新教材 外研版选择性必修第三册全册重点单词短语句型汇总

外研版选择性必修第三册单词短语句型汇总Unit1 Face values .............................................................................. - 1 - Unit 2 A life's work ............................................................................ - 9 - Unit 3 War and peace ..................................................................... - 16 - Unit 4 A glimpse of the future ........................................................ - 23 - Unit 5 Learning from nature ........................................................... - 31 - Unit 6 Nature in words ................................................................... - 34 -
Unit1 Face values
Words and Phrases
1sensitive adj.敏感的
(教材P7)He has the outward appearance of the King of the Beasts，but he has a timid and sensitive character，which causes him to believe he is a coward.
他有着兽中之王的外表，但是他有着胆小而敏感的性格，这使他相信他是一个懦夫。

[例1]The bat's hearing is remarkably sensitive.
蝙蝠的听觉特别敏锐。

[例2]Her eyes are very sensitive to light.
她的眼睛对光很敏感。

[造句]他对自己丑陋的外貌很敏感。

He's very sensitive about his ugly appearance.
2comprehension n．理解(力)
(教材P8)How anyone could be formed in such a way was beyond her comprehension.
她无法理解怎么会有人长成这样。

[例1]The teacher set the class a comprehension test.
老师对全班同学进行了一次理解力测验。

[例2]She has no comprehension of the seriousness of the situation.
她丝毫不了解形势的严峻。

[造句]我不理解他为什么自己不能做。

Why he can't do it himself is beyond my comprehension.
(教材P10)When comparing and contrasting characters in a narrative，consider their appearance，actions，and motives.
在比较和对比故事中的人物时，要考虑他们的外表、行为和动机。

[例1]Greed was his only motive for stealing.
贪婪是他盗窃的唯一动机。

[例2]There seemed to be no clear motive for the attack.
这次袭击似乎没有明确动机。

[造句]他讲这个寓言故事是有用意的。

He had some motive in telling this fable.
(教材P2)Each“like”boosts my confidence.
每个“赞”都能增强我的自信。

[例1]These changes will help to boost share prices.
这些变化将有助于提高股票价格。

[例2]Encouraging your child's talents can boost his confidence and slowly establish his confidence in other areas.
鼓励孩子的某项才能，能够提升他的自信，慢慢就能扩展他在别的方面的信心。

[造句]我们需要休假以激发士气。

We need a holiday to boost our spirits.
(教材P2)People who pretend to be someone they are not tend to misjudge themselves.
自认为是个人物而其实不是的人往往会误判自己。

[例1]He would ask who we were and pretend not to know us.
他会问我们是谁，假装不认识我们。

[例2]The guest pretended to be enjoying the meal to show his politeness.
为了表示礼貌，这个客人假装吃得津津有味。

[造句]他假装已经理解了句子的隐含意义。

He pretended to have understood the hidden meaning of the sentence.
(教材P3)I only used to have five identical pairs of trousers and five identical shirts.
我以前只有5条一模一样的裤子和5件一模一样的衬衫。

[例1]The fingerprints of all individuals，even identical twins，are unique.
每个人，包括同卵双胞胎，其指纹都是独一无二的。

[例2]Different spreadsheet packages tend to be similar，
though not necessarily identical.
不同的电子制表软件包往往很相似，虽然不一定相同。

[造句]他们的衣服在外观都是相同的。

Their clothes are identical in appearance.
(教材P3)I didn't like being reviewed from head to toe.
我不喜欢被人从头到脚地审视。

[例1]He got coated with mud from head to toe.
他弄得从头到脚都是泥。

[例2]The following sections list and describe the letter
parts from head to toe.
下面从头至尾列出和阐述了一封信的各个组成部分。

[造句]他从头到脚穿了一身白色。

He was dressed in white from head to toe.
(教材P3)For a long time，this really bothered me.
在很长一段时间里，这真地困扰着我。

[例1]Thank you，but please don't bother.
谢谢，但请你不要费事了。

[例2]What a bother! We've missed the bus.
真恼人！我们错过了公交车。

[造句]我小睡的时候不要打扰我。

Don't bother me while I am taking my nap.
(教材P3)What I really admire is the way she has acknowledged that good health not only makes us more beautiful，but happier，too!
我真正钦佩的是她以这种方式承认健康不仅使我们更美丽而且使我们更快乐！
[例1]I gratefully acknowledge financial support from several local businesses.
我对几家本地企业的经济资助表示感谢。

[例2]I acknowledged him as an expert.
我视他为专家。

[造句]他承认做错了。

He acknowledged that he had made a mistake.
Sentence Pattern
1as though doing...
(教材P8)“But！”he said，as though hesitating whether to finish，“I am —I am deaf.”
“但是！”他说，好像在犹豫要不要把话说完，“我——我耳聋。

”
句式分析：句中as though hesitating whether to finish为状语从句as though he hesitated whether to finish的省略形式。

若as though/if引导的从句的主语与主句主语一致，且从句谓语为be，则省略“从句主语＋be”，从句就变成了“as though/if ＋形容词/副词/名词/介宾短语/分词/不定式”。

[例1]She pursed her lips together，as though fearing to betray her news.
她闭紧双唇，仿佛害怕透露出她的消息。

[例2]The girl left the room hurriedly as if (she was)angry.
女孩匆忙离开房间，似乎生气的样子。

[造句]他不时地转过身来，好像在找人。

From time to time，he turned round as if (he was)searching for someone.
2as引导方式状语从句
(教材P2)As a song in Ugly Betty puts it，“It's a pretty person's world”．
正如《丑女贝蒂》中的一首歌中所唱的，“这是一个漂亮的人的世界”。

句式分析：句中As a song in Ugly Betty puts it为as引导方式状语从句，意为“正如；就像”。

[例1]Leave it as it is.
让它保持原状好了。

[例2]She stayed in bed as the doctor had told her.
她遵照医嘱卧床休息。

[造句]告诉你怎么做你就怎么做，否则你会被解雇的。

Do as you are told to，or you'll be fired.
(教材P3)It's true that inner beauty is very important，but external beauty shouldn't be completely overlooked.
诚然，内在美很重要，但外在美也不应该完全被忽视。

句式分析：句中it为形式主语，真正的主语为后面的that从句。

[例1]It is important that you arrive on time.
你准时到达很重要。

[例2]It is necessary that he come next week.
他有必要下周来。

[造句]他改变主意很正常。

It is natural that he change his mind.
(教材P3)It plays a part in the image we present to the world，and making an effort with your appearance can leave a positive first impression on others and boost your confidence.
它在我们呈现给世人的形象中扮演着重要的角色，努力打扮自己可以给别人留下积极的第一印象，并增强你的自信心。

句式分析：句中making an effort with your appearance为动名词短语，作第二个分句的主语。

[例1]Reading aloud is a good way to learn a language.
大声朗读是学习语言的一种好方法。

[例2]Saying is one thing，and doing is another.
说是一回事，而做是另一回事。

[造句]每天散步对你的健康有好处。

Walking every day will do good to your health.
Unit 2 A life's work
Words And Phrases
1maximum n．最大量，最大值
(教材P21)Given the complexity of the work and the lack of necessary materials，this means that each expert can work on a maximum of two large pieces a year.
考虑到工作的复杂性和缺乏必要的材料，这意味着每个专家每年最多可以完成两件大型作品。

[例1]Temperatures usually reach their maximum after noon.
气温通常在正午后达到最高点。

[例2]The maximum score on this test is 100.
这次考试的满分为100分。

[造句]考试中，每题你最多花30 分钟。

In the exam，you have a maximum of 30 minutes for each question.
(教材P21)This new generation of artisans will not only help preserve traditional skills；the innovation they bring to the craft will also ensure that the art of clock repairing stands the rest of time.
新一代的工匠们不仅将帮助保存传统技艺，他们带来的创新也将确保钟表修理的艺术经久不衰。

[例1]We must preserve our natural resources.
我们必须保护自然资源。

[例2]It is the duty of the police to preserve the public order.
维护公共秩序是警察的职责。

[造句]成立这个协会是为了保护濒危物种不至于灭绝。

The society was set up to preserve the endangered species from dying out.
(教材P23)Yet they did not seek fame，and even today，their great works are associated more with the imperial court than with them.
然而，他们并不追求名声，即使在今天，他们的伟大作品更多地与朝廷联系在一起，而不是与他们联系在一起。

[例1]I don't like you associating with such people.
我不喜欢你和那些人混在一起。

[例2] In children's minds，summers are associated
with picnics.
在孩子们看来，夏天总是和野餐联系在一起。

[造句]人们常把中国与长城联系在一起。

People often associate China with the Great Wall.
(教材P23)The main body comprises paragraphs with supporting evidence and facts.
正文部分包括有支持证据和事实的段落。

[例1]The group is comprised of two guitarists，a
drummer，and a singer.
该乐团由两名吉他手、一名鼓手和一名主唱组成。

[例2]Groups are comprised of two or more people.
小组由两人或两人以上组成。

[造句]12个系组成了这所大学。

Twelve departments comprise this university.
(教材P14)And yet every member of New York's wealthy high society wanted nothing more than to pose for this man.
然而，纽约富有的上流社会的每一位成员都只想给这个人摆造型。

[例1]The model was posing carefully.
这位模特儿在认真地摆着姿势。

[例2]The thief posed as a chimney sweeper to enter the house.
小偷装成烟囱清扫工人进了房子。

[造句]你已经提出了一个难题。

You have posed a difficult question.
(教材P15)Through his fascination with what people were wearing，and not who they were，he opened the doors of fashion to everyone — fashion as he saw it belonged to the people，not just to high society and big brands.
通过他对人们穿着的着迷，而不是他们是谁，他为每个人打开了时尚的大门
——在他看来，时尚属于大众，而不只是属于上流社会和大品牌。

[例1]Why are they behaving in such a ridiculous fashion?
他们为什么如此不可思议地行事？
[例2]She spoke in French after the fashion of the court.
她用法语模仿法庭语言。

[造句]这店里的衣服都不流行了。

All the clothing at the store is out of fashion.
(教材P15)Although he was a world-famous fashion photographer，Cunningham's approach to life was uncomplicated.
虽然坎宁安是世界著名的时尚摄影师，但他的生活方式并不复杂。

[例1]This uncomplicated method is really functional.
该方法简单易行，具有较好的实用性。

[例2]You are good at solving problems in a practical，uncomplicated manner.
你擅长以实际而不复杂的方式解决问题。

[造句]尝试着保持生活简单不复杂。

Try keeping your life simple and uncomplicated.
Sentence Patterns
1with复合结构
(教材P21)With objects ranging from small pocket watches to clocks over one metre in height，each of these requires its own unique method of restoration.
从小怀表到一米多高的钟表，每一件都需要独特的修复方法。

句式分析：句中With objects ranging from small pocket watches to clocks over one metre in height为介词with的复合结构，在句中作状语。

[例1]He was asleep with his head on his arms.
他头枕着胳膊睡着了。

[例2]He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets going round it and only the moon still going round the earth.
他把固定的太阳放在太阳系的中心，别的行星都围绕太阳转动，只有月亮仍然围绕地球转动。

[造句]他闭目坐在那儿。

He sat there with his eyes closed.
(教材P21)Given the complexity of the work and the lack of necessary materials，this means that each expert can work on a maximum of two large pieces a year.
考虑到工作的复杂性和缺乏必要的材料，这意味着每个专家每年最多可以完成两件大型作品。

句式分析：句中Given the complexity of the work and the lack of necessary
materials 为given (that)...句式，意为“考虑到……”，引导的是一个状语从句。

[例1]Usually，I am sensible with money，as I have to be，given (that)I don't earn that much.
考虑到自己挣得不多，我用钱通常比较精打细算，这也是迫不得已。

[例2]Given (that)he gracefully apologized，the woman
accepted his apology.
在他有礼貌地道歉后，这位女士接受了他的道歉。

[造句]在缺乏经验的情况下，他们的工作已经算是做得相当不错了。

Given (that)they're inexperienced，they've done a good job.
3否定词nor位于句首引起部分倒装
(教材P14)Nor was it a wide range of contacts and connections.
也不是通过广泛的接触和联系。

句式分析：句中否定词nor位于句首引起部分倒装。

形式为：“nor ＋be动词/助动词/情态动词＋主语＋动词＋其他”。

表示前面的否定情况也适用于另一人或物，可用neither替换nor。

[例1]She couldn't work out the problem and nor/neither could I.
她解决不了这个问题，我也不能。

[例2]He never went again；nor did he write to apologize.
他再也没去，也没有写信道歉。

[造句]我不知道他的秘密，我也不想知道。

I don't know about his secrets and nor do I want to.
(教材P15)These things were real，and it was within their reality that Cunningham saw both beauty and potential.
这些东西都是真实的，正是在现实中，坎宁安看到了美和潜力。

句式分析：句中it was within their reality that为强调句型，结构为：it's＋被强调部分＋that ＋其他成分。

[例1]It was John who/that bought an old bike yesterday in a marketplace.
是约翰昨天在市场上买了辆旧自行车。

[例2]It was not until I got off the bus that I realized it.
直到下车之后我才意识到这事。

[造句]我把雨伞落在了教室里。

It was in the classroom that I left my umbrella.
(教材P15)He would even stay outside in a storm，not coming back until he knew he had the right photos.
他甚至会在外面待在暴风雨中，直到他知道他拍摄了理想的照片才回去。

句式分析：句中until引导时间状语从句，表示“直到……时”。

[例1]I'll work until he tells me to stop.
我会一直工作到他叫我停下来为止。

[例2]Until the last minute of the match，the players kept on playing.
直到比赛的最后一分钟，运动员们仍在奋战。

[造句]他们将一直等到她回来。

They will wait there till she returns.
Unit 3 War and peace
Words And Phrases
1emerge v.出现
(教材P32)It is no wonder that many，if not most，of China's leading scholars and scientists emerged at Lianda，including the two Nobel Prize­winning physicists，Yang Zhenning and Li Zhengdao.
难怪许多，如果不是大多数的话，中国顶尖学者和科学家出现在联大，包括两位诺贝尔物理学奖得主——杨振宁和李政道。

[例1]He didn't emerge from his bedroom until noon.
中午以前他一直在卧室里没有出来。

[例2]He emerged from the accident unharmed.
他在这次事故中侥幸脱险没有受伤。

[造句]这种药的问题现在开始暴露出来了。

Problems with this drug are now beginning to emerge.
(教材P33)In 2017，representatives from Peking University，Tsinghua University，Nankai University and Yunnan Normal University gathered to commemorate the 80th anniversary of its founding.
2017年，来自北京大学、清华大学、南开大学和云南师范大学的代表们齐聚一堂，纪念联大建校80周年。

[例1]The association is sending representatives to the conference.
协会将派代表出席大会。

[例2]The negotiation was attended by representatives of several states.
来自几个国家的代表出席了谈判。

[造句]这个事例典型地反映了警方的态度。

This case is a representative of the attitudes of the police.
(教材P35)In 1938，the Japanese army offered a large sum of money for Yang's head and a large number of troops surrounded his men.
1938年，日本军队出了一大笔钱买杨靖宇的人头，大批军队包围了他的部队。

[例1]The expenses came to an enormous sum.
开支总数巨大。

[例2]The sum will be increased by fifteen per cent.
金额将要增加15%。

[造句]他出一笔巨款买了这所房子。

He paid a large sum for the house.
(教材P36)Prepare a short presentation on one of the topics from Activity 2 or think of another relevant topic.准备一份关于活动2中某个主题的简短报告，或者思考另一个相关的主题。

[例1]Museums should have a more involved or relevant public role.
博物馆应起到进一步介入公众生活或更加举足轻重的社会作用。

[例2]These materials are relevant to the case.
这些材料与这案件有关。

[造句]除非你有什么切题的话要说，否则请勿打断人家。

Don't interrupt unless you have something relevant to say.
(教材P25)A good soldier is not violent.
一个好士兵是非暴力的。

[例1]It was the most violent film that I have ever seen.
这是我看过的最暴力的一部电影。

[例2]The mad man was violent and had to be locked up.
这个精神病患者很凶暴，不得不把他锁起来。

[造句]猛烈的火山爆发致使1 700人死亡。

The violent eruption killed 1，700 people.
(教材P27)Their objective was clear: to reach the Normandy beaches along about 80 kilometres of French coastline.
他们的目标很明确：沿着法国大约80公里的海岸线到达诺曼底海滩。

[例1]We succeeded in our main objective of cutting costs.
我们实现了削减费用的主要目标。

[例2]The legislation has failed to achieve its stated objectives.
这项法规没有达到它所宣称的目标。

[造句]目标是把球弄到网里。

The objective is to get the ball into the net.
(教材P27)One soldier recalled how he barely made it with bombs falling all around him.
一名士兵回忆说，当时他身边到处都是落下来的炸弹，他差点丧命。

[例1]Try to recall what happened.
用心回忆一下，发生了什么事情。

[例2]I seem to recall that she said she was going away.
我似乎记得她说过她打算离开。

[造句]她还能清晰地记起初次见面的情景。

She could still recall the first meeting clearly.
(教材P27)By the end of August 1944，the Allies had reached the River Seine，Paris was liberated and the Germans had been removed from north-west France.1944年8月底，盟军到达塞纳河，巴黎获得解放，德国人被从法国西北部赶走。

[例1]You should liberate the mind from prejudice.
你该解除心中的偏见。

[例2]The heat brings about a chemical reaction，and oxygen is liberated.
热量引起化学反应，释放出氧气。

[造句]这个城市是1949年解放的。

The city was liberated in 1949.
Sentence Pattern
1not only...but also...
(教材P33)But it has become the crowning glory of China's modern universities，not only because of its prominent professors and talented students，but also because of the school's strong spirit of perseverance and dedication.
但它已经成为中国现代大学的最高荣誉，不仅因为它杰出的教授和有才华的学生，还因为学校的坚强的毅力和奉献精神。

句式分析：句中not only...but also...“不仅……而且……”用作并列连词，相当于“not just ...but also ...”。

[例1]The Americans and the British not only speak the same language but also share a large number of social customs.
英国人和美国人不但语言相同，而且有很多相同的风俗习惯。

[例2]Light and bright colors make people not only happier but more active.
浅色和鲜艳的颜色不但使人看了高兴，也会使人更加活泼。

[造句]莎士比亚不仅是一位剧作家，而且是一位演员。

Shakespeare was not only a writer but (also)an actor.
2过去完成进行时
(教材P26)By spring 1944，the Second World War had been raging across the globe for about five years.
到1944年春，第二次世界大战已经在全球肆虐了大约五年。

句式分析：句中had been raging为过去完成进行时，是由“had been ＋现在分词”构成。

表示过去某一时间之前一直进行的动作。

[例1]I asked where they had been staying all those days.
我问他们那些天是待在哪儿的。

[例2]She had been suffering from a bad cold before she took the exam.
她在考试之前一直患重感冒。

[造句]直到那时他一直在翻译这些书。

Up to that time he had been translating those books.
(教材P26)Code-named“Operation Overlord”，it was the largest combined sea，air and land operation in history，the aim being to free north­west Europe from German occupation．
代号为“霸王计划”，这是历史上规模最大的海陆空联合行动，目的是要将
西北欧从德国占领下解放出来。

句式分析：句中the aim being to free north-west Europe from German occupation 为“名词＋现在分词”构成的独立主格结构。

[例1]The question being settled，we went home.
问题解决之后，我们就回家了。

[例2]We shall play the match tomorrow，weather
permitting.
假设明天天气好，我们就进行比赛。

[造句]班长病了，我们最好还是延期开会吧。

The monitor being ill，we'd better put the meeting off.
(教材P27)Meanwhile，thousands more were journeying across the English Channel to Normandy，protected by fighter planes in the skies above them．与此同时，数千名士兵在战斗机的保护下，横渡英吉利海峡前往诺曼底。

句式分析：句中protected by fighter planes in the skies above them为过去分词短语作伴随状语。

[例1]The teacher came in，followed by a group of students.
老师进来了，后面跟着一群学生。

(表示伴随)
[例2]Used with care，one tin will last for six weeks.
如果用得仔细的话，一罐够用六周。

(表示条件)
[造句]因为淋了一场大雨，所以他全身湿透了。

Caught in a heavy rain，he was all wet.
Unit 4 A glimpse of the future
Words And Phrases
1assess v．评价，评定
(教材P41)Bobby was assessed and his talents were revealed to be mostly scientific...
对博比进行了评估，发现他的才能主要是科学方面的……
[例1]That means you must be able to assess when people are not telling the whole truth and then try to discover it.
那意味着当人们没有说出全部事实的时候，你必须能够做出评估，然后试着去发现(事情的真相)。

[例2]After the flood，they assessed the loss at 10 million yuan.
洪水过后，他们估算经济损失为一千万元。

[造句]许多成年人都被认定在学习方面有困难。

Many of the adults were assessed as having learning difficulties.
(教材P43)Some of these ideas may sound far ahead of their time，but I'm sure they're bound to happen sooner or later!
这些想法中的一些可能听起来远远超前于他们的时代，但我相信它们迟早会
发生！
[例1]Who said that making a robot so much like a man was bound to cause trouble?
谁说造像人的机器人是注定要惹出麻烦的？
[例2]From that moment on my life has become bound up with hers.
从那一刻起，我的生命就与她的连在一起了。

[造句]只要我们坚持梦想、永不放弃，我们一定会取得成功。

So long as we hold fast to our ideals and never give up，we are bound to achieve success.
(教材P43)．..about shorter waiting times，with companies intending to provide on ­demand services.
……随着公司打算提供按需服务，等待时间缩短了。

[例1]In America the demand for oil has grown by 22 per cent since 1990.
自1990年以来，美国的石油需求量已经增长了22%。

[例2]The Harry Potter books are quite popular; they are in great demand in this city.
《哈利·波特》系列丛书非常受欢迎，它们在这个城市的需求量很大。

[造句]这家公司不能满足雇员对更高薪水的要求。

The company is unable to satisfy/meet the workers' demands for higher wages.
(教材P45)He was frowning，too，and the desperate look on his face meant that he wouldn't change his mind.
他也皱着眉头，脸上绝望的表情意味着他不会改变主意。

[例1]The starving refugees were desperate.
饿得要死的难民都悲观失望。

[例2]The sudden loss of his money made him
desperate.
突然丢钱使他很绝望。

[造句]其他妇女都渴望恢复工作。

Other women are desperate to get back to work.
(教材P38)Thanks to AI，I've got my own super­smart personal assistant built into my phone.
多亏了人工智能，我的手机里安装了我自己的超级智能个人助理。

[例1]An assistant sat typing away at a table beside him.
助手坐在他身旁的一张桌子上埋头打字。

[例2]The shop assistants didn't really want to discuss the matter，saying it was just my hard luck.
店员根本不想谈论此事，说这完全是我运气太差。

[造句]他当过这位总统的助理。

He worked as an assistant to the president.
(教材P39)Nearly every job is potentially at risk in the long run.
从长远来看，几乎所有的工作都存在潜在的风险。

[例1]The disease is potentially fatal.
这种疾病可能会致命。

[例2]All polling methods are potentially open to abuse.
所有的民意调查方法都有可能被滥用。

[造句]这无疑是一种潜在的危险局势。

Clearly this is a potentially dangerous situation.
I believe most of the value of AI lies in its capacity to analyse and
39
interpret vast amounts of data，which means it can even solve problems that are too challenging for human experts.我相信人工智能的大部分价值在于它分析和解释大量的数据的能力，这意味着它甚至可以解决人类专家难以解决的问题。

(1)capacity n．能力，才能；职位；容量
[例1]In my capacity as president，I would like to thank Jack for his hard work.
作为总统，我要感谢杰克的辛勤工作。

[例2]The mountain walk is well within the capacity of most fit people.
对大多数健康的人来说，走这条山路不成问题。

[造句]儿童生来就有理解语言的能力。

Children have a born capacity to understand the language.
(教材P39)One thing I think we all agree on，though，is that saying“My AI did it！”won't be any excuse for illegal or immoral behaviour!
不过，有一件事我想大家都同意，那就是说“这是我的人工智能做的！”不会成为任何违法或不道德行为的借口！
[例1]In this sentence，the writer uses an illegal
construction.
在本句中，作者使用了一个不合语法的结构。

[例2]It's illegal for people under 17 to drive a car in Britain.
在英国，不满17岁的人驾驶车辆是违法的。

[造句]把车停在这里是违法的。

It is illegal to park your car here.
Sentence Patterns
1This/That is/was why...
(教材P44)That's why I'm bring one here.
那就是为什么我带来了一个。

句式分析：句中that's why...那就是……的原因。

此处why引导表语从句。

[例1]Tom was ill.That was why he came late for the meeting.
汤姆病了。

那就是他开会迟到的原因。

[例2]I thought，this is why I've travelled thousands of miles.
我想，这就是我为何不远千里赶来的原因。

[造句]这就是为什么我建议用军犬的原因。

This is why I suggested attack dogs.
(教材P44)The outer side of the crater sloped southward and the Earth，which was low in the southern sky，was nearly full，so that the entire crater­slope was brightly lit.
陨石坑的外侧向南倾斜，低低地悬在南方天空上的地球几乎是满的，所以整个陨石坑斜坡都被照亮了。

句式分析：句中so that引导结果状语从句。

[例1]Everyone lent a hand，so that the work was
finished ahead of schedule.
每个人都帮了忙，所以工作提前完成了。

[例2]We arrived early，so that we got good seats.
我们到得很早，因此占到了好座位。

[造句]天气寒冷，河水都结冰了。

It was very cold，so that the river froze.
3either...or...不是……就是
(教材P38)In the words of Professor Stephen Hawking，artificial intelligence will be“either the best，or the worst thing，ever to happen to humanity”．用斯蒂芬·霍金教授的话来说，人工智能“要么是人类历史上最好的事物，要么就是最糟糕的事物”。

句式分析：句中either...or...连接两个表语，表示“不是……就是……；或者……或者……”。

[例1]I'm going to try to go to either Montreal or Ottawa University，as both are supposed to have good Physics Departments.
我想去蒙特利尔大学或渥太华大学，因为这两所大学的物理系都很棒。

[例2]It had also given me a choice，either to leave that page blank or to keep writing the story with hope.
它也给了我一个选择，或者留着那页空白或者带着希望继续写故事。

[造句]不是我父母就是我哥正待在家里。

Either my parents or my brother is (staying)at home now.
(教材P38)It used to feel like 50 per cent of my time was spent researching new restaurants.
我过去常常感觉好像自己有50%的时间都花在了寻找新餐馆上。

句式分析：句中used to do sth.表示“过去常常做某事”(指过去的习惯或状态)，现在已经不再做了。

[例1]I used to cook，but I don't have time to cook now.
我以前经常做饭，但是现在没时间做了。

[例2]Tom used to be a couch potato，but he works out everyday now.
汤姆过去是个电视迷，但现在每天都健身。

[造句]在星期天，他过去常常早起去钓鱼。

On Sundays he used to get up early and go fishing.
(教材P39)If not，it might wipe us all out!
如果不这样的话，它可能会把我们都消灭！
句式分析：句中if not 是if we're not lucky的省略形式，表示否定意义。

[例1]It is OK to leave an electrical appliance on so long as you are using it —if not，turn it off!
只要你在使用电器设备，你便可以把它开着，如果不用就把它关掉！
[例2]I think there's a bullet train at midday.If not，you will have to wait till 2 o'clock in the afternoon.
我想正午会有一辆动车。

要是没有，你只好等到下午2点了。

[造句]如果还没有，这就是你要做的第一步。

If not，this should be your first step.
Unit 5 Learning from nature
Words And Phrases
1withdraw v．退出
(教材P57)Both men were happy to withdraw from contemporary life，seeking a harmonious relationship with nature in the quietness of their lives.
两人都乐于从当代的生活中抽身而退，在平静的生活中寻求与自然的和谐关系。

[例1]The general decided to withdraw his soldiers.
那位将军决定撤军。

[例2]He failed to withdraw his remarks and apologize.。