上海市高考英语语法专题复习：现在分词讲义

考点三：现在分词
一、现在分词的构成
现在分词是在动词原形后加ing构成,结构为“动词原形+ing”。

例如: read的现在分词是reading
write的现在分词是writing
speak的现在分词是speaking
listen的现在分词是listening
现在分词兼具动词和形容词的特征。

二、现在分词的用法
1. 作定语
结构:现在分词+ 名词
例句:
The girl wearing red is my sister.
The teacher speaking on the stage is my English teacher.
The man driving the car is my uncle.
2. 作表语
结构:主语+系动词+现在分词
例句:
The soup tastes amazing.
His speech sounds inspiring.
The newly built house looks modern.
3. 作状语
结构:现在分词,其余部分
例句:
Walking along the beach, I saw the sunrise.
Playing games on his phone, the boy didn't hear his teacher calling him. Carrying a heavy bag, she walked slowly up the stairs.
三、练习
1. 句子转换练习
- The students entered the room, (talk) loudly.
The students entered the room, talking loudly.
- She stood there, (shake) with fear.
She stood there, shaking with fear.
2. 句子补充练习
- The teacher punished the boy _________(make) noise in class.
The teacher punished the boy for making noise in class.
- _________(excite) about the trip, she couldn't sleep well last night. Excited about the trip, she couldn't sleep well last night.
- _________(finish) his homework, he went out to play football with friends. Having finished his homework, he went out to play football with friends.
练习一：选择合适的动名词
从括号内选择合适的动名词填空。

She enjoys __________ (swim) in the ocean.
I'm interested in __________ (play) musical instruments.
His favorite hobby is __________ (read) science fiction novels.
We had a great time __________ (hike) in the mountains.
The teacher encourages __________ (participate) in class discussions.
She is good at __________ (paint) landscapes.
He suggested __________ (go) for a walk after dinner.
They are considering __________ (take) a cooking class.
练习二：句子改写
将给定句子改写，使用动名词。

They can solve problems easily.
改为：They are good at __________ problems.
She started learning French two years ago.
改为：She began __________ French two years ago.
He apologized for arriving late.
改为：He said sorry for __________ late.
We often go for a run in the park.
改为：We often enjoy __________ in the park.
They discussed the plan at the meeting.
改为：They had a discussion about __________ at the meeting.
练习三：填空完成短文
根据上下文，在空格处填入适当的动名词。

My favorite activity is __________ (cycle). I started __________ (cycle) when I was a child, and
I've been passionate about it ever since. I enjoy the feeling of freedom that comes with
__________ (ride) a bike. I often go out for long rides on weekends, and I find it relaxing and refreshing. Recently, I joined a __________ (cycle) club, which gives me the chance to meet other people who share the same interest. I believe that __________ (cycle) is not only a great form of exercise but also a way to explore new places.
练习四：连词填空
根据意思，在空格处填入适当的动名词或短语。

She is excited about __________ (start) her new job.
They are considering __________ (go) on a road trip.
His dream is __________ (become) a professional musician.
I'm tired of __________ (wait) for the bus every morning.
They're thinking of __________ (take) a cooking class.。