七年级 上册U1MakingNewFriends句式精讲精练
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Unit 1 Making New Friends
句式精讲精练
1. Good morning!
“Good morning.〞意为“早上好,上午好。
〞,适用于比拟正式客气的场合,用于早晨或上午〔中午12点前〕向他人问候。
答语仍为“Good morning!〞在非常熟悉的人或家人问候时,可省略good,直接说morning即可。
问候时,称呼语通常放在后面,中间用逗号隔开。
例如:
—Good morning,Alice! Alice,早上好!
—Good morning, Cindy! Cindy,早上好!
常见的日常问候语还有:
“Good afternoon.〞,下午好。
用于下午12点到18点这一时间段。
例如:
- Good afternoon, Eric! Eric,下午好!
- Good afternoon, Frank! Frank,下午好!
“Good evening.〞,晚上好。
用于晚上18点到21点这一时间段。
例如:
- Good evening, Bob! Bob,晚上好!
- Good evening, Alice! Alice,晚上好!
2. Oh, nice to meet you, Jane.
这是一个用于初次见面的有礼貌的问候语,它的答复用“Nice to meet you, too.〞,表示“见到你也很快乐〞的意思。
经常用在两个人初次见面或者经别人介绍后认识时,表示一种礼节。
这个句子经常用在下面三种情景中:
—Hi, Jim! This is Li Lei. Jim! 这是李雷!
—Hello, Li Lei! Nice to meet you! 李雷,你好!见到你很快乐!
—Hello, Jim! Nice to meet you, too. Jim,你好!见到你我也很快乐!
3. How are you
“How are you〞意为“你(身体)好吗〞是熟人之间就健康状况而发出的问候,但并不是想深入
交谈某人的健康状况,只是一种礼貌的问候方式,其答语为“Fine./I’m fine. /I’m OK.
Thanks./Thank
you.〞等。
例如:
-Hi, Cindy! How are you 嗨,Cindy!你好吗?
-I’m OK. Thank you. 我很好。
谢谢。
4. What’s your name
“What’s…name〞是询问对方姓名的一个句型。
其中“what’s〞是“what is〞的缩写形式,中间可以加形容词性物主代词或者名词所有格,表示“……的名字〞。
例如:
What’s her name 她叫什么名字?
What’s his name 他叫什么名字?
What’s your sister’s name 你姐姐叫什么名字?
【注意】
该句型经常用于入学报名的时候老师问学生;求职的时候老板问员工等正式场合。
如果初次见面这样问是不礼貌的,如果是非问不可的情况下尽量使用委婉和客气的语气来询问。
例如:
What’s your na me, please 请问你的名字是?
或者直接用:Your name, please 请问你的名字是?
读的时候用升调,比直接用“What’s your name〞更客气。
【拓展】
初次见面时还可以互相说:“How do you do〞。
意为“你好。
〞答语也是:How do you do 例如:
—How do you do 你好!
—How do you do你好!
5. Where are you from
本句子的意思是“你来自哪里?〞,句中的be from=come from意为“来自于……〞。
因此,句式“Where + be + 主语+ from?〞= “Where does/ do + 主语 + come from 意为“……是哪里人?〞或“……来自哪里?〞例如:
He’s from Beijing. = He comes from Beijing. 他来自北京。
【注意】请防止出现以下错误句式:
Where are you come from或Where do you from
这两种句子结构均不正确。
6. How old are you
“how old〞的意思是“多大年龄、几岁〞,它引导的特殊疑问句“How old are you〞是用来询问某人的年龄,这个特殊疑问句的答复是:“主语+be+基数词〞。
例如:
-How old is your sister 你妹妹多大了?
-She is five.她五岁了。
在西方社会的现实生活中,人们一般不询问陌生人、长辈、上级、妇女的年龄,尤其是成年妇女最忌讳别人询问她的年龄。
因为在她们看来越年轻越好,年龄大了就不好,年龄是她们的隐私。
一般在公务情况询问别人的年龄,并且用下面的句子比拟委婉和礼貌。
例如:
May I know your age, please 我可以知道你的年龄吗?
Could you tell me your age please 你能告诉我你的年龄吗?
句式精练
I. 句型转换,每空一词。
1. My name is Kate.〔对划线局部提问〕
________ is_______ name
2. I’m Jenny. (改为同义句)
_______ ______ is Jenny.
3. James is fine.〔对划线局部提问〕
_______ ______ James
4. My phone number is 805-4239.〔对划线局部提问〕
_______ ______ your phone number
5. It’s an eraser. 〔对划线局部提问〕
_______ _______ this
6. I’m twelve years old. (对划线局部提问)
_______ _______ are you
7. Are they Chinese books (肯定答复)
_______, _______ _______.
8. Where is she from (同义句)
Where ______ she ______ _______
9. Daming’s sister is in Class One. 〔改为否认句〕
Daming’s sister ______ ______ in Class One.
10. -Are you Xiao Lin 〔做否认答复〕
-______, _______ _______.
II. 连词成句。
〔注意大小写及标点符号〕
1. too, Nice, to, you, meet,
____________________________________
2. number, phone, what, your, is
____________________________________
3. me, help, let, you
_____________________________________
4. its, is, Pot, name
_____________________________________
5. color, is, what, pen, your
_____________________________________
6. how, do, spell, you, it
_____________________________________
III. 根据汉语提示,完成句子。
1.我叫李芳,你叫什么名字?
_____ Li Fang; What’s _____ name
2.我的英文名字叫大卫。
My ______ _______ is David.
3.他的名字叫托尼。
______ name ______ Tony.
4. 她也来自北京。
She_______ _______ Beijing, ______.
5.托尼和贝蒂是我们的朋友。
Tony ______ Betty _______ _______ ______.
6. 这个用英语怎么说?
______ this ______ English
Ⅳ.连线从B栏中找出A栏相对的答语。
A B
1. Is this your sister A. Oh, you have two cousins.
2. Are these your brothers B. No, it isn’t. It’s my aunt.
3. Is s he Jim’s sister C. Nice to meet you.
4. Mum, these are my friends. D. Yes, they are.
5. They’re my aunt’s son and daughter. E. Yes, she is.
【参考答案】
I. 句型转换,每空一词。
1. What, your
2. My, name
3. How, is
4. What, is
5. What is
6. How, old
7. Yes, they are
8. does, come, from
9. is, not 10. No, I’m, not
II. 连词成句。
〔注意大小写及标点符号〕
1. Nice to meet you too.
2. What’s your phone number
3. Let me help you.
4. Its name is Pot.
5. What color is your pen
6. How do you spell it
III. 根据汉语提示,完成句子。
1. I’m, your 2 . English, name 3. His, is 4. is, from, too
5. and, are, our, friends
6. What’s, in
Ⅳ.连线从B栏中找出A栏相对的答语。
1. B
2. D
3. E
4. C 5.A
词句精讲精练
词汇精讲
1. take place
(1) take place意为“举行,进行〞。
例如:
The football game will take place tomorrow. 足球比赛明天举行。
(2) take place还有“发生;产生〞之意。
例如:
Great changes have taken place in China. 中国已经发生了巨大的变化。
【拓展】
辨析:take place与happen
(1) take place 表示“发生、举行、举办〞,一般指非偶然性事件的“发生〞,即这种事件的发生一定有某种原因或事先的安排。
例如:
When will the wedding take place 婚礼什么时候举行?
(2) happen作“发生、碰巧〞解,一般用于偶然或突发性事件。
例如:
What happened to you 你发生了什么事?(一般不说:What did you happen)
【注意】happen 与 take place 通常都没有被动语态。
2. population
population意为“人口〞时,是一个集体名词,被看作一个整体,在句中作主语时,后面的谓语动词用单数形式。
例如:
China has a quarter of the world’s populat ion.
中国人口占世界人口的四分之一。
【拓展】
(1) 当表示一个城市、地区或国家有多少人口时,常用以下两种结构,即“the population of + 某地 + is + 数词〞或“某地 + has a population of + 数词〞。
例如:
The population of London is over ten million.
=London has a population of over ten million. 伦敦的人口超过一千万。
(2) population可与large,small搭配,但不能与many,few搭配。
例如:
The city with its large population has become crowded.
这个人口众多的城市变得拥挤不堪了。
(3) 询问人口数量常用what或how large。
例如:
What’s the population of the city
=How large is the population of the city
这个城市有多少人口?
(4) population前有修饰词,如分数、百分数时,表示整体人口中的一局部,谓语动词有用复数形式。
例如:
One half of the population of the city are farmers. 这个城市的一半人口是农民。
3. offer
(1) offer是动词,意为“主动提供〞。
例如:
They will offer drinks during the meeting. 会议期间他们将提供饮料。
The young man offered an old man his own seat.
= The young man offered his own seat to an old man.
那个年轻人把自己的座位让给了一位老人。
(2) offer的常见搭配:
offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事
offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb. 向某人提供某物例如:
He offered me a glass of wine. 他端给我一杯酒。
4. satisfy
(1) 作动词,意为“使满意,使快乐;使满足〞。
例如:
That answer won’t satisfy her. 那个答复不能令她满意。
Our company will do everything to satisfy our customers.
我们公司将尽一切努力令顾客满意。
〔2〕作动词,意为“符合,到达(要求,标准等)〞。
例如:
You can’t apply for the job until you have satisfied certain conditions. 符合某些条件前,你不能申请这个工作。
【拓展】
〔1〕satisfied 作形容词,意为“满意的〞。
常放在系动词后面作表语。
例如:
Her pride was so fully satisfied.
她的虚荣心得到了如此充分的满足。
She seemed pretty satisfied with the result.
她对那结果似乎相当满意。
I felt quite satisfied after my big meal。
这顿大餐,我吃得很满意。
〔2〕常用短语搭配:be satisfied with sth. 意为“对……很满意〔主语为人〕〞。
例如:
The teacher is satisfied with her homework.
老师对她的作业很满意。
I told myself I would be satisfied with whatever I could get.
我告诉自己,不管得到什么我都会心满意足的。
One shouldn’t be satisfied with only a little success.
一个人不应该只因一点小成就而感到满足.
5. success
success 表示抽象意义的“成功〞,是不可数名词;表示具体意义的“成功的人或事〞, 那么是可数名词。
例如:
Failure is the mother of success. 失败是成功之母。
His new book was a great success.
他新出版的书获得了巨大成功。
【拓展】
〔1〕succeed 表示“成功〞,是不及物动词;表示做某事成功了,succeed 后通常接〔in〕doing sth。
例如:
His plan succeeded.他的方案成功了。
At last he succeeded in solving the problem. 他终于把那个问题解决了。
She succeeded in (passing) the exam. 她考试及格了。
〔2〕successful作形容词,意为“成功的〞。
例如:
The performance was successful. 演出很成功。
It was a successful experiment. 那是一次成功的试验。
6. encourage
encourage用作及物动词,意为“鼓励;鼓舞;促进;助长〞等,常用于以下结构:encourage sb. to do sth.意为“鼓励某人做某事〞。
例如:
The teacher often encourages us to study hard.老师经常鼓励我们要努力学习。
My mother encouraged me to enter the contest.
妈妈鼓励我参加那场比赛。
【拓展】
(1) encourage sb. in sth. 意为“在……方面鼓励/助长某人〞。
例如:
Don’t encourage him in laziness. 别助长他的懒惰行为。
(2) encouragement是encourage的名词形式,意为“鼓舞/鼓励〞。
例如:
The teacher’s words were a great encouragement to him.
老师的话对他是极大的鼓舞。
7. pollute
pollute为及物动词,意为“污染,弄脏〞;pollution为pollute的名词形式,意为“污染〞,是不可数名词。
例如:
We should not pollute our rivers with waste.
我们不应让废弃物污染我们的河川。
Pollution is a big problem. 污染是个大问题。
【拓展】
含pollution的习惯用语:air pollution 空气污染 noise pollution 噪音污染
8. create
create作动词,意为“创造,创作,创立〞。
例如:
God creates human beings. 上帝创造了人类。
An artist should create beautiful things. 一个艺术家应该创造美丽的东西。
It is people who create history. 是人民创造了历史。
【拓展】
creative作形容词,意为“有创造性的,有创意的〞。
例如:
Yoga releases the creative potential in life.
瑜伽释放出生命中创造的潜力。
Pay close attention to your own creative ideas.
时刻关注自己创造性的想法。
9. discover
discover是动词,意为“发现〞,其后可接名词、代词、疑问词+不定式及that从句等。
例如:
We never discovered how to open the box.
我们从未弄清楚如何翻开这个盒子。
【拓展】
(1) discover意为“发现〞,指有意或无意地发现已经存在尚不为人知的事物。
例如:China has discovered oil under the South China Sea.
中国在南海发现了石油。
(2) find意为“找到、发现〞,指偶然发现或经过一番寻找,找到值得或所需的东西,强调找的结果。
例如:
I found the book I was looking for. 我找到了一直在找的书。
(3) find out意为“查明白、弄清楚〞,多用于经过调查、分析、研究等手段查出的情况,查出的东西往往是抽象的,如时间、事实、真相等。
例如:
Please find out when the meeting starts. 请查一下会议什么时候开始。
(4) invent意为“创造〞指经过研究、设计而创造出原本未有的东西。
例如:
Cai Lun invented the paper. 蔡伦创造了纸。
10. rise
〔1〕rise 是不及物动词,意为“上升,上涨〞。
例如:
The sun has not yet risen. 太阳还没升起。
The population of the city has risen to five million.
城市人口已增加到五百万。
〔2〕rise还表示“起立;起床〞。
例如:
He rose and left the room. 他站起身走出屋去。
I have to rise early tomorrow morning. 我明天必须早起。
【拓展】
〔1〕raise是及物动词,意为“举起,抬起〞。
例如:
He raised his glass and said,“Your health, Carl.〞
他举起了杯子说道:“祝你健康,卡尔〞。
If you want to ask a question, first raise your hand.
如果你要问问题,请先举手。
〔2〕raise还表示“招募,筹集〞。
例如:
They are going to raise funds for the school buildings.
他们将为盖校舍筹集资金。
The foolish prince raised an army against his father.
那个愚蠢的王子招募军队反对他的父亲。
〔3〕raise还表示“提高〔音量、某种水平〕〞。
例如:
The ticket price was raised to 30 yuan. 票价上升到了30元。
The speaker raised his voice so that we could hear him.
演讲者提高了声音,以便我们都能听到。
词汇精练
I. 英汉词组互译。
1. take place _____________
2. 跟……保持联系_____________
3. 取得进步 ____________
4. succeed in doing sth. ____________
5. 采取措施做某事 ___________
6. so far___________
7. 幸亏,由于 ___________ 8. as a matter of fact _________
9. 成心,有意地__________ 10. according to___________
II. 根据句意及汉语提示补全句子。
1. Luck 52 the people who want to show themselves ______(给……提供) a good stage.
2. (多亏) the modern communications, we can keep in touch with our friends and relatives far away easily.
3. China has great(取得进步) in sending man-made satellites into space.
4. Our new headmaster looks very young. I think he is (少于) thirty years old.
5. Mike is weak in English. In order to (赶上) others, Mike works harder than before.
III.根据句意,选择单词或短语填空。
1. __________ ten years, my hometown has changed greatly.
2.—What sports do you like
—I like playing basketball, playing table tennis, playing football, running __________.
3. Li Hong studies English harder than before. __________, she has a good mark.
4. I’m afraid I can’t help you __________, because I’m too busy.
5. The grandchild nods his head to show his __________ to his grandpa.
IV. 短文填空。
阅读短文,用方框内所给单词的正确形式填空,使短文意思通顺、完整。
〔有多余词〕
Man y Chinese students don’t pay much attention to 1 English at school. They think it necessary 2 speaking English in class, but not out of class. Here is a story to show you how important it is to speak the English language freely in everyday life.
A foreigner once got hungry and went into a restaurant in London. He sat down at a table. When the waiter came, he 3 his mouth, put his fingers into it and took them out again in order 4 that he wanted something to eat for he could not speak English. The waiter soon5 a cup of tea. The man shook his head. The waiter then 6 away the tea and brought a cup of coffee. The man again shook his head. He 7 again and again, but he wasn’t able to make the waiter 8 him. However, when another man came in, he spoke English 9 and fluently. In a few minutes, there10 a large plate of meat and vegetables on the table before him.
【参考答案】
I. 英汉词组互译。
1. 发生,进行
2. keep in touch with
3. make progress
4. 成功做了某事
5. take measures to do sth.
6. 到目前为止
9. on purpose 10. 按照,据说
II. 根据句意及汉语提示补全句子。
1. provides, with
2. Thanks to
3.made, progress
4. less than
5. catch up with
III.根据句意,选择单词或短语填空。
IV. 短文填空。
V. 听力链接。