2019高考英语一轮基础梳理与练习 Unit 3 Under the sea(含解析)新人教版选修7

Unit 3 Under the sea
李仕才
【短文语法填空】
Felicity Miller, a 32­year­old British woman, __1__ has a Chinese husband, still remembers the __2__ (excite) when she first learned to use the “red packet” function on WeChat in 2015.She sent and grabbed some red packets in her Chinese family’s group.The rule in her family was that the __3__ (high) amount sent the next.
Attracted by the unique way of communicating, many foreigners __4__ (join) in sending and grabbing red packets so ually, the money in each packet is random.Thus the amount of money one can grab __5__ (large) depends on his or her luck, from 0.01 yuan to less than 200 yuan.Many foreigners get more familiar __6__ Chinese culture through “red packets”．Two years ago, when Felicity Miller was sent 5.20 or 8.88 yuan red packets, she had no clue about the __7__ (hide) meanings.Now, she has not only known about them, but also has sent a few.
However, the popularity of virtual red packets doesn’t stop people sending paper red packets __8__ (contain) real cash during the Spring Festival.It __9__ (call) lucky money.In Chinese tradition, people take giving children lucky money as __10__ blessing.
语篇解读：许多外国人通过“微信红包”更加熟悉中国文化。

但是真正的纸质红包并未被替代，在春节时人们给孩子压岁钱以表示对孩子的祝福。

1．who 分析本句结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，先行词为a 32­year­old British woman，故用who引导该定语从句。

2．excitement 根据空前的定冠词the可知，空处用名词形式。

3．highest 根据语境并结合常识可知，抢到红包金额最高的人要发下一个红包，故用最高级。

4．have joined 根据该句中的“so far”可知，到目前为止，已经有许多外国人被“微信红包”这一特殊的交流方式吸引，并参与了抢红包和发红包。

据此可知，本句用现在完成时。

5．largely 空处修饰动词短语“depends on”，故用副词形式。

6．with 许多外国人通过“微信红包”更加熟悉中国文化。

get familiar with为固定搭配，意为“熟悉……”。

7．hidden Felicity Miller不知道这两个数字背后隐藏的意义。

根据空前的冠词the 和空后的名词meanings可知，此处应用形容词作定语，故填hidden。

8．containing paper red packets和动词contain之间是主谓关系且contain与句子谓语之间无连词，故用现在分词短语作名词paper red packets的后置定语。

9．is called 这种纸质的红包被称为“压岁钱”。

根据句意可知，主语It 和动词call 之间为动宾关系，故用被动语态；本句陈述的是一般现象，故用一般现在时。

10．a 人们将给孩子压岁钱作为一种祝福。

此处泛指“一种祝福”，故用不定冠词。

(对应学生用书P168)
一．高考单词→识记·思考·运用
1．核心词汇
①__annual__ adj.每年的；按年度计算的n．年刊；年鉴
②__pause__ vt.暂停；中止
③__drag__ vt.拖；拉；扯
④__urge__ vt.催促；极力主张
⑤__target__ n．目标；靶子
⑥deep adj.深的 __depth__ n．深度；深处
2．常考词汇
①flee (fled，fled) vi.__逃避；逃跑__
vt.__逃离__
②opposite prep.__在……对面__
adj.__相反的__
opposition n．__反对；抵抗__
oppositely adv.__相反地__
③accommodation n．__住所；住宿__
accommodate vt.__提供住宿__
④abandon vt.__放弃；遗弃；抛弃__
abandoned adj.__被遗弃的；放纵的__
⑤reflect v．__思考；映射；反射__
reflection n．__反射；反映__
⑥aware adj.__意识到的；知道的__
awareness n．__意识，觉悟__
⑦scare vi.__恐吓__
vt.__受惊吓__
scared adj.__恐惧的；害怕的__
⑧conservation n．__保护；保存__
⑨pension n．__养老金__
用所给单词的适当形式填空
1．Many farmers __opposed__ (oppose) the plan because they feared that wolves would kill their farm animals or pets.(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)
2．To construct a working still, use a sharp stick or rock to dig a hole four feet across and three feet __deep__ (depth)．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)
3．There are several reasons to believe that the __urges__ (urge) to help，inform and share are not taught，but naturally possessed in young children.(2016·江苏卷) 4．Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised __awareness__ (aware) of the dangers of pollution on humans and on the world’s lakes and oceans.(2016·全国卷Ⅰ) 5．“and I know what you meant，but slowing down __scares__ (scare) me.Life isn’t having it made；it’s getting it made.”(2015·天津卷)
6．It is not the story itself but what __is reflected__ (reflect) in the story that counts.(2015·福建卷)
7．It is thought that they are capitalising on their predators (天敌) __fleeing__ (flee) to quieter areas.(2015·四川卷)
8．Many scientists suspect workers first would have put the blocks on sleds (滑板)．Then they would __have dragged__ (drag) them along paths.(2015·四川卷)
❶“最终，最后”家族
①eventually adv.终于，最后；
eventual adj.最终的
②finally adv.最后，终于；final adj.最后的；最终的
③lastly adv.最后(一点)
④at last 最后
⑤in the end 最后
❷后缀or必备名词集锦
①calculator 计算器/机
②competitor 竞争人，对手
③director 指导者，导演
④indicator 指示者
⑤governor 统治者，地方长官
⑥actor 演员
⑦visitor 参观者
⑧translator 翻译家，翻译者
❸“名词＋名词”构成的高频词速记
①headache n．头痛
②suitcase n．手提箱
③teamwork n．团队合作；配合
④timetable n．时间表；时刻表
⑤background n．背景；经历
❹以“fy”结尾的动词
①identify vt.确认；识别
②clarify vt.澄清；阐明
③satisfy vt.使满意
④beautify vt.美化
⑤classify vt.分类
⑥purify vt.使纯净
⑦simplify vt.简化
【完形填空】
When I was young，I thought that kindness was a beneficial thing.I __1__ that I could just give what I thought others __2__ and I would get a one way ticket to Happyville (快乐小镇). This thought process was __3__ changed when I suffered from clinical depression. __4__ became obvious that what I needed，as everyone did，was just the __5__ to love oneself. Apart from that，I had to learn how to make deeper and more meaningful connections __6__ people.
My struggle with mental health was something that __7__ into a campaign to let every single person know that they __8__ and couldn't be replaced.At high school，it could be __9__ to convey this idea，but I __10__ pursued my passions (激情). The __11__ of my effort were the habits and traditions I had created to help __12__：Every Friday，I went to school with homework treats and __13__ them to those who seemed to need a pick­me­up.I tried to __14__ as many names as I possibly could.I had started a club which gave students a __15__ place to express themselves and learn __16__ to apply empathy(同感，共鸣) in their everyday lives. On my personal social media account, I posted weekly __17__ to inspire both myself and my friends.
When I go off the college this year，I'll be working towards a degree in college.This will help me start a non­profit foundation in the future.My __18__ goal is to prove that the world is not a collection of __19__ problems，but something that can be changed by even the __20__ actions.
1．A.wondered B．figured
C．doubted D．predicted 2．A.wanted B．ignored
C．lost D．ordered
3．A.unfortunately B．totally C．regularly D．accurately 4．A.It B．They
C．He D．This
5．A.ability B．desire
C．belief D．reason
6．A.for B．with
C．from D．about
7．A.fell B．divided C．broke D．turned
8．A.mattered B．existed C．survived D．succeeded 9．A.difficult B．funny C．different D．perfect 10．A.casually B．briefly C．firmly D．surely 11．A.difficulty B．purpose C．fruits D．method 12．A.strangers B．teenagers C．friends D．families 13．A.led B．lent
C．passed D．limited 14．A.write B．memorize C．prepare D．recall 15．A.quiet B．important C．large D．safe
16．A.how B．what
C．where D．when
17．A.discussions B．suggestions C．experience D．theories
18．A.final B．primary
C．simple D．grand
19．plex B．unsolvable
C．unknown D．terrible
20．test B．laziest
C．slowest D．smallest
【解题导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。

作者与抑郁症作斗争的经历使他转变了思想，并用实际行动来帮助青少年和朋友们。

他告诉大家，每个人都同样重要并且不可替代。

因此我们必须做出行动，因为即使是最小的行动都可以产生影响。

1．B 考查动词辨析。

句意为：我以为只要我能给予别人我认为他们想要的东西，我就能得到一张去快乐小镇的单程票。

A项意为“想知道”；B项意为“认为，以为”；C项意为“怀疑”；D项意为“预测”。

短文第一句说明了作者小时候的想法，即作者认为善良是一件有益的事情，然后接着详细地解释他的想法。

B项符合语境。

故选B。

2．A 考查动词辨析。

A项意为“想要”；B项意为“忽视”；C项意为“丢失”；D
项意为“命令，订购”。

此处指作者认为给予别人他认为别人需要的东西，他就会快乐。

A 项符合语境。

故选A。

3．B 考查副词辨析。

A项意为“不幸地”；B项意为“完全地”；C项意为“定期地”；D项意为“准确地”。

由下文可知，因为作者的临床抑郁症，作者以前给予别人想要的东西的想法变成了努力用他的想法去影响别人，改变别人，所以此处表达的是“这个思维过程完全变了”。

B项符合语境。

故选B。

4．A 考查代词辨析。

此处为句型“It becomes/became＋adj.＋that从句”，代词it 为形式主语，that引导的从句为真正的主语。

故选A。

5．A 考查名词辨析。

A项意为“能力”；B项意为“渴望”；C项意为“信念”；D
项意为“理由”。

ability to do sth.表示“做某件事的能力”，根据语境可知，作者所需要的和每个人所需要的一样，就是爱自己的能力。

A项符合语境。

故选A。

6．B 考查介词辨析。

句意为：除了这一点，我必须学会如何与人们建立更深、更有意义的联系。

make connection with...是固定短语，表示“与……建立联系”。

故选B。

7．D 考查动词短语辨析。

各选项所给动词均可与介词into构成固定搭配：fall into 意为“跌入”；divide into意为“分成”；break into意为“闯入”；turn into意为“变成”。

由上文可知，作者的思维过程改变了，产生了新的想法，因此作者表达的是他在心理健康方面的挣扎变成了一场运动。

turn into符合语境。

故选D。

8．A 考查动词辨析。

A项意为“重要，有关系”；B项意为“存在”；C项意为“幸存”；D项意为“成功”。

根据空格后面的“and couldn’t be replaced”可推知，此处表达的是“让每个人都知道他们很重要，无法被替代”。

A项符合语境。

故选A。

的”；D项意为“完美的”。

由转折连词but和第二个分句的内容可知，此处指的是“在高中，很难传递这个想法”。

A项符合语境。

故选A。

10．C 考查副词辨析。

A项意为“随意地”；B项意为“简短地”；C项意为“坚定地”；D项意为“确信地”。

根据but表示转折可知，此处应表达“但是我坚定地追随我的激情”。

C项符合语境。

故选C。

11．C 考查名词辨析。

上文提到虽然在学校作者很难传递自己的思想，但是他不放弃，由此可知，作者努力的结果就是他创造了帮助……的习惯和传统。

此处fruits表示“结果，成果”，符合语境。

故选C。

12．B 考查名词辨析。

...Every Friday，I went to school with homework treats and ________ them to those who seemed t o need a pick­me­up.(第二段第三句) 译文：……每个星期五，我带着作业的奖品来到学校，把它们发给那些似乎需要提神的孩子们。

由关键句可以推断，作者帮助的是那些青少年们。

teenager意为“青年，青少年”，符合语境。

故选B。

13．C 考查动词辨析。

pass sth.to sb.是固定短语，意为“把……传递/分发蛤某人”，此处表达的是作者把带来的作业奖品发给那些需要提神的孩子们。

故选C。

14．B 考查动词辨析。

A项意为“写”；B项意为“记住”；C项意为“准备”；D项意为“回忆”。

由语境可知，作者想帮助青少年，所以他尽可能多地记住他们的名字。

故选B。

15．D 考查形容词辨析。

作者建立了一个俱乐部，学生们在这里可以表达自己的想法，由此可知这是一个安全的地方，学生们能够畅所欲言。

safe意为“安全的”，符合语境。

故选D。

16．A 考查连接词辨析。

此处为“疑问词＋不定式”结构作宾语。

由语境可知，作者想让学生学会如何把表达的情感运用到日常生活中。

how意为“怎样，如何”，符合语境。

故选A。

17．B 考查名词辨析。

A项意为“讨论”；B项意为“建议”；C项意为“经验”；D 项意为“理论”。

在作者的个人社交网络账号上，作者每周发出的用于激励自己和朋友的帖子应是建议之类的内容。

B项符合语境，其余各项均与语境不符。

故选B。

18．A 考查形容词辨析。

This will help me start a nod­profit foundation in the future.(最后一段第二句)
译文：这将帮助我在将来建立一个非盈利基金会。

由关键句可知，作者一直坚持自己的信仰和做法，那么接着说的就是他的最终目标。

final意为“最后的，最终的”，符合语境。

故选A。

知的”；D项意为“糟糕的”。

由语境可知，作者的最终目标是要证明这个世界不是无法解决的问题的集合体。

unsolvable与下文的“can be changed”相衔接且符合语境。

故选B。

20．D 考查形容词最高级辨析。

A项意为“最新的”；B项意为“最懒的”；C项意为“最慢的”；D项意为“最小的”。

由本句中的“even”可知，此处指的是甚至是最小的行动都会改变一些事情。

D项符合语境。

故选D。

二．重点短语→识记·思考·运用
1．(be)＋adj.＋of
①(be) ahead __of__ 优于；在……前面
②be/become aware __of__ 对……知道、明白；意识到……
2．be＋adj.＋to
①(be) scared __to__ death 吓死了
②get close __to__ 靠近
③be __about__ to do 即将；将要
3．动词＋介词(副词)
①aim __at__ 瞄准
②help(...) __out__ 帮助(某人)摆脱困境或危难
③hold __up__ 举起；抬起；支撑；阻挡；使延误
4．其他形式
①__in__ the meantime 在此期间；与此同时
②upside __down__ 上下翻转
用左栏所给短语的适当形式填空
1．He was rushing back to __help__ them __out__ of poverty.
2．At first I was not quite __aware of__ what the gentleman was aiming at.
3．The conference will begin in an hour；__in the meantime__，let’s have a chat.
4．From now on，you don’t take me to watch horrible movies.I __was scared to death__ last night.
5．She was always well __ahead of__ the rest of the class.
6．I __was about to__ leave when the telephone rang.
7．They，too，are __getting close to__ the time when they start to build their nests.
8．I’m sorry，but my remarks were not __aimed at__ you.
❶“动词＋out”短语全接触
①bring out 出版；公布
②carry out 执行
③check out 结账后离开
④drop out 退出
⑤leave out 忽略；遗漏
⑥cut out 停止；剪下
⑦let out 放出
⑧back out 决定不履行(允诺的事)
❷to为介词……的短语串记
①compare...to...把……比作
②adapt...to...使……适应……
③adjust...to...调节……以适应……
④attach...to...将……附在……上
⑤prefer...to...喜欢……胜过……
⑥apply...to...把……应用于……；专心于
⑦addict...to...对……上瘾
⑧expose...to...将……暴露于……之下三．佳句选粹——在解读中学懂，在仿写中学通
【短文改错】
This morning ，I got an e ­mail from the library.It said the book I reserved was ready to be picking up.Because I had always been waiting to read it ，so at that moment I was very exciting.Outside the library ，I saw the man driving around the small parking lot ，try to find a parking space.He head for the disabled parking space ，the only one that was free.He got off his car with a pile of library book to return.Seeing that ，I offered to return them to him.He thanked me and jumped quick in his car and drove off ，keeping the disabled parking space free for someone needed it.
【答案】
This morning ，I got an e ­mail from the library.It said the book I reserved was
ready to be picking picked
up.Because I had always been waiting to read it ，﹨s o at that moment I was very exciting excited .Outside the library ，I saw the a
man driving around the small parking lot ，try trying to find a parking space.He head headed
for the disabled parking space ，the only one that was free.He got off his car with a pile of library book books
to return.Seeing that ，I offered to return them to for him.He thanked me and jumped quick quickly
in his car and drove off ，keeping the disabled parking space free for someone ∧who needed it.
第一处：picking→picked。

考查动词语态。

根据语境可知，pick up 和句子主语book 构成动宾关系，故用被动语态。

第二处：删除so 。

考查连词。

so 和because 都是连词，不能同时使用，故删除so 。

注：删除Because 保留so 也是可以的。

第三处：exciting→excited。

考查分词形容词。

excited 一般修饰人，而exciting 一般修饰物。

第四处：the→a。

考查冠词。

man 第一次在语境中出现，故用不定冠词修饰。

第五处：try→trying。

考查非谓语动词。

try 和句子谓语saw 之间没有连词，故用非谓语动词。

此外，try 和句子主语I 构成主谓关系，故用现在分词作状语。

第六处：head→headed。

考查动词时态。

由后面的“was free”可知，应用一般过去时。

第七处：book→books。

考查名词复数形式。

根据a pile of可知，书不止一本，故用复数形式。

第八处：to→for。

考查介词。

介词for表示“为了”，符合语境。

第九处：quick→quickly。

考查副词。

此处应用副词修饰动词jumped，在句子中作状语。

第十处：someone后加who。

考查定语从句。

who引导定语从句，在从句中作主语。

11。