2021年江苏省常州市武进区前黄高级中学高考英语模拟试卷(4月份)(一)(附答案详解)

2021年江苏省常州市武进区前黄高级中学高考英语模拟
试卷（4月份）（一）
一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）
(2021·江苏省常州市·模拟题)
A
Uncover secrets of the world's oldest civilizations and see natural wonders that will take your breath away.Through our tours you'll encounter wild animals,see unbelievable landmarks and experience the local traditions of native tribes（部落）.
Grand Morocco
From ﹩2，599 13 days
Uniting North African culture and French flavor in harmony,Morocco attracts tourists with its old-world traditions and splendid landscapes.Our Morocco tour from the U.S.contains
must-see destinations.And,if you like,a noble camel will take you on an unforgettable ride during a full-day Sahara Desert trip.You'll also have time to experience the country's delightful customs.
Deluxe Dubai&Abu Dhabi
From ﹩2，299 9 days
If you appreciate big and striking,consider this Dubai and Abu Dhabi tour package from the U.S.Thanks to enormous wealth due to its oil reserves,the UAE's largest emirate（酋长国）has transformed into an impressive destination you have to see to believe.Dramatic Dubai is developing rapidly too.It's become a truly global,open society where visitors are absorbed in exciting possibilities.Experience all of the must-sees,as your guide provides context,dining ideas and personalized tips on maximizing your free time.
Cape Town & Safari Express
From ﹩1，999 9 days
If South Africa is one of the many destinations on your wish list,our Cape Town and Safari package from New York City is a very smart choice.The tour includes three full days in this port city,where you can book extraordinary optional tours that show south Africa's incredible
diversity.Discover the long-lasting legacy（遗产）of Nelson Mandela,explore the scenic Winelands or even go shark cage diving if you dare!
1.What will you do on Grand Morocco tour？______
A. Have delicious French food.
B. Experience mixed cultures.
C. Walk across Sahara Desert.
D. Enjoy the modern civilization.
2.Why is Abu Dhabi so wealthy______
A. For the amount of oil.
B. For its special location.
C. For the tourist destinations.
D. For its personalized services.
3.On which tour can you experience all adventurous activity？______
A. Sahara Desert.
B. Grand Morocco.
C. Deluxe Dubai & Abu Dhabi.
D. Cape Town & Safari Express. (2021·江苏省常州市·模拟题)
B
We all love animals,but animals don't feel the same way about us.When we enter their wild world,we are "unnatural" invaders into their homes.
There was a video many of you may have seen on the Internet recently of a bear and its cub （幼崽）climbing up a steep,snow-covered hill in Russia.The mama bear makes it to the top without too much trouble,but the baby bear keeps sliding back down.It takes three attempts to reach the top and,no doubt,many cheered at the cub's never-give-up spirit.But nature scientists who saw the video didn't cheer.
Instead,the scientists were upset that the two bears had been frightened into making a dangerous,unnecessary climb by the drone（无人机）that was filming them.Sophie Gilbert of the University of Idaho said,"It showed a complete lack of understanding from the drone operator of the effects his actions were having on the bears." Other scientists have found that when a drone is hovering near,a bear's heart rate can increase from 41 beats per minute to 162 beats per minute - a high enough rate to cause a heart attack.
Human disturbance has actually been having a far-reaching influence on wildlife.Researchers at the University of Berkeley recently found that many mammals are turning into "night owls"
again to avoid contact with humans.Such a shift might not only affect those species themselves,but also have numerous chain effects.
We human beings find ourselves in a strange position in nature.We are part of it but also separate from it,now more than ever,since most of us live in cities.So,when we go off hiking into wild areas to "re-connect" with nature,we should go softly and considerately.It's OK to get close to our animal friends,just not too close - we wouldn't want to scare them,would we？
4.What does the video feature？______
A. The baby bear's climbing.
B. The mama bear's care.
C. The dangerous environment.
D. The experiment by scientists.
5.Why didn't nature scientists cheer______
A. They knew the bear's family well.
B. They were against other scientists.
C. They knew the cause of the bears' climbing.
D. They lacked understanding of the drone operator.
6.What may be the effect of human disturbance on wildlife？______
A. Food shortage.
B. Changing habitats.
C. Ecological imbalance.
D. Less contact with humans.
7.What does the author seem to agree with______
A. Lose connection with nature.
B. Tighten the bond with wild animals.
C. Respect the human-animal distance.
D. Shoot more videos on animals for study.
(2021·江苏省常州市·模拟题)
C
Early data from Israel suggests Covid-19 infection rates began to decrease among a group of vaccine（疫苗）recipients two weeks after they received the first shot of Pfizer Inc.and BioNTech SE's vaccine,offering important insights to other countries as they roll out their own campaigns.
The small country-whose roughly nine million population is about the size of New York
City's-has vaccinated nearly a fourth of its population in just under a month,the first country to hit that mark as it fights an upsurge（激增）in new infections.
Israel's largest health-care provider,Clalit Health Services compared test positivity rates among
200，000 people over 60 who received the vaccine with 200，000 that didn't.Until day 14，there was little difference between the two groups.But after that,the data showed a 33% fall in infection rates among those who had already been vaccinated compared with those who hadn't.Clalit noted that the number of people infected was statistically significant,but said it wouldn't release final numbers until its study is published.
Pfizer says people must receive both doses of the vaccine for it to be fully effective.In Pfizer's trials,the vaccine was shown to take about 12 days before it started to protect people.The Clalit study suggests that the first dose could reduce infections among those vaccinated as early as two weeks after injection.
Israel,like many other countries,has given priority to those over 60 in the first stage of its vaccination drive,making the group the best fit for study.Nearly three out of four people in this age group have received the first dose of the vaccine since Israel's campaign began on Dec.20. Israel has committed to providing Pfizer with real-time data about their vaccine,from effectiveness to side effects,which Israeli officials said helped it obtain early supply from the vaccine maker.Separately,Israel's Health Ministry published data about side effects from the vaccine,saying they were similar in frequency and character to other vaccinations given to its people.
8.What do the underlined part "hit that mark" refer to______
A. Winning the intense battle against Covid-19.
B. Getting most Israelis vaccinated in the shortest time.
C. Vaccination one quarter of Israelis in less than one month.
D. Ensuring 25% of Israelis are given both doses of the vaccine.
9.What does Clalit think of the number of newly infected people in Israel？______
A. It has been perfectly satisfactory.
B. It should be released to the public.
C. It will play a decisive role in further study.
D. It is of great importance in terms of statistics.
10.Pfizer agrees to put Israel on its priority list on condition that ______ .
A. Israel provides timely feedback
B. Israel vaccinates its seniors first
C. Israel reports side effects regularly
D. Israel publishes its data as instructed
11.What can be a suitable title for the text______
A. The Pfizer Vaccine Proves Safe
B. Old People Get Vaccinated in Israel
C. Data Suggests Vaccine Effective
D. Israel Succeeds in Fighting COVID-19
(2021·江苏省常州市·模拟题)
D
When we are kids,we are constantly being compared to others.Our parents may compare us to our siblings.Our teachers probably compared us to other students.Kids compared us to other kids.
Those comparisons created either a sense of humiliation or a sense of pride.Either way,it has become second-nature.Everything we'd done has been followed by looking around and seeking validation （确认感）.
Midway through my psychology PhD program at Cornell University in Ithaca,New York,I felt that I lacked whatever magical ability is required to finish and publish a project.It seemed as though other graduate students were authoring several papers in the time it took me to complete a single experiment.I worked as hard as I could,but my progress seemed to be incremental（渐进式增加的）compared with theirs.When I shared these concerns with my adviser,she had a different take on the situation. "You're not doing anything wrong," she assured me, "you're just pursuing a different kind of research."
Comparing yourself to others is not necessarily a bad thing.
When you catch yourself comparing yourself to others,get curious about the feeling that is being triggered.Is it jealousy Is it obsession？Is it admiration？Is it love？Is it inspiration？Your triggered feelings will give you a clue as to what is going on within you.
Most likely,you are jealous because you wish you had what it takes to achieve what the other has achieved or to have what they have.Get curious and figure out why you still don't have it and what would it take to get there.It is never a good idea to make yourself wrong for comparing yourself to others or to make yourself wrong for not getting where you wish to be. But if all this comparison mounts to is bitter jealousy,then your problem is bigger than a simple comparison.Always bear in mind that your only competition is the one in the mirror
and-believe me-it is the toughest competition of all.
12.Which of the following words has the closest meaning to the underlined word "
humiliation" in Paragraph 2______
A. virtue.
B. shame.
C. excitement.
D. tiredness.
13.What can be concluded from the adviser's words in Paragraph 3？______
A. The author made great progress.
B. The author worried unnecessarily.
C. The author had magical power.
D. The author did something wrong.
14.What will uncover your inner thoughts when you compare yourself with others according
to the passage______
A. Progress made with great effort.
B. Clues found through research.
C. Comparisons triggered by curiosity.
D. Emotions activated by comparisons.
15.What does this passage mainly talk about？______
A. How to view comparisons in a reasonable way.
B. How to seek validation when compared with others.
C. How to show second-nature in comparison with others.
D. How to get rid of feelings caused by comparisons.
二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）
(2021·江苏省常州市·模拟题)In business and in life,silence could help you to get acquainted with the power of the pause.Knowing when to be tight-lipped can give you the upper hand in everything from sales deals and pay talks to presentations and staff development. （1）
______ .At your next meeting,wait for a pause in conversation and try to measure how long it lasts.Chances are- especially among English speakers - it will be a second or two at most.Even among sign language speakers,studies show that typically we leave less than a second between taking turns to talk. （2）______ .
What one culture considers an awkward pause,others see a valuable moment of reflection and a sign of respect for what the last speaker has said.Researchers found that when a silence in conversation lasted four seconds,people started to feel unsettled.（3）______ .It is nearly twice as long as in Americans' meetings.Native English speakers tend to be most uncomfortable with long gaps in a discussion.And yet,the Finns who prize privacy,reserve and the art of listening
are happy to sit in studied thoughtfulness.
（4）______ .In the US，it may come from the history of colonial America as a crossroads of many different peoples.When they have difference,it's hard to establish common understanding unless people talk and there is understandably a kind of anxiety unless people are engaged to establish a common life. （5）______ .When there's more similarity perhaps it's easier for some kinds of silence to appear.
A.So sometimes silence really is golden.
B.This applies also to some extent to London.
C.But the view of silence differs across cultures.
D.You should know when to speak and when to stop.
E.English people don't like silence that makes people embarrassed.
F.So why do native English speakers find long pauses hard to handle？
G.In contrast,Japanese people were happy with silence of 8.2 seconds.
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.
E F.
F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.
E F.
F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.
E F.
F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.
E F.
F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.
E F.
F G. G
三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）
(2021·江苏省常州市·模拟题)Paws walk across my keyboard,and my cat Monty nests himself on my lap,unaware of the world beyond our garden fence.In these uncertain times,the（1）
______ of animals is needed more than ever.To the（2）______ of our cats,dogs and all pets in between,staying at home is really an opportunity to give them our undivided attention. （3）______ ，they provide us with a much-needed source of joy.
Pet-ownership is well known to help settle（4）______ ，reduce loneliness and lift moods.Even as we spend an unprecedented（空前的）amount of（5）______ in isolation（隔离），pets
are still acting as gateways to building a sense of community（6）______ people share pictures of their beloved companions online in an effort to raise spirits.
It is in such times that we realize just how much our pets（7）______ as part of the family.As a long-term cat lady,I have never（8）______ that a pet is a cherished member of the household.Our pets can be as valuable as our human family members in（9）______ us about ourselves and how to（10）______ the world.In short,our animals' love and loyalty are unique. As such,the death of a pet can feel as（11）______ as that of a close friend or family member.The grief that accompanies it remains something（12）______ seen as shameful,and many admit to requesting time（13）______ work without being honest about
why.However,with the loss of a pet comes a（n）（14）______ where their unconditional devotion once was,and moments in the day once dedicated to their care become suddenly（15）______ .It is a very feeling that only provides further proof to their status as family.
Vet and author James Herriot wrote, "If having a soul means being able to feel love,loyalty and gratitude,animals are better off than a lot of humans."
21. A. protection B. company C. knowledge D. benefit
22. A. delight B. surprise C. astonishment D. relief
23. A. In time B. In contrast C. In addition D. In return
24. A. conflict B. uncertainty C. anxiety D. prejudice
25. A. time B. money C. energy D. life
26. A. though B. as C. before D. unless
27. A. care B. contribute C. matter D. evolve
28. A. expected B. estimated C. disagreed D. questioned
29. A. teaching B. informing C. reminding D. warning
30. A. save B. change C. approach D. evaluation
31. A. violent B. sudden C. horrible D. sad
32. A. eventually B. frequently C. initially D. rarely
33. A. off B. at C. from D. after
34. A. occasion B. space C. emptiness D. attitude
35. A. unnoticed B. unoccupied C. unattended D. unsettled
四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
36.(2021·江苏省常州市·模拟题)What springs to mind when you think of kung fu,also
known as wushu？You may think of the image of Shaolin monks（1）______ （strike）
fierce poses with a determined look in their eyes,or popular children's movies like Kung Fu Panda.But do they really portray the meaning of kung fu
Recently,Laurence J.Brahm,a documentary filmmaker from the United States,explored this question in Searching for Kung Fu.In the movie,Brahm travelled to cities in China and the US in search of（2）______ origin and value of kung fu.
As a kung fu lover who（3）______ （devote）to the practice for more than 40
years,pursuing this craft was more than a pastime for Brahm.
Around a decade ago,because of his（4）______ （able）to use one of his legs for about two years,he began to practice martial arts,（5）______ resulted in his gradual
recovery.Now,kung fu has become a daily routine for him and also the way he（6）______ （greet）the day. （7）______ （doubt），Brahm can't appreciate kung fu too much,seeing it as a mirror of Chinese culture.
（8）______ the physical benefits kung fu brings to the body,some others find（9）______ （add）meanings in the practice.They believe Chinese kung fu is full of Chinese philosophies and core values.Kung fu artists always salute with baoquan,which lets each person know that there are no（10）______ （hide）weapons and shows trust.
五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共40.0分）
37.(2021·江苏省常州市·模拟题)你校正在帮助学生进行生涯规划，将以"My dream
career"为题举办英语演讲比赛。

假设你是李华，请你根据以下要求，写一篇英语演讲稿。

要点如下：
1.你的理想职业；
2.选择的理由；
3.实现的途径。

注意：1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总数。

Good morning, everyone!
_________.
Thanks for listening！
38.(2021·江苏省常州市·模拟题)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两
段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

When my daughters reached the third and fourth grades,I occasionally allowed them to
walk to and from school alone if the weather permitted.One warm spring day,a little dog followed them home after school.It had short legs and long lovely ears,with a
fawn-colored coat.It was the cutest dog I had over seen and the girls begged me to keep it. The dog was barely twelve weeks old.It had no collar or identifying marks of any sort,I didn't know what to do.I thought about running an advertisement in the lost-and-found,but I really didn't want to.It would break the kids' hearts if someone should show
up.Besides,its owners should have watched it more closely.
By the end of the week the dog was part of our family.It was very intelligent and good to the girls.The following week something told me to check the lost-and-found section in the local paper.One particular advertisement jumped out at me and my heart pounded with fear at what I read.Someone was begging for the return of a lost dog in the neighborhood of our grade school.They sounded desperate.My hand shook.I couldn't bring myself to pick up the phone.
Instead,I pretended I hadn't seen the advertisement.I quickly put paper away in the drawer and continued with my dusting.I never said a word about it to the kids or my husband. By now we had named the dog.It looked like a Molly,so that was what we called it.It followed the girls everywhere they went.When they went outside,it was one step behind them.When they did housework,it was there to lend a hand.
There was only one problem with this otherwise perfect picture：my conscience was bothering me.I knew in my heart I had to call that number and see if our Molly was the dog they were desperately seeking.It was the most difficult thing I've ever done.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

With mixed feelings,I finally picked up the phone.________
Opening the door,I saw a woman with a little girl sitting in a small wheelchair._________
答案和解析
1.【答案】
【知识点】应用文、时文广告
【解析】（1）B．细节理解题。

根据文章第二段中的Uniting North African culture and French flavor in harmony,Morocco attracts tourists with its old-world traditions and splendid landscapes.Our Morocco tour from the U．S．contains must-see destinations.And,if you like,a noble camel will take you on an unforgettable ride during a full-day Sahara Desert trip.You'll also have time to experience the country's delightful customs.（摩洛哥将北非文化和法国风味融为一体，以其古老的世界传统和壮丽的风景吸引着游客。

我们从美国出发的摩洛哥之旅包含必看的目的地。

如果您愿意，一只高贵的骆驼将带您在撒哈拉沙漠的一整天旅行中进行难忘的骑行。

您还将有时间体验这个国家令人愉快的风俗。

）可知，在大摩洛哥巡回赛上你可以体验混合文化。

故选B．
（2）A．细节理解题。

根据文章第三段中的Thanks to enormous wealth due to its oil reserves,the UAE's largest emirate（酋长国）has transformed into an impressive destination you have to see to believe.Dramatic Dubai is developing rapidly too.It's become a truly global,open society where visitors are absorbed in exciting possibilities.Experience all of the must-sees,as your guide provides context,dining ideas and personalized tips on maximizing your free time.（由于其石油储量丰富，阿联酋最大的酋长国（阿联酋）已经转变成了一个令人印象深刻的目的地，你必须相信。

引人注目的迪拜也在迅速发展．它已经成为一个真正的全球性、开放性的城市在这里，游客们都沉浸在激动人心的可能性中。

）可知，由于大量的石油使得阿联酋非常富有。

故选A．
（3）D．细节理解题．根据最后一段Cape Town & Safari Express部分"If South Africa is one of the many destinations on your wish list,our Cape Town and Safari package from New York City is a very smart choice…Discover the long-lasting legacy（遗产）of Nelson Mandela,explore the scenic Winelands or even go shark cage diving…if you dare!（如果南非是您愿望清单上的众多目的地之一，那么我们从纽约市出发的开普敦和野生动物园套餐是一个非常明智的选择。

本次旅行包括在这个港口城市的三整天，您可以在这里预订非同寻常的可选旅行，展示南非令人难以置信的多样性。

发掘纳尔逊•曼德拉的遗产，探
索风景优美的葡萄酒之地，甚至去鲨鱼笼潜水……如果你敢的话！"）可知Cape Town & Safari Express能体验到所有的冒险活动。

故选D．
本文是一则广告，主要介绍了几个能够揭开世界上最古老文明的秘密，看到自然奇观的好地方。

考查广告布告类阅读理解。

做题时要通读全文，把握大意，然后结合题干及选项做出正确的选择。

4.【答案】
【知识点】说明文、健康与生活方式
【解析】（1）A.细节理解题。

根据第二段中的There was a video many of you may have seen on the Internet recently of a bear and its cub （幼崽）climbing up a steep,snow-covered hill in Russia. （你们很多人可能最近在网上看过一段视频，一只熊带着它的幼崽爬上了俄罗斯一座陡峭的白雪覆盖的小山。

）可知，视频主要拍摄的是幼熊爬山。

故选A. （2）C.推理判断题。

根据第三段中的Instead,the scientists were upset that the two bears had been frightened into making a dangerous,unnecessary climb by the drone （无人机）that was filming them.Sophie Gillbert of the University of Idaho said, "It showed a complete lack of understanding from the drone operator of the effects his actions were having on the bears." Other scientists have found that when a drone is hovering near,a bear's heart rate can increase from 41 beats per minuteto 162 beats per minute一a high enough rate to cause a heart attack.（相反，科学家们感到不安的是，这两只熊被拍摄它们的无人机吓得做出了危险的、不必要的攀登。

爱达荷大学的索菲吉尔伯特说："这表明无人机操作员完全不了解他的行为对熊的影响。

"其他科学家发现，当无人机在附近盘旋时，一只熊的心率可以从每分钟41次增加到每分钟162次，这一速度足以引起心脏病发作。

）可知，科学家们发现无人机靠近熊引起了熊的恐慌，心率上升有可能对熊造成严重的危害。

由此可知科学家们没有对此欢呼是因为他们知道熊登山的真正原因是因为害怕。

故选C.
（3）C.推理判断题。

根据第四段中的Human disturbance has actually been having a
far-reaching influence on wildlife.Researchers at the University of Berkeley recently found that many mammals are turning into"night owls" again to avoid contact with humans.Such a shift might not only affect those species themselves,but also have numerous chain effects.（人类的干扰实际上对野生动物产生了深远的影响。

伯克利大学的研究人员最近发现，许多哺乳
动物为了避免与人类接触，正再次变成"夜猫子"。

这种转变可能不仅会影响这些物种本身，还会产生许多连锁效应。

）可知，许多哺乳动物为了避免与人类接触而转变作息，但这会影响物种本身且带来连锁反应。

由此可知，人类干扰对野生动物造成的影响是生态不平衡，故选C.
（4）C.推理判断题。

根据最后一段"So,when we go off hiking into wild areas to "re-connect" with nature,we should go softly and considerately.It's OK to get close to our animal friends,just not too close--we wouldn't want to scare them,would we？（所以，当我们去野外徒步旅行，与大自然"重新连接"时，我们应该温柔而体贴。

和我们的动物朋友亲近是可以的，只是不要太亲密---我们不想吓到它们，对吧？）可知作者提倡人类与动物接触应保持适当的距离。

由此可推知，作者会同意C项内容表述的观点"尊重人与动物之间的距离"。

故选C.
本文是一篇说明文。

文章通过描述一个无人机拍下的视频内容，一只小熊攀爬雪山，滑落后继续爬的事情，经过科学家们的解读后可知小熊爬山并非像人们所称赞的具有永不放弃的精神，而是因为受到了无人机的惊吓。

人类大多与大自然分离，作者提出：当我们与大自然接触时，要与动物保持适当的距离。

1．直接信息题：直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。

2．间接信息题：间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。

3．综合信息题：综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义。

8.【答案】
【知识点】说明文、健康与生活方式
【解析】（1）C.词句猜测题。

根据划线词所在句The small country一whose roughly nine million population is about thesize of New York City's - has vaccinated nearly a fourth of its population in just under a month,the first country to hit that mark as it fights an upsurge （激增）in new infections.（这个人口约为900万、相当于纽约市大小的小国，在不到一个月的时间里为近四分之一的人口接种了疫苗，成为第一个抗击新感染病例激增的国家）可知，划线词组hit that mark指代的是以色列要达到的目标，即"在不到一个月的时间里，为四分之一的以色列人接疫苗"。

a fourth of与one quarter of都是"四分之一"的意思。

故
选C.
（2）D.细节理解题。

根据第三段中的Clalitnoted that the number of people infected was statistically significant,but said it wouldn't release final numbers until itsstudy is published.（Clalit指出，受感染的人数在数据统计上是很显著的，但是在其研究发表之前不会公布最后的数字）可知，Clalit认为最新的感染人数，在数据统计方面是非常重要的，研究结果发表之前是不会公布最终的数字的。

故选D.
（3）A.细节理解题。

根据最后一段中的Israel has committed to providing Pfizer with real-time data about their vaccine,from effectiveness to side effects,which Israeli officials said helped it obtain early supply from the vaccine maker.（以色列已经承诺向Pfizer提供有关其疫苗的实时数据，从有效性到副作用，以色列政府说这将有助于Pfizer获得疫苗制造商的早期供应）可知，如果以色列及时提供疫苗使用情况的反馈，Pfizer就同意把它们国家放在优先供应名单中。

故选A.
（4）C.标题归纳题。

根据文中最后一段中的Separately,Israel'sHealth Ministry published data about side effects from the vaccine,saying they were similar in frequency and character to other vaccinations given to itspeople.（另外，以色列卫生部公布了有关这种疫苗副作用的数据，称这种副作用在频率和性质上与使用的其他疫苗类似）"以及文中多次提到通过数据得出疫苗的作用可知，这篇文章的主旨就是通过数据来表明疫苗的功效。

所以C 项Data Suggests Vaccine Effective（数据表明疫苗有效）适合当做文章标题。

故选C.
本文是一篇社会文化类说明文。

文章介绍了以色列这个国家面对新冠疫情，通过给民众接种疫苗后数据的实时反馈来判断疫苗功效。

1．直接信息题：直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。

2．间接信息题：间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。

3．综合信息题：综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义。

12.【答案】
【知识点】说明文、日常生活
【解析】（1）B.词义猜测题。

根据原文第二段Those comparisons created either a sense of humiliation or a sense of pride.（这些比较产生了一种羞辱感或自豪感。

）结合句意及前后文，可知划线处为与别的孩子多对比，按照常识，经过比较，"好的"孩子就产生自豪感，自然作为对比的另外一方会有羞辱感，故划线处为"羞辱感"之意。

A.virtue.美德；
B.shame.羞愧；
C.excitement.兴奋；
D.tiredness.疲劳。

故选B.
（2）B.推理判断题。

根据原文第三段"You're not doing anything wrong," she assured me,（"你没做错什么，"她向我保证，）可知顾问认为作者并没做错什么事，因此要作者无需过分担心。

.The author worried unnecessarily.（作者不必要的担心）正确。

故选B. （3）D.推理判断题。

文章第五段第二行Your triggered feelings will give you a clue as to what is going on within you.（你被触发的感觉会给你一个关于你内心正在发生什么的线索。

）可知，比较引发的情绪是需要大家正视的。

D.Emotions activated by comparisons.（比较引发的情绪）正确。

故选D.
（4）A.主旨大意题。

通读全文，可知本文主要介绍了我们应该怎样以一个合理的方式来看待比较这个行为。

A.How to view comparisons in a reasonable way.（如何以合理的方式看待比较）正确。

故选A.
本文介绍了与他人比较带来的好处与坏处，关键在于我们怎么以合理的方式去看待它。

做这类阅读理解，要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。

16.【答案】
【知识点】语篇范围
【解析】（1）A.推理判断题。

上文"Knowing when to be tight-lipped can give you the upper hand in everything from sales deals and pay talks to presentations and staff development.（知道什么时候该守口如瓶，可以让你在从销售协议、薪酬谈判到展示和员工发展等一切事情上占据上风）"说明适当的沉默是宝贵的。

A选项"So sometimes silence really is golden.（所以有时候沉默是金）"符合上文文意。

故选A项。

（2）C.推理判断题。

下文"What one culture considers an awkward pause,others see a valuable moment of reflection and a sign of respect for what the last speaker has said.（一种文化认为是尴尬的停顿，而另一种文化则认为是宝贵的反思时刻，是对最后一个发言者所说的话的尊重）"说明不同文化对于沉默的不同理解，因此填空处是总领下文介绍不同文化不
同看法的句子。

C选项"But the view of silence differs across cultures.（但是，不同文化对沉默的看法不同）"总启下文，符合文意。

故选C项。

（3）G.细节理解题。

根据下文"It is nearly twice as long as in Americans' meetings Native English speakers tend to be most uncomfortable with long gaps in a discussion.（在美国人的会议中，以英语为母语的人往往会对讨论中的长间隙感到最不自在，而这一时间几乎是美国人的两倍）"可知，填空处应有准确的沉默时间才可以进行比较。

G选项"In contrast,Japanese people were happy with silence of 8.2 seconds.（相比之下，日本人只喜欢8.2秒的沉默）"有具体时间，符合比较条件。

故选G项。

（4）F.细节理解题。

下文"In the US，it may come from the history of colonial America as a crossroads of many different peoples.（在美国，它可能来自于殖民时期美国作为许多不同民族的十字路口的历史）"说明，填空处应是对于以英语为母语的人觉得长时间的停顿很难处理原因的提问。

F选项"So why do native English speakers find long pauses hard to handle？（那么，为什么以英语为母语的人觉得长时间的停顿很难处理呢？）"符合下文语境。

故选F项。

（5）B.推理判断题。

根据上文"In the US，it may come from the history of colonial America as a crossroads of many different peoples.（在美国，它可能来自于殖民时期美国作为许多不同民族的十字路口的历史）"可知，美国是以英语为母语，觉得长时间的停顿难以处理。

下文" When there's more similarity perhaps it's easier for some kinds of silence to appear.（当双方有更多相似之处时，可能更容易出现某种形式的沉默）"说明同样以英语为母语的地方，也会认为长时间的停顿难以处理。

B选项"This applies also to some extent to London.（这在某种程度上也适用于伦敦）"伦敦以英语为母语，与美国有相似的地方，因此符合文意。

故选B项。

本文是一篇说明文。

文章主要说明了不同文化对沉默的不同看法。

考查七选五选句填空。

做题时要通读全文，把握大意，然后结合前后语句及选项做出正确的选择。

21.【答案】
【知识点】历史、社会与文化。