unit11---1.World--News

Teaching Plan
Unit 11 The Media
Lesson 1 World News (P22-P23)
Teacher: Chong Shijie
Ⅰ.Teaching Goals (教学目标)
1. Knowledge aims:（知识目标）
1). Words and Phrase: demand, delighted, get ready for, what for, stand for.
2) Grammar: to review and practice using the Passive.
2. Ability aims:（能力目标）
1).To read a text to find out specific facts
2).To develop the Ss’ abilities of listening, speaking, reading and writing.
3).To practice identifying the type of newspaper an article is from.
Ⅱ.Teaching important points (教学重点)
To practise using the Passive
To practise identifying the type of newspaper an article is from.
Ⅲ.Teaching difficulties(教学难点)
To review and practice using the Passive.
Ⅳ. Teaching preparation（教学准备）
Tape recorder,Handouts,mobile phone
Ⅴ.Teaching aids:(教学材料)
mobile phone, Tape recorder, The blackboard
Ⅵ.Teaching methods:（教学方法）
1. Commutative Approach
2. Task-based reading and listening activity
3. Question and answer activity
4. Pair work or individual role play or scene play activity
Ⅶ. Teaching procedures(教学过程)
Step-1
ⅰ. Warming-up
Lead-in and preparation for reading
Walk into the class while looking at the mobile phone and ask the Ss what I am doing? Purpose: To arouse the Ss’ interest of study
Questions:
T: This is a changing world. Various things are happening now . Do you think so?
S:
T: How do we know these news?
S:
T:. What areas of the world are often in the news at the moment?
S:
T: Why?
S:
T. Now let’s read two stories of world news then learn to write world news as a reporter.
Step-2:
ⅱ.Word Preview
First ask the students to read the new words after the teacher and then read the words by themselves.
Step-3:
ⅲ. Listening and Reading
First listen to the cassette to improve your listening ability and correct your pronunciation
1).Fast- reading
Read the article quickly and do the exercise True or False.
1.G8 stands for eight presidents of the world’s wealthiest nations
2.The Group of Eight will be reformed this year.
3.G8 has decided to cancel the debt of Africa.
4.At 12:45 UK time today London’s name has been announced twice.
Answers: 1．F 2 F 3 F 4F
2).Detail- reading
Read the text aloud, and then do the exercise 2
Step-4
ⅳ. Language points and vocabulary (During the process of teaching the text)
1.get ready for: 准备好，已完成
I’m just getting the kids ready for school.
知识拓展：
get/be ready to do sth. 准备好做某事
get/be ready with sth. 愿意迅速做某事
make ready (for sth). 准备某事
at the ready: 随时可用
2.what for: 干什么，做什么用？
You have come to see me, what for?
知识拓展：
what if: 要是…….怎么办？
or what…还是怎么的
3.demand：vt. 要求；请求n.[C] 要求，请求[U] 需要
⑴demand 后接宾语从句时，从句的谓语动词常用“should+动词原形（should可省略）
的虚拟语气形式
⑵demand的后不接不定式做宾语补足语
错：demand sb. to do sth.
对：demand of sb, to do sth.
He demand to be told everything.
知识拓展：
demand to do sth. 要求做某事
demand sth of/from sb. 向某人要求某物
demanding：苛刻的，要求极高的，难以满足的
4.delighted. adj. 高兴的，愉快的
be delight to do sth. 很高兴做某事
be delight with sth. 对某事很满意
5.in detail 详细地（注意单复数）
in detail是副词短语，多用来修饰动词
You must explain the question in detail.
知识拓展：
go into detail(s) 详细说明
for further details 为了知道详细情况
detail by detail 逐一
detail sth to sb 向某人详细叙述
detail sb.（for sth.）选派某人做某事
6.stand for 代表，代替，支持，容忍
She says she’s not going to stand for her own children disobeying her.
Step-5
ⅴ. Grammar: The Passive
First let the Ss look at Page 92-93. Grammar Summary 5.Then give them some explanation.
一、被动语态的构成形式
1. 被动语态的基本时态变化被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式, 被动语态由be＋过去分词构成，be随时态的变化而变化。

以do为例，各种时态的被动语态形式为：
1) am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般现在时
例Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits.
2）has /have been done 现在完成时
例All the preparations for the task have been completed, and we're ready to start. 3）am/is /are being done 现在进行时
例A new cinema is being built here．
4）was/were done 一般过去时
例I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer.
5）had been done 过去完成时
例By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had been completed in Beijing. 6）was/were being done 过去进行时
例A meeting was being held when I was there.
7）shall/will be done/ be going to be done/ be about to be done/ be to be to done一般将来时
例Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes.
8）should/would be done/ was\were going to be done/ was\were about to be done/was\were to be to done一般将来时
例The news would be sent to the soldier's mother as soon as it arrived.
9）shall/will have been done 将来完成时（少用）
例The project will have been completed before July.
10）should/would have been done 过去将来完成时（少用）
例He told me that his new clothes would have been made very soon.
2. 被动语态的特殊结构形式
1)带情态动词的被动结构。

其形式为：情态动词＋be＋过去分词。

例The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter.
2) 有些动词可以有两个宾语，在用于被动结构时，可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语，另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。

通常变为主语的是间接宾语。

例His mother gave him a present for his birthday. 可改为He was given a present by his mother for his birthday.
3) 当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时，将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，其余不动。

例Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette. 可改为The boy was caught smoking a cigarette. 4）在使役动词have, make, get以及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时，在主动结构中不定式to要省略，但变为被动结构时，要加to。

例Someone saw a stranger walk into the building. 可改为A stranger was seen to walk into the building.
5) 有些相当于及物动词的动词词组，如“动词＋介词”，“动词＋副词”等，也可以用于被动结构，但要把它们看作一个整体，不能分开。

其中的介词或副词也不能省略。

例The meeting is to be put off till Friday.
3.非谓语动词的被动语态v.+ing 形式及不定式to do 也有被动语态(一般时态和完成时态) 。

例I don't like being laughed at in the public.
二、It is said that+从句及其他类似句型一些表示“据说”或“相信”的动词如believe, consider, expect, report, say, suppose, think等可以用于句型“It＋be＋过去分词＋that从句”或“主语＋be＋过去分词＋to do sth.”。

有：
It is said that…据说,It is reported that…据报道，It is believed that…大家相信，It is hoped that…大家希望，It is well known that…众所周知，It is thought that…大家认为，It is suggested that…据建议。

例It is said that the boy has passed the national exam. （＝The boy is said to have passed the national exam. ）
三、谓语动词的主动形式表示被动意义
1.英语中有很多动词如break，catch，clean，drive，lock，open，sell，read，write，wash 等，当它们被用作不及物动词来描述主语特征时，常用其主动形式表达被动意义,主语通常是物。

例This kind of cloth washes well.
注意：主动语态表被动强调的是主语的特征，而被动语态则强调外界作用造成的影响。

试比较：The door won't lock．（指门本身有毛病）
The door won't be locked．（指不会有人来锁门, 指“门没有锁”是人的原因）2. 表示“发生、进行”的不及物动词和短语，如：happen, last, take place, break out, come out, come about, come true, run out, give out, turn out等以主动形式表示被动意义。

例How do the newspapers come out? 这些报纸是如何引出来的呢？
3. 系动词没有被动形式, 但有些表示感受、感官的连系动词feel, sound, taste, book, feel等在主系表结构中常以主动形式表示被动意义。

例Your reason sounds reasonable.
四、非谓语动词的主动形式表被动意义在某些句型中可用动名词和不定式的主动形式表被动意义。

1．在need，want，require, bear等词的后面，动名词用主动形式表示被动意义，其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。

The house needs repairing（to be repaired）．这房子需要修理。

2．形容词worth后面跟动名词的主动形式表示被动含义，但不能跟动词不定式；而worthy 后面跟动词不定式的被动形式。

例The picture-book is well worth reading．（＝The picture-book is very worthy to be read．）
3. 动词不定式在名词后面作定语，不定式和名词之间有动宾关系时，又和句中另一名词或代词构成主谓关系, 不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。

例I have a lot of things to do this afternoon．(to do与things是动宾关系，与I是主谓关系。

) 试比较：I’ll go to the post office. Do you have a letter to be posted? ( 此处用不定式的被动语态作定语表明you不是post动作的执行者。

)
4.在某些“形容词＋不定式”做表语或宾语补足语的结构中，句子的主语或宾语又是动词不定式的逻辑宾语时，这时常用不定式的主动形式表达被动意义。

这些形容词有nice，easy，fit，hard，difficult，important，impossible，pleasant，interesting等。

例This problem is difficult to work out .（可看作to work out省略了for me）. 5．在too…to…结构中，不定式前面可加逻辑主语，所以应用主动形式表示被动意义。

例This book is too expensive (for me) to buy.
6.在there be…句型中，当动词不定式修饰名词作定语时，不定式用主动式作定语，重点在人，用被动形式作定语，重点在物。

例There is no time to lose（to be lost）．（用to lose可看成for us to lose；用to be lost，谁lost time不明确。

）
7. 在be to do结构中的一些不定式通常应用主动表主动, 被动表被动。

然而,由于古英语的影响,下列动词rent,blame,let等仍用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。

例Who is to blame for starting the fire?
五、介词in, on, under等+名词构成介词短语表被动意义表示方位的介词与含动作意义的名词合用，含被动之义，其意义相当于该名词相应动词的被动形式，名词前一般不用冠词。

1. “under +名词”结构，表示“某事在进行中”。

常见的有：under control（受控制）, under treatment（在治疗中）, under repair（在修理中）, under discussion（在讨论中）, under construction （在施工中）。

例The building is under construction( is being constructed).
2．“beyond+名词”结构，“出乎……胜过……、范围、限度”。

常见的有：beyond belief (令人难以置信)，beyond one’s reach（鞭长莫及），beyond one’s control（无法控制），beyond our hope．我们的成功始料不及。

例The rumour is beyond belief（=can’t be believed）．
3.“above+名词”结构, 表示“(品质、行为、能力等) 超过……、高于……”。

例His honest character is above all praise．=His honest character cannot be praised enough．4．“for+名词”结构，表示“适于……、为着……”。

如：for sale(出售), for rent（出租）等。

例That house is for sale. (= That house is to be sold).
5．“in+名词”结构，表示“在……过程中或范围内”常见的有：in print（在印刷中），in sight(在视野范围内)，等。

例The book is not yet in print．(=is not yet printed)
6．“on+名词”结构, 表示“在从事……中”。

常见的有：on sale(出售)，on show（展出）, on trial（受审）。

例Today some treasures are on show in the museum (= are being showed). 7．“out of+名词”结构；表示“超出……之外“，常见的有：out of control (控制不了)，out of sight （超出视线之外），out of one’s reach(够不着), out of fashion(不流行)等。

例The plane was out of control (can’t be controlled)
六、被动语态与高考试题赏析
1). In some parts of the world, tea ___ with milk and sugar.
A. is serving
B. is served
C. serves
D. served
解析 B 因为serve是及物动词，其动作承受者tea作主语，表示经常发生的情况，故用一般现在时的被动语态。

2). This is Ted’s phone. We miss him a lot. He ___ trying to save a child in the earthquake.
A. killed
B. is killed
C. was killed
D. was killing
解析 C Ted是kill的承受者，用被动语态，且Ted救人发生在过去，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。

3). ---- Have you moved into the new house? ---- Not yet, the rooms _____.
A. are being painted
B. are painting
C. are painted
D. are being painting
解析 A “house”和“paint”应该是被动的关系，排除B，D。

后者未搬进新居的原因是房子正在油漆，所以要用现在进行时的被动语态。

不能用一般现在时表示习惯性动作，排除C。

4). When and where to go for the on-salary holiday ___ yet.
A. are not decided
B. have not been decided
C. is not being decided
D. has not been decided
解析 D decide是及物动词，动作的发出者通常是人，句中的主语是动作的承受者，所以decide 要用被动语态。

从题干的语境和关键词yet，可判断用现在完成时，不定式做主语用单数，故用现在完成时的被动语态。

5). The manager entered the office and was happy to learn that four-fifths of the tickets ___.
A. was booked
B. had been booked
C. were booked
D. have been booked
解析 B 句中tickets是book(订票)的承受者，主谓为被动关系，又因票已被订出应发生在entered the office这个过去动作之前，所以要用过去完成时的被动语态。

Do the exercise
1. If city noises ____ from increasing，people ____ shout to be heard even at dinner．
A．are not kept；will have to B．are not kept；have
C．do not keep；will have to D．do not keep；have to
2. The fifth generation computers, with artificial intelligence, are ____and perfected now.
A. developed
B. have developed
C. are being developed
D. will have been developed
3. --- ____ the sports meet might be put off．--- Yes，it all depends on the weather．
A．I've been told B．I've told C．I'm told D．I told
4. I need one more stamp before my collection ___.
A. has completed
B. completes
C. has been completed
D. is completed
5.Rainforests ___ and burned at such a speed that they will disappear from the earth in the near
future.
A. cut
B. are cut
C. are being cut
D. had been cut
6. The new suspension bridge ___ by the end of last month.
A. has been designed
B. had been designed
C. was designed
D. would be designed
7. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it ____.
A. breaks
B. has broken
C. was broken
D. had been broken
(key 1--5 ACADC 6--7 BC)
Ⅷ.Requirements of blackboard design (板书要求)
Board writing
Board writing can be divided into two parts.
One is called the main board writing (主板书) and generally in the middle part of the board.
The other is called minor board writing (副板书) provides notes or supplementary materials to the main one.
Attention
Requirements of board writing:
Write clearly, Write straight, Stand sideways, The talk and chalk principle,
Writing speed, Writing style, Size of writing
Ⅸ.Home work
1.Do the exercise3,4,5and6
2.International organization has provide a one-week camp for some African children with AIDS.
Write a short 100-word news report for a local newspaper
Ⅹ.Teaching introspection (教学反思)。