主动形式表被动意义000

英语中主动表被动的情况
一、谓语动词用主动表被动的四种情形
1.某些动词，如：wash, write, sell, read, open, burn, lock, wear, cook, clean等，常和副词well, easily, smoothly等连用，用来表示主语的特点和性质，
这类句子多用一般现在时或一般将来时。

This pen writes smoothly.
The door won’t open/lock.
The book sells well.
2. Want, need, require, deserve, worth(adj.) 后用v-ing的主动形式。

The TV set needs repairing.
The book is worth reading.
3.系动词无被动语态。

①类“感官”：
appear, feel, look, prove, taste，smell, sound.
②类“变化”: become, fall, get, grow, go, turn
③类：“依旧”：keep, lie, remain, stay
4.有些及物动词,如boil, cook, bake(烤), burn，print, freeze等可用进行时表被动。

The fish is burning.鱼烤焦了
The books are printing.书在印着
The cakes are baking/cooking.蛋糕在烤着
二、非谓语动词to do用主动表被动的五种情形
1.不定式作定语且句子主语就是不定式的逻辑主语时。

I want something to eat. (I是to eat的逻辑主语）
I have a meeting to attend today.
有时虽无逻辑主语，但句中隐含着“for sb. to do”结构。

此时，不定式应该用主动式There is nothing（for us）to worry about．
That will be the only thing（for us）to do now．
It is a good opportunity（for us ／them）to learn from the farmers．
注意：have sth to do和there be sth to do中，不定式常用主动式。

偶用被动式，但含义不同，表示动作由别人来完成。

如：I will go to BJ. Will you have anything to be taken there (by me)? (you不是take的逻辑主语，me 才是take的逻辑主语）
2. S +be +adj. + to do
常见的形容词有：easy, difficult, hard, interesting, pleasant, comfortable等
This problem is hard to work out.
3.在“with ／without ＋宾语＋宾补”结构中，作宾补的不定式to do须用主动式。

With a lot of difficult problems to settle，the newly-elected president is having a hard time．With several meetings to attend，he couldn't go to the Great Wall with us．
Without anything to do，he turned off the lights and went to bed．
4. 在too...to... 和enough to结构中。

to do习惯于用主动式。

The passage is too hard to translate.
This book is cheap enough to buy.
5. 不定式to let, to blame等作表语时，用主动表被动。

The car is to let. 此车出租
The driver is to blame for the incident. 司机为事故负责任
1. Rain forests __ and burned at such a speed that they will disappear from the earth in the near future.
A. cut
B. are cut
C. are being cut
D. had been cut
2. I need one more stamp before my collection ___.
A. has completed
B. completes
C. has been completed
D. is completed
3. He told us to keep a secret of the things __.
A .discussing B. to discuss
C. being discussed
D. having discussed
4. The mayor of Qujing says that all construction work for our school ____ by 2013.
A .has been completed B. has completed
C. will have been completed
D. will have completed
5. A new bridge______ across the river. Work started last year and the bridge is expected to open next year.
A.is built
B. is being built
C. are built
D. will
build
6. ----Why did you leave that position?
-----I ____a better position at IBM.
A.Offer
B. offered
C. am offered
D. was
offered.
7. This kind of glasses made by experienced workers_____
comfortably.
A.is worn
B. wearing
C. wears
D. are worn
8. ----Did you see Sandy in the manager’s office?
----Yes, she____ by the manager.
A.is questioned
B. was being questioned
C. had been questioned
D. was questioned
9. I feel it is your husband who_______for the spoiled child.
A. is to blame
B. is going to blame
C. is to be blame
D. should blame
10. The new dictionaries are very useful. They____ well and ____already.
A.sell; have been sold out
B.sold; had sold out
C.sell; sell out
D. are sold; have been sold out。