天津大学大学计算机基础1课程教学大纲

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天津大学《大学计算机基础1》课程教课纲领
课程编号:2160279课程名称:大学计算机基础 1
学时:48学分:经过/ 未经过
学时分派:讲课:28上机: 20实验:实践:实践(周):
讲课学院:计算机科学与技术学院
合用专业:非计算机专业
先修课程:
一.课程的性质与目的
本课程是为全校非计算机专业(不包含工学电类)大学一年级重生开设的一
门计算机基础必修课。

内容波及计算机的基本观点、构成及工作原理、计算机
的主要应用技术概括(包含平常办公办理、多媒体、网络、数据库等方面的基础性、观点性知识及典型软件工具的基本使用方法)、信息安全和社会道德问题等。

课程定位为计算机知识非零起点的大学重生,目的是从应用计算机的角度扩展学
生的视线,使他们能在一个较高层次上认识和应用计算机,为学生进一步学习计
算机技术确立基础。

二.教课基本要求
1.本课程为必修的公共基础课,依据本纲领开课的各专业同一教材、一致
内容、一致要求、一致考试。

2.本课程是一门实践性很强的课程,对基础性、观点性的知识应从应用的角
度出发进行解说,并与实践教课密切联合,经过典型软件工具的使用来加深理解,
提升学生学习基础知识的兴趣。

3.经过本课程的教课,应使学生:
(1)认识计算机的产生、发展历程、发展趋向以及在信息社会中的重要作
用。

(2)理解计算机的基本构造、软硬件基本构成和基本工作原理;掌握计
算机中的数据表示方法。

(3)理解计算机操作系统的观点和基本功能;娴熟掌握 Windows操作系统的基本操作方法;掌握压缩软件、系统保护等适用工具的使用方法;认识其余常
用微机操作系统的特色。

(4)认识办公自动化系统的观点、基本构成和要点技术;娴熟掌握文字处理软件的使用方法;娴熟掌握电子表格软件的使用方法;基本掌握演示文稿制作软件的使用方法。

(5)理解计算机网络有关的观点、术语;认识计算机网络协议、系统构造;认识 Internet的基本知识,娴熟掌握WWW阅读、收发 E-mail 、利用 FTP下载文件等接见 Internet资源的基本方法;掌握Windows网络功能的基本使用方法;
认识基本的网页设计方法和步骤。

(6)理解多媒体技术的有关观点和术语;认识动画的观点及动画制作过程。

(7)理解数据库的有关观点和术语;掌握利用Access成立数据库的基本使用方法。

(8)认识计算机及网络安全的基本知识;掌握计算机防病毒软件的使用方法;认识防火墙软件的基本使用方法。

4.本课程无需先修课程
三.教课内容
1.计算机技术与信息技术
信息与数据
信息技术及其主要特色
信息技术与信息家产
计算机的产生及发展历程
计算机的发展趋向
多媒体技术的观点与应用领域
数据技术的观点与应用领域
信息安全技术及应用领域
认识信息与数据的关系和含义,认识计算机的产生、发展历程及发展趋向,认识多媒体技术、数据技术和信息安全技术的观点与应用领域。

2.计算机构成及工作原理
冯式计算机构造
计算机指令与程序
计算机硬件观点及主要硬件
计算机软件观点及分类
微机的发展概略
微机的主要零件及性能指标
常用数制及数制间的变换
字符编码
计算机中数据的表示
计算机系统的基本工作原理
理解计算机的基本构造与特色,理解指令及指令系统的观点,理解储存程序
工作原理,计算机中的数据与编码;认识微机的发展,认识微机各基本零件的功
能与主要性能指标,认识常用外设的功能。

3.计算机操作系统与应用
操作系统的地位
操作系统的观点与基本功能
操作系统的分类
典型的微机操作系统
WindowsXP的基本使用方法:启动和封闭、桌面、程序管理、资源管理
器(我的电脑)和控制面板的主要功能。

要点掌握 Windows XP文件、文件夹的基本使用方法,掌握程序管理、资源管理器、控制面板的基本使用方法,理解操作系统的观点、分类、功能及 Windows XP 操作系统特色;认识操作系统的发展过程,认识常用的几种微机操作系统,认
识计算机的储存系统,认识常用外设的功能和基本工作原理。

说明: 1) 操作系统的分类只需求掌握到大类,大类下的细类不做要求。

2)对操作系统的功能只介绍拥有哪些功能及简要解说。

3) 认识典型的微机操作系统,不要求UNIX和 Linux 的应用。

4)对于 WindowsXP的操作,要点介绍桌面(包含窗口操作、设置开
始菜单、成立快捷方式、设置任务栏、使用帮助系统等)、资源管理
器(文件(夹)的创立、重命名、复制、挪动、删除、打印、搜寻、关
系等操作)和控制面板(如显示器、输入法、日期与时间、键盘、鼠标、
系统、网络、增添 / 删除程序、增添新硬件等)的使用。

5)对 WindowsXP之外,其余操作系统仅认识其特色不要求掌握详细
的操作命令。

4.计算机与办公自动化
办公自动化的观点及要点技术
办公自动化系统及构成
文字办理软件的应用
表格办理软件的应用
演示文稿制作软件的使用
要点掌握办公务务办理的软件如: WORD、EXCEL、Powerpoint软件的基本操作方法;认识其余的常用办公软件及办公自动化的观点、要点技术和主要内容。

说明:本节内容在讲堂解说时能够用实例来说明各个软件的基本用法,上机解说时要修业生同步操作。

5.计算机网络技术及应用
计算机网络的观点
计算机网络的发展
计算机网络系统构造及协议的观点
开放系统互连参照模型
TCP/IP 系统构造
计算机网络拓朴构造
计算机网络的主要设施:传输介质、网卡、集线器、网桥、互换机、路
由器和网关
Internet的网络构造和地点
Internet的接入方式
Windows XP的网络应用
局域网连结
局域网工作模式设置
资源共享和接见方法
阅读和搜寻 WWW信息
收发电子邮件
文件传输方法
网页制作的基本步骤
网页的布局
要点掌握 e-mail 、www阅读和搜寻、FTP 及接入方式和简单网页制作方法;
理解 Internet的基本构造、地点;认识Internet的发展、主要功能,认识网络协议的观点、OSI 参照模型和 TCP/IP 的系统构造和它们的差异,认识常用网络
连结设施的功能(网卡、集线器、调制解调器、路由器、网桥)。

6.计算机与多媒体技术
多媒体技术的常用术语
多媒体计算机
声音、图像和视频文件的数字化
数据压缩
多媒体技术标准
声音、图像和视频文件的分类
多媒体创作工具简介
Windows XP供给的多媒体附件工具
理解多媒体信息及多媒体技术的特色,理解声音的采样、量化、数字信号、采
样频次、采样精度、编码,理解图像分辨率;认识多媒体计算机、多媒体技术规
格、声音和图像文件的分类、常用文件格式,认识数据压缩及数据压缩的常用方
法、常用多媒系统作工具及 Windows XP供给的多媒体附件工具,认识动画的观点
及动画制作过程。

7.数据库技术与应用
数据库的基本观点
数据与数据办理
数据管理技术的发展
数据模型
数据库的系统构造
数据库系统
关系数据库
数据库系统设计
SQL语言简介
SQL Server 简介
ACCESS的基本应用
掌握Access 数据库的使用方法;理解数据库系统的功能与基本构成,理解数据库及数据库系统的观点和术语;认识数据、信息及数据管理的基本知识,认识数
据库的系统构造和数据库应用系统开发方法和工具,认识SQL 语言和SQL Server。

说明: 1. 认识 E-R 图的使用。

2.要求掌握 ACCESS的使用方法( 包含数据库成立与查问 *) 。

8.计算机与网络安全技术
计算机安全、网络安全和信息安全的关系
计算机系统面对的威迫
信息安全的基本特色
信息安全保护技术的观点及分类
信息接见控制技术
数据加密技术
数据署名技术
数字证书技术
计算机病毒的定义与特色
计算机病毒的种类与根源
计算机病毒的检测与防治
防火墙技术
计算机安全教育
掌握防备病毒的基本方法;认识信息安全与计算机安全、网络安全的联系及
差异,认识信息安全技术在网络信息安全中的作用,认识数据加密和常有的接见控制技术,认识网络信息安全的解决方案及个人网络信息安全的策略,认识计算机病
毒的观点、症状、特征、病毒的主要流传门路和危害。

四.学时分派
教课内容讲课上机实验实践实践( 周)
计算机技术与信息社会10
计算机构成及工作原理40
计算机操作系统与应用43
计算机与办公自动化48
计算机网络技术及应用43
计算机与多媒体技术43
数据库技术与应用概括42
计算机与网络安全31
总计:2820
五.评论与查核方式
以机试为主,采纳计算机考试系统达成考试及评分,考试成绩为期末考试成绩;平常成绩为讲堂考察及课后作业练习查核。

平常成绩和考试成绩各占30%和 70%。

六.教材与主要参照资料
教材:
1)大学计算机基础,王保旗,天津大学第一版社,。

2)大学计算机基础上机指导,迟丽华,天津大学第一版社,。

主要参照资料:
1)大学计算机基础,冯博琴,清华大学第一版社,。

2)大学计算机基础,李秀,清华大学第一版社,。

3)大学计算机基础应用教程,刘春燕,机械工业第一版社,。

4)计算机应用技术教程基础,范慧琳,清华大学第一版社,。

拟订人:
年月日
审查人:
同意人:
同意日期:
TJU Syllabus for Fundamentals of Computer1
Code:2160279Title:Fundamentals of Computer 1
Semester Hours:48Credits:Passed / not passed Semester Hour
Lecture:28 Computer Lab :20Experiment :Practice:
Structure Practice (Week):
Offered by:School of Computer Science and Technology
for:Other specialties than computer science and technology Prerequisite:
1. Objective
This course is an obligatory course for freshmen of non-computer specialties. The contents include basic computer concepts, computer organization and work principles,
main applications of computer (fundamental knowledge and typical software tools in the fields of office automation, multimedia, network, database etc.), information security and social ethic problems etc. The course is for freshmen have some
computer knowledge, the goal is to expand students ’ view from application of computer, enable them understand and use computer on a higher level, let them have the capability of learning deeply computer technology in the future.
2.Course Description
1)The course is an obligatory public elementary course, teaching using
same textbooks, same contents, same examination method.
2)The course emphasizes practicality. It introduces fundamental knowledge
from the application view, and has tight bound with practice. It helps students understand more through the usage of typical software tools, and promotes
students interest on basic knowledge learning.
3)The course enables students:
(1) know the creation, develop history, develop trends, important application in information society of computer.
(2)understand the basic structure, basic software and hardware component and
work principle, grasp data representation in computer.
(3)understand the concept and basic functions of operating system, master the basic usage of Windows, grasp compress software and system maintenance utility, know features of other operating system.
(4)know concepts, components and key technologies of office automation, master the usage of word processing software, master the usage of electronic table software, grasp the usage of presentation maker software.
(5)understand computer network related concept and glossary, know computer network protocols and architecture, know basic internet knowledge, master WWW browsing, E-mail receiving and sending, and FTP file downloading, master usage
of Windows network function, know basic web page design methods and steps.
(6) understand multimedia related concept and glossary, know concept of animate and animate making.
(7) understand database related concept and glossary, grasp basis methods of database creation in Access.
(8) know basic knowledge of computer and network security, master the usage of antivirus software, know the basic usage of firewall software.
(9) This course does not need prerequisite courses.
3.Topics
1)Computer technology and
society Information and data
Information technology and its main features
Information technology and information
industry Birth of computer and its develop
history Develop trends of computer
Concept and application of multimedia technology
Concept and application of data technology
Concept and application of information security
Know the relation between information and data, know computer creation,
develop history and trends, know concept and application of multimedia technology, data technology, and information security technology.
2)Computer Organization Von
Neumann architecture Computer
instruction and program
Computer hardware concepts and main
hardwares Computer software concepts and
classification Develop status of microcomputer
Main components and performance metrics of
microcomputer Conversion of number systems
Character coding
Data representation in computer
Basic principles of computer system
Understand basic structure and feature of computer. Understand concept of instruction and instruction set. Understand principle of storage program ,data and code in computer. Know the development of microcomputer. Know main components and performance metrics of microcomputer. Know function of common peripheral.
3) Operating system
Station of operating system
Concept and basic function of operating system
Classification of operating system
Typical microcomputer operating system
Basic usage of Windows XP: startup and shutdown, desktop,
program manager, file explorer (my computer) and control panel.
Master the usage of Windows XP file and folder. Grasp the basic usage of program manger, file explorer, and control panel. Understand concept, classification and function of operating system. Know the develop history of operating system. Know several frequently used operating system. Know storage architecture of computer. Know function and principle of frequently used peripheral.
Comments:1) Know main class of operating system is enough.
2)Do a brief introduction to operating system functions.
3)Know typical microcomputer operating system which not
include UNIX and Linux.
4)On usage of Windows XP, focus on desktop (use window, set start
menu options, create links, set task bar options, use help system),
explorer (create file(folder), rename, copy, move, delete, print, search,
attach) and control panel (display, input method, date and time,
keyboard, mouse, system, network, install/uninstall program, install
new hardware).
5)For other operating system than Windows XP, only need to know
its feature and not required to master its command.
4)Office automation
Concept and key technology of office automation
office automation system and its architecture
application of word processing software
application of table processing software
usage of present maker software
Master the usage of office automation software such as WORD, EXCEL, Powerpoint. Know concept, key technology and main content of other frequently used office automation software.
Comments: Lecture usage of the software with real example. Let the student do the same as teacher in experiment.
5) Computer network
concept of computer network
development of computer network
computer network architecture and protocol
OSI reference model
TCP/IP architecture
computer network topology structure
main devices of computer network: transport media, network card, hub,
bridge, swither, router and gateway
Internet structure and address
Connect to Internet
Windows XP network application
Local network connection
Local network work mode set
Resource share and visit method
Browse and search WWW information
Receive and send e-mail
File transport
Basic steps to design web pages
Layout of web pages
Master e-mail, www browse and search, FTP and simple web page design. Understand basic internet structure and internet address. Know development of internet, main function. Know concept of network protocol, OSI reference mode and TCP/IP architecture and the difference between them. Know the function of frequently used network connection device (network card, hub, modem, router and network bridge ).
6) Multimedia
Frequently used glossary of multimedia
Multimedia computer
Digitize of sound, image and video
Data compression
Multimedia technology standards
Classification of sound, image and video files
Introduction of multimedia production tools
Multimedia tools in Windows XP
Understand features of multimedia information and technology. Understand sound sample, digitize, digit signal, sample frequency, sample precision, coding.
Understand image resolution. Know multimedia computer, multimedia specification, and classification of sound and image files, common file format. Know data compress and its common method. Know frequently used multimedia production tools and multimedia tools in Windows XP. Know concept of animation and process of animation maker.
7) Database system
Basic concepts of database
Data and data processing
Development of data management technology
Data model
Database architecture
Database system
Relational database
Database system design
SQL language introduction
SQL Server introduction
Basic application of ACCESS
Master the usage of Access. Understand the function and composition of database system. Understand the concept and glossary of database and database system. Know basic knowledge of data, information and data management. Know database architecture, the develop method and tools of database application. Know SQL language and SQL Server.
Comments :1. Know the usage of E-R diagram.
2.Master the usage of ACCESS(include database creation and query).
8)Network security
Relation among computer security, network security and
information security.
Threat faced by computer system
Basic features of information security
Concept and classification of information security
protection Information access control technology
Data encryption technology
Data signature technology
Data certification
Definition and feature of computer virus
Types and origins of computer virus
Detection and cure of computer virus
Firewall technology
Computer security education
Grasp basic methods of antivirus. Know the relation and difference between computer security and network security. Know the role of information security in network security. Know data encryption and access control technology. Know network information security solution and personal network security police. Know concept, symptom, feature, main spread path and harm of computer virus.
4. Semester Hour Structure
Topics Lecture Computer Practice
Experiment Practice
Lab.(Week)
Computer technology and 1 0
information society
Computer organization40
Operating system43
Office automation48
Computer Network43
Multimedia 43
Database system42
Network security31
Sum:28 20
5.Grading
Operation examination is the main type of assessment. There is a final examination with an examination software system. Final score is the final examination score. Usually score is the summarization of course behaviors and homework practice. The ratio of usually and final score is 3:7.
6. Text-Book & Additional Readings
Textbook:
1)Fundamentals of Computers, Baoqi Wang, Tianjin University Press, 2007.8.
2)Laboratory Manual of Fundamentals of Computers, Lihua Chi, Tianjin University
1)Fundamentals of Computers, Boqin Feng, Tsinghua University Press, 2005.9.
2)Fundamentals of Computers, Xiu Li, Tsinghua University Press, 2007.9.
3)Fundamentals of Computers, Chunyan Liu, China Machine Press, 2006.8.
4)Fundamentals of Computers, Huilin Fan, Tsinghua University Press, 2006.8.
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