特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句

特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句
1.掌握特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句的基本构成及重点用法；
2.能在具体的语境中灵活运用本节课的内容。

1. 疑问词引导的宾语从句
当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，疑问词就是引导词，这时疑问词不可省略，而且宾语从句要用陈述语序，即＂疑问词+主语+谓语+其他＂。

►I wonder what I should do next. 我想知道下一步我该做什么。

【警示】宾语从句的标点要根据主句的句子类型来确定。

当主句是陈述句时，句末通常用句点；当主句是疑问句时，句末通常用问号。

2. 含有宾语从句的复合句与简单句的转换
含有宾语从句的复合句在一定的条件下可以转化为简单句。

（1）若主句的主语与从句的主语一致，则由疑问词引导的宾语从句可以变成＂疑问词+动词不定式＂的复合结构。

►I don’t know how I should do it next.=I don’t know how to do it next. 我不知道下一步应该怎样做。

（2）当主句谓语动词是see, hear, watch等时，其后的that从句常简化为＂宾语+动词原形/动词-ing形式＂。

►I saw some boys were playing basketball on the playground just now. I saw some boys playing basketball on the playground just now.刚才我看到一些男孩正在操场上打篮球。

（3）当主句的谓语动词是hope, agree, wish等，且主句的主语与从句的主语一致时，其后以that引导的宾语从句可简化为动词不定式结构。

►He agreed that he could help me with my English. He agreed to help me with my English.
宾语从句除由引导词that，if/whether引导外还可由what，which，whom，when等引导。

宾语从句的引导词
引导词引导词的作用例句
that 本身无意义，只起连接作用，
口语中可省略。

He said (that) Kate was good at swimming. 他说凯特擅长游泳。

if/whether 意为＂是否＂，不
作句子成分，但不能省略。

I wonder if you are a teacher. 我想知道你是否是老师。

what，which，whose，whom等连接代词在从句中作一定的成分，如主
语、宾语、定语等。

I don’t know what they are going to do. 我不知道他们
打算干什么。

He asked me whose book it was. 他问我这本书是谁的。

When(指时间)，where(指地点)，why(表原因)，how(表方式)
等连接副词在从句中作状语。

Could you tell me where you are from?你能告诉我你来
自哪儿吗？
Do you know how they found the place?你知道他们是怎
么找到这个地方的吗？
语序
在含有宾语从句的复合句中，无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都必须使用陈述语序，即“主句十引导词十宾语从句（主语+谓语+其他）”。

因此，当特殊疑问句做宾语从句时，一定要注意语序。

“When will we start?” I wonder. →I wonder when we will start.
When will the sports meeting begin? → Can you tell me when the sports meeting will begin？
当疑问代词what/who 在特殊疑问句中做主语时, 该特殊疑问句本身即是陈述语序，所以转变成宾语从句后无需再调整语序。

"Who watered the flower?” the teacher wonders. → The teacher wonders who watered the flower.
时态
主现从随便，主过从必过，客观事实永一现
(1) 如果主句是一般现在时，宾语从句根据实际情况用各种时态。

My teacher says he will be back in a week. （一般将来时）
我的老师说他将在一个星期后回来。

My teacher says he is watching TV. （现在进行时）
我的老师说他正在看电视。

My teacher says he has seen the movie. （现在完成时）
我的老师说他已经看过这部电影了。

(2）如果主句是一般过去时，宾语从句用相应的过去时态。

My father said he was watching TV at that time.（过去进行时）
我爸爸说在那个时候他在看电视。

My father said the he had already seen the movie. （过去完成时）
我爸爸说他已经看过那部电影了。

注意：如果宾语从句是表示客观真理和规律的句子时，用一般现在时。

Our teacher told us the sun is much bigger than the earth. （一般现在时）
我们的老师告诉我们太阳比地球大多了。

宾语从句可以转换成＂疑问词＋不定式＂结构
如果从句的主语与主句的主语或主句的宾语一致，则由疑问词引导的宾语从句可以转化为“疑问词+动词不定式”结构。

I'm not sure when I can turn off the light. = I'm not sure when to turn off the light.
She doesn’t know where she can park her car. = She doesn’t know where to park her car.
宾语从句的否定前移
当宾语从句表示否定意义时，如果主句的主语是第一人称，谓语动词是think, believe, suppose, expect等词时，通常将否定转移到主句的谓语动词中。

如：I don't believe he will come.
I don't think there is anything wrong with the radio.
【拓展】
1. 当宾语从句的否定词转移时，若主句的主语是第一人称，则该句的反意疑问句由从句来决定。

I don't think he is an honest boy, is he?
2. 当主句的主语不是第一人称时，则该句的反意疑问句由主句来决定。

You believe he will come here soon, don't you?
【魔法记忆】宾语从句口诀：宾语从句三注意，时态语序引导词；主句一般现在时，从句不需受限制；主句一般过去时，从句须用相应时；陈述句转化that引，一般疑问句用if/whether，特殊问句疑问词，引导词后陈述式。

1．（2023·安徽滁州·校联考一模）—Mark, can you tell me _________ makes you a big fan of Chinese culture? —Those beautiful poems by Li Bai.
A．what B．why C．when D．how
2．（2023春·江苏泰州·九年级校联考阶段练习）—I wonder ________. He seems to be very worried.
—His favourite glasses have gone missing and he is looking for them around the school.
A．what’s wrong with Mike B．when Mike came to school
C．who Mike talked with yesterday D．how did Mike come to school this morning
3．（2022春·江苏淮安·九年级校考期中）—Liu Genghong, a singer from Taiwan, has been an online hit these days. Do you know ________?
—A fitness rountine （日常健身）set to “Herbalist Manual” （本草纲目）.
A．how people find his style B．where do he and his wife do exercise
C．what he is best known for D．how long has he kept exercising
4．（2023·江苏·一模）You might think about posting ________ on social media, but it probably won’t result in a useful response.
A．who you are looking for B．what you were looking for
C．what you are looking for D．when you are looking for
5．（2023春·江苏无锡·九年级校考阶段练习）You can never correctly tell ________ just by looking at what they post on Wechat.
A．how is someone dealing with B．what is someone dealing with
C．how someone is dealing with D．what someone is dealing with
6．（2023春·黑龙江哈尔滨·九年级哈尔滨风华中学校考阶段练习）— What do you think ________?
— I think they are kind, gentle and polite.
A．anybody born in the Year of the Rabbit likes
B．anybody born in the Year of the Rabbit is like
C．does anybody born in the Year of the Rabbit look like
7．（2023春·吉林长春·九年级统考阶段练习）—Judy could tell me ________?
—The English exam on Tuesday.
A．what are the students talking about B．what were the students talking about
C．what the students are talking about D．who the students are talking about
8．（2023·四川成都·模拟预测）—Could you tell me ________?
—Sure. It’s about Yue Fei, a hero who lived during the Song dynasty.
A．when this book was finished
B．what this book is mainly about
C．who wrote this book
9．（2023春·江苏泰州·九年级校联考阶段练习）—Do you know ________?
— It will be sunny. The weather will be fine for a picnic.
A．how is the weather like tomorrow B．how the weather will be like tomorrow
C．what the weather is like tomorrow D．what the weather will be like tomorrow
10．（2023春·黑龙江哈尔滨·九年级哈尔滨市虹桥初级中学校校考阶段练习）—Do you know ________ the man beside our head teacher is?
—A PE teacher, I think.
A．who B．what C．where
11．（2023春·江苏·九年级校联考阶段练习）—Hi, Judy, what’s on your mind?
—I am thinking about ________.
A．how long I have joined the club B．how to choose music to listen
C．what makes good friends D．which watch is sold well
12．（2023春·河北石家庄·九年级石家庄市第四十二中学校考阶段练习）—Could you tell me ________ the film?
—To be honest, it’s a little bit boring.
A．when you will see B．when will you see
C．what you think of D．what do you think of
13．（2022·湖北武汉·武汉一初慧泉中学校考模拟预测）—What did she say to you?
—She asked me __________.
A．whether there is a good restaurant around here B．how much did the meal cost
C．what is wrong with Peter D．who cared for icy tea
14．（2022·辽宁沈阳·统考二模）Can you tell me ________?
A．where will I find the bus No.127B．who ordered the potato soup for me
C．are there hotels on the moon D．how much oil does your car use everyday 15．（2022·云南红河·统考二模）— There are lots of people wearing green T-shirts on the street. Do you know ________?
— Of course. They are volunteers who are introducing low-carbon life.
A．what are they B．what they are C．who they are D．who are they
16．（2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·哈尔滨市第十七中学校校考模拟预测）—Do you know________?
—Sorry, I don’t know.
A．whose the pen belongs to B．who the pen belongs to C．whose does the pen belong to 17．（2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·哈尔滨风华中学校考三模）—I wonder________.
—Someone who can make me a better person.
A．when you met your friends
B．how do you make your friends happy
C．who you want to make friends with
18．（2022·湖南岳阳·统考三模）— Can you tell me ________ on the phone now?
— Her grandpa.
A．who is Amanda talking to B．who was Amanda talking to C．who Amanda is talking to 19．（2022·湖北武汉·统考二模）I’ll be away for a few days. I wonder ________.
A．who can take care of my dog B．how can I get to the airport
C．what will the weather be like D．where did you go last time 20．（2022·山东青岛·青岛三十九中校考二模）—Hi, Bruce. Here’s a letter for you.—Thanks. I wonder ___________.
A．who that letter was from
B．why that letter was from
C．whom was that letter from
D．where was that letter from
21．（2020·山东青岛·青岛大学附属中学校考二模）—Tina, could you tell me ________?—Well, usually I do, but sometimes my father does.
A．who do you help with housework B．who takes out the rubbish in your house C．what chores would you like to do D．when you do the dishes in your house 22．（2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·统考一模）—I wonder __________.
—Mike. He is the best at math in our class.
A．who do you help with math B．who helps you with math C．who you help with math 23．（2022·江苏常州·统考一模）I didn’t know __________.
A．how many times he has been to his hometown this year
B．why did he go to France last year
C．what’s the matter with your mother
D．who I could ask for help when in trouble
24．（2022·重庆綦江·校考一模）—What did Mr. Green say?
—He asked ________.
A．how long did you spend on your homework B．whose homework it is
C．who didn’t hand in the homework D．that you handed in your homework 25．（2022·江苏盐城·统考一模）—Could you tell me ________?
—Certainly. Walk straight along this street and you will find it.
A．how can I get to the police station B．where is the police station
C．which is the way to the police station D．how far the police station is
26．（2022春·浙江温州·九年级温州绣山中学校考开学考试）—Excuse me, could you tell me _________?—Well, the one on the right is usually open for 24 hours and you can save money there.
A．why I need to go to banks B．where the nearest bank is
C．which bank I can go after work D．what I should take to a bank
27．（2022·天津和平·统考一模）—I’d like to buy a new jacket, but I don’t know ________.
—How about this one?
A．which should I choose B．which I should choose
C．where I can get it D．where can I get it
28．（2022·福建·模拟预测）—Excuse me. I wonder ________.
—Well, you can search the way on Gaode map directly. It can tell you where to go.
A．where is Xiangjiang Park
B．which the way to Xiangjiang Park is
C．which is the way to Xiangjiang Park
29．（2022·江苏扬州·校考一模）—We haven’t found out _______.
—Why not make a phone call to the travel agency (旅行社)?
A．which city is worth travelling B．which city is worth visiting
C．how much the trip to Beijing cost D．the trip to Beijing lasts for a week
30．（2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·哈尔滨市第四十七中学校考一模）—Excuse me, could you tell me ________?—Walk along this street to the end. You can see it on your right hand.
A．how I could get to No. 3 Middle School
B．which is the way to the Children’s Park
C．where is the post office
31．（2022·云南昆明·云南省昆明市第十中学校考模拟预测）These blind boxes （盲盒）look exactly the same.
I really don’t know ________.
A．which will I buy B．where do I buy C．which I will buy D．where I buy
32．（2022·湖北襄阳·统考一模）—Could you please tell me ________?
—Bus No. 32 will take you right there.
A．where is Xiangyang Museum
B．what Xiangyang Musuem is like
C．how can I get to Xiangyang Museum
D．which bus I shall take to Xiangyang Museum
33．（2022·江苏徐州·统考二模）—Amy, could you tell me ________?
—I’d like to join the drama club.
A．which club you are going to join B．whether there are any clubs in our school
C．why do you like the drama club D．how many clubs are there in our school
34．（2022·吉林长春·吉林大学附属中学校考模拟预测）—Do you know ________ umbrella this is?
—Oh, it’s Peter’s. Let’s give it to him.
A．who B．what C．which D．whose
35．（2021秋·江苏宿迁·九年级统考期中）—Can you guess ________ father is Miss Wang talking with? —Maybe Jack’s.
A．which B．whom C．who D．whose
36．（2023·上海·九年级专题练习）—Do you know ________ license this is?
—Oh, it belongs to Peter. Let’s give it to him.
A．who B．whom C．whose D．what
37．（2022秋·湖北武汉·九年级武汉武珞路实验初级中学校考期中）Eat ________ cake you like and leave the other for ________ comes late.
A．any; who B．whichever, who C．whatever; whoever D．either: whoever
38．（2022秋·福建福州·九年级统考期中）There are many kinds of books in the library and you can choose
________ you like.
A．however B．whenever C．whatever
39．（2023·北京·一模）—Could you please tell me ________?
—Last Friday.
A．when did you visit the National Museum of China
B．when you visited the National Museum of China
C．why did you visit the National Museum of China
D．why you visited the National Museum of China
40．（2023·湖北襄阳·统考一模）—Do you know ________?
—It’s in June.
A．how will Shenzhou XV be back B．how Shenzhou XV will be back
C．when will Shenzhou XV be back D．when Shenzhou XV will be back
41．（2023·云南昆明·昆明八中校考二模）—Do you know , Jill?
—Of course, it’s on May 4th.
A．what is China’s Youth Day B．what China’s Youth Day is
C．when is China’s Youth Day D．when China’s Youth Day is
42．（2023·江苏南通·统考一模）— Have you decided ________?
— Yes. I will go there in August.
A．how you will go to Beijing this summer holiday
B．when you will go to Beijing with your parents
C．how would you go to Beijing this summer holiday
D．when you would go to Beijing with your parents
43．（2023·辽宁葫芦岛·统考一模）—Could you tell me ________?
—At the end of March.
A．why you called me B．when you got the prize
C．how the weather was there D．where you went on a trip
44．（2023·重庆·模拟预测）—Have you decided ________?
—Yes. In August.
A．how will you go to Beijing
B．how you will go to Beijing
C．when will you go to Beijing
D．when you will go to Beijing
45．（2023·广西贵港·统考一模）—Do you know________?
—Sure. She will come in the summer vacation.
A．how Kate will come to China
B．when Kate will come to China
C．why Kate wants to come to China
46．（2023·江苏徐州·统考一模）The three-person team of Shenzhou-14 returned home in December, 2022. Do you know ________?
A．if they will carry out many tasks B．how many classes did Liu Yang give
C．where it would land on earth at last D．when it was sent to Tiangong Space Station 47．（2023·山东青岛·统考一模）—Lin Tao, Could you please tell me ________?
—I don’t know exactly. Maybe in April.
A．when the panda YaYa will return to China
B．how the panda YaYa will return to China
C．when will the panda YaYa return to China
D．how will the panda YaYa return to China
48．（2023·北京·模拟预测）—Could you tell me ________ for Shanghai?
—Next week.
A．when they will leave B．how they left
C．why they will leave D．when they leave
49．（2023·江苏无锡·模拟预测）—Do you know ________?
—Yes. It was on November 21st.
A．where was the 2022 FIFA World Cup held B．how long the 2022 FIFA World Cup lasted
C．when the 2022 FIFA World Cup began D．which team won the 2022 FIFA World Cup 50．（2023·甘肃白银·统考一模）—Do you know ________? I want to pick her up at the airport.
—She came back last night. It was so late that I didn’t call you.
A．how Mary will come back B．how will Mary come back
C．when Mary will come back D．when will Mary come back
51．（2022春·浙江温州·九年级校考期中）— Andy, I’m writing a report about XXIV Olympic Winter Games. Do you know ________?
—Yes. They were held in Beijing from Feb. 4 to Feb. 20.
A．why they were held in Beijing, China
B．when they were held in Beijing, China
C．how Gu Ailing won her gold medal on Feb. 18
D．what competitions were held from Feb. 4 to Feb. 20
52．（2023·天津红桥·统考模拟预测）—Do you know ________ the result of the English test?—Tomorrow.
A．when can we get B．when we can get C．where can we get D．where we can get
53．（2022春·黑龙江鹤岗·九年级统考期中）—Could you please tell me ________ the Space Museum?—Sure, next Monday.
A．when we visited B．when will we visit C．when we will visit
54．（2022春·安徽宿州·九年级统考期中）—Do you know ________ the concert will be held?
—At 9: 00 next Monday.
A．where B．when C．how D．why
55．（2023·湖北鄂州·统考一模）—Mona didn’t tell me ________ the grammar book.
—She bought it in Wuhan last week.
A．where she buys B．where she bought C．where did she buy D．what she bought 56．（2023·辽宁大连·统考一模）—I really want to watch My People, My Homeland. Could you tell me ________?—Sure. It will be shown at Town Cinema.
A．when it will be on show B．when will it be on show
C．where will it be on show D．where it will be on show
57．（2023·江苏常州·统考一模）I came back late last night. My father asked me ________.
A．if I have had supper B．where I was with my friends
C．whom was I with D．why did I come back so late
58．（2023·辽宁大连·统考一模）—I hear our school will have a study trip next week. Do you know ________?— I’m not sure. Let’s call our monitor and she may know something about it.
A．how will we get there B．when will the study trip begin
C．why we took part in it D．where the study trip will be held
59．（2023·云南昭通·统考一模）—Could you tell me ________?
—Sure. It will be held in Hangzhou.
A．when will the 19th Asian Games be held B．when the 19th Asian Games will be held
C．where will the 19th Asian Games be held D．where the 19th Asian Games will be held 60．（2023·广西南宁·统考一模）—Could you please tell me ________ ?
—Go along the road and turn left at the third turning.
A．when we can enter the Science Museum
B．what we can see in the Science Museum
C．how we can get to the Science Museum
61．（2023·北京·一模）—Do you know ________ yesterday?
—Yes, I do. The location in their WeChat directed them there.
A．how did they get to the village B．how they got to the village
C．why did they get to the village D．why they got to the village
62．（2023·云南曲靖·统考二模）—Could you tell me _______?
—Sure. Go along the street and you’ll see it on your right.
A．where was the history museum B．how can I get to the history museum
C．where is the history museum D．how I can get to the history museum
63．（2022·吉林长春·校考三模）—Bob, do you remember ________ years ago?
—Sure. We wanted to achieve our dreams.
A．how did we come here B．why did we come here
C．how we came here D．why we came here
64．（2023·福建·统考一模）— Gu Ailing has become a new model for teens in China. I wonder ________.— Her goal for success always pushes her forward.
A．why she can make it B．how she trains every day C．who she always competes with 65．（2022·吉林长春·统考一模）You were always late for school last week, Sam. Could you explain ________? A．when you were late B．when were you late C．why were you late D．why you were late
66．（2021秋·江苏常州·九年级统考期中）—Lily, can you tell me ________?
—To prepare for the future
A．why you work so hard all day B．what I can do for the deaf children
C．how you will improve your physics D．whether you will join the club
67．（2022·湖北荆州·统考模拟预测）—The light in the room is still on. Do you know _______?
—In order to prepare for the coming exam.
A．if he work hard B．why he stays up late
C．why is he so busy D．when he will stop working
68．（2022·湖北鄂州·校考二模）—What did the man say to you?
—He asked me ________.
A．how did he got to Huahu Airport B．how could he vote for Wang Xinling
C．whether he can get a chance D．why so many girls followed Liu Genhong to exercise 69．（2022·安徽淮南·模拟预测）—I wonder ________ you study so hard all day.
—To prepare for the future.
A．why B．that C．whether D．how
70．（2022·辽宁丹东·模拟预测）—I asked Miss Green ________.
—Did she tell you the reason?
A．how she comes so quickly B．why she comes so quickly
C．why she came so quickly D．how she came so quickly。