四级仔细阅读
英语四级仔细阅读技巧
英语四级仔细阅读技巧作为英语四级考试中最具挑战性的部分，仔细阅读常常使很多考生感到头疼。
而在实际考试中，正确掌握仔细阅读技巧能够帮助我们迅速提高分数，从而提升整体成绩。
在这篇文章中，我们将为大家讲解如何更有效地进行英语四级仔细阅读。
了解篇章结构在进行仔细阅读之前，我们需要先了解篇章结构。
篇章结构包括文章的主题、内容、段落间的连接方式等。
在阅读过程中，了解篇章结构往往能够帮助我们更快速地理解文章的意思。
我们可以逐句阅读，建立起阅读框架。
通过查看文章的标题和子标题，我们可以大致了解文章的主旨。
然后，我们可以仔细阅读第一段，这段通常会向我们介绍文章的主题，并介绍作者的观点和态度。
在看完第一段之后，我们可以迅速浏览其他段落，找出段落之间的关联，构建起篇章框架。
在理清篇章结构之后，我们可以更加有针对性地进行仔细阅读。
抓住关键词在仔细阅读过程中，我们需要捕捉文章中的关键词。
这些关键词通常是文章中的名词、动词和形容词。
捕捉关键词可以帮助我们更快地了解文章的主题和内容。
例如，在文章中，如果出现“climate change”（气候变化）这样的关键词，通常说明这篇文章讨论的是环境问题。
因此，在看到关键词之后，我们可以重点关注这些关键词所在的句子或段落，了解作者的观点和论据。
理解段落意义在进行仔细阅读时，我们需要关注每一个段落的意义。
段落通常是一篇文章的最基本单位，每一个段落都会讲述一个主题或者阐述一个论点。
我们可以通过关注每一个段落的第一句话和最后一句话来捕捉段落的主题。
然后，我们可以仔细阅读段落中的细节和论据，判断段落是否有助于全文的理解，或者它们是否存在不相关的内容。
多练习最后，多练习也是掌握英语四级仔细阅读技巧的关键。
通过多次模拟考试，我们可以熟悉四级考试的时间限制，了解不同难度级别的文章，积累一定的阅读经验。
同时，我们也可以通过进行在线模拟考试来提升仔细阅读的速度和准确性。
在实际考试中，我们通常需要在限定时间内，认真阅读3~4篇文章，并回答一系列问题。
大学英语四级Reading介绍及答题技巧
答题技巧
二、长篇阅读部分
总结：在提炼关键词的过程中，先找“特殊词汇”，因为特殊词汇容易 快速定位，定位之后再结合题干中的信息实词，就可以很快锁定答案; 在题干 没有“特殊词汇”的情况下，可充分挖掘承载题干信息的动词、名词、形容词 及其相关短语，用它们来进行定位。在有些情况下，还需要从语法角度分析句 子，提取关键词。“吃透”题干准确判断关键词、中心词至关重要。采用由易 到难的解题策略, 可以提升大家的解题信心。对于那些答题线索较少的题目， 可留在最后再解答。在解答这类较难的题目时，可快速阅读原文中仍未选过的 段落的主题句通常为第一句、第二句或最后一句，然后根据段落大意与题干中 的细节信息进行匹配。
（ 1 ）承载题干主要信息的名词、形容词、动词短语等。如 diploma, shortage, beneficial, incline to 等；
（ 2 ）四级高频词汇及其派生词。比如: inevitability, globalization, innovative，possibility等，它们通常是文中对应信息词的变体。
答题技巧
二、长篇阅读部分
长篇阅读的四个步骤：
第三步，回文定位。根据题干中的关键词，迅速在文章中找出与题干信息 相关的内容。
第四步，分析定位句。一旦发现与题干关键字“有交集”的内容,立即在段 落中画出，然后综合题干信息判断其是否为对应段落。一般情况下，如果题目 是对文章的同义转述、概括总结等，就可初步判定为答案。保险起见，可以再 延伸略读一下段落的前后意群、直至完全确定答案。注意，有时候确定答案时 还需要结合本段落主旨句或作者的观点态度句。
答题技巧四：分解对应
分解对应四分法：快速将问题分解成4个部分(主A 谓B 宾C+其他D)，与 原文进行对比。
四级仔细阅读理解技巧
四级仔细阅读理解技巧
一、先预读，分析文章信息：
预读在仔细阅读之前，是一个重要步骤。
它可以帮助读者熟悉文章大
意和信息，并有助于获取一般的概念框架，便于在仔细阅读时有目的地理
解文章的内容。
预读还能帮助读者了解文章的体裁和结构，从而有助于根
据文章的结构来理解文章的目的和内容，便于更加有效地阅读和理解文章。
二、精准定位，解决信息碎片：
之后，在仔细阅读时，可以像拼图一样，根据具体的文章内容，仔细
分析和理解每个句子，把文章中提出的概念、事实和观点拼凑起来，有助
于获取文章的细节信息，达到高效理解文章的目的。
三、主题建构，思考归纳概括：
最后，要把读过的文章进行归纳概括，把文章中的信息按照内容的结构，把碎片信息有机地组织起来，以清晰的思路来完整地表达出文章的主
题及其主要观点，从而使文章有条理性地表达出来，便于更深入地理解文
章的内容。
12月英语四级仔细阅读真题答案
12月英语四级仔细阅读真题答案12月英语四级仔细阅读真题答案「篇一」Happiness can be described as a positive mood and a pleasant state of mind. According to recent polls (民意测验) sixty to seventy percent of Americans consider themselves to be moderately happy and one in twenty persons feels very unhappy. Psychologists have been studying the factors that contribute to happiness. It is not predictable nor is a person in an apparently ideal situation necessarily happy. The ideal situation may have little to do with his actual feelings。
A good education and income are usually considered necessary for happiness. Though both may contribute, they are only chief factors if the person is seriously undereducated or actually suffering from lack of physical needs。
The rich are not likely to be happier than the middle-income group or even those with very low incomes. People with college educations are somewhat happier than those who did not graduate from high school, and it is believed that this is mainly because they have more opportunity to control their lives. Yet people with a high income and a college education may be less happy than those with the same income and no college education。
大学英语四级仔细阅读专项练习20篇(附答案)
大学英语四级仔细阅读专项练习20篇（附答案）练习一（2010年12月大学英语四级考试真题）Passage OneQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.It is pretty much a one-way street. While it may be common for university researchers to try their luck in the commercial world, there is very little traffic in the opposite direction. Pay has always been the biggest deterrent, as people with families often feel they cannot afford the drop in salary when moving to a university job. For some industrial scientists, however, the attractions of academia (学术界) outweigh any financial considerations.Helen Lee took a 70% cut in salary when she moved from a senior post in Abbott Laboratories to a medical department at the University of Cambridge. Her main reason for returning to academia mid-career was to take advantage of the greater freedom to choose research questions. Some areas of inquiry have few prospects of a commercial return, and Lee's is one of them.The impact of a salary cut is probably less severe for a scientist in the early stages of a career. Guy Grant, now a research associate at the Unilever Centre for Molecular Informatics at the University of Cambridge, spent two years working for a pharmaceutical (制药的) company before returning to university as a post-doctoral researcher. He took a 30% salary cut but felt it worthwhile for the greater intellectual opportunities.Higher up the ladder, where a pay cut is usually more significant, the demand for scientists with a wealth of experience in industry is forcing universities to make the transition (转换) to academia more attractive, according to Lee. Industrial scientists tend to receive training that academics do not, such as how to build a multidisciplinary team, manage budgets and negotiate contracts. They are also well placed to bring something extra to the teaching side of an academic role that will help students get a job when they graduate, says Lee, perhaps experience in manufacturing practice or product development. “Only a small number of undergraduates willcontinue in an academic career. So someone leaving university who already has the skills needed to work in an industrial lab has far more potential in the job market than someone who has spent all their time on a narrow research project.”57. By “a one-way street” (Line 1, Para. 1), the author means ________.[A] university researchers know little about the commercial world[B] there is little exchange between industry and academia[C] few industrial scientists would quit to work in a university[D] few university professors are willing to do industrial research58. The word “deterrent” (Line 2, Para. 1) most probably refers to something that ________.[A] keeps someone from taking action [C] attracts people's attention[B] helps to move the traffic [D] brings someone a financial burden59. What was Helen Lee's major consideration when she changed her job in the middle of her career?[A] Flexible work hours. [C] Her preference for the lifestyle on campus.[B] Her research interests. [D] Prospects of academic accomplishments.60. Guy Grant chose to work as a researcher at Cambridge in order to ________.[A] do financially more rewarding work[B] raise his status in the academic world[C] enrich his experience in medical research[D] exploit better intellectual opportunities61. What contribution can industrial scientists make when they come to teach in a university?[A] Increase its graduates' competitiveness in the job market.[B] Develop its students' potential in research.[C] Help it to obtain financial support from industry.[D] Gear its research towards practical applications.Passage TwoQuestions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.Being sociable looks like a good way to add years to your life. Relationships with family, friends, neighbours, even pets, will all do the trick, but the biggest longevity (长寿) boost seems to come from marriage or an equivalent relationship. The effect was first noted in 1858 by William Farr, who wrote that widows and widowers (鳏夫) were at a much higher risk of dying than their married peers. Studies since then suggest that marriage could add as much as seven years to a man's life and two to a woman's. The effect holds for all causes of death, whether illness, accident or self-harm.Even if the odds are stacked against you, marriage can more than compensate. Linda Waite of the University of Chicago has found that a married older man with heart disease can expect to live nearly four years longer than an unmarried man with a healthy heart. Likewise, a married man who smokes more than a pack a day is likely to live as long as a divorced man who doesn't smoke. There's a flip side, however, as partners are more likely to become ill or die in the couple of years following their spouse's death, and caring for a spouse with mental disorder can leave you with some of the same severe problems. Even so, the odds favour marriage. In a 30-year study of more than 10,000 people, Nicholas Christakis of Harvard Medical School describes how all kinds of social networks have similar effects.So how does it work? The effects are complex, affected by socio-economic factors, health-service provision, emotional support and other more physiological (生理的) mechanisms. For example, social contact can boost development of the brain and immune system, leading to better health and less chance of depression later in life. People in supportive relationships may handle stress better. Then there are the psychological benefits of a supportive partner.A life partner, children and good friends are all recommended if you aim to live to 100. The ultimate social network is still being mapped out, but Christakis says: “People are interconnected, so their health is interconnected.”62. William Farr's study and other studies show that _________.[A] social life provides an effective cure for illness[B] being sociable helps improve one's quality of life[C] women benefit more than men from marriage[D] marriage contributes a great deal to longevity63. Linda Waite's studies support the idea that _________.[A] older men should quit smoking to stay healthy[B] marriage can help make up for ill health[C] the married are happier than the unmarried[D] unmarried people are likely to suffer in later life64. It can be inferred from the context that the “flip side” (Line 4, Para. 2) refers to _________.[A] the disadvantages of being married[B] the emotional problems arising from marriage[C] the responsibility of taking care of one's family[D] the consequence of a broken marriage65. What does the author say about social networks?[A] They have effects similar to those of a marriage.[B] They help develop people's community spirit.[C] They provide timely support for those in need.[D] They help relieve people of their life's burdens.66. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?[A] It's important that we develop a social network when young.[B] To stay healthy, one should have a proper social network.[C] Getting a divorce means risking a reduced life span.[D] We should share our social networks with each other.练习二（2010年6月英语四级考试真题）Passage OneQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.You never see him, but they're with you every time you fly. They record where you are going, how fast you're traveling and whether everything on your airplane is functioning normally. Their ability to withstand almost any disaster makes them seem like something out of a comic book. They're known as the black box.When planes fall from the sky, as a Yemeni airliner did on its way to Comoros Islands in the India Ocean, June 30, 2009, the black box is the best bet for identifying what went wrong. So when a French submarine (潜水艇) detected the device's homing signal five days later, the discovery marked a huge step toward determining the cause of a tragedy in which 152 passengers were killed.In 1958, Australian scientist David Warren developed a flight-memory recorder that would track basic information like altitude and direction. That was the first mode for a black box, which became a requirement on all U.S. commercial flights by 1960. Early models often failed to withstand crashes, however, so in 1965 the device was completely redesigned and moved to the rear of the plane – the area least subject to impact – from its original position in the landing wells (起落架舱). The same year, the Federal Aviation Authority required that the boxes, which were never actually black, be painted orange or yellow to aid visibility.Modern airplanes have two black boxes: a voice recorder, which tracks pilots' conversations, and a flight-data recorder, which monitors fuel levels, engine noises and other operating functions that help investigators reconstruct the aircraft's final moments. Placed in an insulated (隔绝的) case and surrounded by a quarter-inch-thick panels of stainless steel, the boxes can withstand massive force and temperatures up to 2,000℉. When submerged, they're also able to emit signals from depths of 20,000 ft. Experts believe the boxes from Air France Flight 447, which crashed near Brazil on June 1,2009, are in water nearly that deep, but statistics say they're still likely to turn up. In the approximately 20 deep-sea crashes over the past 30 years, only one plane's black boxes were never recovered.57. What does the author say about the black box?A) It ensures the normal functioning of an airplane.B) The idea for its design comes from a comic book.C) Its ability to ward off disasters is incredible.D) It is an indispensable device on an airplane.58. What information could be found from the black box on the Yemeni airliner?A) Data for analyzing the cause of the crash.B) The total number of passengers on board.C) The scene of the crash and extent of the damage.D) Homing signals sent by the pilot before the crash.59. Why was the black box redesigned in 1965?A) New materials became available by that time.B) Too much space was needed for its installation.C) The early models often got damaged in the crash.D) The early models didn't provide the needed data.60. Why did the Federal Aviation Authority require the black boxes be painted orange or yellow?A) To distinguish them from the colour of the plane.B) To caution people to handle them with care.C) To make them easily identifiable.D) To conform to international standards.61. What do we know about the black boxes from Air France Flight 447?A) There is still a good chance of their being recovered.B) There is an urgent need for them to be reconstructed.C) They have stopped sending homing signals.D) They were destroyed somewhere near Brazil.Passage TwoQuestions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.The $11 billion self-help industry is built on the idea that you should turn negative thoughts like “I never do anything right” into positive ones like “I can succeed.” Butwas positive thinking advocate Norman Vincent Peale right? Is there power in positive thinking?Researchers in Canada just published a study in the journal Psychological Science that says trying to get people to think more positively can actually have the opposite effect: it can simply highlight how unhappy they are.The study's authors, Joanne Wood and John Lee of the University of Waterloo and Elaine Perunovic of the University of New Brunswick, begin by citing older research showing that when people get feedback which they believe is overly positive, they actually feel worse, not better. If you tell your dim friend that he has the potential of an Einstein, you're just underlining his faults. In one 1990s experiment, a team including psychologist Joel Cooper of Princeton asked participants to write essays opposing funding for the disabled. When the essayists were later praised for their sympathy, they felt even worse about what they had written.In this experiment, Wood, Lee and Perunovic measured 68 students' self-esteem. The participants were then asked to write down their thoughts and feelings for four minutes. Every 15 seconds, one group of students heard a bell. When it rang, they were supposed to tell themselves, “I am lovable.”Those with low self-esteem didn't feel better after the forced self-affirmation. In fact, their moods turned significantly darker than those of members of the control group, who weren't urged to think positive thoughts.The paper provides support for newer forms of psychotherapy (心理治疗) that urge people to accept their negative thoughts and feelings rather than fight them. In the fighting, we not only often fail but can make things worse. Meditation (静思) techniques, in contrast, can teach people to put their shortcomings into a larger, more realistic perspective. Call it the power of negative thinking.62. What do we learn from the first paragraph about the self-help industry?A) It is a highly profitable industry.B) It is based on the concept of positive thinking.C) It was established by Norman Vincent Peale.D) It has yielded positive results.63. What is the finding of the Canadian researchers?A) Encouraging positive thinking many do more harm than good.B) There can be no simple therapy for psychological problems.C) Unhappy people cannot think positively.D) The power of positive thinking is limited.64. What does the author mean by “… you're just underlining his faults” (Line 4, Para.3)?A) You are not taking his mistakes seriously enough.B) You are pointing out the errors he has committed.C) You are emphasizing the fact that he is not intelligent.D) You are trying to make him feel better about his faults.65. What do we learn from the experiment of Wood, Lee and Perunovic?A) It is important for people to continually boost their self-esteem.B) Self-affirmation can bring a positive change to one's mood.C) Forcing a person to think positive thoughts may lower their self-esteem.D) People with low self-esteem seldom write down their true feelings.66. What do we learn from the last paragraph?A) The effects of positive thinking vary from person to person.B) Meditation may prove to be a good form of psychotherapy.C) Different people tend to have different ways of thinking.D) People can avoid making mistakes through meditation.练习三（2013年6月大学英语四级考试真题）Passage OneQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.Junk food is everywhere. We're eating too much of it. Most of us know what we're doing and yet we do it anyway.So here's a suggestion offered by two researchers at the Rand Corporation: Why not take a lesson from alcohol control policies and apply them to where food is soldand how it's displayed?“Many policy measures to control obesity（肥胖症）assume that people consciously and rationally choose what and how much they eat and therefore focus on providing information and more access to healthier foods,” note the two researchers.“In contrast,” the researchers continue, “many regulations that don't assume people make rational choices have been successfully applied to control alcohol, a substance — like food — of which immoderate consumption leads to serious health problems.”The research references studies of people's behavior with food and alcohol and results of alcohol restrictions, and then lists five regulations that the researchers think might be promising if applied to junk foods. Among them:Density restrictions: licenses to sell alcohol aren't handed out unplanned to all comers but are allotted（分配）based on the number of places in an area that already sell alcohol. These make alcohol less easy to get and reduce the number of psychological cues to drink.Similarly, the researchers say, being presented with junk food stimulates our desire to eat it. So why not limit the density of food outlets, particularly ones that sell food rich in empty calories? And why not limit sale of food in places that aren't primarily food stores?Display and sales restrictions: California has a rule prohibiting alcohol displays near the cash registers in gas stations, and in most places you can't buy alcohol at drive-through facilities. At supermarkets, food companies pay to have their wares in places where they're easily seen. One could remove junk food to the back of the store and ban them from the shelves at checkout lines. The other measures include restricting portion sizes, taxing and prohibiting special price deals for junk foods, and placing warning labels on the products.57. What does the author say about junk food?A) People should be educated not to eat too much.B) It is widely consumed despite its ill reputation.C) Its temptation is too strong for people to resist.D) It causes more harm than is generally realized.58. What do the Rand researchers think of many of the policy measures to control obesity?A) They should be implemented effectively.B) They provide misleading information.C) They are based on wrong assumptions.D) They help people make rational choices.59. Why do policymakers of alcohol control place density restrictions?A) Few people are able to resist alcohol's temptations.B) There are already too many stores selling alcohol.C) Drinking strong alcohol can cause social problems.D) Easy access leads to customers' over-consumption.60. What is the purpose of California's rule about alcohol display in gas stations?A) To effectively limit the density of alcohol outlets.B) To help drivers to give up the habit of drinking.C) To prevent possible traffic jams in nearby areas.D) To get alcohol out of drivers' immediate sight.61. What is the general guideline the Rand researchers suggest about junk food control?A) Guiding people to make rational choices about food.B) Enhancing people's awareness of their own health.C) Borrowing ideas from alcohol control measures.D) Resorting to economic, legal and psychological means.Passage TwoQuestions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.Kodak's decision to file for bankruptcy（破产）protection is a sad, though not unexpected, turning point for a leading American corporation that pioneered consumer photography and dominated the film market for decades, but ultimatelyfailed to adapt to the digital revolution.Although many attribute Kodak's downfall to “complacency(自满)”, that explanation doesn't acknowledge the lengths to which the company went to reinvent itself. Decades ago, Kodak anticipated that digital photography would overtake film — and in fact, Kodak invented the first digital camera in 1975 — but in a fateful decision, the company chose to shelf its new discovery to focus on its traditional film business.It wasn't that Kodak was blind to the future, said Rebecca Henderson, a professor at Harvard Business School, but rather that it failed to execute on a strategy to confront it. By the time the company realized its mistake, it was too late.Kodak is an example of a firm that was very much aware that they had to adapt, and spent a lot of money trying to do so, but ultimately failed. Large companies have a difficult time switching into new markets because there is a temptation to put existing assets into the new businesses.Although Kodak anticipated the inevitable rise of digital photography, its corporate（企业的）culture was too rooted in the successes of the past for it to make the clean break necessary to fully embrace the future. They were a company stuck in time. Their history was so important to them. Now their history has become a liability.Kodak's downfall over the last several decades was dramatic. In 1976, the company commanded 90% of the market for photographic film and 85% of the market for cameras. But the 1980s brought new competition from Japanese film company Fuji Photo, which undermined Kodak by offering lower prices for film and photo supplies. Kodak's decision not to pursue the role of official film for the 1984 Los Angeles Olympics was a major miscalculation. The bid went instead to Fuji, which exploited its sponsorship to win a permanent foothold in the marketplace.62. What do we learn about Kodak?A) It went bankrupt all of a sudden.B) It is approaching its downfall.C) It initiated the digital revolution in the film industry.D) It is playing a dominant role in the film market.63. Why does the author mention Kodak's invention of the first digital camera?A) To show its early attempt to reinvent itself.B) To show its effort to overcome complacency.C) To show its quick adaptation to the digital revolution.D) To show its will to compete with Japan's Fuji photo.64. Why do large companies have difficulty switching to new markets?A) They find it costly to give up their existing assets.B) They tend to be slow in confronting new challenges.C) They are unwilling to invest in new technology.D) They are deeply stuck in their glorious past.65. What does the author say Kodak's history has become?A) A burden.B) A mirror.C) A joke.D) A challenge.66. What was Kodak's fatal mistake?A) Its blind faith in traditional photography.B) Its failure to see Fuji photo's emergence.C) Its refusal to sponsor the 1984 Olympics.D) Its overconfidence in its corporate culture.练习四（2014年6月英语四级考试真题）Passage OneQuestions 56 to 60are based on the following passage.The question of whether our government should promote science and technology or the liberal arts in higher education isn't an either/or proposition(命题)，although the current emphasis on preparing young Americans for STEM (science, technology, engineering, maths)----related fields can make it seem that way.The latest congressional report acknowledges the critical importance of technicaltraining, but also asserts that the study of the humanities (人文学科)and social sciences must remain central components of America's educational system at all levels. Both are critical to producing citizens who can participate effectively in our democratic society, become innovative (创新的) leaders, and benefit from the spiritual enrichment that the reflection on the great ideas of mankind over time provides.Parents and students who have invested heavily in higher education worry about graduates' job prospects as technological advances and changes in domestic and global markets transform professions in ways that reduce wages and cut jobs. Under these circumstances, it's natural to look for what may appear to be the most “practical” way out of the problem “Major in a subject designed to get you a job” seems the obvious answer to some, though this ignores the fact that many disciplines in the humanities characterized as “soft” often, in fact, lead to employment and success in the long run. Indeed, according to surveys, employers have expressed a preference for students who have received a broadly-based education that has taught them to write well, think critically, research creatively, and communicate easily.Moreover, students should be prepared not just for their first job, but for their 4th and 5th jobs, as there's little reason to doubt that people entering the workforce today will be called upon to play many different roles over the course of their careers. The ones who will do the best in this new environment will be those whose educations have prepared them to be flexible. The ability to draw upon every available tool and insight----picked up from science, arts, and technology—to solve the problems of the future, and take advantage of the opportunities that present themselves, will be helpful to them and the United States.56. What does the latest congressional report suggest?A) STEM-related subjects help students find jobs in the information society.B) The humanities and STEM subjects should be given equal importance.C) The liberal arts in higher education help enrich students' spiritual life.D) Higher education should be adjusted to the practical needs of society.57. What is the main concern of students when they choose a major?A) Their interest in relevant subjects.B) The academic value of the courses.C) The quality of education to receive.D) Their chances of getting a good job.58. What does the author say about the so called soft subjects?A) They benefit students in their future life.B) They broaden students' range of interests.C) They improve students' communication skills.D) They are essential to students' healthy growth.59. What kind of job applicants do employers look for?A) Those who have a strong sense of responsibility.B) Those who are good at solving practical problems.C) Those who are likely to become innovative leaders.D) Those who have received a well-rounded education.60. What advice does the author give to college students?A) Seize opportunities to tap their potential.B) Try to take a variety of practical courses.C) Prepare themselves for different job options.D) Adopt a flexible approach to solving problems.Passage TwoQuestions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.Energy independence. It has a nice ring to it. Doesn't it? If you think so, you're not alone, because energy independence has been the dream of American president for decades, and never more so than in the past few years, when the most recent oil price shock has been partly responsible for kicking off the great recession.“Energy independence” and its rhetorical (修辞的) companion “energy security” are, however, slippery concepts that are rarely though through. What is it we want independence from, exactly?Most people would probably say that they want to be independent from imported oil. But there are reasons that we buy all that old from elsewhere.The first reason is that we need it to keep our economy running. Yes, there is a trickle（涓涓细流）of biofuel（生物燃料）available, and more may become available, but most biofuels cause economic waste and environmental destruction.Second, Americans have basically decided that they don't really want to produce all their own oil. They value the environmental quality they preserve over their oil imports from abroad. Vast areas of the United States are off-limits to oil exploration and production in the name of environmental protection. To what extent are Americans really willing to endure the environmental impacts of domestic energy production in order to cut back imports?Third, there are benefits to trade. It allows for economic efficiency, and when we buy things from places that have lower production costs than we do, we benefit. And although you don't read about this much, the United States is also a large exporter of oil products, selling about 2 million barrels of petroleum products per day to about 90 countries.There is no question that the United States imports a great deal of energy and, in fact, relies on that steady flow to maintain its economy. When that flow is interrupted, we feel the pain in short supplies and higher prices, At the same time, we derive massive economic benefits when we buy the most affordable energy on the world market and when we engage in energy trade around the world.61. What does the author say about energy independence for America?A) It sounds very attractive.B) It ensures national security.C) It will bring oil prices downD) It has long been everyone's dream.62. What does the author think of biofuels?A) They keep America's economy running healthily.B) They prove to be a good alternative to petroleum.。
英语四级仔细阅读方法和技巧
• had to be answered with any commercial consequence was when the laying of a telegraph cable from Europe to America was proposed. The engineers had to know the depth profile( 轮廓)of the route to estimate the length of cable that had to be manufactured. It was to Maury of US Navy that the Atlantic Telegraph Company turned, in 1853 , for information on this matter. In the 1840s,Maury had been responsible for encouraging voyages during which soundings(试探)were taken investigate the depths of the North Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. Later, some of his findings aroused much popular interest in his book The Physical Geography of the Sea. The cable was laid , but not until 1866 was the connection made permanent and reliable. At the early attempts, the cable failed and when it was taken out for repairs it was found to be covered in living growths, a fact which defied contemporary scientific opinion that there was no life in the deeper parts of the sea.
大学四级英语仔细阅读专项习题附答案
大学四级英语仔细阅读专项习题(一)Of the thousands of different kinds of animals that exist in the world man has learned to make friends with an enormous number. Some are pets, and offer him companionship; some give protection, and some do hard work which man cannot do for himself. Dogs, which serve man in all three capacities, are found in various breeds in all countries of the world. The Husky can live in the cold polar regions, and the Saluki is at home in the hottest parts of Central Africa. The inhabitants of certain countries are dependent for their very lives on the camel. In the West Indies the little donkey, strong and sure-footed, carrying heavy loads even in mountainous places, is a familiar sight.来源：考试大Trained and tamed for many generations, domestic animals are not accustomed to roaming(到处走动) in search of food and shelter. They look to their masters to provide for their needs, and as long as these are supplied, they are content to do what their masters require.All domestic animals need proper food. It must be suitable for them, sufficient in quantity, fresh and clean. Some people feed a pet dog or cat on odds and ends of table scraps, and then wonder why the animal seems listless(倦怠的) and dull. The quantity of food depends on the size of the animal and the amount of exercise it takes. Overfeeding is as bad as underfeeding. Containers for food and water must be washed regularly if the animal is to maintain good health.Even well cared for animals may sometimes fall ill. If this happens, the wise master seeks the best advice he can get. All sorts of medicines and treatments are available for sick animals, and in some countries organizations exist to provide them free or at a cheap price. Useful, friendly, hardworking animals deserve to have some time, money and attention spent on their health.1. What main idea does the author want to convey in the first paragraph?A) There exists thousands of species of animals in the world.B) Man came to establish a close relationship with a number of animals.C) In some regions a donkey seems to be a very useful beast.D) An animal will be useless unless domesticated.2. When an animal is underfed, it will probably ____.A) refuse to obey its masterB) immediately fall illC) require its master to offer some foodD) seek for food on its own3. Which of the following is NOT true of dogs according to the passage?A) They can act as friends, guards, and servants to man.B) They have great adaptation for the environment.C) There live a great variety of breeds of dogs on the globe.D) The Husky and the Saluki are the strongest breed ever known in the world.4. To keep a domestic animal physically fit, its owner is advised ____.A) not to hesitate to spend enormous amount of money on itB) to pay attention to its proper feedingC) not to allow it to take excessive amounts of exerciseD) to join some sort of pet-keeping organizations5. Which of the following would be best TITLE for this passage?A) Domesticated Animals - Man’s Best Fr iendB) Proper Diet - the Road to HealthC) The Advantages of Raising Domestic AnimalsD) Some Tips on Pet-keeping大学四级英语仔细阅读专项习题答案1.B)Man came to establish a close relationship with a number of animals. 黑体部分为第一段两个要点，A只包含了一个要点，C只提到了一头驴。
四级英语仔细阅读训练题及答案
四级英语仔细阅读训练题及答案在英语四级中，仔细阅读占有相当大的分值，加强英语仔细阅读的练习尤为重要。
下面店铺为大家带来四级英语仔细阅读训练题，欢迎大家阅读练习。
四级英语仔细阅读训练题原文：By almost any measure, there is a boom in Internet-based instruction. In just a few years, 34 percent of American universities have begun offering some form of distance learning (DL), and among the larger schools, it’s close to 90 percent. If you doubt the popularity of the trend, you probably haven’t heard of the University of Phoenix. It grants degrees entirely on the basis of online instruction. It enrolls 90,000 students, a statistic used to support its claim to be the largest private university in the country.While the kinds of instruction offered in these programs will differ, DL usually signifies a course in which the instructors post syllabi (课程大纲), reading assignment, and schedules on Websites, and students send in their assignments by e-mail. Generally speaking, face-to-face communication with an instructor is minimized or eliminated altogether.The attraction for students might at first seem obvious. Primarily, there’s the convenience promised by courses on the Net: you can do the work, as they say, in your pajamas (睡衣). But figures indicate that the reduced effort results in a reduced commitment to the course. While dropout rate for all freshmen at American universities is around 20 percent, the rate for online students is 35 percent. Students themselves seem to understand the weaknesses inherent in the setup. In a survey conducted for Cornell, the DL division of Cornell University, less than a third ofthe respondents expected the quality of the online course to be as good as the classroom course.Clearly, from the schools’ perspective, there’s a lot of money to be saved. Although some of the more ambitious programs require new investments in servers and networks to support collaborative software, most DL courses can run on existing or minimally upgraded (升级) systems. The more students who enroll in a course but don’t come to camp us, the more school saves on keeping the lights on in the classrooms, paying doorkeepers, and maintaining parking lots. And, while there’s evidence that instructors must work harder to run a DL course for a variety of reasons, they won’t be paid any more, and might well be paid less.四级英语仔细阅读训练题：57. What is the most striking feature of the University of Phoenix?A) All its courses are offered online.B) Its online courses are of the best quality.C) It boasts the largest number of students on campusD) Anyone taking its online courses is sure to get a degree.58.According to the passage , distance learning is basically characterized by_____A) a considerable flexibility in its academic requirementsB) the great diversity of students’ academic backgroundsC) a minimum or total absence of face-to-face instructionD) the casual relationship between students and professors59. Many students take Internet -based courses mainly because they can_____A) earn their academic degrees with much less effortB) save a great deal on traveling and boarding expensesC) select courses from various colleges and universitiesD) work on the required courses whenever and wherever60. What accounts for the high drop-out rates for online students?A) There is no strict control over the academic standards of the courses.B) The evaluation system used by online universities is inherently weak.C) There is no mechanism to ensure that they make the required effort.D) Lack of classroom interaction reduces the effectiveness of instruction.61. According to the passage, universities show great enthusiasm for DL programs for the purpose of_____A) building up their reputationB) cutting down on their expensesC) upgrading their teaching facilitiesD) providing convenience for student四级英语仔细阅读训练题答案：57. A. All its courses are offered online.58. C. a minimum or total absence of face-to-face instruction.59. D. work on the required courses whenever and wherever.60. C. There is no mechanism to ensure that they make the required effort.61. B. cutting down on their expenses.。
英语四级阅读：仔细阅读答题步骤
英语四级阅读：仔细阅读答题步骤英语四级阅读：仔细阅读答题步骤对于四级考试中的重头戏——仔细阅读部分，经常有同学不知从何下手。
下面我们就针对仔细阅读分析一下解题步骤，大家可以对照学习一下！(1) 细节题1. 仔细阅读题目，弄清题目的具体要求，以及所给4个选项。
2. 在题目或选项中确定关键词，再利用关键词回文章中定位，找出文章中相对应的细节性句子，与4个选项进行对照，以确定正确答案。
(2) 主旨题1. 确定文章有无主题句，以及主题句在文章中的位置。
2. 如有主题句，就能很容易确定文章或段落的主题。
3. 如没有明显的主题句，就带着问题细读文章的首段和尾段找出其中心，抓住每个段落的主题句，明确文章的中心思想。
(3) 推理题1. 对某个细节进行推断---先在文中找到该细节所在的句子，在正确理解该句的基础上推断出未知的事实。
2 . 根据文章推测作者的观点、目的、态度和思路---先确定文章的中心思想，再根据中心和作者所陈述的事实及细节进行推断。
3 . 推断文章中没出现的前一段或下一段的内容---仔细阅读并理解了文章内容的'基础上，重点分析文章的首、尾两段尤其是文章的开始句和结束句。
(4) 语义题1 . 找到该词或短语所在的句子。
2 . 确定词性以及单词、短语等在句子中所起的语法作用，明确整个句子的含义。
3 . 对上下文进行分析，确定上下文中是否有该词的定义、同义词、近义词或反义词，从而可以判断出正确答案。
4 . 根据上下文逻辑关系，联系日常生活中的有关常识，分析出合理的场景因素推断单词或短语的含义。
(5) 观点态度题1 . 注意文中带有感情色彩的词，通过这些词可以推测出作者对所论述问题的态度。
2 . 注意作者对文章所论述问题的客观描述，通过这些描述推测出作者对其的看法和态度。
四级仔细阅读五大重点题型
四级仔细阅读五大重点题型仔细阅读是英语四级考试的一大重点，而在仔细阅读中，有五种题型是需要特别关注和熟悉的。
本文将介绍四级仔细阅读五大重点题型，并提供相应的解题技巧。
一、细节理解题细节理解题是仔细阅读中最常见的题型之一。
这种题型要求考生通过阅读文章，找出相关信息，回答相应的问题。
解答这类题型的关键是注意细节，同时运用排除法。
在阅读题目和选项时，要仔细对照文章，排除干扰选项，找出正确答案。
二、观点态度题观点态度题是仔细阅读中较为复杂的题型，需要考生理解文章的观点、态度等主观因素，然后根据题目要求选择正确答案。
在解答这类题型时，考生需要注意文章的情感色彩和修辞手法，从而推断出作者的观点和态度。
三、词义推测题词义推测题要求考生通过上下文的暗示或提示，推测出某个词语的含义。
这种题型考察考生的词汇积累和语言推理能力。
在解答这类题型时，考生可以借助上下文的语境和其他线索，推断出词语的意思。
四、段落大意题段落大意题要求考生通过理解整个段落的内容，选出最能概括段落大意的选项。
解答这类题型时，考生可以先快速阅读各个段落的首尾句，了解段落的主题和核心内容，然后再选择最能概括整个段落的选项。
五、综合理解题综合理解题是仔细阅读中较为综合和综合考察考生阅读能力的题型。
这种题型要求考生综合运用各种阅读技巧，理解文章的整体结构和主题思想，然后选择正确的答案。
在解答这类题型时，考生需要对文章进行整体把握，注重段落之间的关联和过渡。
通过对四级仔细阅读五大重点题型的介绍，相信同学们已经对仔细阅读中的常见题型有了较为清晰的认识。
在备考过程中，同学们可以重点针对这五个题型进行练习，构建相应的解题技巧，提高答题准确率。
只有熟悉并理解这些题型的出题规律，才能更好地应对考试，取得好成绩。
最后提醒同学们，除了熟悉题型和解题技巧外，平时还要多进行英语阅读训练，提高阅读能力。
通过大量的阅读练习，积累词汇和短语，提高对句子结构和上下文的理解能力，从而为仔细阅读的考试做好充分准备。
大学英语四级篇章仔细阅读60篇
大学英语四级篇章仔细阅读60篇篇章仔细阅读为两篇300～400词的多项选择题型的短文理解测试，每篇文章后有5个题目，要求考生从四个选项中选择符合原文和题干要求的答案。
该部分考查考生辨别和理解文章的中心思想和重要细节的能力，包括理解明确表达的概念或细节，理解隐含表达的概念或细节(如总结、判断、推论等)，通过判断句子的交际功能(如请求、拒绝、命令等)来理解文章意思，理解文章的中心思想(如找出能概括全文的要点等)，理解作者的观点和态度。
4.1大学英语四级篇章仔细阅读答题攻略一、命题考点及规律通过分析四级历年真题可以发现，篇章阅读在设置题目的时候，往往针对文中以下几个方面命题：1．强调处、绝对处、最高处、the only… 或only在句首做状语例：... When planes fall from the sky, as a Yemeni airliner did on its way to Comoros Islands in the India Ocean June 30, 2009, the black box is the best bet for identifying what went wrong. So when a French submarine (潜水艇) detected the device’s homing signal five days later, the discovery marked a huge step toward determining the cause of a tragedy in which 152 passengers were killed.（2010年6月）58. What information could be found from the black box on the Yemeni airliner?A) Data for analyzing the cause of the crash.B) The total number of passengers on board.C) The scene of the crash and extent of the damage.D) Homing signals sent by the pilot before the crash.【解析】该部分介绍了黑匣子在探寻也门客机坠毁原因上所起到的重大作用。
英语四级仔细阅读训练题附答案
英语四级仔细阅读训练题附答案In the United States, it is not customary to telephone somenone very early in the morning. If you telephone him early in the day, while he is shaving or having breakfast, the time of the call shows that the matter is very important and requires immediate attention. The same meaning is attached to telephone calls made after 11:00 p. m.. If someone receives a call during sleeping hours, he assumes it's a matter of life or death. The time chosen for the call communicates its importance.In social life, time plays a very important part. In the U. S. A. guests tend to feel they are not highly regarded if the invitation to a dinner partyis extended only three or four days before the party date. But it is not truein all countries. In other areas of the world, it may be considered foolish to make an appointment too far in advance because plans which are made for a date more than a week away tend to be forgotten. The meaning of thime differs in different parts of the world. Thus, misunderstandings arise between peopelfrom cultures that treat time differently. Promptness is valued highly in American life, for edample. If people are not prompt, they may be regarded as impolite or not fully responsible. In the U. S. no noe would think of keepinga business associate waiting for an hour, it would be too impolite. A person who is 5 minutes late, he will say a few words of explanation, though perhaps he will not complete the sentence.1."The same meaning is attached to telephone calls made after 11:00 p. m.."Here" attached" means ________a. takenb. drawnc. givend. shown2. Supposing one wants to make a telephone call at dawn, this would mean________.a. the matter is importantb. the matter is somewhat importantc. the matter requires immediate attentiond. it is a matter of life and death3. According to this passage, time plays an important role in ________.a. everyday lifeb. shool lifec. communicationsd. private life4. The best title for this passage is ________.a. the voices of timeb. the importance of timec. the importance of an ammouncementd. time and tide wait for no man5. According to the passage, the author of the article may agree to whichof the following statements?a. It is appropriate to send your invitation cards three or four daysbefore a dinner party date in U. S. A.b. It may be appropriate to send your invitation to your guests three or four days before a dinner party date in some cultures.c. It is best for one to make telephone calls at night because it costs much less.d. If one is less than 5 minutes late, he has to make a short apology.cdcabLiberia, the oldest independent Negro state in West A frica, has been struggling for survial ever since its foundation in 1822. Progress has been hampered by constant hostility between the American Negroes whose families returned there in the early 19th century, and the West Africans whoseancestors never left the continent. Though the two groups are of the same race, they are divided by language and outlook and regard each other with deep suspicion creating a conflict which was not foreseen by Liberia's founders.In addition, neighboring states, native tribel, disease, and poverty have made life dangerous and difficult. The government has tried desperately, through loans and a trickle of trade, to make ends meet. Anxiety about financial matters lessened somewhat when, in 1910, the United States accepted responsibility for Liberia's sruvival. However, not until Harvey Firestone, the American rubber king, decided that the United States must produce itsown rubber - with Liberia as the site of the rubber plantations - did liberia have much hope of paying its debts and balancing its budget.The rubber industry, founded in the 1920's, and the activity that followed it brought both progerss and profit to Liberia. Before that time Liberia had no roads, no mechanical transport and no good port; its people had little education and few tools. Liberians feel that the country is being ruled by rubber. For this reason, the recent discovery of iron ore is important. Liberian leaders are trying to moderate the power of the ruvver industry and to estaglish the country's political and economic independence.1. Liberia has been in idffculty since its independence mainly because________.a. the american negroes do not want to help the country.b. there have been constant hostillity and suspicion between different tribes in the country.c. there haven been constant hostility and suspicion between two groups of the same tride.d. the goverment has adoped a wrong policy2."The government has tried desperately, through loans and a trickle of trade, to make ends meet."to make ends meet" means ________.a. the goverment has to borrow money from othersb. the goverment has to lend money to othersc. the goverment doesn't have to borrow or lend moneyd. the goverment has either to borrow or to lend money3. The country's finance began to improve a bit in ________.a.1822b.1910c.1920d.1920's4. The Liberians's attitude on to improve a bit in ________.a. a total agreementb. a total disagreementc. a hostilityd. not a total agreement5. The best title for this passage is ________.a. American Negroes in West Africab. liberia - a poor countryc. liberia and its developmentd. liberia - a country with rich rubber and ironccbdc感谢您的阅读，祝您生活愉快。
cet4仔细阅读
1）表示列举或递进 and, more, moreover , more than that, furthermore, likewise, equally important, first, second, in addition 2)表示原因或结果 Because, since, as, for, because of ,due to, owing to, on grounds that, in that, now that, therefore, consequently, accordingly, as a result , result in /from
3.推理题答题技巧
在做推理题时切忌主观臆断，不要违背文章的主题，推理必须 基于文章中的具体事实细节。 虽然在文章中不能直接找到答案，但是一定要在文章中找到推 测的依据，进行合理严密的推断。
1.如果是针对文章中的某个细节进行推断，就要先在文章中找 到该细节所在的句子，在正确理解该句的基础上推断出未知的 事实。 2.如果是根据文章推测作者的观点、目的、态度和思路，应该 首先确定文章的中心思想，然后根据中心和作者所陈述的事实 及细节进行推断。 3.如果要是推断文章中没出现的前一段或下一段的内容，应在 仔细阅读并理解了文章内容的基础上，重点分析文章的首、尾 两段尤其是文章的开始句和结束句。
4.观点态度题
态度题要求我们对作者的态度(attitude)、全文的基 调(tone)、文章的出处(source)作出判断。这类问 题的提问方式有： 1. What’s the tone of the passage? 2. The author’s view is… 3. The writer’s attitude of this passage is apparently… 4. What’s the writer’s attitude to…?
四级仔细阅读解题技巧
四级仔细阅读解题技巧四级仔细阅读是英语四级考试的一部分，考察考生对文本的理解能力和解题技巧。
在这篇文章中，将介绍一些解题技巧，帮助考生在四级仔细阅读中取得更好的成绩。
一、理解文章结构在开始解题之前，首先需要理解文章的结构。
仔细阅读通常由三个段落组成，每个段落都围绕一个具体主题展开讨论。
理解文章的结构可以帮助考生更好地定位问题，提高解题效率。
二、抓住关键词在阅读时，要注意抓住关键词。
文章中的关键词通常与问题中的关键词相对应，通过抓住关键词，可以帮助考生更快地找到相关信息，解决问题。
三、注意细节信息细节信息在四级仔细阅读中非常重要。
考生需要仔细阅读文章，注意文中的事实细节以及人物、地点、时间等相关信息。
这些细节信息有助于回答问题，确保答案的准确性。
四、分析问题类型在解答问题之前，考生需要先分析问题的类型。
四级仔细阅读的问题类型多样，包括主旨题、事实细节题、词汇理解题等。
通过对问题类型的准确分析，可以更好地找到相关信息，答对问题。
五、利用排除法在遇到难题时，可以利用排除法来缩小答案范围。
排除法是通过对选项逐一检查，判断其是否与文章信息相符，最终确定正确答案的方法之一。
通过排除干扰选项，可以提高答题准确率。
六、练习阅读技巧提高阅读技巧需要不断的练习。
可以通过做一些模拟试题来熟悉四级仔细阅读的题型和解题技巧。
在练习过程中，要注意时间控制，逐渐提高阅读速度和准确性。
七、多读英文文章在日常生活中，多读一些英文文章可以提高英语阅读能力。
可以选择一些与考试相关的文章进行阅读，培养对英文文章的理解能力和阅读习惯，提升解题能力。
综上所述，四级仔细阅读解题技巧的掌握对于取得好成绩是至关重要的。
通过理解文章结构，抓住关键词，注意细节信息，分析问题类型，利用排除法，练习阅读技巧以及多读英文文章，考生可以提高解题准确性和速度，取得优异成绩。
希望以上技巧能对考生们在四级仔细阅读中有所帮助。
2023年12月四级仔细阅读
一、概述xxx的大学英语四级考试即将到来，其中仔细阅读是考试的重要组成部分。
本文旨在对此次考试的仔细阅读部分进行分析和预测，以帮助考生更好地备考。
二、历年考题分析1. 通常情况下，仔细阅读部分包括3篇短文，每篇短文后面都有一些相关的问题，考察考生对文章内容的理解和分析能力。
2. 从历年的考题分析来看，仔细阅读的试题类型涵盖了主旨大意、细节理解、词汇理解以及推理判断等方面。
三、预测本次考试可能出现的题型1. 主旨大意类题目本次考试有可能出现一些要求考生从整篇文章的内容中把握其主旨大意的题目。
考生在备考时需要提前做好相关的练习，培养自己的整体理解和归纳能力。
2. 细节理解类题目经常会出现考生需要从文章中找出具体信息的题目，因此考生需要在备考时注重提高阅读速度和提炼关键信息的能力。
3. 词汇理解类题目考生需要在备考时关注一些常见的考点词汇，以提高自己的词汇积累和理解能力。
4. 推理判断类题目推理判断类题目考查考生的逻辑推理能力，需要考生具备扎实的逻辑思维和分析能力。
四、备考建议1. 提前做足题型练习针对不同类型的题目，考生需要提前做好针对性的练习，熟悉题目的要求和解题思路。
2. 多读英文文章通过学习阅读英文文章，考生可以提高自己的英文阅读能力，扩大自己的词汇量和理解能力。
3. 注重阅读速度在备考过程中，考生需要逐步提高自己的阅读速度，以应对考试中的时间压力。
4. 注意答题技巧在考试过程中，考生需要注意答题技巧，如排除干扰选项、关注文章的逻辑关系等，提高自己的答题效率。
五、总结仔细阅读是大学英语四级考试的重要组成部分，考生需要在备考过程中注重题型练习、英文阅读和阅读速度的提高，以更好地应对考试。
希望考生们能够在此次考试中取得理想的成绩，为自己的英语学习之路画上圆满的句号。
六、应对考试压力1. 针对考试时可能面临的时间压力，考生在备考过程中可以模拟真实考试环境，进行一定时间内的模拟练习，以适应考试的时间紧迫感。
四级考试仔细阅读的五大重点题型
四级考试仔细阅读的五大重点题型这五大题型分别为细节题、推断题、主旨题、态度题、语义题。
一、细节题
细节题占整个仔细阅读的大部分分值，一般是对原文的具体某一事实性内容进行考查，可大致分为事实细节题和原因细节题两类。
该题型需牢牢把握题干中出现的关键词，再定位到原文进行查找，答案通常紧紧围绕定位句呈现。
二、推断题
根据题干表现形式，可分为细节推理、段落推理和全文推理。
文章不会明说答案，需要对定位句或定位段进行推理，来推导出正确答案。
虽说是推理，同义改写的内容会比细节题多得多，因此还是要以原文为依据。
三、主旨题
题干特点：出现subject、summarize、main idea、mainly about、best title、primarily about、main topic等表述
四、态度题
题干/选项特点：题干出现attitude、opinion、view等表示观点的词汇，选项出现四个表示态度的词汇
五、语义题
所谓语义题就是从文章的某句话中选出一个单词、短语或词组进行提问，要求考生对其进行一定的分析，推测出其在文章中的特定含义。
这类题型考察到的几率非常小，简单了解即可。
英语四级仔细阅读练习及答案解析
英语四级仔细阅读练习及答案解析(1)Section CDirections：There are 2 passages in this section.Each passage isfollowed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each ofthem there are four choices marked A.，B.，C.and D..You shouM decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 56 to 60 are based on thefollowingpassage.With so many of the deaths each year from around the world directly related to poor health choices we make.world health leaders have set a goal of lowering the number of preventable deaths by 25%from 2010 rates by 2025.That would save 37 million lives over 15 years.Reporting in thejournal Lancet，public health experts note that the ways to prevent those deaths areat surprising.But acting on those strategies will take individual and political will.Heres how the experts hope to do it.Not smoke.The UN General Assembly set a target of cutting smoking around the world by 30%by 2025.Already,higher-income nations that already adopted smoking bans in public places and instituted tobacco taxes have seen drops in smoking rates，however,residents in lower-income nations continue to light up at high rates.Limit excessive drinking.While moderate amounts of alcohol have been linked to some health benefits，overindulging can increase the risk of certain cancers and liver disease，as well as contribute to high blood cating people about the risks of excessive drinking，as well as instituting taxes on alcoholic products，has been somewhat successful in curbing(遏制)abuse.Cut back on salt.High sodium (钠)diets can increase blood pressure and contribute to heart disease and stroke，and in many developed countries，people eat several times the amount the salt their bodies need.In the U.S.，the average American consumes about 800mg more salt every day than health experts consider acceptable.Promoting alternatives，such as the citric acid in lemons，to satisfy the need for salt， Call help to bring sodiunl consumption down.Get blood pressure under ck of exercise and high sodium diets contribute to hypertension(高血压)，and uncontrolled high blood pressure can lead to stroke and heart disease.Monitoring blood pressure with regular screenings，and treating elevated levels with changes in diet and exercise，or medications if necessary,are the most effective ways to address this risk factor.Address diabetes.Closely tied to the obesity epidemic(肥胖病)that now affects developing as well as developed nations，diabetes can increase the risk of heart disease，kidney disease and other conditions that can shorten life.Studies show that lifestyle changes incorporating healthy diets low in sugar and physical activity call be as effective as medications in keeping blood sugar levels in check.56.What does the author mean by sayin9“acting on those strategies will take individual and political will”(Line 4-5，para.1)?A.Both politicians and individuals wish to put the strategies into practice.B. Conducting those strategies needs to consider both personal and official will.C.Carrying out those strategies needs both individual and govemmental support.D.Either individual or government can carry out those strategies.57.What have high.income countries done to smoking?A. Banned smoking in the public and reduced tobacco taxes.B.Banned public smoking and established tobacco taxes.C. Dropped smoking rates and banned smoking in public.D. Dropped smoking rates and lowered tobacco taxes.58.What is the authors suggestion to sodium consumption?A.Eat lemons instead of excessive salt to cut down sodium consumption.B.Take in as less salt as possible for the sake of health.C. Take in at least 800mg of salt every day.D.Never take in salt but citric acid to keep fit.59.What carl you learn about hypertension from the passage?A. Moderate amount of alcoholis good for blood pressure contr01.B.American people have a less opportunity to develop hypertension.C.Regular blood pressure monitoring can reduce the risk of diabetes.D.Controlling blood pressure properly can reduce the risk of stroke and heart disease.60.What should we do to address diabetes?A.Keep a low.sugar diet.B.Take physical exercise.C. Receive drug treatment.D. All of the above.56.What does the author mean by saying“acting on those strategies will take individual and political will”(Line4.5，para.1)?作者说引号中的这句话是什么意思?A.Both politicians and individuals wish to put the strategies into practice.政府和个人都希望将这些策略投入使用。
英语四级快速阅读和仔细阅读
英语四级快速阅读和仔细阅读
英语四级考试中的快速阅读和仔细阅读是两个不同的部分，它们分别测试考生不同的阅读技能和技巧。
快速阅读（Skimming and Scanning）
快速阅读部分要求考生在15分钟内阅读一篇约1000字的文章，并完成7道选择题。
这些选择题主要测试考生对文章整体结构和内容的理解，以及筛选和获取特定信息的能力。
在快速阅读中，考生需要掌握略读（skimming）和跳读（scanning）的技巧，能够迅速找到文章的主题、关键信息和细节，并理解作者的意图和态度。
仔细阅读（Reading Comprehension）
仔细阅读部分包括两篇短文，每篇短文后有5道选择题，共10道题。
这些选择题主要测试考生对短文细节、句子意义和上下文语境的理解能力。
在仔细阅读中，考生需要仔细阅读短文，理解作者的观点、态度和意图，并能够分析句子和段落之间的关系，提取特定信息和推断隐含意义。
总体来说，英语四级考试中的快速阅读和仔细阅读要求考生具备不同的阅读技巧和技能，考生需要在备考中注重练习和掌握这些技巧，以提高阅读速度和理解能力。
2023上半年英语四级仔细阅读模拟题及答案1
2023上半年英语四级仔细阅读模拟题及答案12023上半年英语四级仔细阅读模拟题及答案(1)There is evidence that the usual variety of high blood pressure is, in part, a familial disease. Since families have similar genes as well as similar environments, familial diseases could be due to shared genetic influences, to shared environmental factors, or to both. For some years, the role of oneenvironment factor commonly shared by families, namely dietary salt (i.e., sodium chloride), has been studied at Brookhaven National Laboratory. These studies suggest that long excess salt intake can lead to high blood pressure in man and animals. Some individuals, however, and some rats consume large amounts of salt without developing high blood pressure. No matter how strictly all environmental factors were controlled in these experiments, some salt-fed animals never developed hypertension whereas a few rapidly developed very severe hypertension followed by early death. These marked variations were interpreted to result from differences in genetic constitution.By mating long successive generations of those animals that failed to develop hypertension from salt intake, a resistant strain (the " R" strain) has been evolved in which consumption of large quantities of salt fails to influence the blood pressure significantly. In contrast, by mating only animals that quickly develop hypertension from salt, sensitive strain (the "S" strain) has also been developed.The availability of these two strains permits investigations possible. They provide a plausible laboratory model on which to investigate some clinical aspects of the human hypertension. More important, there might be the possibility of developing methods by which genetic susceptibility (敏感性) of human beings to high blood pressure can be defined without waiting for its appearance. Radioactive sodium 22 was an important "tool" in working out the characteristics of the sodium chloride metabolism.21. The study of the effects of salt on high blood pressure was carried out_______.A. as members of the same family tend to use similar amounts of saltB. to explore the long-term use of a sodium based substanceC. because it was proven that salt caused high blood pressureD. because of the availability of chemically pure salt and its derivatives22. The main difference between "S" and "R" rats is their_______.A. need for sodium 22B. rate of matingC. reaction to saltD. type of blood23. We can infer from the article that sodium 22 can be used to_______.A. control high blood pressureB. cure high blood pressure caused by saltC. tell the "S" rats from the "R" ratsD. determine what a sodium chloride metabolism is like24. The most beneficial results of the research might be_______.A. development of diets free of saltB. an early cure for high blood pressureC. control of genetic agents that cause high blood pressureD. the early identification of potential high blood pressure victims25. Which of the statements best relates the main idea of this article?A. When salt is added rats and human beings react similarly.B. The near future will see a cure for high blood pressure.C. The medical field is desperately in need of research.D. A tendency toward high blood pressure may be a hereditary factor.答案21. A 22. C 23. D 24. D 25. D。
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根据全国大学英语四、六级考试改革方案（试行），全国大学英语四、六级考试改革项目组和考试委员会
设计了四级考试新题型测试卷，并于近日公布。
在样卷中，仔细阅读部分（Reading in Depth）占整张试
卷分值的25%。
考试题型又分为两种：A) 选择题型的篇章阅读理解；B) 篇章层次的词汇理解 (Banked Cloze)
或短句问答 (Short Answer Question)。
以下就仔细阅读部分进行一个详细地分析。
第一部分选择题型的篇章阅读理解
这部分是考生们最为熟悉的四选一的选择题。
新老试卷最大的区别就是由原来的四篇文章二十道题目
变为两篇文章十道题目。
而其他无论是从选材的特点，文章的长度，出题的思路，解题的技巧都是秉承了
传统，考生们还是应该根据历年的真题，好好复习。
从样题看，主要还是考察考生们两大能力，即主题和
定位。
要求考生读完一篇文章之后，能够抓住文章的主题，然后根据题干中的中心词迅速返回原文定位到
一句话，最后根据同义改写的原则，选出正确答案。
判定文章主题技巧
有的考生认为只要不考主旨题，就没必要了解文章的主旨。
其实这是一种很狭隘的错误认识，因为即
使不考主题题型，在任何题型当中，如果你感觉很茫然，找不到任何定位信息的时候，你所能抓住唯一的，
最后一根救命稻草就是文章的主题，题目做多了，你就会发现哪个选项和文章的主题越是接近，就越是正
确答案，所以能否判定一篇文章的主题对于解题是至关重要的。
下面就寻找文章的主题谈一些技巧。
1）读文章时重点关注文章的首段和首末句。
按照西方人习惯性的思维方式和写作习惯，他们惯用的是演
绎法：即文章一开始先扔出自己的核心观点，然后具体一步步论证。
根据我的统计，每一段的第一句、第
二句和最后一句话为本段的主题句的概率分别为50%、20%、20%，三句话成为主题句的概率超过九成，当
然也就成为我们阅读的重中之重。
2）关注一篇文章或者一段话中有没有重复出现的词或词组、有没有黑体字或者是斜体字。
如果有，通常
这就是文章的核心概念
3）问句不会是主题句。
问句通常作为过渡或者是引子，因此应该忽略，真正的主题应该是这个问题的答
案。
4）关注一些表征强转折关系的连词，如“but, yet, however, in fact, indeed, practically,
virtually”等，这些词后面连接的通常都是一段话的主题句。
5）关注一些表征总结性，结论性的词，如“in brief/short, above/in/after/all in all, conclusion,
to sum”等，这些词后面连接的通常也都是一段话的主题句。
6）如果主题句含有show和suggest等词，重点看其后的宾语从句。
7）掌握一些词组强调的重点，如“not only…, but also ***, *** as well as …, more *** than …,
less …, than *** （***为强调的重点）”。
第二部分篇章层次的词汇理解（Banked Cloze）
这是一种新题型，对于众多考生而言，既陌生又有一定的难度，具有较强的区分度。
从样题看，Banked Cloze 考一篇长度为220个单词左右的文章，在文章当中去除了10个单词，后面有15个单词选项，要求考生选择正确的单词填入文章。
该部分测试重点在于把握文章的结构，主要考察考生对诸如连贯性、一致性、逻辑联系等语篇、语段整体特征以及单词在实际语境中的理解，即要求考生在理解全文的基础上弄清文章的宏观结构和具体细化到每个单词的微观理解。
新题型和原本的词汇题相比，更注重实际运用，从单一的一句话考察上升到篇章的理解。
解题步骤
1）跳读全文，抓住中心
首先考生应该跳读全文，根据首段原则以及首末句原则，迅速抓出文章的主题。
判定文章主题对于篇章的整体把握具有很大的积极意义。
2）阅读选项，词性分类
接着我们要仔细阅读选项。
因为选项给我们的仅仅是一个单词，而非句子或者语段，所以考试难度就大大下降了。
我们应该根据词性把每个单词进行分类归纳。
如名词、动词、形容词、副词、介词、连词各有几个选项。
3）瞻前顾后，灵活选择
然后我们在选择时，可以根据空格中应填入的词性，大大缩小选择范围。
根据上下文的内在逻辑结构选择合适的
选项填空。
4）复读全文，谨慎调整
填空完成后，再次复读全文，自我感觉上下文是否通顺、内在逻辑关系是否连贯。
如有问题，也需要谨慎的微作
调整。
解题技巧
1）判定词性时可以重点分析动词的时态，即哪几个是一般时，哪几个是过去时又或者是过去分词。
因为根据样题，它对考生不做选项改写要求，所以我们可以根据上下文时态对应的原则，给自己进一步缩小选择范围。
2）如果选项中出现指代词时，往往该选项不能放在首句，要注意指代成立的条件。
3）如果选项中出现一组反义词时，往往有一个是干扰选项，它注重考察的是对于文章框架结构的理解，要求考
生理解整篇文章的语境色彩。
4）如果选项中出现一组近义词时，往往也有一个是干扰选项，它注重考察的是词汇的精确理解，要求考生分析
清楚其细微的区别。
5）如果选项为连词时，要关注上下句内在的逻辑关系。
常见的逻辑关系有：因果，并列平行，递进，强对比，
前后意思一致等。
6）要有总体观，不必按顺序作题。
先把自己最有把握的词选出，然后删除该选项，为吃不准的选项缩小选择范围。
样题解析
When Roberto Feliz came to the USA from the Dominican Republic, he knew only a few words of
English .Education soon became a 47. “I couldn’t understand anything,” he said. He 48 from
his teachers, came home in tears, and thought about dropping out.
A) wonder I) hid
B) acquired J) prominent
C) consistently K) decent
D) regained L) countless
E) nightmare M) recalled
F) native N) breakthrough
G) acceptance O) automatically
H) effective
首先我们跳读全文，抓住文章的中心。
整篇文章通过Roberto的成功例子来论证双语教育的好处。
我们重点分析一下第一段，首段主题是Roberto由于不懂英语，给他产生了重大的负面作用。
然后把选项进行归类，其中名词有E, G, N；动词包含A, B, D, I, M. 其中只有A为一般时，其余都是过去时；形容词包括F, H, J, K, L. 其中J和K意思相近；副词为C, O。
接着我们再读原文，第47题明显应该填入一个名词，而选项中名次只有三个，我们会发现这道题目从15选1的难度已经降为3选1了。
根据下文“I couldn’t understand anything”知道上文必应填一个不好的词，那只有选E。
第48题，首先这里要填一个动词，后半句出现了 came 和 thought，为了保持时态一致，该动词应该为一般过去式，只有 B 、 D 、 I 、 M 符合；其次，从意思上理解， hid from 有隐瞒、躲避某人的意思，所以该题答案选 I。
确定后就可以把这两个答案从15个选项中划去，以降低以后选项的难度。
大家可以根据这个方法轻松搞定后面的8
个空格。
最后我们再复读全文，发现文章非常流畅通顺，也就标志着我们大功告成了。