长期饥饿后异育银鲫对饲料蛋白质的需求

长期饥饿后异育银鲫对饲料蛋白质的需求
吴本丽;黄龙;何吉祥;陈静;宋光同;武松
【期刊名称】《动物营养学报》
【年(卷),期】2018(030)006
【摘要】This study was conducted to obtain the requirement level of dietary protein for juvenile gibel carp ( Carassius auratus gibelio) suffered from long-term starvation and its adaptive strategies. The juvenile gibel carp [(11.6±0.4) g] were fasted for 90 d under (15.2±2.0) ℃ of water temperature, and then diets with protein levels of 20％ ( P20) , 25％ ( P25) , 30％ ( P30) , 35％ ( P35) and 40％ ( P40) were provided ( each replicate had 3 replicates, and each replicate had 40 carps) , respectively. The re-feeding trial lasted 56 d under (24.4±2.2) ℃ of water temperature. Variations of body measurements, viscera index, body composition and activities of intestinal digestive enzymes and were measured during starvation and re-feeding periods. The re-sults showed as follows:1) after 90 d of starvation, body weight was significantly decreased ( P<0.05) , liver index and intestinal tract length index were significantly decreased ( P<0.05) , activities of intestinal digestive enzymes were significantly decreased
(P<0.05), body moisture and ash content were significantly decreased ( P<0.05) , and body crude protein and crude lipid were significantly decreased ( P<0.05) . 2) After re-feed-ing, on day 14, there was no significant difference on body weight among groups (P>0.05); on day 28,
body weight of P20 group was significantly lower than that of P30, P35 and P40 groups ( P<0.05);on day 42 and 56, body weight of P35 and P40 groups was significantly higher than that of the other groups ( P<0.05) , and specific growth rate ( SGR) and feed conversion ratio ( FCR) in these two groups were close. 3) On day 56 of re-feeding, body crude protein content of P20 group was significantly lower than that of the other groups (P<0.05), body crude lipid content of P20 and P25 groups was significantly lower than that of the other groups (P<0.05), body ash content of P20 and P25 groups was significantly higher than that of the other groups
( P<0.05) , and body moisture content of P20 and P25 groups was significantly higher than that of P35 and P40 groups (P<0.05). 4) After re-feeding, activities of intestinal digestive enzymes were gradually in-creased; protease activity was increased with the improvement of dietary protein level, P35 and P40 groups were significantly higher than the other groups on day 28 ( P<0.05) , and P40 group was significantly higher than the other groups on day 56 ( P<0.05); amylase activity was decreased with the improvement of dietary protein level, P35 and P40 groups were significantly lower than the other groups on day 28 (P<0.05), and P30, P35 and P40 groups were significantly lower than the other groups on day 56 ( P<0.05) . In conclusion, there are differences in utilization and adaptive process to diets with different dietary protein levels for juvenile gibel carp suffered from long-term starvation;at the early stage of re-feeding, the growth is not affected by di-etary protein level, but high dietary protein level as 35％ to 40％ will promote the growth after recovery of in-gestion
and digestive function, and the theoretical optimal dietary protein level is 38.1％.%为研究长期饥饿后异育银鲫幼鱼对饲料蛋白质的需求水平及适应策略,本试验首先对异育银鲫幼鱼[(11.6±0.4)g]持续饥饿处理90 d,期间水温(15.2±2.0)℃,随后分别采用20％(P20)、25％(P25)、30％(P30)、35％(P35)和40％(P40)蛋白质水平饲料(每组设置3个平行,每个平行40尾)恢复投喂56 d,期间水温
(24.4±2.2)℃,监测饥饿和恢复投喂期间形体指标、脏器系数、体成分、肠道消化酶活性的变化.结果表明:1)饥饿90 d后,鱼体体重显著下降(P<0.05),肝脏系数和肠长系数显著降低(P<0.05),肠道蛋白酶、淀粉酶、脂肪酶活性显著降低(P<0.05),鱼体水分和粗灰分含量显著上升(P<0.05),粗脂肪和粗蛋白质含量显著下降
(P<0.05).2)恢复投喂后,第14天时,各组体重无显著差异(P>0.05);第28天时,P20组体重显著低于P30、P35、P40组(P<0.05),第42和56天时,P35和P40组体重显著高于其他组(P<0.05),且这2组特定生长率和饲料系数接近.3)恢复投喂第56天,P20组鱼体粗蛋白质含量显著低于其他组(P<0.05),P20和P25组鱼体粗脂肪含量显著低于其他组(P<0.05),P20和P25组粗灰分含量显著高于其他组
(P<0.05),P20和P25组鱼体水分含量显著高于P35和P40组(P<0.05).4)恢复投喂后,肠道消化酶活性逐渐增强;蛋白酶活性随饲料蛋白质水平升高而升高,第28天P35、P40组显著高于其他组(P<0.05),第56天P40组显著高于其他组(P<0.05);淀粉酶活性随饲料蛋白质水平升高而降低,第28天P35、P40组显著低于其他组(P<0.05),第56天P30、P35、P40组显著低于其他组(P<0.05).结果提示,长期饥饿后异育银鲫幼鱼对不同蛋白质水平饲料的利用及适应过程有较大差异;恢复投喂初期,饲料蛋白质水平对生长影响不大,机体摄食及消化功能逐渐恢复后,较高蛋白质水平(35％～40％)可有效促进生长,回归分析获得理论最适饲料蛋白质水平为38.1％.
【总页数】11页(P2215-2225)
【作者】吴本丽;黄龙;何吉祥;陈静;宋光同;武松
【作者单位】安徽省农业科学院水产研究所,合肥 230031;安徽省农业科学院水产研究所,合肥 230031;安徽省农业科学院水产研究所,合肥 230031;安徽省农业科学院水产研究所,合肥 230031;安徽省农业科学院水产研究所,合肥 230031;安徽省农业科学院水产研究所,合肥 230031
【正文语种】中文
【中图分类】S965
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