四六级写作常用词语高级替换词(六)(名词)

写作常用词语高级替换系列——名词
事情（thing ［θɪŋ]）
business [ˈbɪznəs］
【例句】I've got some unfinished business to attend to.
【翻译】我还有一些未完的事要处理.
issue ['ɪʃuː]
【例句】Is it right for the Church to express a view on political issues?
【翻译】教会对政治问题发表看法是否恰当？
affair ［ə'feə]
【例句】The government has mishandled the whole affair。

【翻译】政府对整个事件处理不当。

matter [’mætə］
【例句】Until the matter is resolved the athletes will be ineligible to compete.
【翻译】除非这个问题得以解决，否则这些运动员没有资格参加比赛。

优点（advantage [əd'vɑːntɪdʒ］）
virtue ［’vɜːtjuː］
【例句】The chair has the virtue of being adjustable。

【翻译】这种椅子具有可调节的优点。

merit [’merɪt］
【例句】They have been persuaded of the merits of peace。

【翻译】他们被劝服，认识到了和平的好处。

benefit ['benɪfɪt]
【例句】The benefit of an x-ray far outweighs the minutely increased risk of cancer。

【翻译】X光检查的好处远远大于其在很小程度上增加的罹患癌症的风险。

缺点 (disadvantage ［dɪsəd’vɑːntɪdʒ］）
shortcoming ['ʃɔːtkʌmɪŋ］
【例句】Marriages usually break down as a result of the shortcomings of both partners.
【翻译】婚姻常因为配偶双方的缺点而破裂。

drawback ［’drɔ,bæk]
【例句】He felt the apartment’s only drawback was that it was too small。

【翻译】他觉得这个公寓唯一的缺点就是太小了.
defect ［’diːfekt]
【例句】A report has pointed out the defects of the present system.
【翻译】一份报告指出了当前体制存在的毛病。

demerit ［diː’merɪt]
【例句】The committee are looking at the merits and demerits of the proposal。

【翻译】委员会正在评判该提议的优缺点。

错误（mistake [mɪ’steɪk])
fault ［fɔːlt］
【例句】It is a big fault to think that you can learn how to manage people in business school。

【翻译】以为在商学院能学会如何管理人是一大错误。

error ［'erə]
【例句】She went through the typescript carefully to eliminate all errors from it。

【翻译】她认真地检查了打字稿, 排除了所有的错误。

fallacy ['fæləsɪ]
【例句】It exposes the fallacy of short—term industrial gain at long-term environmental expense。

【翻译】这暴露了以长久的环境破坏为代价换取短期工业利益的错误。

名声（fame [feɪm]）
reputation [repjʊ’teɪʃ(ə)n]
【例句】He tried to lie away her reputation。

【翻译】他极力以谎言毁损她的名誉。

renown ［rɪ’naʊn］
【例句】His renown has spread throughout the country.
【翻译】他的名声已传遍全国。

prestige [pre’stiː(d）ʒ］（强调好的名声）
【例句】Their products enjoy ever higher prestige in the world market.
【翻译】他们的产品在世界市场上享有越来越高的声誉。

能力（ability ［ə’bɪlɪtɪ］)
capacity ［kə’pæsɪtɪ]
【例句】Her mental capacity and temperament are as remarkable as his.
【翻译】她的才智和气质和他一样出众.
capability [keɪpə'bɪlɪtɪ]
【例句】Organizing a whole department is beyond his capability.
【翻译】他难以胜任组织整个部门的任务.
competence ['kɒmpɪt(ə)ns]
【例句】This mess is a poor reflection on his competence。

【翻译】这种混乱情况说明他难当此任。

顶点(top [tɒp])
climax ['klaɪmæks］
【例句】It was the climax to 24 hours of growing anxiety。

【翻译】24小时里不断加重的焦虑在那一刻达到顶点.
peak ［piːk］
【例句】Traffic reaches its peak between 8 and 9 in the morning.
【翻译】上午8、9点钟之间是交通高峰期.
zenith ［’zɛnɪθ]
【例句】His career is now at its zenith。

【翻译】他的事业现在处于鼎盛时期。