高考英语人教版一轮复习课时作业33Underthesea

课时作业(三十三)选修⑦Unit 3Under the sea
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
[2019·南昌市重点中学段考]In high school I was very shy, content to hang around with my small group of friends and concentrate on my courses. I was quickly regarded as a “brain”. I did so well that by the end of the senior year I had perfect grades and enough credits to give up an entire quarter of coursework.
But in early June of the senior year, the principal called me into his office. He asked me to give a speech at graduation. I gaped (目瞪口呆地凝视) at him, my heart thumping. This was the reward for my hard work?
I mumbled something and fled the office, blaming myself for staying away from physics, a subject sure to have ruined my perfect record.
I finally agreed to a promise. I would share the honor with five other students. And my friend Judy would then give her own, full-length speech.
Graduation day soon arrived. I'd been practicing my speech for days, and I had it memorized. The first half hour of the ceremony passed in a blur, and then my moment came. My name was announced. I managed to reach the podium (讲台) without falling down. I faced my classmates. My voice trembled a little, but mostly it was clear and strong. But within seconds, I was done and headed back to my seat. I acplished something I'd never dreamed of — I spoke in front of hundreds of people.
Although I didn't realize it at the time, the successful pletion of that speech gave me the confidence to participate in class at college, to give verbal reports, and to eventually break free from my shyness. I never would have chosen to give a speech at graduation ever. But I'm glad I did.
I no longer hesitate when I'm faced with the prospect of doing something I dread. I know it may very well turn out to be one of my shining moments.
体裁：记叙文题材：学校生活主题：“我”的第一次演讲
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。

“我”上高中时很羞怯，但由于学习成绩优秀，被校长要求在毕业典礼上演讲，“我”虽然害怕，但还是完成了这次演讲。

这件事不仅使“我”摆脱了羞怯，增强了自信，而且让“我”在做“我”恐惧的事情时不再犹豫。

【难句分析】I did so well that by the end of the senior year I had perfect grades and enough credits to give up an entire quarter of coursework.
分析：该句为主从复合句。

句中使用了“so... that...”结构，表示
“如此……以致于……”；句中的“that by the end of the senior year I had perfect grades and enough credits to give up an entire quarter of coursework”为that引导的结果状语从句。

译文：我功课完成得很好，以致于到高三期末时，我取得了优异的成绩，拿到了足够的学分，从而可以免去整整四分之一的课程作业。

1．Why was the writer called a “brain”？
A．She was a bookworm all the time.
B．She was the head of her small group.
C．She did a good job in her studies.
D．She did more coursework for good grades.
答案与解析：C考查细节理解。

根据第一段第三句“I did so well that by the end of the senior year I had perfect grades and enough credits to give up an entire quarter of coursework”可知，在高中毕业那年结束的时候“我”取得了优异的成绩，拿到了足够的学分，从而可以免去整整四分之一的课程作业。

由此可推知，“我”被认为是一个“聪明的学生”是因为“我”在课业方面表现出色，故C项正确。

2．What can we infer from the second paragraph?
A．She ruined her health because of studying hard.
B．She got the reward beyond expectation.
C．She was grateful for giving a speech.
D．She wasn't good at physics at school.
答案与解析：D考查推理判断。

根据第二段最后一句“I mumbled something and fled the office, blaming myself for staying away from physics, a subject sure to have ruined my perfect record”可知，“我”咕哝了几句话就逃出了办公室，责怪自己没学好物理，这门学科肯定破坏了“我”的完美记录。

据此可以判断，作者不擅长物理，故D项正确。

3．How did the author feel at the beginning of the graduation speech?
A．Scared.B．Moved.
C．Excited. D．Embarrassed.
答案与解析：A考查推理判断。

根据第四段第五、六、七句“I managed to reach the podium (讲台) without falling down. I faced my classmates. My voice trembled a little, but mostly it was clear and strong”可知，“我”设法到达讲台而不至于跌倒，面对着同学们，“我”的声音有点颤抖。

据此可以推断，演讲开始时“我”感到害怕。

A项意为“害怕，恐惧”，故A项正确。

4．What did the speech bring to the author at last?
A．She had nothing to fear in life.
B．She got rid of her sense of shyness.
C．She won enough college credits.
D．She desired to bee a speaker.
答案与解析：B考查细节理解。

根据最后一段第一句“Although I didn't realize it at the time, the successful pletion of that speech gave me the confidence to participate in class at college, to give verbal reports, and to eventually break free from my shyness”可知，高中毕业典礼上演讲的成功完成给了“我”最终摆脱羞怯的信心，故B项正确。

B
[2019·陕西省摸底检测]Scientists are preparing to launch the world's first machine to clean up the planet's largest mass of ocean plastic.
The experts believe the machine should be able to collect half of the detritus in the patch — about 40,000 metric tons — within five years. In the past few weeks they have been busy welding together giant tubes that will sit on the surface of the sea and form the skeleton of the machine, creating the largest floating barrier ever made.
The system, originally dreamt up by Mr. Slat, will be shipped out this summer to the Great Pacific Garbage Patch, between Hawaii and California, which contains estimated 1.8 trillion pieces of plastic. It will be the first ever attempt to tackle the patch since it was discovered in 1997.
Mr. Slat was 16 and still at school when he was diving in Greece and first saw for himself the amount of plastic polluting the sea. “There were more bags than fish down there，” he recalls. Two years later he came up with a solution, quit university after six months and set up The Ocean Cleanup as a pany. Mr. Slat says the first plastic to arrive on shore will be a major milestone. “We as humanity created this problem, so I think it's also our responsibility to help solve it，” he says.
The Creat Pacific Garbage Patch (GPGP) covers an area of 1.6 million square kilometers and contains at least 79,000 tons of plastic, research found last month. Most of it is made up of “ghost gear”—parts of abandoned and lost fishing gear, such as nets and ropes — often from illegal fishing vessels.
Ghost gear kills more than 100,000 whales, dolphins and seals each year, according to scientific surveys. Seabirds and other marine life are increasingly being found dead with stomachs full of small pieces of plastic. Creatures eat plastic discarded in the sea thinking it's food but then starve to death because they are not feeding properly. Others are trapped and die of starvation or are strangled or suffocated by ghost gear.
体裁：说明文题材：生态环保主题：世界首个海洋垃圾清扫
机
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了世界首个海洋垃圾清扫机的发明。

【难句分析】In the past few weeks they have been busy welding together giant tubes that will sit on the surface of the sea and form the skeleton of the machine, creating the largest floating barrier ever made.
分析：这是一个主从复合句。

that引导定语从句，在从句中充当主语，指代前面的giant tubes；and连接定语从句中的两个并列谓语；现在分词短话“creating the largest floating barrier ever made”作状语。

译文：过去几周，他们一直在忙于将大型管道焊接在一起，这些管道将被放在海面上，构成机器的骨架，创建出有史以来最大的浮动屏障。

5．What does the underlined word in the second paragraph probably mean?
A．Waste. B．Ocean.
C．System. D．Machine.
答案与解析：A考查词义猜测。

根据第二段画线词前的“collect half of”和第四段第一句中的“first saw for himself the amount of plastic polluting the sea”和第五段最后一句中的“parts of abandoned and lost fishing gear, such as nets and ropes — often from illegal fishing vessels”可推知，画线词的意思是“垃圾”。

故选A。

6．Which one makes up most of the garbage in Pacific from the passage?
A．Fishing vessels.
B．Dolphins and seals.
C．Giant tubes.
D．Abandoned fishing gear.
答案与解析：D考查细节理解。

根据第五段最后一句“Most of it is made up of ‘ghost gear’— parts of abandoned and lost fishing gear, such as nets and ropes — often from illegal fishing vessels”可知，太平洋里的大部分垃圾是由废弃的钓鱼用具组成的。

7．Why do some creatures in The Great Pacific Garbage Patch die of starvation?
A．Because they are killed by ghost gear.
B．Because they are suffocated by ghost gear.
C．Because they don't like eating plastic.
D．Because they are not feeding properly.
答案与解析：D考查细节理解。

根据最后一段倒数第二句中的
“but then starve to death because they are not feeding properly”可知，大太平洋垃圾带的一些生物死于饥饿是因为它们不能真正地进食。

8．What is the main idea of the passage?
A．A report about the death of marine life.
B．News about the first machine to clean up ocean plastic.
C．Information about ocean plastic.
D．The reason for inventing a machine.
答案与解析：B考查主旨大意。

本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了世界首个海洋垃圾清扫机的发明。

第一段“Scientists are preparing to launch the world's first machine to clean up the planet's largest mass of ocean plastic”点明了文章的主题，故选B。

Ⅱ.完形填空
[2019·福州市适应性练习]Mary, 16, was suffering from cancer. As a father, Mitchell always stayed home to care for her. He said the __1__ left them financially worse off. Then a group called Growing Hope __2__ in with $1,800 to help with his living costs.
__3__，he wanted to pay it back. In his __4__，he had been a __5__. So at age 40, Mitchell took up the __6__ again, participating in two fights in Fairfax. Mitchell was __7__ out in the first and second rounds, but he still __8__ to raise $20,000 that he gave to Growing Hope. During this time, he __9__ his daughter. And for six months, he did little but __10__.
One day, Mitchell __11__ a Mark Twain quote —The two most important days in your life are the day you are born, and the day you __12__ why. “After I read that quote, I was going to spend the __13__ of my life helping kids with cancer and their families，” he said.
Mitchell thought of creating a foundation, __14__ boxing did not seem practical anymore for fundraising, due to his age. Then he found that __15__ could be a source to raise money. In the Corps Marathon, he cut a striking figure on the course. __16__ by this success, he set his sight higher. He __17__ each of the miles of the race to a different child with cancer, and he carried their __18__ with him. Years after his daughter's death, Mitchell now __19__ up in the morning knowing his __20__.
体裁：记叙文题材：人物故事主题：父亲在女儿去世后找到新的生活希望
【语篇解读】Mitchell在女儿去世后受到马克·吐温名言的启发，加入陆战队马拉松，并把钱都捐给身患癌症的孩子们，从而发现了自己的社会价值。

1．A.atmosphere B．phenomenon
C．situation D．poverty
答案与解析：C根据空前的“As a father, Mitchell always stayed home to care for her”可知，因为Mary患有癌症，父亲Mitchell要待在家里照顾女儿。

这种情况(situation)使得家庭经济状况变得越来越糟糕，故选C项。

2．A.brought B．stepped
C．took D．broke
答案与解析：B根据语境和下文可知，后来，一个名为“Growing Hope”的组织伸出援手(step in)，给了他1 800美元的生活费。

3．A.Grateful B．Hopeful
C．Sorrowful D．Helpful
答案与解析：A根据空后的“he wanted to pay it back”可知，父亲对这个组织非常感激(Grateful)。

4．A.life B．reality
C．memory D．youth
答案与解析：D根据空后的“So at age 40”“fights”和“boxing”可知，在他年轻时，他是一个拳击手，故选D。

5．A.runner B．singer
C．boxer D．fighter
答案与解析：C参见上题解析。

选C项。

6．A.helmets B．gloves
C．boxes D．sneakers
答案与解析：B根据空后的“participating in two fights in Fairfax”可知，Mitchell又开始接受挑战了。

take up the gloves“接受挑战”，符合语境。

7．A.knocked B．sent
C．driven D．put
答案与解析：A根据下文内容可知，Mitchell在第一和第二回合被击倒。

但他仍然设法成功地筹集了20 000美元。

短语knock sb. out“击倒某人”。

8．A.managed B．persuaded
C．failed D．tried
答案与解析：A参见上题解析，故选A项。

B项意为“劝说，说服”。

9．A.cured B．acpanied
C．forted D．lost
答案与解析：D根据下文“Years after his daughter's death”可知，这个时候，他失去了(lost)他的女儿。

10．A.regret B．mourn
C．burst D．work
答案与解析：B根据上下文和常识可推知，当女儿去世后，父亲除了哀悼(mourn)几乎什么也不做。

11．A.came upon B．agreed to
C．looked at D．depended on
答案与解析：A根据下文中的“After I read that quote”可知，Mitchell偶然(came upon)读到马克·吐温的话。

12．A.consider B．ask
C．discover D．make
答案与解析：C根据语境可知，人生中另外一个重要的日子是你发现(discover)自己为何出生。

13．A.forces B．rest
C．energy D．resources
答案与解析：B根据下文内容可知，Mitchell在余下的(rest)日子里开始帮助那些患有癌症的孩子。

故选B项。

14．A.yet B．so
C．or D．although
答案与解析：A Mitchell想创立一个基金会，但是(yet)由于他的年龄，拳击已经不再是一个实用的基金收入来源了。

15．A.funds B．singing
C．running D．projects
答案与解析：C根据空后的“In the Corps Marathon”可知，然后Mitchell发现可以通过跑步来筹钱。

故选C项。

16．A.Depressed B．Moved
C．Shocked D．Inspired
答案与解析：D在此次马拉松比赛中，Mitchell在比赛场上崭露头角。

在此成功的激励(inspired)下，他把眼光放得更高，故选D项。

17．A.ran B．donated
C．peted D．conveyed
答案与解析：B根据空后的“to a different child with cancer”可知，Mitchell把比赛的每一分钱都捐给(donated)了身患癌症的孩子们。

故选B项。

18．A.smiles B．parents
C．strengths D．pictures
答案与解析：D Mitchell随身带着他们的照片(pictures)。

故选D 项。

19．A.stands B．goes
C．wakes D．climbs
答案与解析：C根据空后的“in the morning”可推知，此处表示在早晨醒来的时候，故选C项。

20．A.time B．what
C．course D．why
答案与解析：D根据上文中提到的马克·吐温的话中的“why”可知，选D项。