虚拟语气语法总结

虚拟语⽓语法总结
虚拟语⽓语法总结
1.虚拟条件句谓语动词的构成形式
1) If you got burnt and dropped the pan of burning oil, you would have a house on fire.
2) If Marry hadn’t devoted all her time to study, as was the case with Tom, she c ouldn’t have passed the exam.
3) If our train were to arrive late, we should cance l the plan
4）If it were not for the fact that you are ill, I would ask you to do it right now.
2．特殊虚拟条件句
（1）倒装虚拟条件句
1）Had you (=If you had) invited us, we would have come to your party.
2）Were I (=If I were) you, I would do more practice after class.
3）Should it rain(If it should rain) tomorrow, I wouldn’t’t go.
4）Had he not broken (If he had not broken) the rules last week, he wouldn’t fall behind now, which annoys his mother.(核)（2）. 错综虚拟条件句
条件从句的动作和主句的动作不是同时发⽣.
If I had earned some money last summer, I would go on vacation next month.
If you had not missed the bus, we would be enjoying their concert now.
If it hadn’t been for the tsunami last year, the old man could be living a happy life now.
（3）. 含蓄虚拟条件句
虚拟条件从句通过下述词语引出：
with, without, but for, or, otherwise, if it had not been / if it were not for…etc
例如：
1）I couldn’t have won the competition without your encouragement.
2）With your assistance, we might finish the plan earlier
3）But for you advice, I would not be able to do this work.
4) Victor obviously doesn’t’t know what’s happened, otherwise he wouldn’t’t have made such
a stupid remark.
3 名词性从句中的虚拟语⽓
A. 常这样⽤的形容词有：appropriate 、advisable 、desirable、essential、imperative
important、insistent、necessary、natural、strange 、urgent、vital
B. 常这样⽤的抽象名词有：pity, shame
如：
1) It was natural that she (should) think so.
2) It is strange that he should have said so.
3) It is a great pity that he should be so careless.
4）It’s strange that such an outstanding actor should have killed himself when he was on top of his career.
4．建议、命令、和要求等,谓语形式是“(should)+动词原形”。

注：⽆论所在的句⼦是何种从句都⽤此种结构。

常这样⽤的动词及其名词形式有：
recommend 、request 、require 、advise 、propose、desire、insist、suggest 、command、order、
1）I insist that she (should) do her work alone. （宾从）
2）They proposed that all the plans(should) be discussed at the meeting. （宾从）
3）Mr. Smith has something urgent to attend to. Who do you suggest (should ) substitute for him at the meeting?（宾从）4）The teacher demanded that the monitor should see to it that all the students got the message.（宾从）
5）The children are required that under no circumstances should the door be kept unlocked.
（宾从）
6) The order that we received yesterday was that we should make preparations for the
coming parade.（定从）
7) It is desired that we should get everything ready by tonight.（主从）
8) What do you think of Mr Li’s proposal that we should have a together next Friday?（同从）
9) The old man’s request is that his children should give him some money to live on every month.（表从）
[注] 当suggest意为“暗⽰”，insist意为“坚持认为（⼀个事实）”时，其后的宾语从句中不⽤虚拟语⽓。

例如：
1）Her face suggested (暗⽰) that she was ill. So I suggested (建议) that she (should) be sent to the hospital immediately.
2) He insisted（坚持认为）that he was right. 她坚持认为⾃⼰是对的。

[注] 主句中wish的各种时态都不影响从句的时态，从句连词that常常省去。

1）I wish I were ten years younger.
2）I wish I had gone to the football match last night.
3) I wish I could have talked to her then.
4）He wishes you would go and visit him.
6. as if, as though
1) She looked after the orphan as if he were her own child.
2) They are talking as if they had been friends for many years.
[注1] as if从句的虚拟语⽓⽤进⾏时态时，表⽰动作正在进⾏，如：He heard a noise, as if someone were breathing. [注2] 在It looks (seems, sounds) as if后的从句中，如果接近事实的可能性⼤，也可⽤陈述语⽓，如：
It looks as if it is going to rain.
7．．．．would rather 与现状或将来事实不符⽤动词的过去时，与过去事实不符⽤动词的过去完成时。

1) I would rather he visited us today/tomorrow.
2) I would rather he had visited us yesterday.
3）Unlike the parents who are always forcing their child to follow them, I would rather my son did as he pleased. 4) What a pity! I would rather I had taken the teacher’s advice yesterday.
5）Do you feel like going out for a change or would you rather we two had dinner at home?
8．．．．It is (high) time that + sb did (should do )…
1) It is time that the boy should go to school.
2) It is high time (that) the weather be improved.
3）What a mess! It is time that your papers needed sorting out.
9. if (only)条件从句，表达说话⼈的强烈愿望。

如：
1）If (only) she were my sister! 她要是我姐姐（就好了）！
2）If only he had not left! 如果他没⾛（该多好啊）！
10．．．．⽤于表⽰祝愿的句⼦中
Long live + 主语！…万岁! …长存！
May you + 动词原形! 祝你
11．In case, for fear (that) ,suppose, supposing, etc.
Take an umbrella in case it should rain( it rains)
Suppose you were on holiday and you had a really good novel that you had been looking forward to reading. Supposing you had just bought a new DVD player.
I had to run away for fear that he might one day kill me.
12.隐含在上下⽂中的虚拟语⽓、
Anyone who had seen the painting might have taken it for a photo.
Anyone in his position would have done that.
What a pity! Five minutes earlier, and you could have caught the train.
I ‘m not sure if I would have had enough courage to refuse that.
Normally we would have been only too happy, as it would have guaranteed a seat for the whole journey.。