高三专项复习情态动词特殊用法大集合

情态动词特别用法大集合
情态动词除了基本的用法以外还有很多特别之处，列举如下：
1．can和could
⑴Can 和could 可以表示某人或某物一时的特点，表示“客观有可能”可以翻译为“有可能，有时会”。

It can be very warm in this area 。

这个地区有时可能特别温煦.
He can be very friendly at times 。

他有时会特别友好。

⑵can表示实力时，可以与be able to 换用。

但是在将来时和完成时中必需用be able to ；表示经过努力而胜利地办到了某个详细的事情时，只能用be able to ，不行以用can。

这种用法的be able to 相当于succeed in 或manage to。

I am sure we shall be able to get you a job soon 。

（不能用can）
He has been able to finish the work on time。

（不行用can）
After years of hard work he was able to win the prize 。

（不行以用could）
He could't climb the mountain 。

（没有实力爬，因而也没有爬）
He was not able to climb the mountain 。

（尝试爬过，但是没能爬上去）
另外：
①对Were you able to find the pen？做否定回答应当用：No, I couldn't（find it ）.不能说：No, I wasn't able
to find it.
②could 可以用来表示过去习惯性动作的完成，而was able to 却没有这种用法。

I could run after a bus and catch it twenty years ago ，I can't do that now 。

二十年前，我能在后面跑着追上公共汽车，现在不行了。

③cannot ／can't 与too／over（‐)／enough ／perfectly ／sufficiently 等词连用，意思是
“越…越…”“无论怎样……也不为过”、“决不会……够(过)”。

You can't praise him too much 。

你无论怎样赞扬他都不过分。

You cannot be over careful 。

你越细心越好。

I can't thank you enough 。

我对你感谢不尽。

This point cannot be overemphasized 。

这一点无论如何强调都不过分。

④“cannot wait 不定式”意思是“be eager to ……急于做”，表示强调的确定意思。

I cannot wait to read the book 。

我特别渴望读这本书。

He couldn’t wait to see her 。

他渴望见到她。

练习题：
①Please remind your grandpa to take medicine on time，for a man of his
age_______ be very forgetful 。

A．should B. must C. shall D. can
②You cannot be_______ careful when you drive a car .
A.very
B.so
C.too
D.enough
③The car broke down on the way ,but we_____get out of the desert at last.
A.might
B.would
C.were able to
D.could
2．must有一种含义：“偏要”“硬要”。

表示说话人对句子主语所发出的动作或行为是不希望的、不满的甚至是生气的。

通常指令人不开心的事情。

must用于其次人称时，常常含有讽刺挖苦的意思：
Why must you be so stubborn （固执）？
He must come and worry her with questions ，just when she was busy cooking the dinner 。

If you must smoke, at least you could use an ashtray（烟灰缸）.
As I was sitting down to lunch ，the electric bell must ring 。

Why must you be so late ？你为何非要这么晚来呢？
练习题：
①Why _______you always interrupt me ？
A. can
B. will
C. may
D. must
②Naturally ，after I told her what to do ，my daughter _______go and do the opposite ！
A .may B.can C. must D. should
留意：(1)must 可以表示客观必定性，意思为“必定（会），总是会”，而have to 则不行以这样用。

All men must die 。

人固有一死。

Competition must happen 。

竞争总会发生。

Truth must be out 。

真相总会大白。

There must be a day for revenge 。

总有报仇的那一天。

(2)对must 所在句子变反意疑问句时，应留意以下习惯搭配：
①must 作“必需”解时，反意疑问句中重复must 。

All the children must respect their parents ，mustn’t they ？
孩子必需敬重父母，对吗？
②“must be ”表示推想时，反意疑问句用be 的适当形式。

You must be thirsty ，aren’t you ？你确定渴了，是吗？
③“must have done ”表示推想时，附加疑问句一般用have 或 has ，但是有明确表示过去
的时间状语时，反意疑问句用过去时态。

He must have finished the work ，hasn’t he ？
He must have gone abroad last week ，didn’t he ？
You must have been told about it that day ，weren’t you ？
ed to 的意思是“过去常常”，已经含有 always, often, sometimes, from time to time等意思，但是它却可以和它们连用。

He always used to come by bus. 他过去总是坐公共汽车来。

He often used to work late at night.他过去常常工作到深夜。

She always used to get up at four o'clock in the morning.她过去总是早晨4点起床。

但是used to 不行以与表示详细次数或一段时间(即特定的时间段)的词语连用。

He went to abroad three times.
He lived in the countryside for three years.
但是可以和过去确定的时间壮语连用。

He used to live here in 1995。

He used to be devoted to her when she was a little girl.
另：would 和used to 的区分如下：
两者都可以表示过去的习惯性动作。

但是would 只强调过去特定状况下的习惯性动作(由动态动词表示)，单纯的过去和现在无关；而used to 即可以强调过去的习惯性动作(由动态动词表示)，也可以强调过去的事实或状态(由静态东此表示)，且与现在形成对比，即可表示持续的状态，也可表示过去重复的行为。

I used to have an old car 。

过去我有一辆旧轿车。

I didn't use to like opera ，but now I'm getting interested 。

我过去不喜爱歌剧，但现在渐渐有了爱好。

上面两句话的动词均是静态动词，说明过去的事实或状态，不能用would 代替used to 。

但是would可以和sometimes/now and then/from time to time 等词组（表示过去有时或间或的时间状语）连用。

She would sit there for hours sometimes, doing nothing at all .
他有时一连坐好几个小时，什么事情也不干。

练习题：
When he was there ,he_______go to that coffee shop at the corner after work every day .
A.would
B.should
C.had better
D.might
4.shall可以用在其次、三人称，要重读，不行以缩写，表示说话人的意图、意志、承诺、吩咐、命运或必定结果等；在法律、条约、协定等文件中可以表示义务、规定等。

You shall have a lot of money .(意图/承诺)你会有很多钱的。

Each citizen shall carry his identification card when traveling.(规定)
旅游时每个市民务必带上身份证。

You shall arrive there before sunset .(吩咐)你们要在日落前到达那儿。

If you don't behave yourself, you shall be punished .(威逼)
假如你行为不轨的话，你会受到惩处的。

He shall get what he deserves .(警告)他会得到他应当得到的。

Death is certain to all; all shall die .(命运)死必临万物；万物皆必死。

Better days shall soon follow .(预言)好日子不久会来到。

The time shall come when they shall be avenged .(意志)为他们伸冤的时候会来的。

Who touches pitch shall be defiled .(必定结果)玩火者必自焚。

POWs shall not be ill-treated .(法律用语)战俘不得受虐待。

练习题：
It has been announced that candidates _______remain in their seats until all the papers have been
collected.
A.can
B.will
C.may
D.shall
②Haven`t I told you already that you _______have my answer tomorrow morning ?
A. will
B.shall
C.should
D.would
③Nobody _______throw away rubbish everywhere !
A.can
B.need
C.shall
D.must
5.will
⑴表示意愿或固执坚持。

用于非人主语时，表示固有性质，倾向。

She won't lend me the money .她不愿把钱借给我。

He is the man who will go his own way.他是一个自行其事的人。

The window won't open .窗子打不开。

The door won't shut .门关不上了。

⑵在含有if从句的主从复合句中，假如if引导的条件状语从句表示的是一般将来时或过去将来时，
不能用will或would ,而要用一般现在时或一般过去时来代替。

If you don't come here , I will go to find you .
(1)下面句子中的will表示“难免”。

Accidents will happen.事故难免会发生。

Boys will be boys .男孩子总是男孩子。

(2)will可以用来表示某些依据自然规律必定会发生的事情，并且此时可以用一般现在时来代替它。

Oil will float on water .油能在水上漂流。

Stainless steel will not rust .不锈钢是不会生锈的。

Matches will not strike if they are damp.火柴假如潮湿，就划不着。

6.need
⑴作为情态动词时主要用在否定句和疑问句中，但是也可以用在用条件的确定句中，这个条件是：肯
定句中必需含有某些含某种否定含义的词语，例如only ,but ,all,before等或者说句子中暗含某种否定含义。

One need only consider the facts .否定含义是：只需考虑这些事实，不必去做别的事。

He need do it but once .否定含义是：他不必做两次以上。

All he need do is state his opinion clearly.
⑵didn't need to 和needn't have done 的区分：
前者表示没有必要做事实上也没有做某事，后者表示做了不该做的事情。

They didn't need to come here.他们不必来这儿（实际也没来）。

They needn't have come here.他们原来不必来这儿（但是实际来了）
7.may / might well＋动词原形或may/ might as well＋动词原形
May /might well＋动词原形意思为“理应，有足够的理由”；may / might as well ＋动词原形
意思为“还不如，不妨，还是…的好”，表示某人应当做某事，因为没有更好的事、没有更好玩的
事或没有更有用处的事可以做。

May as well 可能比might as well 更加确定一点。

He may well be proud of his son .他大可以他的儿子为荣。

It is very late ,so you may / might as well go to bed .夜深了，不妨去睡吧。

We may / might as well have something to eat .我们还不如吃点东西。

8.should
⑴可以表示估计或推想上的´应当`，还可以翻译成可能，该，估计，按理应当等等。

The report is written after careful investigation , so it should be reliable .
这份报告是经过周密调查写成的，所以该是牢靠的。

They should be there by now ,I think .我想他们现在该到那儿了。

⑵表示惊异，不以为然等心情，用于某些句型中，多译为´竟然`；
I think it is dreadful that anyone should be so miserable .我想特别糟糕，每个人都竟然如此哀痛。

You can’t imagine that such a good student like him should fail in the exam .
你无法想象像他这样如此好的学生竟然在考试中失败了。

Why should I fear ? 我会胆怯？（=I don’t fear at all .）
What should I see but misery ?所见皆是一片凄惨。

(=I could see nothing but misery .)
Should you be so silly ? 你会这么傻吗？（=You are not so silly .）
I was thinking of going to see John when who should appear but John himself .
我还想着去看约翰，想不到约翰来啦。

全国各地高考情态动词试题汇编
（）55.My English-Chinese dictionary has disappeared .Who_______ have taken it ?
A. should
B. must
C. could
D. would
（）56. Children under 12 years of age in that country ________ be under adult supervision when in a public library. （2004年上海）
A. must
B. may
C. can
D. need
（）57. ---Isn’t that Ann’s husband over there?
---No, it______ be him —I’m sure he doesn’t wear glasses.
A．can’t B must not C won’t D may not
（）58.You_______ be tired —you’v e only been working for an hour。

A. must not
B. won’t
C. can’t
D. may not
（）59.I often see lights in that empty house .Do you think I_______ report it to the police ?
A. should
B. may
C. will
D. can
（）60.Mr White ________ at 8:30 for the meeting , but he didn’t show up.
A. should have arrived
B. should arrive
C. should have had arrived
D. should be arriving
（）61. —Who is the girl standing over there?
—Well, if you________ know ,her name is Mabel.
A. may
B. can
C. must
D. shall
（）62. —Mum, I’ve been studying English since 8 o’clock . _____I go out and play with Tom for a whi le？
—No，I’m afraid not. Besides, it’s raining outside now.
A. Can’t
B. Wouldn’t
C. May not
D. Won’t
（）63. —I don’t mind telling you what I know.
—You _____ I’m not asking you for it.
A. mustn’t
B. may not
C. can’t
D. needn’t
（）64. I______ pay Tracy a visit ,but I’m not sure whether I will have time this Sunday.
A. should
B. might
C. would
D. could
（）65.—I’ll tell Mary about her new job tomorrow.
—You_______ her last week .
A. ought to tell
B. would have told
C. must tell
D. should have told
（）66.—Excuse me ,but I want to use your computer to type a report .
—You______ have my computer if you don’t take care of it.
A. shan’t
B. might not
C. needn’t
D. shouldn’t
（）67.“The interest________ be divided into five parts , according to the agreement made by both sides,”declared the judge.
A. may
B. should
C. must
D. shall
（）68.You might just as well tell the manufacturer that male customers ________ not like the design of the furniture. A. must B. shall C. may D. need
（）69．—Excuse me . Is this the right way to the Summer Palace ?
—Sorry , I am not sure . But it ________ be .
A．might B．will C．must D．can
（）70.I have lost one of my gloves. I________ it somewhere.
A. must drop
B. must have dropped
C. must be dropping
D. must have beet dropped
（）71.According to the local regulations, anyone w ho intends to get a driver’s licence _______ take an eye test.
A. can
B. must
C. would
D. may
（）72.Tom, you _____ leave all your clothes on the floor like this !
A．wouldn’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. may not
（）73. John, look at the time. _____ you play the piano at such a late hour ?
A. Must
B. Can
C. May
D. Need
（）74.He _____ have completed his work; otherwise, he wouldn’t be enjoying himself by the seaside.
A. should
B. must
C. wouldn’t
D. can’t
（）75.There ____ be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practiced a lot in the driving school.
A. mustn’t
B. shan’t
C. shouldn’t
D. needn’t
（）76.I ____ have been more than six years old when the accident happened.
A. shouldn’t
B. couldn’t
C. mustn’t
D. needn’t
（）77.This cake is very sweet. You _______ a lot of sugar in it.
A．should put B．could have put C．might put D．must have put
（）78. ---- The woman biologist stayed in Africa studying wild animals for 13 years before she returned.
---- Oh, dear! She _______ a lot of difficulties!
A. may go through
B. might go through
C. ought to have gone through
D. must have gone through
（）79.The World Wide Web is sometimes jokingly called the World Wide Wait because it ______be very slow.
A. should
B. must
C. will
D. can
（）80．—Catherine, I have cleaned the room for you.
—Thanks. You _______it. I could manage it myself.
A．needn’t do B．needn’t have done C．mustn’t do D．shouldn’t have done
（）81．—Do you know where David is? I couldn’t find him anywhere.
—Well . He ________have gone far—his c oat’s still here.
A．shouldn’t B．mustn’t C．can’t D．wouldn’t
（）82．If I _______ plan to do anything I wanted to , I’d like to go to Tibet and travel
through as much of it as possible.
A．would B．could C．had to D．ought to
（）83. ----Lucy doesn’t mind lending you her dictionary.
----She ____. I’ve already borrowed one.
A. can’t
B. mustn’t
C. needn’t
D. shouldn’t
（）84. ---I’ve taken someone else’s green sweater by mistake.
---It______ Harry’s. He al ways wears green.
A. has to be
B. will be
C. mustn’t
D. could be
（）85. I was on the highway when this car went past followed by a police car. They ______ at least 150 km an hour.
A. should have been doing
B. must have been doing
C. could have done
D. would have done
（）86. He paid for a seat, when he ______ have entered free.
A. could
B. would
C. must
D. need
（）87.---Tom is never late for work. Why is he absent today?
---Something ______to him.
A．must happen B. should have happened C. could have happened D. must have happened
（）88. Helen ______ go on the trip with us, but she isn’t quite sure yet.
A. shall
B. must
C. may
D. can
（）89.---- Don't you think it necessary that he _______ to Miami but to New York?
---- I agree, but the problem is ________ he has refused to.
A. will not be sent; that
B. not be sent; that
C. should not be sent; what
D. should not send; what
（）90.---Tom graduated from college at a very young age.
---Oh, he______ have been a very smart boy then.
A could
B should
C might
D must
( ) 91 . --- What’s the name?
--- Khulaifi. _______ I spell that for you?
A. Shall
B. Would
C. Can
D. Might
( ) 92. There's no light on - they______ be at home.
A. can't
B. mustn't
C. needn't
D. shouldn't
( ) 93. As you worked late yesterday, you _________have come this morning.
A. mayn’t
B. can’t
C. mustn’t
D. needn’t
( ) 94. We hope that as many people as-possible _______ join us for the picnic tomorrow.
A. need
B. must
C. should
D. can
( 95. If it were not for the fact that she _______ sing, I would invite her to the party.
A. couldn’t
B. shouldn’t
C. can’t
D. might not
( ) 96. --- Must he come to sign this paper himself?
--- Yes, he .
A. need
B. must
C. may
D. will
( ) 97.Some aspects of a pilot’s job ______be boring, and pilots often _____work at inconvenient hours.
A. can; have to
B. may; can
C. have to; may
D. ought to; must
( ) 98. --- I think I’ll give Bob a ring.
--- You _______. You haven’t been in touch with him for ages.
A. will
B. may
C. have to
D. should
( ) 99．The weather turned out to be fine yesterday．I——the trouble to carry my umbrella with me．A．should have taken B．could have taken C．needn't have taken D，mustn't have taken ( ) 100. –--May I smoke here ?
--- If you ____, choose a seat in the smoking section.
A. should
B. could
C. may
D. must
( ) 101.---Is Jack on duty today?
---It ______ be him. It’s his turn tomorrow.
A. mustn’t
B. won’t
C. can’t
D. needn’t
( ) 102. --- Could I have a word with you, mum?
--- Oh dear, if you ________.
A. can
B. must
C. may
D. should
( ) 103. You know he is not going to let us leave early if we ___ get the work done.
A. can't
B. may not
C. shouldn't
D. mustn't
( ) 104. --–May I smoke here ?
--- If you ____, choose a seat in the smoking section.
A. should
B. could
C. may
D. must
( ) 105. We have proved great adventurers, but we have done the greatest march ever made in the past ten years.
A. needn’t
B. may not
C. shouldn’t
D. mustn’t
( ) 106. ---How’s your tour around the North Lake? Is it beautiful?
---It ________ be, but it is now heavily polluted.
A. will
B. would
C. should
D. must
( ) 107. --- She looks very happy. She ______ have passed the exam.
--- I guess so. It’s not difficult after all.
A. should
B. could
C. must
D. might
( ) 108.—Where is my dictionary? I remember I put it here yesterday.
—You it in the wrong place.
A. must put
B. should have put
C. might put
D. might have put
( ) 109.As a result of the serious flood, two-thirds of the buildings in the area
.
A. need repairing
B. needs to repair
C. needs repairing
D. need to repair
( ) 110.I told your friend how to get to the hotel, but perhaps I have driven her there .
A. could
B. must
C. might
D. should
( ) 111．一What does the sign over there read?
一“No person ________ smoke or carry a lighted cigarette，cigar or pipe in this area．”
A．will B．may C．shall D. must
( ) 112. In crowded places like airports and railway stations, you___ take care of your luggage.
A. can
B. may
C. must
D. will
( ) 113. The teacher __ have thought Johnson was worth it or she wouldn't have wasted time on him, I suppose.
A. should
B. can
C. would
D. must
( ) 114.My MP4 player isn’t in my bag. Where I have put it?
A. can
B. must
C. should
D. would
( ) 115. The biggest problem for most plants, which ________ just get up and run away when threatened, is that animals like to eat them.
A. shan’t
B. can’t
C. needn’t
D. mustn’t
( ) 116. --- Guess what! I have got A for my term paper.
--- Great! You ______ read widely and put a lot of work into it.
A. must
B. should
C. must have
D. should have
( ) 117. --- My cat’s really fat.
--- You ______ have given her so much food.
A. wouldn’t
B. couldn’t
C. shouldn’t
D. mustn’t
( ) 118. —What do you think we can do for our aged parents?
—You ________ do anything except to be with them and be yourself.
A. don’t have to
B. oughtn’t to
C. mustn’t
D. can’t
Answers
1-5 BCDAC 6-10 BBCBB 11-15 DBCBC
16-20 DBAAB 21-25 BCCAB 26-30 CBACD
31-35 ABDAC 36-40 BABDD 41-44 AABCC
46-50 ABCDC 51-55 DBBAC 56-60 AACAA
61-65 CADAD 66-70 ADCAB 71-75 BBABC
76-80 BDDDB 81-85 CBCDB 86-90 ADCBD
91-95 AADDC 96-100 BADCD 101-105 CBADB
106-110 ACDAD 111-115 CCDAB 116-120 CCAAB
121-125 BBDBC 126-127 BD。