2015-2016高中英语外研版必修3全套资料42份4.2《Grammar》

4.2课时作业
Ⅰ .用所给动词 (短语 ) 的适合形式填空
1． We decided ____________ (talk)to some students about why they go there.
答案： to talk
2． It made us very angry____________ (hear) him talk like that.
答案： to hear
3． They found it impossible ____________ (get) everything ready in time.
答案： to get
4． Please remember ____________(turn off) the light when you leave.
答案： to turn off
5． The books are not allowed ____________ (take out) of the room.
答案： to be taken out
6． He is looking for a room ____________ (live in)．
答案： to live in
7． He bought a bicycle ____________ (go) to town more quickly.
答案： to go
8． They thought it a pity ____________ (not invite) her.
答案： not to have invited
9． Did you notice him ____________ (leave) the room ？
答案： leave
10． He can't help but ____________ (clean) the glass by himself.
答案： clean
11． It's non- smoking area， so we told the guests ____________ (not smoke) here.
答案： not to smoke
12． The Arctic is considered ____________ (be) the northern part of the Atlantic.
答案： to be
13． I would rather starve to death than ____________ (beg) for food.
答案： beg
14． A group of young people got together ____________ (discuss) this question.
答案： to discuss
15． Why not____________ (try go) there by boat for a change?
答案： try going
Ⅱ .单句改错
1． David threatened to have reported his neighbor to the police if the damages were not paid.
________________________________________________________________________答案： have reported→report
2． I regret telling you that your application hasn't been successful.
________________________________________________________________________
答案： telling → to tell
3． The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, not making it more difficult.
________________________________________________________________________
答案： making → to make
4． He couldn't go to England for further education. He regretted to miss such a good chance.
________________________________________________________________________答案： to miss→ missing
5． She was asked not make so much noise because her little brother was sleeping.
________________________________________________________________________答案： not 后加 to
6． Traveling can broaden our view and it can make us feeling relaxed after a long period
of studying.
________________________________________________________________________
答案： feeling → feel
7． At last ， he found a house to leave his things.
________________________________________________________________________
答案： things 后加 in
8． He is said to be studying in the United States for three years.
________________________________________________________________________
答案： be studying→ have studied
9． After the meeting, we went to the supermarket to do some shopping, only finding that
it was being decorated.
________________________________________________________________________
答案： finding → to find
10． The work needs being pleted by the end of the week.
________________________________________________________________________
答案： being pleted→ to be pleted 或 pleting
11． It is an honour of me to be chosen to give a speech on behalf of the whole class.
________________________________________________________________________
答案：第一个 of→ for
12． Teenagers should be allowed choosing their own clothes and hairstyle.
________________________________________________________________________
答案： choosing→ to choose
13． We are invited to attend the party held in our club next Thursday.
________________________________________________________________________
答案： held 前加 to be
14． To have pleted the project in time, the staff were working at weekends.
________________________________________________________________________
答案： have pleted→plete
15． Do let your mother know all the truth; she appears to be told everything.
________________________________________________________________________
答案： be told →have been told
Ⅲ .完形填空
For years scientists have been worried about the effects of air pollution on the earth's natural conditions. Some believe the__1__inside many houses may be more dangerous than the air outside. It may be one hundred times__2__.
Indoor air pollution can__3__ a person to feel tired, to suffer eye-pain, headache and other__4__. Some pollutants can cause breathing disorders, diseases of blood and__5__ cancer. Most scientists agree that every modern house has some kind of__6__pollution.
People pay more__7__ to the problem now. It is that when builders began making __8__and offices they did not want to waste energy. To do this they built buildings that limited
the flow of air between inside and outside. They also began__9__man-made building materials. These__10__are now known to let outharmful gases.__11__the problem became more serious, scientists began searching for a__12__to deal with it.They discovered a natural pollution control system__13__building —green plants. Scientists don't really know how__14__control air pollution.They believe that a plant's leaves absorb or
__15__the pollutants.In__16__the plant lets out oxygen through its leaves and tiny organizations on its roots. Scientists__17__that all buildings should have one large plant or several small plants inside for every nine square metres of space.__18__of different plants show that each absorbs different chemicals. So the most effective way to__19__the air is to use different kinds of plants. Having green plants inside your house can make it a prettier and more__20__place.
1． A. air B. light
C. health
D. atmosphere
2． A. lighter B. worse
C. thicker
D. heavier
3． A. permit B. desire
C. cause
D. persuade
4． A. pollution B. gases
C. difficulties
D. problems
5． A. at least B. hardly
C. only
D. even
6． A. actual B. loose
C. indoor
D. downtown
7． A. fear B. attention
C. remark
D. store
8． A. houses B. preparations
C. furniture
D. efforts
9． A. using B. resisting
C. valuing
D. judging
10． A. materials B. tables
C. industries
D. drinks
11． A. If B. Although
C. As
D. Unless
12． A. chance B. instruction
C. scientist
D. way
13． A. from B. for
C. with
D. like
14． A. water B. plants
C. products
D. measures
15． A. take in B. put off
C. let out
D. give out
16． A. time B. exchange
C. order
D. particular
17． A. suggest B. require
C. beg
D. order
18． A. Colors B. Studies
C. Roots
D. Containers
19． A. share B. reduce
C. clean
D. increase
20． A. boring B. advanced
C. crowded
D. healthy
答案与分析：
1． A由下文的 the air outside 可知答案。

2． B上句说室内空气比室外空气差，本句说的是室内空气比室外空气差的倍数。

3． C句意：室内空气污染能令人感觉疲倦、眼睛痛苦、头痛以及惹起其余问题。

4． D疲惫、眼睛痛苦、头痛都是室内污染所带来的问题，所以本空选择problems。

5．D“致使癌症”与“致使呼吸杂乱、血液病”在程度上有递进的关系，故用even。

6． C第二段讲的是室内污染带来的一些问题，以及所致使的一些疾病，所以此处指
多半科学家断言每一个现代居室都存在着室内污染。

7． B本句话表示“此刻人们更关注这个问题” 。

pay attention to “注意，重视”，固定搭配。

8． A由下一句“To do this they built buildings that limited the flow of air between inside and outside.”可知，所填词与建筑相关，所以选houses。

9． A上文提到，他们在建筑房子与办公室时不想浪费能源，所以此处指他们也开始
使用人造建筑资料，所以填using。

10．A由上句的 man-made building materials 可知，这里表示这些“资料”开释有害气体。

11．C下半句 scientists began searching for a __12__ to deal with it 是上半句的结果，上
半句句意：因为这个问题愈来愈严重。

12． D解决污染问题，只好是找寻一种方法，故用way。

13． B句意：他们发现了一种合用于建筑的天然资料。

for 在此表示“合用于” 。

14． B由下一句“They believe that a plant's leaves absorb or __15__ the pollutants. ”可知，
此处选 plants。

15． A由空前的 or 可知，该空应与 absorb 是同义词，故用take in。

16． B句意：在互换中，植物经过叶子或根的小组织来开释出氧气。

所以应为
exchange“互换”，“互换”指的是植物汲取污染物，而后开释氧气。

17． A基于把植物放在房间里的利处，所以科学家们提出了一种“建议”。

18．B each absorbs different chemicals 是科学家得出的结论，所以被以为是“ 研究” 得
出的。

19． C绿色植物对控制室内污染有很好的作用，故推测此空填clean。

clean the air 意
为“ 净化空气” 。

20．D 因为绿色植物可以净化室内空气，所以在房间里搁置绿色植物可以使房子更美
丽并更有利健康。

Ⅳ .语法填空
When someone has deeply hurt you, it can be extremely difficult to let go of your anger. But forgiveness is possible — and it can be surprisingly beneficial__1__ your physical and mental health. So far, research__2__(show) that people who forgive report more energy, better appetite and better sleep patterns. “ People who forgive show__3__(little)anger and more hopefulness，” says Dr. Frederic Luskin, who wrote the book Forgi ve for Good.“ So it can help reduce the tiredness out of the immune system and allow people to feel more energetic.
__4__when someone has hurt you, calm yourself first. Take a couple of__5__ (breathe)
and think of something__6__gives you pleasure ： a beautiful scene in nature, or someone
you love. Don't wait for an apology. “ Many times the person who hurt you may__7__ (ever) think of apologizing，” says Dr. Luskin.“ They may have wanted to hurt you or they just don't see things__8__same way. So if you wait for people to apologize, you could be waiting for a
very long time.”
Keep in mind that forgiveness does not necessarily mean__9__(accept) the action of
the person who upset you.Instead, learn to look for the love, beauty and kindness around you. Finally, try to see things__10__the other person's perspective (思想方式，见解 ). You may realize that he or she was acting out of ignorance. To gain perspective, you may want to write a
letter to yourself from that person's point of view.
答案与分析：
1．to 考察介词。

句意：并且它 (谅解他人 )会出乎意外地有利你的身心健康。

“be beneficial
to sb.”意为“对某人有利” 。

2． has shown考察动词时态。

句意：到当前为止，研究已经表示饶恕(他人 )的人精力
更旺盛、食欲更好、有更好的睡觉模式。

so far 一般与此刻达成时连用，意为“到当前为止” 。

3．less考察形容词的比较级。

句意：饶恕(他人 )的人更少愤怒并且更充满希望。

并列
连词 and 连结的两个并列成分的形式必定是一致的。

下文用的是比较级，所以此处应填 little
的比较级 less。

4．So考察并列连词。

句意：所以，当有人损害你的时候，你第一要使自己沉静下来。

并列连词 so 在文章中起一个承前启后的作用，意为“ 所以，所以”，其前后两个部分是因
果关系。

5． breaths 考察词性变换。

句意：深吸几口气，而后去想某件带给你快乐的事情。

根
据空前的“a couple of ”可知，此处填名词形式。

需注意单复数。

6．that考察关系代词。

句意：深吸几口气，而后去想那些带给你快乐的事情。

当先行
词是不定代词时，定语从句的关系代词用that。

7．never 考察副词。

句意：不要等着他人致歉。

好多时候损害你的那个人可能素来不
会想着致歉。

依据语境，此处填never。

8．the考察冠词。

句意：他们可能已经损害了你或许不过没实用相同的方式对待问题。

same 前用定冠词the 修饰。

9．accepting 考察动名词作宾语。

句意：记着——饶恕 (他人 )并不是必定意味着接受那个
搅扰了你的人的行为。

动词 mean 作“意味着”讲时，后应用名词或动名词作宾语，不可以用不
定式。

10． from考察介词。

句意：最后，尽量从对方的角度看事情。

from one's perspective 从某人的角度。