九年级英语Unit 6 Dinosaurs’ Death北京版

Unit 6 Dinosaurs’ Death
一、学习目标
二、部分单词讲解
（1）wonder about对某物表示惊讶，不敢相信；
如：Sometimes I wondered about his behavior. 有时我对他的行为表示惊讶。

（2）prove to be证明是；
如：Your teaching experience proved to be useful. 你的教学经验证明是有用的。

（3）prove that证明；
如：It is impossible to prove that God exists. 无法证明上帝存在。

三、课文讲解
1．I often help people carry goods. 我经常帮助人类运送货物。

英语中有几个表示“带、拿”的动词。

（1）bring意思是“带来，拿来，取来”，指从别处把某人或某物带到或拿到说话者所在的地点来。

eg: Next time you e, bring me that book please.
My books are upstairs. Will you bring them down?
（2）take意思是“带去，拿走”，和bring相反，指从说话者所在地把某人或某物带去或拿走。

eg:
Who took away today’s newspaper?
He took my dictionary without asking.
（3）get, fetch. 表示到某处去把某人/物找到并带来。

eg:
Go and get （fetch）some water.
Can you fetch me some paper?
（4）carry意思是“携带”、“搬运”，即把某人带在身边或把某物带在身上，指随身携带，carry不说明带的方向。

eg:
Let me carry this bag for you.
I don’t carry any money.
2．Its head was about five feet long. 它的头有5尺长。

five feet long 5尺长
表示某物的长宽高：数词+量词+形容词
five metres high 5米高
two metres long 2米长
3．Few female pandas reach 220 pounds. 很少有雌性大熊猫达到220磅。

（1）关于few, a few, little, a little用法辨析
例如：
①I have a few apples, But I have little water in my bottle.
②Mary has a little water ,but she has few pears.
（2）reach, get和arrive的用法
arrive到达
①get和arrive都是不及物动词，其后只能跟表示地点的副词，若是跟名词则须再加介词，即get to ＋地点名词，arrive in / at ＋地点名词（in 之后跟表示大地方的词，at之后跟表示小地方的词）。

若是只说“到达”，而不指出到达哪里，则只能用arrive。

例如：
How did you get / arrive there?
你怎么到那儿的？
I got to / arrived in Beijing the day before yesterday.
我前天到的。

When do you often get to / arrive at school?
你经常什么时候到校？
When will you arrive?
你什么时候到？
②reach为及物动词，其后既可跟名词也可跟副词。

例如：
I reached Beijing the day before yesterday.
我前天到的。

We reached here on foot.
我们步行到这儿的。

4．Scientists are always wondering about the cause of their extinction. 科学家一直想搞清楚它们绝迹的原因。

（1）scientist科学家（指人）
（2）science科学（指物）
①I like science very much. 我非常喜欢自然科学。

②The scientist didn’t find out why the dinosaurs w ere extinct by now. 到目前为止，科学家还没有发现恐龙为什么灭绝。

5．It is reported that there is a huge hole…
据报道有一个大洞……
（1）It’s reported. 据说，据报道。

①It’s reported that people are increasing very fast in countryside ,we must control them.
据说在乡村人口增长迅速，我们必须要控制他们。

②It’s reported many people are dead every year because of illness.
据说每年都有许多人因为疾病而死亡。

（2）big，great，large和huge的用法
big，great，large和huge都有“大的”意思，但用法不同。

big最通俗、常用，强调比正常程度、X围及规模的标准大，常用于修饰人、物或数量。

反义词是little和small。

They were all very big and strong. 他们个个高大强壮。

China is a big country. 中国是个大国（强调实力）
large强调远远超过标准的“大”，可指“数量、容量、体积和面积的大”，比big正式，反义词是small。

Shall we go to the largest island or the smallest one? 我们去最大的岛还是去最小的岛？
China is a large and beautiful country.
中国是个大而美丽的国家。

（强调面积）
huge强调尺寸、体积“庞大”，容量和数量“巨大”。

指体积时，比large，great所指的体积大，但不强调重量。

He lived in a huge house. 他住在一个很大的房子里。

He has a huge sum of money. 他有一大笔钱。

great通常指抽象的事物。

可表示数量、距离和程度的大，修饰人时，意为“伟大的”。

Edison was a great American inventor. 爱迪生是美国伟大的发明家。

We are going to visit the Great Hall of the People. 我们打算参观人民大会堂。

6．Though it is proved that the large object maybe the cause of the extinction of dinosaurs.
尽管那个巨大的物体被证明和恐龙及其他一些动物的死亡密切相关。

Though 虽然，尽管（注意：though 不能于but连用）
Although / Though he is very old, he is still quite strong.
Though he is young, he can lift a big stone.
7．As a result, the weather became greatly cold. 结果天气变的非常的冷。

as a result结果
①As a result, he passed the exam. 结果他通过了考试。

②As a result, he didn’t find the key to door. 结果他没有找到门的钥匙。

8．Because of no food, the animals soon died.
由于没有食物，动物很快就死亡了。

because因为，通常接从句
because of因为通常接短语
①He didn’t e here because his son was ill badly. 他没有来这里，因为他们儿子病的厉害。

②Because of ing late, H e didn’t catch the early bus. 由于他来迟了，他没有赶上早班车。

9．But it hit with great force so that poisonous chemicals were given out. 但是它撞击力量很大，因而散发出有毒的化学物质。

so…that…与so that的用法
（1）在so…that…句型中，so后面加形容词或副词，其意为“如此……以至于……”。

如：
①This book is so interesting that everyone wants to read it. 这本书很有趣，人人都想看看。

②He ran so fast that I couldn’t catch up with him. 他跑得那么快，我没赶上他。

（2）so… that…引导的是表示结果的状语从句，但不一定是“如此……以至于……”。

如：
①The workers did so well that he was pleased with them. 工人们干得很好，他对他们很满意。

②I was so busy here (that) I had no time to write a letter. 我在这里很忙，没时间写信。

（3）so that引导目的状语从句，其从句中的谓语动词通常和can, may, should等情态动词连用，而且主句和从句之间不使用逗号，意为“以便，为了，使能够”。

如：
①They got up early so that they could catch the early bus. 为了能赶上早班车，他们早早就起床了。

②Say slowly so that I can understand you. 说慢点，好让我听明白。

（4）so that句型也可以用来引导结果状语从句，意为“因此，结果”，这时其从句中的谓语动词不与情态动词连用。

这种结构和so…that…引导的结果在含义上有很大的区别。

So that句型所表示的结果往往同主句有因果关系，而so…that…句型所表示的结果往往表明so后面形容词或副词和程度。

请比较：
He didn’t plan his time well, so that he didn’t finish his work in time. 他没有把时间计划好，结果没有按时完成这项工作。

（没按时完成这项工作的原因是没计划好时间）
It’s so hot that I can’t sleep. 天气热得我不能入睡。

（天气热到人不能入睡的程度。

）
10．They hope that in the future we will have a better understanding about any chemical reactions which have influenced the environment.
他们希望未来我们能够对损害环境的化学反应有更多的了解。

wish和hope的用法区别
1）wish意为“但愿、希望、渴望、想要”，一般表示难以实现的愿望，特别是作“但愿”讲时。

wish 后可跟从句，从句一般用过去时，表示现在或将来；还可跟不定式，复合宾语以及双宾语。

例如：
①I wish I could fly to the moon one day. 但愿我有一天能飞到月球上去。

（客观上看来没有什么可能性）
②I wish I was rich. 但愿我能发财。

③He wishes me to go there. 他希望我去那里。

④I wish you a happy New Year! 祝你新年快乐！
⑤All the students wished their teachers good luck in the next year. 所有的学生祝老师们来年幸运。

2）hope意为“希望、盼望”，它表示的愿望一般都可能实现，比较现实。

hope后可跟不定式作宾语，也可跟宾语从句，从句用直接陈述语气。

例如：
①I hope(that) it will be fine tomorrow.
我希望明天天气好。

（客观上有可能）
②She hopes to visit the Great Wall.
她希望去参观长城。

③He hopes(that)he can go with us.
他希望能和我们一起去。

[注意]hope不能用于hope sb. to do 这种句型，例如：
①
②
11．—Which of the two views is more reasonable, the first or the second?
—Maybe both.
—两个观点哪个更合理，第一个还是第二个？
—可能两个都行。

选择疑问句的用法：
选择疑问句是说话者提出两种或两种以上的不同情况，让对方选择回答的疑问句。

其结构是“疑问句+选择部分”。

选择部分由or连接，or前面的部分读升调，or后面的部分读降调。

选择疑问句不能用yes或no回答，而必须具体的选择答复。

Is your bag yellow or black? It’s black.。

Would you like some tea or coffee? Either will do.。

Which do you like better, singing or dancing? I like dancing better.
12．So pandas have less and less land to live on. 因此大熊猫生存空间越来越小。

less and less越来越小，“比较级+比较级”表示“越来越……”
①He eats too much every day, He is getting fatter and fatter now. 他每天吃的太多，他现在变得越来越胖了。

②His handwriting is getting more and more beautiful. 他的书法变得越来越漂亮了。

13．Another 120 are in Chinese breading centers. 另有120只在中国的养殖场。

another与other及类似单词的用法
【解析】other表示“别的”，“另外的”，只能与复数名词连用。

但other前有冠词the即可与单数名词连用。

如：
①I have two pens. One is blue. The other (pen) is black. 我有两支钢笔。

一支是蓝色的，另一支是黑色的。

②John did better than all the other players in the sport. 在那项运动中John比所有别的运动员都出色。

【解析】the other加复数名词指的是一定X围内“所有其余的人或事物”，是特指；而other加复数名词却是没有明确X围的“另外的人或事物”。

如：
We must think more of other rades. 我们必须多想想别的同志。

③This shirt is too large for me. Please show me another.
这件衬衫我穿太大。

请另外拿一件我看看。

（一般商店不会只有两件衬衫）
【解析】another, the other作代词的用法。

The other表示“两个数量中的另一个”，表示特指，总数为俩；another表示“总数为三个以上中任意的另一个”，表示泛指。

如：
His parents both work in a hospital. One is a doctor and the other is a nurse.
他父母都在一家医院工作。

一个是医生，一个是护士。

（父母为两个人）
Some people like football, others like volleyball. 有些人喜欢足球，有些人喜欢排球。

四、翻译
主课文翻译：
恐龙之死
恐龙现在已经绝迹了。

科学家一直想搞清楚它们绝迹的原因。

调查恐龙的死因很难，但是科学家们仍然在努力。

据说在东墨西哥的Yucatan半岛有个大洞，曾被认为是6，500万年前从太空中陨落的巨大石块造成的。

在那时候，生活在陆地上的恐龙就绝迹了。

因此，人们认为那个巨大的物体可能是导致恐龙死亡的原因。

尽管那个巨大的物体被证明和恐龙及其他一些动物的死亡密切相关，科学家们对该物体究竟怎样导致古代动物的灭亡仍有不同意见。

20年前，科学家们发现这个巨大的物体与地面碰撞后会产生一大块尘雾团。

他们由此得出结论，这个尘雾团阻碍了太阳光照射地面。

因此，天气变得非常得冷。

寒冷的天气和缺少阳光使得很多植物死亡，而这些植物正是恐龙和其他动物赖以生存的食物。

因为没有食物，这些动物很快就死亡了。

大约10年前，美国和墨西哥的科学家发现这个巨大的物体在墨西哥砸了一个大洞。

一些科学家认为这个物体还没有大到能产生一大片致死的尘雾团，但是它撞击时力量很大，因而散发出有毒的化学物质。

恐龙和其他的动物就是被这些有毒的化学物质毒死的。

这两种观点哪一种更有道理呢，是第一种还是第二种？可能两个都有吧。

为了验证他们的发现，科学家们正准备研究巨石撞击后保留下的岩石。

他们希望未来我们能够对损害环境的化学反应有更多的了解。

副课文译文：
国内外的大熊猫宝宝们
大熊猫生活在中国西南的竹林和山区。

竹林区由于各种原因变得越来越小，因此大熊猫的生存之地也越来越小。

中国中部的山林中只生活着1，600只大熊猫。

另有120只在中国的养殖场，约有20只在国外的动物园里。

大熊猫产子不多，而且熊猫幼仔经常遭到夭折的厄运。

这种情形越来越严重了。

中国政府正在努力挽救大熊猫宝宝们，采用了多种措施。

现已建立了约30多处大熊猫自然保护区。

今天大约有1，000只大熊猫就生活在这些保护区中。

动物园和研究中心饲养了约有160只。

科学家们正在研究大熊猫如何生活，越来越多的熊猫宝宝也在动物园里诞生了。

生在动物园里的大熊猫可以回到自然保护区生活。

大熊猫在美国也受到了款待。

早在1987年，中国就借给San Diego动物园两只大熊猫以待研究，借期为12年。

两百多万人在此期间看到了它们。

在1999的，第一个熊猫宝宝在那里诞生了。

现在San Diego野生动物园中生活着美国大多数的大熊猫。

来自中国的熊猫宝宝梅香和甜甜正在华盛顿市的Smithsonian国家动物园里，它们被借到这里参加一项为期10年的研究。

2005年，雌性大熊猫梅香生了一个熊猫宝宝叫泰山。

美国人听到这个消息都很激动。

据说熊猫宝宝很聪明，也很健康。

一般情况下，人们经常会看到熊猫宝宝吃竹子、睡觉。

但是他们也很顽皮，因此人们也能看到他们互相追逐、嬉戏玩耍。

大多数人都很喜爱大熊猫。

大熊猫是濒临灭绝的动物之一。

在全世界人民的努力之下，大熊猫宝宝无论在国内还是国外都会生活得快快乐乐。

五、练习
Ⅰ、完形填空
It was a Monday morning. As a teacher walked onto the 1 , he heard a low voice.“Here is the teacher. I am 2 this boring fellow（烦人的家伙）is going to talk about putting in mas（逗号）.”It was 3 voice, his name was Bill. He was talking 4 the boy next to him. The teacher didn’t get angry. He
said 5 about it but he really began to talk about putting in mas and then wrote 6 the sentence：“Bill says the teacher is a boring fellow.”
The class 7 and Bill’s face 8 red.
“Now,”said the teacher,“I’ll 9 you how important mas are.”
He put two mas in the sentence, and now read,“10 is a bor ing fellow.”
1．A. library B. school C. classroom D. office
2．A. sorry B. sure C. glad D. surprised
3．A. his B. the teacher’s C. a boy’s D. a girl’s
4．A. with B. of C. about D. at
5．A. much B. everything C. something D. nothing
6．A. on his desk B. on the blackboard C. in his desk D. in Bill’s exercise-book
7．A. laughed B. stopped C. looked D. read
8．A. began B. changed C. turned D. grew
9．A. answer B. show C. ask D. give
10．A. The teacher says, Bill B. Bill, say, the teacher
C. The teacher, says, Bill
D. Bill, says the teacher
Ⅱ、阅读理解
A
Language changed with time and the world, and so does English. In English many new words are borrowed from other languages. About 900 years ago there were great changes in England. A great many words were borrowed into English from French. About 500 years ago there was another great change. This time it was a change in pronunciation, but the spelling was not much changed, English words are spelled
quite the same as they were in those days. The spelling showed how words were spoken at that time. It does not tell us much about the pronunciation of words today. For example, the letters“gh”in the
word“night”shows us nothing about how it is spoken now. That’s why students of English find English spelling so confusing（混淆）.
1．Through the history of English, we know English ______.
A. didn’t have any change
B. changed more slowly
C. had a change in spelling
D. changed twice greatly in the history
2．What happened about 900 years ago?
A. Englishmen began to speak French.
B. France borrowed a lot of words from England.
C. Many French words were borrowed into English.
D. The world began to change.
3．How did the language change about 500 years ago?
A. There was a great change in pronunciation.
B. Spelling was Greatly changed.
C. The Englishmen stopped to borrow French.
D. Both England and France began to speak English.
4．Which is true about the letters“gh”in the word“night”?
A. It is pronounced[f]
B. It came from French.
C. It doesn’t show us anything about how it is spoken now.
D. It’s a wrong spelling.
5．Which is the best title（标题）for this passage?
A. Changes in Spelling
B. Changes in Pronunciation
C. Changes in Language
D. English and French
B
School children are asked by their parents and teachers to study harder and harder. And petition among students themselves is growing in most schools in China. In my opinion, petition in school does more harm than good to students.
While visiting a German city, I was invited to attend a parent-teacher meeting at a school. Parents were told at the meeting that their children’s school grades were kept as personal information and were protected by the law, and that the school wou ld not give away the students’ marks, nor would it report them to the parents. It is their view that a successful school should encourage children to learn happily without pressure.
A student’s intelligence (智力) and ability will be judged later by the petition in society.
In China, grading students according to their examination marks has been used to encourage students to study harder.
A friend of mine told me about a parent-teacher meeting she attended with her daughter who was in Grade
2. At the meeting, a teacher read all the students’ marks in different subjects. Good students came first and bad ones came last. And in front of everybody at the meeting, the teacher gave warning to those poor students and their parents.
From this parison, I conclude that teachers and school leaders in China ought to learn a little more about children’s psychology (心理学) and show their students more respect. Such petition among students for higher grades is unhealthy and should not be encouraged.
根据短文内容回答下列问题
1．What does the writer think of the petition in schools in China?
________________________________________________________
2．Why doesn’t the German school report students’ marks to their parents?
________________________________________________________
3．Does the writer agree of disagree with the opinion that a student’s intelligence and ability would be judged by petition in society?
________________________________________________________
4．What do you think of the way the teacher behaved at the Grade 2 parent-teacher meeting?
________________________________________________________
5．What is the writer’s advice to the teachers and school leaders in China?
________________________________________________________
参考答案：
Ⅰ、
1—5 CBCAD
6—10 BACBD
Ⅱ、
A）1—5 DCACC
B）1．He thinks that the petition in schools in China does more harm than good to students.
2．Because they believe that a successful school should encourage children to learn happily without pressure.
3．Yes, he does.
4．I don’t think he / she was right.
5．He suggests teachers and school leaders in China learn a little more about children’s psychology and show their students more respect.
China learn a little more about chi ldren’s psychology and show their students more respect.。