动物医学专业外语常见词汇

常用后缀
简单后缀：ia（2）状态，condition
复合后缀：-emia -algia -(o)rrhagia -ectasia -malacia -odynia -plegia
-uria -penia
1.-penia 缺乏deficiency, lack
e.g leucopenia白细胞减少症erythropenia红细胞减少lymphopenia淋巴球减少症thrombopenia血小板减少症
2. -uria 尿症urine condition
e.g hematuria血尿症albuminuria 蛋白尿
3.-plegia 麻痹瘫痪stroke，paralysis
e.g thermoplegia热射病paraplegia瘫痪下身麻痹hemiplegia半身麻痹半身不遂
4.-odynia pain
e.g cardiodynia心痛胸痛hepatodynia肝痛enterodynia 肠痛
5.-algia pain
e.g Arthralgia 关节痛Neuralgia神经痛gastralgia 胃痛
6.-malacia softening 软化
e.g osteomalacia 骨软化encephalomalacia 脑软化
7.-ectasia or -ectasis 扩张stretching, dilatation 膨胀扩张
e.g nephrectasia肾扩张angiectasis 血管扩张bronchiectasis支气管扩张
8.-emia 血症blood condition
e.g leukemia白血病bacteremia菌血症septicemia 败血症hypercholesterolemia血胆脂醇过多
9.-orrhagia 出血discharge of blood
e.g hemorrhage大出血gastrorrhagia 胃出血enterorrhagia肠出血hepatorrhagia肝出血
简单后缀
-y：condition，act，process
复合后缀
-metry -otomy -ectomy -graphy
-iatry -ology-pexy，-plasty
-(o)rrhaphy -stomy -scopy -megaly
10.-scopy 镜检examination，process of examining visually
e.g laryngoscopy喉镜检查bronchoscopy支气管镜检查法gastroscopy胃镜检查colonoscopy结肠镜检查cystoscopy膀胱镜检查
11.-ostomy 造口术process of making an opening into or a connection between
e.g colostomy结肠造口术enteroenterostomy肠肠吻合术gastrostomy gastroenterostomy胃造口术
12.-(o)rrhaphy缝术suturing，process of suturing
e.g herniorrhaphy疝缝手术
13.-plasty整形术surgical reshaping or repair
e.g arthroplasty关节造型术thoracoplasty 轮廓成形术osteoplasty骨整形术
14.-pexy 固定术 a fixing or setting firmly in place by suturing
e.g hepatopexy肝固定术omentopexy
15.-ology 学问学术act or process of studying
e.g pharmacology药理学pathology病理学physiology 生理学
16.-logist 专家师one who studies and treats
e.g urologist 泌尿科医师physiologist生理学者pathologist 病理学家
17.-iatry or –iatrics healing 医师的医疗的药物的
e.g Podiatry 足部医疗psychiatry 精神病学
18.-graphy 标记符号process of recording
e.g cardiography心动描记法pneumography肺解剖学electroencephalography脑电图学
19.-graph 图表曲线图that which records
e.g cardiograph心动电流图pneumograph呼吸描记器electroencephalograph 脑电图仪
20.-gram 图the record itself
e.g cardiogram心电图pneumogram 呼吸描记图electroencephalogram 脑电波
21.-ectomy excision,切除术process of cutting out
e.g thyroidectomy甲状腺切除术cholecystectomy 胆囊切除术appendectomy 阑尾切除术
22.-otomy oncision切开术process of cutting into
e.g thyroidotomy 甲状腺切开术gastrotomy胃切开术cystotomy膀胱切开术
23.-metry 测定法measurement
e.g dynamometry 动力测定术pelvimetry盆骨测量
24.-megaly 变大large
e.g atriomegaly 心房肥大ventriculomegaly 巨脑室splenomegaly 脾肿大hepatomegaly 肝肿大
简单后缀：-e: an instrument or suffixes of noun.
复合后缀：-scope -tome -cele -cyte
25.-tome 切的刀instrument for cutting
e.g arthrotome 关节刀
26.-cyte细胞noun marker，referring to a cell
e.g leukocyte包细胞lymphocyte淋巴细胞hepatocyte肝细胞lipocyte 脂肪细胞
27.-cele疝突出膨大hernia，herniation
e.g thyrocele 甲状腺肿hepatocele肝脏突出pneumocele肺彭出omphalocele 脐突出
28.-scope镜检instrument for viewing
e.g laryngoscope 喉镜检bronchoscope气管镜检celioscope腹腔境gastroscope 胃窥镜
29.-itis 炎症inflammation
e.g hepatitis肝炎peritonitis腹膜炎gastroenteritis肠胃炎
30.-ist 专家one who specializes in----
e.g gastroscopist胃镜医师enterologist肠病学家pathologist病理学家neuropathist 神经病学家
31.-or（er）refers to a doer, either a person or thing
e.g incisor门齿，切牙
32.-osis 症状a condition, usually abnormal or pathological
e.g sclerosis 硬化症hepatosis 肝机能病gastrosis 胃病nephrosis 肾病
33.-oma 肿瘤swelling，tumor
e.g sarcoma 肉瘤恶性肿瘤fibroma 纤维瘤hepatoma 肝细胞瘤lipoma 脂肪瘤
34.-ism a condition, usually the result of a prior condition （先决条件）
e.g embolism 栓塞栓子
35.-（i）um refers to a part in relation to a whole, related to
e.g pericardium 心包膜epigastrium腹上第一腹片bronchium 支气管
36.-ac e.g cardi/ac
37.-al e.g bronch/i/al
38.-ar e.g tonsill/ar
39.-ic e.g hepat/ic
40.-eal e.g esophag/eal
41.-ary e.g cili/ary
42-ous e.g muc/ous fibr/ous sebace/ous
43.-oid e.g cyst/oid
44.-meter仪表instrument for measuring
e.g thermometer 温度计体温计pulmometer 肺量计pulsimeter 脉搏计
45.-（o）rrhea释放排放flow，discharge
e.g diarrhea腹泻gastrorrhea胃液分泌过多
46.-lysis 溶解dissolution；decomposition
e.g Hemolysis 溶血bacteriolysis 溶菌
47.-pathy 病变disease, diseased condition
e.g ophthalmopathy hepatopathy 肝病gastropathy 胃病nephropathy 肾病
48.-blast 母细胞a cell that is undifferentiated, primitive, embryonic
e.g hemocytoblast 原始血细胞enteroblast成肠细胞fibroblast 成纤维细胞
49.-centesis穿刺术surgical puncture to withdraw fluid enterocentesis thoracocentesis
e.g amniocentesis 羊膜腔穿刺术abdominocentesis腹腔穿刺术
50.-clysis 灌肠打点滴washing, introduction of fluid for the purpose of irrigation
e.g bronchoclysis 野马灌肠
51.-ptosis 下垂症a falling, the dropping or sagging of an organ
e.g nephroptosis 肾下垂hepatoptosis 肝下垂gastroptosis 胃下垂enteroptosis 肠下垂
52.-ptysis 吐涎
e.g hemoptysis 咯血emptysis 吐血pyoptysis 咯脓
53.-（o）rrhexis破裂rupture
e.g hepatorrhexis肝破裂
54.-sclerosis 硬化症a hardening
e.g arteriosclerosis 动脉硬化hepatosclerosis 肝硬化nephrosclerosis 肾硬化
55.-stasis 静止arresting，halting
e.g bacteriostasis 细菌抑制
56.-stenosis狭窄a narrowing, a stricture
e.g Arteriostenosis 动脉狭窄
57.-emesis 呕吐
e.g emetic 催吐要antiemetic 止吐药
Word Roots
1. cor- or cardi(o)- 心的heart
--- cordiform 心形的---cordate心脏形的--- cardialgia 心痛--- cardiogram心电图
2. hepato- pref肝liver
--- hepatodynia 肝痛--- hepatoma肝细胞瘤--- hepatopathy肝病--- hepatotoxin肝毒素
3. pulmo- or pneumo- or pneumat(o)- 肺lung or air
--- pulmometry肺容量测定法--- pulmonitis 肺炎--- pneumobacillus 肺炎杆菌--- pneumonectasis 肺气肿--- pneumatolysis 肺气化--- pneumatometer 肺活量计
4. lien(o)- or spleen(o)-脾splee
--- lienitis 脾炎--- lienectomy 脾切除--- splenotomy 脾切开术--- splenomegaly 脾肿大
5. ren(o)- or nephr(o)- kidney
--- renin 肾索--- renography肾X线照相术---nephritis肾炎--- nephrolithiasis肾石病
6. oro- or stomat(o)- mouth
--- oropharynx 口咽--- oronasal口鼻的
--- stomatology 口腔病学--- stomatitis口腔炎
7. labio- or cheil(o)- lip
--- labiodental唇齿音--- labioplasty唇成形术cheilectropion唇外翻cheiloschisis唇裂
8. denti- or odonto- pref. tooth
-- dentist--- dentiscalprum牙刮---odontoprosthesis 牙体修复术—odontoseisis牙松动
9. linguo- tongue
--- lingua舌—linguiform舌装的--- lingulate 舌装的--- linguodental舌齿音
10. gingiv- or ulo- 牙龈gum
---gingivectomy龈切除术—gingivitis齿龈炎---ulorrhagia龈出血---ulorrhoea 龈糁血
11. palato- or urano- 腭palatine
---palatitis腭炎---palatogram口盖图---palatograph腭动扫描器palatography腭位图的制作
12. pharyngo- 咽pharynx
pharyngalgia咽痛pharyngocele咽囊肿pharyngoplasty咽成形术pharyngoplegia咽肌麻痹
13. laryngo- 喉larynx，throat
Laryngalgia喉痛laryngemphraxis喉阻塞laryngostenosis喉狭窄laryngoxerosis喉干燥
14. esophag(o)- 食管esophagus
Esophagectasis食管扩张esophagectopy食管异位esophagocele食管突出esophagotomy食管切开术15. gastr(o)- stomach
gastrin 胃泌激素gastrectasia胃胀gastroanastomosis胃吻合术gastroptosis胃下垂
16. enter(o)-肠intestine
enterelcosis 肠溃疡enteremphraxis肠阻塞enterorrhagia肠出血enterocolostomy 小肠结肠吻合术17. colo- or coli- or col- pref结肠. colon
colicodynia 结肠痛colimycin结肠霉素coloclysis结肠灌洗colonorrhea粘液性结肠炎
18.proct(o)- or archo-直肠rectum
Proctectomy直肠切除术proctitis 直肠炎proctoscope直肠镜- proctoscopy直肠镜观察术
19.ano-肛门anus
Anogenital肛门与生殖器的anorectal肛门直肠的anorectum肛门直肠部anoscope肛门镜
20. vesico- or cysti- or cysto- 膀胱bladder
Vesicotomy膀胱切开术cystirrhagia膀胱出血cystocele 膀胱彭出cystourethritis膀胱尿道炎
21. thoraco- chest or 胸thorax
Thoracocyllosis胸畸形thoracicolumbar 胸腰的thoracoschisis 胸裂thoracoplasty胸廓成形术
22. ventro- or coeli(o)- or laparo- 腹部belly、abdomen
Ventrotomy剖腹术coelialgia腹痛Coeliorrhaphy腹腔缝术laparotome剖腹术
23. bili- or chole-胆bile
bilichol 胆汁醇- biligenic生胆汁的cholecyst胆囊cholelithiasis胆石病
24. oculo- or ophthalmo- eye
oculist 眼科医生oculomotor 眼球运动的ophthalmoplegia眼肌麻痹ophthalmoscope检眼镜
25. lacrimo- or dacryo-眼泪tear
lacrimator 催泪物质-lacrimal 泪腺的lacrimatory agent催泪剂lacrimation 泪
26. palpebro- or blepharo-眼睑eyelid
palpebra 眼睑palpebral 眼睑的blepharochalasis 眼睑皮肤松弛症blepharospasm眼睑痉挛
27. kerato-角角质horn or comea
keratectasia 角膜膨胀keratinase 角蛋白酶keratoplasty 角膜成形术keratosis角化症
28.auri- or oto- ear
auriphone 助听器auristilla滴耳剂otorrhea耳液溢,耳漏otosclerosis 耳硬化症
29.naso- or rhino- nose
Nasitis鼻炎nasopharynx 鼻咽rhinocleisis鼻腔闭塞rhinocnesmus 鼻痒
30.broncho- or bronch- 支气管pref. bronchus; bronchial
Bronchiectasis支气管扩张bronchiolitis细支气管炎bronchorrhagia支气管出血bronchospasm支气管痉挛31. gonado- 生殖腺seed
Gonadectomy性腺切除术gonadotrophin 促性腺激素gonadotrope 生殖腺
32. andro- 男的雄性的male
androcentrism大男子主义androgen 雄激素andrology 男科学androsterone 雄淄酮
33. gyne- or gyneco- female
Gynecic女性的gynecium 雌蕊雌蕊群gynecologist 妇科医生gynecopathy 妇科病
34. vagino- or colpo- 阴道vagina
Vaginectomy阴道切除术vaginotomy阴道切开术colpoptosis阴道下垂colporrhaphy阴道缝合术
35. oophor- 卵巢ovary
Oophorectomy卵巢切除术oophorectomize切除。

的卵巢oophoritis卵巢炎-oopororrhaphy
36. oo- 卵子egg or ovum
ooblast 成卵细胞oocyte 卵母细胞oogamete雌配子- oogenesis 成卵法
37. utero- or hystero- or metro-子宫womb or uterus-
uterometer 子宫测量仪uterometry子宫测量法hysteroptosis子宫下垂
hysteromyoma子宫肌瘤metralgia子宫痛metrorrhagia子宫出血
38.mammo- or masto-乳头乳房breast
mammalogy 哺乳动物血- mammotropin催乳激素mastatrophy乳腺萎缩mastoscirrhus乳腺硬化
39.omphalo- or umbilico-脐带的umbilicus
omphalitis 脐炎omphalocele脐突出omphalotomy断脐术- umbiliform 其状的
40. os- or osseo- or osteo- bone
osphyarthrosis 髋关节炎- ossein骨胶原osseomucoid骨粘蛋白
osseous tissue 骨组织osteoarthropathy 骨关节病--- osteonecrosis 骨坏死
41. myelo- 骨髓marrow
myelatrophy 骨髓萎缩myelemia 骨髓生白血病myeloblastoma 成髓细胞瘤myeloparalysis脊髓麻痹42.chondro-软骨的cartilage
Chondrification软骨化chondrin软骨素chondroclasis软骨破裂chondrodystrophy 软骨营养障碍
43. myo- muscle
- myasthenia肌无力myatrophy 肌萎缩myoglobinuria肌红蛋白尿myohypertrophy 肌肥大
44. arthro- 关节连接的joint
Arthredema关节水中arthropyosis关节化脓arthrocentesis关节穿刺术arthrocleisis关节强直
45. vaso- or angio- 血管vessel
Vasculotoxic血管毒性vasiform 管型的vasoconstriction血管收缩- vasodilatation 血管舒张
46. sangui- or hem-or hema- or hemato- or hemo- or haem- or haema- or haemo- blood
Sanguinin血素sanguinopurulent含脓血hemacytometer血球计hemacytozoon 血原虫
hematochezia 便血hematolymphuria血性淋巴尿haemoptysis咯血- haemostasis 止血法
47. arterio-动脉artery
Arteriectopia动脉异位arteriomalacia 动脉软化arteriovenostomy动静脉吻合术arteritis 动脉炎
48. veno- or phlebo-静脉vein
- venoclysis静脉输注- venodilation 静脉扩张phlebolith 静脉结石phlebosclerosis 静脉硬化
49. histo- tissue
histiocytoma 组织细胞瘤histiocytosis组织细胞增多病
histodifferentiation组织分化-histoincompatibility组织不相容性
50. nerv- or neuro- nerve
Nervosism神经衰弱nervosity 神经过敏neuraclerosis神经硬化症neurotoxin 神经毒素
51. lip- or steato- 脂肪的fat
lipase 脂肪酶- lipolysis 脂解作用steatocryptosis 皮脂腺机能障碍steatosis 脂肪变性
52. cutano- or dermo- skin
cutaneous 皮肤的dermoblast 成皮细胞dermohemia皮肤充血dermonecrotic toxin皮肤坏死毒素
53. ungui- or onychi- nail
Unguicular具爪的unguiform爪状的- unguis 爪蹄onychomycosis 甲藓
54. myxo- 黏液mucus
Myxasthenia黏液分泌不足- myxedema 粘液水肿myxosarcoma 粘液肉瘤- myxoviromycin 粘液病毒霉素55. hydro- water or hydrogen
hydraemia 水血症hydrarthrosis 关节积水hydroxylase羟化酶hydrohepatosis肝积水
表示数量的前缀
haplo-，mono-，uni- 单，一，独
bi-，di-，dipl-，twi-，du- 二，双，两，偶
tri- 三，丙
quadri-，quadru-，quart-，tetr(a)- 四
pent-，penta-，quique- 五
hex-，hexa-，sex- 六
hepta-，sept(i)- 七oct- 八
enne-，nona- 九deca-，deka- 十
hendeca- 十一dodeca- 十二
trideca- 十三tetradeca- 十四
pentadeca- 十五hexadeca- 十六
heptadeca- 十七octadeca- 十八
nonadeca- 十九
hecto- 百kilo- 千
deci- 十分之一，分centi- 百分之一
milli- 千分之一，毫
micro- 百万分之一，微，微小，微量
nano- 十亿分之一，毫微，纳
demi-，hemi-，semi 半
holo- 全，整体，完全
mega- 巨大，兆，百万
macro- 大，巨大，多
poly-，multi-，mult- 多，复合，聚
常见化学物质英文词缀
-acetal 醛缩醇acetal- 乙酰-acid 酸-al 醛alcohol 醇-aldehyde 醛
alkali- 碱allyl 丙烯基alkoxy- 烷氧基-amide 酰胺amino- 氨基的
-amidine 脒-amine 胺-ane 烷anhydride 酐anilino- 苯胺基
aquo- 含水的-ase 酶-ate 含氧酸的盐、酯-atriyne 三炔azo- 偶氮
benzene 苯bi- 在盐类前表示酸式盐bis- 双-borane 硼烷
bromo- 溴butyl 丁基-carbinol 甲醇carbonyl 羰基
-caboxylic acid 羧酸chloro- 氯代cis- 顺式condensed 缩合的、冷凝的
cyclo- 环-dine 啶-ene 烯epi- 表epoxy- 环氧-ester 酯
-ether 醚ethoxy- 乙氧基ethyl 乙基fluoro- 氟代-form 仿
-glycol 二醇-hydrin 醇hydro- 氢或水hydroxyl 羟基hypo- 低级的，次 -ic 酸的，高价金属-ide 无氧酸的盐，酰替…胺，酐-il 偶酰-imine 亚胺 iodo- 碘代iso- 异，等，同-ite 亚酸盐keto- 酮
ketone 酮-lactone 内酯meta- 间，偏methoxy- 甲氧基methyl 甲基
nitro- 硝基nitroso- 亚硝基-oic 酸的-ol 醇-one 酮
ortho- 邻，正，原-ous 亚酸的，低价金属oxa- 杂-oxide 氧化合物
-oxime 肟oxo- 酮oxy- 氧化-oyl 酰para- 对位，仲
per- 高，过petro- 石油phenol 苯酚phenyl 苯基poly- 聚，多
sulfa- 磺胺sym- 对称syn- 顺式，同，共thio- 硫代
trans- 反式，超，跨-yne 炔unsym- 不对称的，偏位-yl 基
-ylene 撑(二价基，价在不同原上)。