
B. If your friends are overweight, that too ups the odds you'll pack on pounds.
C. Open your heart with some small, free ways to make someone's day.
D. Without their help, your world might not rim as efficiently.
E. It might even inspire others to take up the task with you.
F. Reconnect with a friend or family member.
G. Have an eye contact with friends.
【答案】16. C 17. F 18. A 19. E 20. D
【解析】
本文为说明文。

为他人做好事时，自己会感到更快乐，受惠者和做好事的人也能得到好处。

文中介绍了一些让他人和你一样快乐的方法。

【16题详解】
考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。

根据上文“Studies show that people feel happier when they do something kind for another person, and b机h recipients and good deed-doers can get the benefits. It can't be smarter idea to create this World Kindness Day.” 研究表明，当人们为他人做一些好事时，他们会感到更快乐，而受惠者和做好事的人也能得到好处。

创造这个世界慈善日是再聪明不过的主意了。

再结合下文的几个小标题的内容（下文主要提供了一些方式让别人也快乐）。

可推断出空格处是指用一些方式让他人也像你一样快乐。

分析选项可知C项Open your heart with some small, free ways to make someone's day（你敞开心扉，用一些小方式来也让他们感觉开心）符合题意，故选C。

【17题详解】
考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。

空格处是小标题。

根据标题后的内容可知，空格“与朋友分开很久之后，如果你遇到麻烦，可用一条短信、一张便条或一个电话就会重新取得联系”。

空格后“因为研究表明牢固的关系也。

能提高人的身体健康”。

由此可推断出，如果你与朋友或家人失去联系，也要重新取得联系。

分析选项可知F项Reconnect with a friend or family member（与朋友或家人重新联系）符合题意，故选F。

【18题详解】
考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。

本段的小标题为“Genuinely compliment someone” 真诚地赞美某人。

结合空前的“A respectful comment that comes from the heartmight be all it tak es to improve someone's mood.”发自内心的赞美之词可以提高人情绪。

同样地
其他人的积极的话也可以让一些人对自己好一点。

分析选项可知A项Others' positive words could help some people be a bit kinder to themselves, too.（其他人的积极的话语也可以帮助一些人对自己更好一点）符合题意，故选A。

【19题详解】
考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。

本段的小标题为“捡起你周围的垃圾”。

根据上一句“Picking up trash and recyclables off the street beautifies your community and benefits the environment”及下句“ The environment can't clean itself, after all!” 可知，捡起街道上的垃圾和可回收物品可以美化你的社区，也有益于环境。

因为毕竟环境不能自我清洁。

所以大家要一起承担清洁周围的环境，美化环境的任务。

分析选项可知 E项 It might even inspire others to take up the task with you（它甚至可能激励其他人和你一起承担这项任务）符合题意，故选E。

【20题详解】
考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。

本段的小标题为“Thank the people in your life”感谢你生命中的人。

根据上句“They are the security guard outside of your workplace, the supermarket worker you see every day, your mom.”他们是你工作场所外的保安，是你每天都能见到的超市员工，是你的妈妈。

由此可知，生命中的人保障你正常工作。

如果没有他们的帮助，你的世界可能不会像现在这样的高效运转。

分析选项可知D项Without their help, your world might not rim as efficiently（如果没有他们的帮助，你的世界可能不会像现在这样高效运转），故选D。

第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45）
第一节完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Thirteen years ago, we pulled into the driveway, excited and proud, and ___21___ up our kids for photos. It was a big day, but we had no idea how it would___22___our lives. We knew it___23___us as uncool. But we had become minivan（小型货车）people.
That van is linked to so many great___24___——camping trips, a gang of
10-year-old boys ___25___in for a big day at Canada's Wonderland theme park and one three-week holiday to the east coast, full of long ___26___ and classic rock___27___on cassette tapes.。