北师大版初中英语七年级上册知识讲解--- Unit 1 Family (句式)

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Unit 1 Family
句式精讲精练
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句式精讲
1. My cousin Anna is the same age as me.
the same… as…意为“和……一样/相同”,as前后跟同类名词、代词或副词,其反义词组为be different from…意为“与……不一样”。

例如:
I am in the same school as my younger sister. 我和我的妹妹在同一所学校。

I have the same book as yours. 我有和你一样的书。

Saying a thing is very different from doing it. 说一件事和做一件事很不相同。

2. What do the people look like?
What does/do sb. look like? 表示“某人长什么样子?”,用来询问别人的长相,回答时可用“主语+be + 形容词”或“主语+ have/has + 形容词+名词”两种方式来描述人的外表。

例如:
— What does the woman look like? 那位女士长什么样子?
—She’s tall and thin. 她又高又瘦。

—What does the girl look like? 那个女孩长什么样子?
—She has big eyes and long hair. 她有一双大眼睛,长头发。

3. There is an eraser on that desk.
本句用的是There be...句型。

There be ...句型表示的是“某处有(存在)某人或某物”,其结构为There be(is,are,was, were )+名词+地点状语。

例如:
There are fifty-two students in our class.我们班有五十二个学生。

There is a pencil in my pencil-case. 我的笔袋里有一支钢笔。

否定句:
There be句型否定句式的构成和含有be动词的其它句型一样,在be后加上“not”。

也可用“no”来表示。

即:no + n.(名词)= not a\an\any + n.(名词)。

注意:
例如:
There isn’t an orange in her bag.
=There is no orange in her bag. 她的包里没有橘子。

There aren’t any books in her bag.
=There are no books in her bag. 她的包里没有一些书。

一般疑问句:
There be结构的一般疑问句变化只需把be动词移到句首,再在句尾加上问号即可。

例如:
There is some money in her handbag. (肯定句)
在她的手提袋里有一些钱。

→ Is there any money in her handbag? (一般疑问句)
在她的手提袋里有一些钱吗?
4. Let's meet in an hour.
“let’s…”是表示建议或请求的祈使句句型,“let’s”是“let us”的缩写形式。

例如:Let’s go to school. 咱们上学吧。

Let’s play basketball after school. 咱们放学后打篮球吧。

【拓展】
let意为“让,允许”,表示“让(允许)某人做某事”应该说“let somebody do something.”,不能说“let somebody to do something.”。

例如:
Let me help you. 让我帮助你。

His mother doesn’t let him go out at night. 他母亲不让他晚上出去。

5. Do you like pop music?
Do you like sth.?意为“你喜欢某物吗?”,此句型用来询问对方喜不喜欢某事物,句中的do是助动词,无意义,用来放在句子开头帮助构成一般疑问句。

作简略回答时,肯定结构要用do,否定结构用don't。

例如:
—Do you like English? 你喜欢英语吗?
—Yes, I do. / No, I don't. 是的,我喜欢。

/ 不,我不喜欢。

6. Whose birthday is soon?
whose疑问代词,意为“谁的”。

以whose开头的特殊疑问句,表示“……是谁的?”,所提问的对象是所有者,它既可以充当形容词性物主代词,也可以充当名词性物主代词。

whose作为形容词性物主代词,可以对my, your, his, her, our, their, Jim’s, Jenny’s等形容词性物主代词或名词所有格进行提问,在句中作定语,后面须有一个名词,此时用“Whose+…+be+主语?”结构。

例如:
These are their sweaters. 这些是他们的毛衣。

(就划线部分提问)
Whose sweater are these?这些是谁的毛衣?
7. Here is an example.
在英语中,副词here,there等放于句首时常使用倒装语序。

例如:
Look, here comes the bus. 看,公共汽车来了!
在此结构中,当主语是名词时完全倒装,即:强调部分+谓语+主语;当主语是代词时不倒装。

例如:
Here comes Daisy. Daisy来了。

Here he is. 他在这儿。

8. It makes us happy.
make作使役动词,意为“使……;让……”讲时,常构成make + 宾语(sb./sth.) + 形容词/名词(作宾补),即make sb. / sth. + adj./n.。

例如:
What he said makes us happy. 他所说的话使我们很高兴。

We made John our monitor. 我们选约翰当班长。

【拓展】
make作使役动词,还可后接省略to的动词不定式,即:make sb. do sth. 意为“使/让某人做某事”,类似的动词还有let,have等。

例如:
The boss made them work for long time. 老板让他们长时间工作。

They made us forget past. 他们使我们忘记了过去。

句式精练
I.句型转换,每空一词。

1. Tom is Mary's husband. (对划线部分提问)
_________ is Mary's husband?
2. Nick and Jack do their homework after school. (改为否定句)
Nick and Jack _________ _________ their homework after school.
3. She is thirteen years old. Anna is thirteen years old, too. (合并为一句)
She is _________ _________ _________ _________ Anna.
4. She's an art teacher. (改为一般疑问句)
_________ _________ an art teacher?
5. My grandfather is old but strong. (对划线部分提问)
_________ _________ your grandfather _________ _________?
6. His father likes cooking. (对划线部分提问)
_________ _________ his father _________?
7. I like computer games. (改为否定句)
I _________ _________ computer games.
8. The girl is my sister. (对划线部分提问)
_________ _________ the girl?
II. 连词成句。

(注意大小写及标点符号)
1. Betty, a dog, has, my, granddaughter
_______________________________________________________.
2. like, and, I, my, a lot, husband, Sam
________________________________________________________.
3. the same, is, my, as, me, cousin, age
________________________________________________________.
4. a doctor, our, wants to be, Betty, daughter
________________________________________________________.
5. them, my, and, I, wife, visit, often
________________________________________________________.
III.根据汉语提示,完成句子。

1. 这个用英语怎么说?
What's this _________ _________?
2. 这些礼物使我开心。

The presents _________ _________ _________.
3. 你可以叫我琳达。

You _________ _________ _________ Linda.
4. 他的姓氏是詹姆斯。

His _________ _________ is James.
5. 他白天睡觉,通宵工作。

He sleeps _________ _________, but works _________ _________.
6. 她长得怎么样?
_________ does she _________ _________?
7. Tom 和我一样大。

Tom is the _________ age _________ me.
8. 让我们一小时以后见。

_________ _________ in an hour.
IV.补全对话。

(2016 重庆第一中学期中)
阅读下面的对话,从方框内7个选项中选择5个恰当的句子完成此对话。

1 Are you Harry?
B 2My first name is David, and my last name is Clark.
A Oh, I see. You are David Clark.
B Yes. You can call me David.
A Hi, David. I am Jenny.3
B Nice to meet you, too.4
A White.
B 5
A It's 6778-9854. Well, have a good day!
B Thanks! You, too. Bye!
1. _________
2. _________
3._________
4._________
5. _________
【参考答案】
I.句型转换,每空一词。

1. Who
2. don't do
3. the same age as
4. Is she
5. What does; look like
6. What does; like
7. don't like
8. Who is
II.连词成句。

(注意大小写及标点符号)
1. My granddaughter Betty has a dog
2. My husband and I like Sam a lot
3. My cousin is the same age as me
4. Our daughter Betty wants to be a doctor
5. My wife and I often visit them
III.根据汉语提示,完成句子。

1. in English
2. make me happy
3. can call me
4. family name/last name
5. all day; all night
6. What; look like
7. same; as
8. Let's meet
IV.补全对话。

1. F
2. E
3. A
4. C
5. G
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