介词是高考中的一个重要考点

·1介词是高考中的一个重要考点，在连续两年的广东高考中都有两空是专门考查介词的，占语法填空的五分之一。

该题要求“在空格处填入一个适当的词”的限定，所以我们要重点关注简单介词(一个单词的介词)，主要考点有：
1.表示时间介词有:
at, in, on 表示时间点和时间段by 不迟于，到……时为止after 在……之后
before 在……之前since 自从……for 表示一段时间; during 在……期间within在……期间，不超过throughout贯穿……期间over在……期间，过完一段时间from…to…从……到until/till直到between在……之间
2. 表示方位的介词有：
into进入；out of从……出来；along沿着；(a)round围饶着或在……的各处；
down沿……而下；up沿……而上；from从；off从……离开或下来；at朝着或向着；
for到……去；to到或向；towards向或朝着；at在某一点或在(某物)旁；
in在某一范围内；on在某物的表面上；above在……的上头或高出；
below在…下面或低于；among在(多者)之中；between在(两者)之间；around在……周围；inside在……的里面；outside在……的外面；before在……之前；behind在……的后面；over在……的上方或上面；under在……的下面或下方；
beside/by在……的旁边；near在……的附近；
beyond在……的那一边，远于，超过(某事物的范围)；across在……的对面或那一边；against靠着；across从一边到另一边；by/past从某人或某物的旁边经过；
over从某人或某物的上空经过；through从某事物的里面经过
3. 表示原因的介词有because of, owing to, due to, for, with, at(常放在表示情感变化后的动词、形容词或名词后表示原因，相当于“听到或看到”)等。

4. 表示方式、方法或手段的介词有by乘、坐、骑(接交通工具), 靠、通过；in用(某种语言或材料，如墨水等)；with用(具体的工具)，和……一起；through通过(实践或书本)等。

5. 表示“除……外”的介词有except, besides, but, except for等。

6. 表示“数量”的about(大约), around(大约), over(超过)等；表示“关于”的on, about等；表示“所属”“部分与整体关系”的of；表示(增加/减少，相差，高出等的)程度的by；以及as(当作，作为)，like(像…一样)等。

7. 能接复合宾语的介词有with和without。

8. 短语中的介词。

如“动词+介词”短语，如look after, care for，congratulations on等；“动词+副词+介词”短语，如catch up with, get on with, work hard at, do well in等；“动词+名词+介词”take are of, take notice of等；
“名词+介词”，如effect on等。

1. 什么情况下可能是填介词？
我们首先必须知道两点：
(1)介词必须要接宾语，其宾语可以是名词、代词、动名词，或者what从句；
(2)名词、代词或动名词在句中通常作主语、动词的宾语、介词的宾语。

因此，我们在解答语法填空时，若空格后是名词、代词或动名词时，且他们不是在句中作主语，也不是在动词后作宾语时，这个格空就很可能是填介词。

2. 应该填哪个介词？
在判断可能填介词之后，要根据具体的语境来确定填哪个介词，特别是根据空格所在句子的意思来选择一个恰当的介词。

另外，以下几条思路对解题非常有用：
(1)由介词短语与谓语的逻辑关系来确定。

2008年广东高考36题，“感到累了”应当是“干活一整天之后”，故填after。

(2)由所处句型的特殊需要来确定。

如2008年广东高考31题，这是一个there be句型，该句型一般是表示“在某个地点存在某人或某物”；可见“_______these proverbs”应当是表示地点的；不难得知“有趣故事”应当是在“这些成语的背后”，故填behind。

(3)由特殊的结构关系来确定。

如能接复合宾语(宾语+宾补)的介词只能是with或without。

(4)考虑介词(空格)与前面的动词或名词之间的搭配关系，或者介词(空格)与后面名词之间的搭配关系来确定具体要填的介词。

1] Chinese proverbs are rich and they are still widely used in Chinese people’s daily life. _____these proverbs there are often interesting stories. (广东)
因these proverbs是名词，且不是作主语、宾语、表语等，前面很可能是填介词；句意是“在中国的这些成语故事的背后常常有有趣的故事”，表示“在……背后”，用介词behind 2 He was very tired _______ doing this for a whole day...
累了必定是在干了一整天活之后，故填after；另外，表示“因……而累”，be tired from 也是固定短语，故也可填from。

3.the villagers who had gathered around me were arguing as to who should have the honour of receiving me ______a guest in their house.
分析：句意是“把我们作为客人接待”，表示“当作，作为”用介词as。

4I wanted to reward the old woman ______the trouble I had caused her.
句意是“我想酬谢我们给她造成了麻烦的那个年迈的妇女。

” 表示“因……而酬谢/报答某人”，是reward sb. for sth.，即用for引出原因，故填for。

类似的表达还有: thank sb. for sth.; praise sb. for sth.; punish sb. for sth.等。

一、单句填空：用适当的介词填空。

1. Fred entered without knocking and, very out of breath, sank ______ a chair. (安徽)
2. If you really have to leave during the meeting, you’d better leave ______ the back door. (北京)
3. A great man shows his greatness ______ the way he treats little men. (福建)
4. Y ou have no idea how she finished the relay race ______ her foot wounded so much. (福建)
5. I like Mr. Miner’s speech; it was clear and ___________ the point. (辽宁)
6. Let’s learn to use the problem we are facing ______ a stepping-stone to future success. (宁夏)
7. Modern equipment and no smoking are two of the things I like ______ working here. (全国Ⅱ)
8. I began to feel _________ home in the new school when I saw some familiar faces. (山东
9. Elizabeth has already achieved success ______ her wildest dreams. (陕西)
10. Everything was perfect for the picnic except _________ the weather. (浙江)
11. This is a junior school. Y ou should go to a senior school ______ girls of your age. (北京)
12. Although _________ my opinion, the old professor didn’t come up with his own. (福建
二、语篇模拟：用适当的介词填空。

Fathers Day occurs on the 3rd Sunday in June. The idea for creating a day [1]______children to honor their fathers began in Spokane, Washington. A woman[2]______the name of Sonora Smart Dodd thought[3] ______ the idea for Father's Day while listening to a Mother's Day sermon [4]______ 1909.
Having been raised [5]______ her father, Henry Jackson Smart, after her mother died, Sonora wanted her father to know how special he was [6]______her. It was her father that made all the parental sacrifices and was,[7] ______the eyes of his daughter, a courageous, selfless, and loving man. Sonora's father was born in June, so she chose to hold the first Father's Day celebration [8]______ Spokane, Washington [9]______the 19th of June, 1910.
In 1924 President Calvin Coolidge announced the third Sunday in June [10]______Father's Day.
Roses are the Father's Day flowers。