2020-2021学年弋阳县第一中学高三英语上学期期中试卷及答案

2020-2021学年弋阳县第一中学高三英语上学期期中试卷及答案
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
Britain's brilliant bridges have aided trade and brought communities together and are always the most exciting part of the journey. These must-see bridges are now tourist attractions in their own right.
Clifton Suspension Bridge, Bristol
Described byits legendary engineer Isambard Kingdom Brunel as “my first love, my darling”, in was originally designed for horse-drawn traffic. Now, more than four million vehicles a year cross the 1,352ft-Jong toll (收费) bridge over the Avon Gorge. The £ l toll for every journey pays for its repair. The history of the bridge, dating back to 1864, is kept alive through a programme of tours, events and exhibitions.
Infinity Bridge, Stockton-On-Tees
A pedestrian and cycle footbridge across the River Tees, its working title was the North Shore Footbridge, before it was given its grander name when opened in 2009. It is particularly spectacular (壮观) at night. The arches of the bridge are also lit white and, on calm nights, their reflection in the water appears as an infinity symbol, thereby inspiring the name which was chosen by the public.
Tower Bridge, London
An engineering wonder built from thousands of tons of Cornish granite, Portland stone and steel, it took construction workers eight years to complete. More than 120 years old, it's a popular tourist attraction, as well as a functional bridge. Visitors can take in the views over the capital and experience seeing London life through the Glass Floor.
Iron Bridge, Shropshire
Opened in 1781, this is the first arch bridge in the world to be made out of cast iron. Recognised as one of the great symbols of the industrial revolution, it transformed the cart of bridge building and was a crucial factor in the development of the iron trade in Shropshire.
1.Which bridge has the longest history?
A.Clifton Suspension Bridge.
B.Infinity Bridge.
C.Tower Bridge.
D.Iron Bridge.
2.What can we know about Infinity Bridge?
A.People can just walk on it.
B.The public give it two names.
C.It's well worth visiting at night.
D.It's arch is the biggest on the earth.
3.What do Clifton Suspension Bridge and Tower Bridge have in common?
A.They are both over 120 years old.
B.Visitors should pay for passing them.
C.They have the same original design.
D.Visitors can have a good view of London on them.
B
A Chinese space mining company has designed a robot that can capture waste material left behind by spacecraft in outer space with a big net.
The state-run Xinhua news agency recently reported that the robot launched on the government's Long March 6 rocket along with several satellites. The robot will also investigate deep space to observe small objects in the universe. The 30-kilogram robot, called NEO-01 , was developed by Origin Space. Pounded in 2019 and based in the southern Chinese tech hub(技术中心)Shenzhen, Origin Space has been devoted to exploring and using space resources, according to the company. The company says the robot will lead the way for future technologies capable of mining on asteroids(小行星).
The world's first asteroid mining company, Planetary Resources, was established in 2009. Since then, more than 12 businesses around the world have entered the industry, including 3D Systems of the United States and Japan's Astroscale. Astroscale's technology uses magnets (磁铁)to gather up space waste. But a report on the Origin Space website says NEO-01 will use a net to capture waste and then bum it. Thousands of satellites have been launched worldwide. As they are used too long, many end up as waste and put other operating satellites at risk.
Su Meng is the founder of Origin Space. He said the company plans to launch many space telescopes and more spacecraft to begin the first for-profit mining of asteroids by 2045. Su added that NEO-01 will serve as a prototype (雏形)of future space mining robots, which can use rich mineral resources on asteroids to support the development of the space industry.
The Xinhua news agency reported that China was increasing efforts to land a spacecraft on a near-Earth asteroid to collectmaterials. China is also speeding up a plan to build a defense system against near-Earth asteroids. The country aims to follow Russia and the United States in becoming a major space power by 2030.
4. Which of the following can correctly describe NEO-01?
A. It weighs 60 kilograms.
B. It was created by Planetary Resources.
C. It will be burnt after finishing its mission.
D. It is mainly used to catch space waste.
5. What can be inferred from the text?
A. China will be the most powerful in space by 2030.
B. Origin Space will open more mines on asteroids.
C. It is those useless satellites that make space waste.
D. The robot will look into deep space for more waste.
6. What does Su Meng think of NEO-01 ?
A. It is promising and rewarding.
B. It has benefited the space industry.
C. It's a long way to produce it.
D. It'll help make money for the company.
7. What can be the best title for the text?
A. NEO-01 , A Smart Robot Used in Space
B. A Chinese Robot Can Catch Space Waste
C. A New Robot Makes China a SpacePower
D. NEO-01 , the Pioneer of Future Space Robots
C
Thursday, two Russian submarines(潜艇) dived down 2.5 miles into the Arctic Ocean and planted a national flag onto a piece of continental shelf known as the Lomonosov Ridge. Rising from the center of the Arctic Basin, the flag sent a clear message to the surrounding nations: Russia had just laid claim(权利) to the vast oil and gas reserves contained in this underwater area.
AfterRussia, theUnited States,Norway,SwedenandFinlandare all trying to gain profit. Projections show that the area of land and sea that falls within theArctic Circleis home to an estimated 90 billion barrels of oil, an incredible 13% of Earth’s reserves. It’s also estimated to contain almost a quarter of untapped global gas resources. But long before this oil race began, how did theArcticbecome so rich in energy?
“The first thing you realize is that theArctic—unlike the Antarctic—is an ocean surrounded by continents”, Alastair Fraser, a geoscientist from Imperial College London, said. Firstly, this means there’s a huge quantity of organic material available, in the form of dead sea creatures such as plankton and algae, which form the basis of what will ultimately become oil and gas. Secondly, the surrounding ring of continents means that the Arctic Basin contains a high proportion of continental crust(大陆地壳), which makes up about 50% of its oceanic area. That’s significant because continental crust typically contains deep depressions called basins, into which organic matter
sinks.
Here, it gets inserted in rock and preserved in anoxic(缺氧) waters, meaning they contain little oxygen. “Normally, in a shallow sea with lots of oxygen, it would not be preserved. But if the sea is deep enough, the oxygenated waters at the top will be separated from the anoxic conditions at the base,” Fraser explained. Conserved within these oxygen-free basins, the matter maintains compounds that finally make it useful as an energy source for millions of years in the future.
8. Why didRussiaplant a national flag onto the Lomonosov Ridge?
A. To tell surrounding countries its armed forces.
B. To show its advanced technology of submarines.
C. To show abundant natural resources in theArcticBasin.
D. To claim its privilege to explore for oil and gas in the area.
9. What’s the function of the last sentence in paragraph 2?
A. Making a comparison.
B. Serving as a connecting link.
C. Analyzing the cause and effect.
D. Drawing the conclusion of the text.
10. What can we know from the last paragraph?
A. Oxygen only exists in the top part of the ocean.
B. Organic materials mostly exist in the basins with oxygen.
C. Water containing oxygen turns organic materials into oil and gas.
D. Oxygen-free environment counts in the formation of the arctic’s rich energy.
11. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. What makes theArcticattractive?
B. Why do many nations focus on theArctic?
C. Why is there so much oil in theArctic?
D. How does theArcticBasincome into being?
D
Surfing the Internet for fun will make you a better employee, according to an Australian study.
The University of Melbourne study shows that people who use the Internet for their own reasons at work are about 9 percent more productive than those who do not. Study author Brent Coker said, “Surfing the Internet at times helps increase an employee's attention.”
“People need to relax for a bit to get back their attention,” Coker said on the university's website. “Having a short break, such as a quick surfing of the Internet, helps the mind to rest itself, leading to a higher total Internet attention for a day's work, and as a result, increases productivity (生产效率),” he said.
According to the study of 300 workers, 70 percent of people who use the Internet at work surf the Internet for their own reasons during office hours. Among the most popular surfing activities are searching for information about products, reading online news, playing online games and watching videos. “Firms spend a lot of money on software toblocktheir employees from watching videos, using social networking sites or shopping online,” said Coker. “That's not always a good idea.”
However, Coker said the study looked at people who surfed the Internet in moderation (适度), or were on the Internet for less than 20 percent of their total time in the office. “Those who spend too much time surfing the Internet will have a lower productivity than those without.” he said.
12. What does the University of Melbourne study mainlyshow?
A. People who surf the Internet are good employees.
B. Not everyone surfs the Internet for fun during office hours.
C. The Internet is becoming more and more important in people's life.
D. Surfing the Internet for fun at times during office hours increases productivity.
13. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as one of the most popular surfing activities?
A. Watching videos.
B. Reading online news.
C. Reading online novels.
D. Playing online games.
14. The underlined word “block” in Paragraph 4 means “________”.
A. stop
B. organize
C. protect
D. separate
15. What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A. Those who never surf the Internet have the lowest productivity.
B. Spending too much time surfing the Internet reduces productivity.
C. Most people don't surf the Internet in moderation during office hours.
D. People should spend as little time as possible surfing the Internet.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项There are several factors that may determine why a country chooses a particular passport colour.___16___Some countries attempt to fit in with nations or political groups they’d like to join. Governments
can choose the overall design and colour for their passports from one of the four basic color1 s: red, blue, green, or black.
Red Passports
Red, the most common passport colour, not only has religious meanings, but also may point to a country’s history or politics.___17___
Blue Passports
___18___Traditionally, the colour blue is meant to represent the “New World” nations in North and South America, andOceania. TheU.S.passport has been blue since 1976.
Green passports
Green is the most common colour of choice for Arab countries.___19___The citizens of several West African countries also have travel documents that are different shades of green, which means they belong to the Economic Community of West African States.
Black Passports
Black passports are not as common as brighter color1 s, though dark shades tend to make a document look more official.___20___NewZealand’s passport is black since it’s the country’s national colour.
In all, the reasons why passports are different color1 s often have important and deep meanings to each government.
A. What do the different passport color1 s mean?
B. The second most common passport colour is blue.
C. People tend to dislike black because it is not beautiful.
D. These factors include religious, geographical, historical or cultural concerns.
E. Considered as a sign of nature and life, it is important for Arabian religions.
F. Only 10 countries have black passports, all unconnected with geography or religion.
G. Northern European countries generally hold red passports.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项
Taking back my life
I received a private message on Facebook. It began harmlessly enough："Hey, girl. Wanted to invite you to____21____my next challenge group--- we'll be focusing on fitting in 30 minutes.”
It was all becoming too much. Facebook was____22____my life? not me. But what killed Facebook for me
was when I____23____a photo and five minutes later my four—year—old son asked me how many “likes“ it had got. His question was a____24____call.
“Likes“ are signs of____25____. I had forgotten that it need to come from within and I had____26____set my son a bad example.
At that moment, I set up my mind to____27____my Facebook account.
I'd been in the____28____of checking Facebook many times a day, so I had to____29____some new habits. I carried a novel, rediscovered knitting（针织）and took yoga classes.
I started to remember a few things. I have friends who will help me out when I'm in____30____. Our son is happy and____31____. And we are very lucky to be able to____32____two vacations a year.
I stopped looking at the world through my cellphone. I felt completely____33____in the moment. The break____34____me feeling better about my life.
After a few weeks, I____35____Facebook. Now I keep my____36____on the photos of my friends' kids growing up and____37____how social media allows me to keep in touch with family____38____and wide. I am____39____with the desire to post updates. It is not an____40____anymore.
21. A. celebrate B. join C. check D. hold
22. A. developing B. running C. ruining D. improving
23. A. described B. took C. posted D. saw
24. A. wake-up B. warm-up C. mind-up D. hold-up
25. A. reality B. power C. identity D. acceptance
26. A. unlikely B. impossibly C. unknowingly D. unusually
27. A. close B. fix C. lose D. load
28. A. form B. shape C. habit D. way
29. A. run out B. result from C. make use of D. come up with
30. A. class B. trouble C. silence D. advance
31. A. ordinary B. healthy C. weak D. famous
32. A. imagine B. waste C. afford D. miss
33. A. present B. lost C. absent D. blank
34. A. blocked B. encouraged C. forced D. left
35. A. broke through B. returned to C. ended up D. dated from
36. A. impression B. opinion C. balance D. eyes
37. A. value B. predict C. examine D. search
38. A. heavy B. high C. long D. far
39. A. more often B. no longer C. right now D. once in a while
40. A. dream B. doubt C. addiction D. inspiration
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Desertification, the name for___41.___happens when land that can be used to grow crops turns into desert, is a growing world problem. The United Nations and___42.___(it) member countries are working hard to fight desertification.
Chinahas taken many steps___43.___(stop) the process of desertification, including encouraging farmers to build fences, and providing money for people in dry areas to plant more trees and bushes. This is one of___44.___cheapest and best ways of decreasing desertification. At the moment,Chinais planting a ‘Green Wall’ of plants and bushes in the north-east part of the country that could grow even___45.___(long) than the Great Wall.Chinais also spending money trying to find and drill for underground water.
The China National Desertification Monitoring Centre (CNDMC) was set___46.___in 1996 to do research into the problem of desertification. The centre has over 300 scientists devoted to___47.___(find) measures that will stop desertification.
However,___48.___(science) research is not the only way to help. There are many things that everyone can do to help stop desertification. These include better administration of areas that are likely to turn into desert, and training people in how to use water___49.___wasting it. There are also things that can_____50._____(do) at a national or international level, such as sharing information between countries and using satellites to pick out areas likely to be affected by desertification.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用(＼)划掉。

修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

I was going home by bike in a cold afternoon when my bike broke down. As I was wondering how to do, an old man came over. He offered to help me and soon my bike repaired. I thanked him but asked how to reward him. She shook his head and then told me a story about how a boy had helped him two year before. His story moved me deep. I looked at the man, with my eyes filling with tears. I never thought he could keep such a little incident in the mind for years. Only then do I begin to believe that one good turn deserves another.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.假定你是李华，你校英文报将征集抗疫英雄事迹的稿件，请你写一篇关于武汉市金银潭医院院长——张定宇的短文，内容包括：
1.患有渐冻症；疫情期间，日夜坚守，果断决策；
2.2020年9月8日，被授予“人民英雄”国家荣誉称号；
3.体现了意志坚强，勇担重任的精神。

参考词汇：ALS渐冻症COVID-19 pandemic新冠疫情the national honorary title国家荣誉称号
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

A Hero
Zhang Dingyu is president of the Jinyintan Hospital in Wuhan.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1. D
2. C
3. A
4. D
5. C
6. A
7. B
8. D 9. B 10. D 11. C
12. D 13. C 14. A 15. B
16. D 17. G 18. B 19. E 20. F
21. B 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. C 27. A 28. C 29. D 30. B 31. B 32.
C 33. A 34.
D 35. B 36. D 37. A 38. D 39. B 40. C
41. what
42. its 43. to stop 44. the 45. longer 46. up 47. finding
48. scientific
49. without
50. be done
51.(1).in→on
(2). how→what
(3). repaired前添加was
(4).but→.and
(5). She→He
(6).years
(7). deep→-deeply
(8). filling→filled
(9).去掉the
(10). do→did
52.略。