河南省商丘市第一高级中学2023-2024学年高三上学期期中英语试题及答案

高三英商丘市一高2023-2024学年第一学期期中考试
语
时间：100分钟总分：120分
第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A 、B 、C 和D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A The traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides the year into 24solar terms,which reflect the Chinese people’s understanding of time.Here several special solar terms are listed.Rain Water Rain Water signals the increase in rainfall and rise in temperature.With its arrival,the river water defreezes,wild geese move from south to north,and trees and grass turn green again.Extra care is needed to cope with a returning cold spell in this period.The wet and damp weather during Rain Water period is considered harmful for people’s spleen (脾)and stomach according to Chinese medical practice.Therefore,a bowl of nutritious porridge is the best choice to nourish the body.Awakening of Insects As the third solar term in the lunar year,its name implies that animals sleeping in winter are awakened by spring thunder and that the earth begins to come back to life.It is the key time for spring agricultural activities.Modern meteorological science shows that around this period,the earth becomes wet,the hot humid air from the north is strong and creates frequent winds.For this reason,thunder often occurs.Spring Equinox Spring Equinox signals the equal length of the day and night time.On the day of the Spring Equinox,the sun is directly above the equator.After the equinox,the sun moves northwards,resulting in gradually longer day time in the Northern Hemisphere.Standing an egg upright is a popular game during this period.It is believed that if someone can make the egg stand,he will have good luck in the future.Grain Rain Grain Rain originates from the old saying,“Rain brings up the growth of hundreds of grains”,which shows that this period of rainfall is extremely important for the growth of crops and people are busy working on the land.Grain Rain falls between the end of spring and the beginning of summer,with infrequent cold air moving to the south and lingering cold air in the north.With dry soil,an unsteady atmosphere and heavy winds and sandstorms become more frequent.21.What can we know about Rain Water?A.River water starts to freeze B.Taking off the thick coats is advisable C.Lively spring-like scenery can be seen D.It falls between the end of spring and the start of summer.22.What do Awakening of Insects and Grain Rain have in common?A.Farming season B.Animal activities C.Air temperature D.Frequent thundering 23.In which solar term would people most probably put on masks?A.Rain Water B.Grain Rain C.Spring Equinox D.Awakening of Insects
B
I was living with my grandparents at the time.Our grandparents had recently retired.While they’d
expenses.
building.
C
For me,a large part of growing from a girl into a woman was developing a hatred for my body.When I was a kid,I didn’t think about my body all that much.My attitudes towards my body changed around middle school when people were talking about staying“in shape”and going on diets.And thus I started to internalize the harmful standard that we have to look good all the time.
Looks are given far too much importance in our society.Women are supposed to look perfect all the time.We’re supposed to idolize(崇拜)celebrities who have far more time and money to spend on their appearance than the average person.It’s simply not attainable.
I love the idea of body positivity.I firmly believe that everyone should try to love themselves as much as possible.However,it’s almost impossible to love every part of your body all the time.Personally, I could never achieve that.It’s a good idea to promote body positivity in theory,but it also allows us to beat ourselves up because we don’t love ourselves all the time.
Body neutrality(中立)is a much more attainable goal.Body neutrality promotes the idea that your body is simply your body instead of thinking something is good or bad.This mentality is easier to achieve,
and it doesn’t force you to try to love things you don’t love.We don’t need to love every part of our body —it’s just a body.
Another way to view your body is to be thankful for everything that it does for you rather than how it looks.For example,I am grateful that my body allows me to go skiing because I love skiing.This shift in mentality can be helpful because it focuses on your body’s ability to do things you love,instead of your appearance.
Ultimately,the ideal mentality is loving every part of your body all the time.However,the more realistic alternative is accepting your body for what it is and what it does for you.Love can come after, but neutrality is a good place to start.
28.Why did the author change her attitude towards appearance around middle school?
A.Because she was influenced by others
B.Because she began to dislike her body
C.Because she thought it important to stay in shape
D.Because she failed to meet her school’s standards
29.What is the author’s attitude towards body positivity?
A.Supportive
B.Doubtful
C.Prejudiced
D.Indifferent
30.What does body neutrality promote?
A.Pursuing perfection in terms of body image
B.Trying to change your appearance constantly
C.Loving every part of your body unconditionally
D.Accepting your body as it is without judgment
31.What is the suggested mentality towards your body?
A.Ignoring its limitations
B.Focusing on appearance
C.Being grateful for its capabilities
D.Being critical of its imperfections
D
Consider the possibility that all human technology started with a mistake—or at least a lack of hand-eye coordination.In a new study published on Friday in Science Advances,Lydia Luncz and Tomos Proffitt,both at the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology in Leipzig,Germany,argue that mistakenly created flakes(薄片)may have been our ancient ancestors’or other now-extinct early human relatives“first step toward creating the sharp-edged tools that they used to butcher animals and cut edible plants.
To do their research,Luncz and Proffitt traveled to an abandoned oil palm plantation near Thailand’s Phang Nga Bay and collected more than1,100pieces of nut-cracking stones used by a troop of long-tailed macaques(猕猴).Macaques crack open oil palm nuts by placing them on a flat stone and striking their shell with another stone.These monkeys often miss the nut and accidentally break the stones, producing sharp flakes.Luncz and Proffitt analyzed these stones,which revealed a surprising fact:The flakes that the macaques unintentionally produced looked a lot like the oldest stone tools that were intentionally made by hominins(古人类).
Macaques don’t use the sharp flakes they create for anything,Luncz adds,noting that the monkeys have sharp teeth and don’t need cutting tools.The similar ancient stone tools collected from some of the earliest known sites,however,show evidence of being used for cutting tasks.For example,in Oldowan,a site dating between3.3million and1.5million years ago,researchers analyzed use-wear patterns on the tools and found that some of the flakes showed damage along their edges,indicating that they had been used for cutting.Cut marks on some fossils revealed that hominins had used stone tools for butchering the animals,making it clear that the sharp stone tools were anything but unintentional by-products of other pounding activities.
Despite the findings,to reveal the mechanism for the emergence of flake technology,researchers still
need to learn how hominins made the leap from accidentally producing sharp flakes to picking them up and using them.Luncz and Proffitt hope to find the missing link in further studies.
32.What can we learn from paragraph2?
A.The two researchers went to Thailand and collected1,100flakes
B.Long-tailed macaques used the flakes to crack open oil palm nuts
C.Macaques deliberately produced flakes for cutting by breaking stones
D.The flakes produced by macaques were similar to hominins’stone tools
33.Why does the author mention the Oldowan site in paragraph3?
A.To provide specific proof
B.To clarify a complex concept
C.To present an interesting fact
D.To make a detailed comparison
34.What will Luncz and Proffitt probably focus on in their future study?
A.Why macaques create flakes
B.Why hominins used stone tools
C.How macaques cut food with flakes
D.How hominins began using flakes
35.What is the best title of the passage?
A.A mistake:the origin of human technology
B.Flake technology:from macaques to hominins
C.Pounding activities:on human evolutionary course
D.A missing link:long-tailed macaques create flakes.
第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

选
G.In fact,the best remedy to fight the itch is to prevent a bite in the first place
第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节完形填空（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C 和D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式,并将答案填写在答题卡相应的位置上。

If you have the chance to go back to ancient China and ask (56)educated man what his biggest dream was.He would tell you that he wants to become a zhuang yuan,a title (57)
Zhuang
for
(64)(good)person
old saying goes that there are360trades(65)every trade has his master,or zhuang yuan.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
假定你是李华，你的留学生朋友Jim对中国传统文化很感兴趣，准备参加中国传统技能冬令营：“中国书法冬令营”或者“中国武术冬令营”。

Jim希望你能给些建议帮助他进行选择。

请你给Jim回信，内容包括：
1.你建议的班型；
2.你的理由；
3.你的祝愿。

注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

参考词汇：中国书法Chinese Calligraphy中国武术Chinese Martial Arts
_________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

The Magic Bus
I was travelling on an overnight bus from Kolhapur to Aurangabad in Maharashtra.This was way back in May1972,when I was still in college.The bus—an ordinary,non-air-conditioned one—was more than packed;all55seats were occupied and there were some20people standing in the aisle(过道). The hot day added to the discomfort of the rough,10-hour journey.Because I was travelling on a student bus pass,I could not claim a reserved seat.I had no option but to stand—quite uncomfortably.
The bus started its journey a little later than scheduled.The passengers seated comfortably by the windows wore happy expressions as they looked at the outside world,the breeze kissing their faces.The people seated by the aisle complained about the standing ones,who had no option but to occasionally lean on the seat corners.The air inside was hot and filled with strange,unpleasant smells.Some enthusiastic travellers had carried small transistor radios with the slim hope that they would be able to listen to some music on the way.
After around two very long hours,I was beyond exhausted and bored.I kept trying to balance myself, shifting my body weight from one leg to the other to manage the discomfort.After another long hour,I was wet with sweat in the noise and shaky rhythm of the bus.I suddenly sensed a soft hand tapping my elbow(手肘),asking for attention.Turning around,I found a middle-aged man with a kind smile looking up at me.He suddenly stood up and said I could take his seat for some time.I was pleasantly surprised and immediately accepted his offer,my entire body heaving a sigh of relief.The man,whose seat I was in, stood next to me,looking around in amusement.After about20minutes,I signalled him to take back his space.A man,who was sitting by the window on the other side of the bus,had observed our exchange.
注意：
1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2.续写部分分为两段每段的开头语已为你写好。

Paragraph1:
Just then,something magical happened._________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph 2:The bus reached its destination in the early hours of the morning ._____________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
英语参考答案
A
21.C22.A23.B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。

文章主要介绍了中国24节气中的“雨水”、“惊蛰”、“春分”和“谷雨”这四个节气，让我们进一步了解这四个节气的气候和习俗。

21．细节理解题。

根据第二段第二句“With its arrival,the river water defreezes,wild geese move from south to north,and trees and grass turn green again.(随着它的到来，河水解冻，大雁由南向北迁徙，树木和草又变绿了)”可知，雨水之后热闹的春色随处可见。

故选C项。

22．判断推理题。

根据第三段中“It is the key time for spring agricultural activities.(这是春季农业活动的关键时期)”可知，惊蛰是农业的关键，以及最后一段第一句“Grain Rain originates from the old saying,‘Rain brings up the growth of hundreds of grains’,which shows that this period of rainfall is extremely important for the growth of crops and people are busy working on the land.(谷雨源于古语“雨生百谷”，说明这一时期的降雨对农作物的生长极为重要，人们正忙于耕作)”结合来看，可得知惊蛰和谷雨这两个节气对农业来说都很重要，是耕作的季节。

故选A项。

23．推理判断题。

根据最后一段最后一句“With dry soil,an unsteady atmosphere and heavy winds and sandstorms become more frequent.(由于土壤干燥，大气不稳定和强风，沙尘暴变得更加频繁)”可推测，在谷雨时沙尘暴经常出现，所以人们最可能需要佩戴口罩保护自己。

故选B项
B
24.D25.C26.A27.B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。

文章主要叙述了作者在上学期间，每天早晨帮助在学校打工的祖父做一些事情之后，急忙去上学，作者发现自己常常在第一声铃响的时候踏上学校的人行道，认为自己具备完美安排时间的能力，直到多年以后，才发现事实的真相的故事。

24．细节理解题。

根据第二段画线词前面的“our grandfather took a job as doorkeeper of the Java school building. Keeping the entire building clean was a stressful job for one man.(我们的祖父做了一份Java学校大楼的门卫的工作。

对一个人来说，保持整栋楼的清洁是一项压力很大的工作)”可知，这里的this指的是前面提到的作者的祖父一个人完成整幢楼的卫生打扫是非常困难的这件事。

故选D。

25．推理判断题。

根据第三段中“When winter arrived,he fired up the school’s furnace(火炉).He quickly realized how difficult it had become for him to shovel(铲)the huge pile of coal chips required to fill in the furnace.I volunteered to take on that job,a commitment that required me to set my alarm clock an hour earlier each morning.(冬天来临时，他把学校的火炉点着了。

他很快意识到，要铲起填满熔炉所需的大堆煤屑已经变得多么困难。

我自愿接受了那份工作，这份工作要求我每天早上把闹钟调早一个小时)”可知，作者起早到达学校是为了代替祖父给学校的炉子加煤。

故选C。

26．推理判断题。

根据第四段中“On two mornings,at the very instant I stepped onto the sidewalk in front of the school,the first bell rang.(有两个早晨，就在我踏上学校门前人行道的那一刻，第一声铃响了)”和“This astonishing coincidence caused me to improve my precision.I carefully planned each phase of my morning activity.
I paced myself.Often I’d step onto the school’s sidewalk just as the first bell rang.(这个惊人的巧合使我提高了我的精确度。

我仔细地计划了我早上活动的每一个阶段。

我控制了自己的节奏。

我经常在第一次上课铃响的时候走上学校的人行道)”可知，作者发现自己具有做事准时的能力,故选A。

27．推理判断题。

作者一直认为自己有超常的准时性。

但听了Harold Spiry的解释后，作者自诩的准时性其实并不存在，这时作者感到的不是骄傲、谨慎或遗憾，而最有可能的是意外。

故选B。

C
28.A29.B30.D31.C
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。

文章讲述作者在中学前后改变了对
的态度，建议我们爱自己身体的每一部分，接受自己的身体和它对自己的作用
28．细节理解题。

根据第一段“My attitudes towards my body changed around middle school when people were talking about staying“in shape”and going on diets.And thus I started to internalize the harmful standard that we have to look good all the time.(我对自己身体的态度在中学前后发生了改变，当时人们都在谈论保持“身材”和节食。

因此，我开始内化那种有害的标准，即我们必须一直看起来很好。

)”可知，当别人开始谈论保持“身材”和节食的时候，作者对自己身体的态度发生改变，由此可知作者是受了别人的影响，故选A。

29．推理判断题。

根据第三段“I love the idea of body positivity.I firmly believe that everyone should try to love themselves as much as possible.However,it’s almost impossible to love every part of your body all the time. Personally,I could never achieve that.It’s a good idea to promote body positivity in theory,but it also allows us to beat ourselves up because we don’t love ourselves all the time.(我喜欢身体积极性这个概念。

我坚信每个人都应该尽可能地爱自己。

然而，要一直爱你身体的每一个部位几乎是不可能的。

就我个人而言，我永远无法做到这一点。

从理论上讲，提高身体积极性是个好主意，但这也会让我们自责，因为我们并不总是爱自己。

)”可推知，作者对身体积极性的态度是怀疑的，故选B。

30．细节理解题。

根据第四段“Body neutrality promotes the idea that your body is simply your body instead of thinking something is good or bad.This mentality is easier to achieve,and it doesn’t force you to try to love things you don’t love.We don’t need to love every part of our body—it’s just a body.(身体中立是指你的身体就是你的
身体，而不是认为某事是好是坏。

这种心态更容易实现，它不会强迫你去爱你不喜欢的东西。

我们不需要爱我们身体的每一部分——它只是一具身体。

)”可知，身体中立提倡的就是客观的看待身体，也就是不加评判地接受你的身体。

故选D。

31．细节理解题。

根据最后一段“Ultimately,the ideal mentality is loving every part of your body all the time. However,the more realistic alternative is accepting your body for what it is and what it does for you.Love can come after,but neutrality is a good place to start.(最终，理想的心态是一直爱你身体的每一个部位。

然而，更现实的选择是接受你的身体和它对你的作用。

爱可以紧随其后，但中立是一个很好的开始。

)”可知，建议你对自己身体的心态就是接受你的身体，也就是对身体对你的作用和能力表示感激，故选C。

D
32.D33.A34.D35.B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。

文章通过一项动物研究，介绍了我们早期人类因为意外情况使用工具的情况。

32．细节理解题。

根据第二段的“Luncz and Proffitt analyzed these stones,which revealed a surprising fact:The flakes that the macaques unintentionally produced looked a lot like the oldest stone tools that were intentionally made by hominins(古人类).(Luncz和Proffitt分析了这些石头，发现了一个令人惊讶的事实：猕猴无意中产生的薄片看起来很像人类故意制造的最古老的石器。

)”可知，猕猴制作的薄片与人类的石器相似。

故选D。

33．推理判断题。

根据第三段的“The similar ancient stone tools collected from some of the earliest known sites, however,show evidence of being used for cutting tasks.For example,in Oldowan,a site dating between3.3million and1.5million years ago,researchers analyzed use-wear patterns on the tools and found that some of the flakes showed damage along their edges,indicating that they had been used for cutting.(然而，从一些已知最早的遗址中收集到的类似的古代石器显示出用于切割任务的证据。

例如，在奥尔德万，一个可以追溯到大约330万到150万年前的遗址。

研究人员分析了这些工具的使用磨损模式，发现一些薄片的边缘有损伤，表明它们曾被用来切割。

)”可推断，作者提到奥尔德万遗址是为了提供具体的证据来说明古代石器用于切割任务。

故选A。

34．细节理解题。

根据文章最后一段“Despite the findings,to reveal the mechanism for the emergence of flake technology,researchers still need to learn how hominins made the leap from accidentally producing sharp flakes to picking them up and using them.Luncz and Proffitt hope to find the missing link in further studies.(尽管有了这些发现，为了揭示薄片技术出现的机制，研究人员仍然需要了解人类是如何从偶然产生尖锐的薄片到捡起并使用它们的。

Luncz和Proffitt希望在进一步的研究中找到缺失的环节。

)”可知，为了揭示薄片技术背后的机制，研究者们仍然需要了解古人类是如何从意外产生锋利的薄片，到捡起并使用它们的。

伦茨和普罗菲特希望在接下来的研究中可以找到缺失的这一环（即原始人是如何开始使用薄片的），故选D。

35．主旨大意题。

通读全文可知，本篇是一篇科研报告类文章，第一段的“In a new study published on Friday in Science Advances,Lydia Luncz and Tomos Proffitt,both at the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology in Leipzig,Germany,argue that mistakenly created flakes(薄片)may have been our ancient ancestors’or other
now-extinct early human relatives“first step toward creating the sharp-edged tools that they used to butcher animals and cut edible plants.(在周五发表在《科学进展》上的一项新研究中，德国莱比锡马克斯普朗克进化人类学研究所的Lydia Luncz和Tomos Proffitt认为，错误地制造出的薄片可能是我们的古代祖先或其他现已灭绝的早期人类亲戚制造出锋利的工具的第一步，他们用来屠宰动物和切割可食用的植物。

)”点明了新研究的结果，后文详细描述了研究过程和局限性及等未来研究前景，因此推断B项“薄片技术：从猕猴到人类。

”为最佳标题。

故选B项。

七选五
36.E37.C38.F39.G40.A
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。

本文主要分析了为什么蚊子叮咬会痒、如何抵制抓挠的冲动以及何时就医。

36．根据下文“creating an itch(痒)that once you start scratching only seems to get worse(产生一种瘙痒感，一旦你开始抓挠，似乎只会变得更严重)”可知，下文是空格处的结果状语。

E项“The little red bumps swell up almost immediately.(这些小红肿几乎立即膨胀起来)”承接上文说明蚊子叮咬后的反应，又可以导致下文“抓挠只会变得更严重”的结果，符合文意。

故选E。

37．根据本段小标题“Why does a mosquito bite itch?(为什么蚊子叮咬会痒？)”可知，本段主要讲述为什么蚊子叮咬会痒。

根据下文“It’s actually the body’s response to the foreign mosquito protein it is trying to fight.(实际上，这是身体对它试图对抗的外来蚊子蛋白质的反应)”中的“actually”推知，空处陈述人们大都认为叮咬会痒的原因——蚊子的叮咬。

空格C项“It’s not the bite that causes the itch.(瘙痒不是由咬引起的)”，符合文意。

故选C。

38．根据下文“adding that in extreme cases,people can scar themselves.(他补充道，在极端情况下，人们会给自己留下疤痕)”可知，上文应阐述瘙痒产生的一般后果。

F项“Scratching can cause secondary infections and prolong the irritation.(搔痒可能会导致继发感染并延长刺激时间)”，符合文意。

故选F。

39．根据上文“There is no scientific evidence these remedies work,and they can come with their own precautions or side effects.(没有科学证据表明这些药物有效，它们可以有自己的预防措施或副作用)”可知，没有科学证据表明止痒霜有效，且可能有副作用。

由此推知，下文应提及对抗瘙痒的有效方法。

G项“In fact,the best remedy to fight the itch is to prevent a bite in the first place(事实上，对抗瘙痒的最好方法是首先防止被咬)”，符合文意。

故选G。

40．根据本文结构可知，空格处是本段的小标题。

根据下文“If you experience severe symptoms such as breathing trouble,you should seek medical attention immediately.(如果出现呼吸困难等严重症状，应立即就医)”可知，本段主要围绕“就医”展开论述，且应是一个问句。

A项“When to seek medical attention?（何时就诊？）”，符合文意。

故选A。

完型填空
41.C42.A43.D44.D45.A
46.B47.A48.D49.D50.B
51.A52.C53.D54.C55.B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。

本文讲述了作者在家门口发现筑巢的小鸟，并感叹鸟父母保护孩子的本能，体会到敬畏大自然的道理。

41．考查动词词义辨析。

句意：它们似乎没有注意到我，直到我走到它们的正前方，它们才立刻消失在附近的灌木丛中。

A.remind使想起；B.confirm证实；C.notice注意到；D.protest抗议。

根据下文中的“until I was right in front of them and then they___2___disappeared into the nearby bushes.”可知，作者到了他们前面，他们才飞走，说明他们没有“注意到”作者。

故选C项。

42．考查副词词义辨析。

句意：它们似乎没有注意到我，直到我走到它们的正前方，它们才立刻消失在附近的灌木丛中。

A.immediately立刻，马上；B.familiarly熟悉地；C.creatively创造性地；D.slowly慢慢地。

根据常识和下文中的“disappeared into the nearby bushes.”可知，鸟发现人，应是“立刻”飞走，消失在树丛中。

故选A项。

43．考查名词词义辨析。

句意：两只特别的鸟在我的院子里筑巢的想法让我很兴奋。

A.feeling感觉；B.sense 意义；C.opinion观点；D.idea想法。

根据上文中的“I was quite excited”和下文中的“of two special birds making a nest(巢)in my yard”可知，两只特殊的鸟在院子里筑巢，这应是作者的一个“想法”，这想法让作者很兴奋。

故选D项。

44．考查动词词义辨析。

句意：几周后，这些鸟又出现了。

A.investigated调查；B.removed清除；C.gathered 聚集；D.reappeared再次出现。

根据上文中的“Last year in early summer,I was walking to my house when I saw two large birds standing in my yard.”和“A few weeks later,the birds”可知，此处指的是作者几周前见到的两只鸟“又出现”了。

故选D项。

45．考查动词短语词义辨析。

句意：当我走近它们时，它们伸出脑袋，发出呱呱的声音。

A.stuck out伸出；
B.put down放下；
C.hang out闲逛；
D.turned around转向。

根据语境和上文中的“As I approached them”以及下文中的“their heads and made a croaking(嘶哑地叫)sound.”可知，作者靠近鸟们时，鸟们要应会作出防御动作，所以此处为“伸出”脑袋，发出嘶哑的叫声，符合语境。

故选A项。

46．考查名词词义辨析。

句意：我不知道他们为什么对我呱呱叫，直到不久之后，我有了一个惊人的发现：有两只小鸟快乐地跳来跳去。

A.collection收藏；B.discovery发现；C.conclusion结论；D.mission任务。

根据下文中的“there were two small birds___7___around happily.”可知，有两只小鸟跳来跳去，由此可知，这是作者的一个“发现”符合语境。

故选B项。

47．考查动词词义辨析。

句意：我不知道他们为什么对我呱呱叫，直到不久之后，我有了一个惊人的发现：有两只小鸟快乐地跳来跳去。

A.jumping跳起；B.fighting战斗；C.seeking寻找；D.marching行进。

根据常识以及下文中的happily可知，此处应为小鸟快乐地“跳来跳去”符合语境。

故选A项。

48．考查形容词词义辨析。

句意：当我小心翼翼地挪向鸟儿时，它们又开始叫了起来，脖子向前伸着，显得更强壮，更有威胁性。

A.curious好奇的；B.patient耐心的；C.worried担忧的；D.careful小心的。

根据上文中的“As I inched towards the birds”可知，作者谨慎移动，所以此处为“小心翼翼的”符合语境。

故选D项。

49．考查形容词词义辨析。

句意：当我小心翼翼地挪向鸟儿时，它们又开始叫了起来，脖子向前伸着，显得更强壮，更有威胁性。

A.neater更整洁；B.simpler更简单；C.longer更长；D.stronger更强大。

根据上文中的“they started their croaking again,putting their necks forward”可知，鸟们见到作者就大叫，脖子向前伸着，一幅打架的姿势，结合下文中的“more threatening”可知，此处指的是他们这样做是为了显得“更强大”符合语境。

故选D项。

50．考查动词词义辨析。

句意：妈妈把小鸟放在自己的翅膀下，小心翼翼地蹲下身子，把它们藏得很好。

A.fed 喂；B.hidden藏起来；C.raised提高；D.identified识别，辨别。

根据语境及上文中的“The mother put the baby
birds under her wings and carefully crouched down over them”可知，见到作者，鸟妈妈把小鸟放在翅膀下，然后蹲下身子，这应是把小鸟“藏起来”的动作。

故选B项。

51．考查动词词义辨析。

句意：我正怀着敬意看着他们，突然绊了一下，摔倒在地。

A.tripped绊倒；B.moved 移动；C.alarmed使害怕；D.responded作出回应。

根据上文中的“suddenly”以及下文中的“and fell to the ground.”可知，作者突然摔到在地，由此可知，此处为“绊倒”符合语境。

故选A项。

52．考查名词词义辨析。

句意：鸟妈妈认为这是一种威胁，于是鸟爸爸向我扑过来，张开翅膀保护鸟妈妈和鸟宝宝。

A.target目标；B.defence防御；C.threat威胁；D.escape逃跑。

根据上文中的“I was watching them with respect when I suddenly___11___and fell to the ground.”可知，作者突然绊了一下摔倒在地，鸟妈妈应是也受到惊吓，所以此处指的是鸟妈妈把这当成一种“威胁”符合语境。

故选C项。

53．考查动词词义辨析。

句意：鸟妈妈认为这是一种威胁，于是鸟爸爸向我扑过来，张开翅膀保护鸟妈妈和鸟宝宝。

A.shooting射击；B.spilling溅起；C.folding折叠；D.spreading展开。

根据上文中的“the father raced towards me”以及下文中的“to protect the mother and the baby birds.”可知，鸟爸爸为了保护鸟妈妈与鸟宝宝，应是“展开”翅膀，向作者扑来。

故选D项。

54．考查形容词词义辨析。

句意：我对他们的勇敢行为感到惊讶。

itary军事的；B.individual个人的；
C.brave勇敢的；
D.average平均的。

根据下文中的“Their parental love made them so courageous.”可知，作父母的爱让他们如此英勇，由此可知，此处为“勇敢的”行为。

故选C项。

55．考查名词词义辨析。

句意：不尊重自然是很难的。

A.gratitude感激；B.respect尊敬；C.emotion情绪；
D.pleasure快乐。

根据语境以及上文中的“I was watching them with respect when I suddenly___11___and fell to the ground.”可知，作者的此次经历，使他意识到，要想不“尊重”大自然都很难。

故选B项。

56．an57．given58．who/that59．easy60．procedures 61．himself62．are selected63．with
64．the best65.and
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。

文章主要简单介绍了古代的科举考试的状元。

56．考查冠词。

句意：如果你有机会回到古代中国去问一个受过教育的人，他的梦想是什么。

此处“man人”为可数名词，且此处泛指“一个受过教育的人”，故应用不定冠词，educated音素以元音音素开头，故应用不定冠词an，故填an。

57．考查非谓语动词。

他会告诉你他想要中状元，也就是授予在最高科举考试中得第一的学者的头衔。

此处作定语，修饰title，give与title之间为被动关系，故此处应用过去分词作后置定语，故填given。

58．考查定语从句。

句意：同上。

此处引导定语从句，先行词为scholar，指人，定语从句中缺主语，故应用who/that引导，故填who/that。

59．考查形容词。

句意：在古代中国，当官并不那么容易。

此处作表语，主语为不定式to be an official，故此处应用形容词“easy容易”作表语，说明主语的特性，故填easy。

60．考查名词的数。

句意：考试很难，而且要经过很多程序。

此处“procedure程序”为可数名词，在句中作宾语，且根据空格前的different可知，此处应用名词的复数形式，故填procedures。

61．考查代词。

句意：结果必须由皇帝本人确认。

此处作emperor的同位语，故应用反身代词“himself他自己”，故填himself。

62．考查语态。

句意：一旦你被选为庄园，你会受到皇帝的赏识，穿着红色长袍，骑着一匹高大强壮的马出现在市中心的游行队伍中。

此处作谓语动词，主语为you，与select之间为被动关系，且根据主语的you will 可知，此处应用一般现在时，主将从现，故填are selected。

63．考查介词。

句意：同上。

此处指穿着红色长袍，骑着一匹高大强壮的马，表伴随，故应用介词with，故填with。