【高考】英语语法一轮复习直接引语和间接引语ppt课件
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如果直接引语所表述的内容在目前和说话时同样有效，变间接引语时，时态可不变
tomorrow.”He told his mother (that)they would have a
She says, “I’ll never forget the days in the country.”
She says that she’ll never forget the days in the country.
转述陈述句, 用连词 that 引导 (即变为宾语从句)
1. He said to me “ I can do the work myself.”
“ Stand up, Peter.
he
was
reading
English
then.
“What are you doing here, boy?” the captain asked.
3. He said to her” I met a friend of mine yesterday. “ why didn’t you stop her?” he asked.
He said, “I must walk to work.”
He said he must walk to work. He told her(that) he had seen the film.
… asked (told , ordered ) sb. ” said the teacher. She says that she’ll never forget the days in the country. He said to me “ I can do the work myself.
“I have received the letter,” Tom said to me. Tom told me that he had received the letter .
He said ,”I’m leaving for Beijing this afternoon.”
He said that he was leaving for Beijing that afternoon.
direct and indirect speech
Some tips
You use direct speech when you want to show the exact words someone said or wrote. Use quotation marks to show that you are reporting clause to include information about the speaker and the situation.
Direct
一般现在时 一般将来时 现在进行时 一般过去时 现在完成时 过去完成时
indirect
一般过去时 过去将来时 过去进行时
过去完成时 过去完成时 过去完成时
this
these
now come here today bring
that those
then go
there
that day take
direct speech--indirect speech
1.now
1.then
2.today
2.that day
3.tonight
3.that night
4.tomorrow
4.the next day
5.this week /year
5.that week / year
6.yesterday st week /year
He asked why He said that It was nine o’clock then. I hadn’t stopped her.
He said, “ I had finished my homework before supper. He said (that) he was reading English then. He said, “ I had finished my homework before supper. He said ,”I’m leaving for Beijing this afternoon. 转述陈述句, 用连词 that 引导 (即变为宾语从句) this week /year “What are you doing here, boy?” the captain asked.
or his.
谓语动词时态变化需要注意几点：
1.直接引语表述的是客观真理，变为间接引语 时，时态不变
The geography teacher said, “The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.”
The geography teacher told us that the sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
He told me that he could do the work himself.
2. He said “ I am reading English now.” He said, “ I had finished my homework before supper.
He said (that) 对特殊疑问句的转述，常使用:
He told her(that) he had seen He asked why I hadn’t stopped her.
“ Stand up, Peter.
the film.
“ Stand up, Peter.
5. He said to his mother “ we shall have a meeting He is saying, “This work is too difficult.
3.对特殊疑问句的转述，常使用:
… asked (sb. )+特殊疑问词+陈述句语序
“What are you doing here, boy?” the captain asked.
The captain asked what I was doing there.
“When will You go?” Peter asked Tom. Peter asked Tom when he would go.
4.山西能源基地的开发利用和环境保护 3、下面我们来看一看光从空气斜射入透明的介质玻璃中，会怎样传播？我们再来看看当光从透明的介质玻璃斜射入空气中，会怎样传
3.注意时间的变化 播？（播放视频）
6.凡事都要脚踏实地去作，不驰于空想，不骛于虚声，而惟以求真的态度作踏实的工夫。以此态度求学，则真理可明，以此态度作事， 则功业可就。
She said that she had gone there the day before.
“Don’t speak, Tom.
He said (that) She said that she would go that morning.
He said he must walk to work.
4.注意时态的变化 43、你不用活得像任何人，你只要活得像你自己。
79、一切痛苦能够毁灭人，然而受苦的人也能把痛苦消灭!——拜伦 16. 不是境况造就人，而是人造就境况。
5.注意地点的变化
直接引语变间接引语的几种情况：
1. 对陈述句的转述，常使用：
… said (told sb.) + that + 陈述句
2. 对一般疑问句的转述，常使用：
… asked sb.whether/ if +陈述句语序
The teacher asked, “Are you ready for the exams?”
The teacher asked us if we were ready for the exams. She asked, “Are you fond of classic music?” She asked me whether I was fond of
a
friend
of
his
the
day
before.
4. He said to her “ I have seen the film.” His mother asked Tom not to speak.
He asked why I hadn’t stopped her. The teacher asked, “Are you ready for the exams?”
Jane said, “I’ve got a new epal. He is from Germany.”
--- “I’ve got a new e-pal,” Jane said/ said Jane.
When you change a sentence from direct speech to indirect speech, you sometimes need to change the verb tense. You may also need to change pronouns , time in order to keep the same meaning.
“ why didn’t you stop her?” he asked. He said ,”I’m leaving for Beijing this afternoon.
He told his mother (that)they would have a meeting the next day. She said that she would go that morning. She said, “I went there yesterday.
2. 如果直接引语所表述的内容在目前和说话 时同样有效，变间接引语时，时态可不变
The children said, “We love this game.” They told us that they love that game. 3. 主句谓语动词的时态是现在时态，在引述
时，时态不变。
4. 对祈使句的转述时使用： … asked (told , ordered ) sb. (not) to do
sth.
“ Stand up, Peter.” said the teacher. The teacher ordered (told) Peter to stand
up. “Don’t speak, Tom.” his mother said. His mother asked Tom not to speak.
在直接引语变为间接引语时需要注意的变化
1.注意人称变化。 63、智慧的代价是矛盾。这是人生对人生观开的玩笑。
16、为了求恋爱成功而尽量隐藏自己的缺点的人，其实是愚蠢的。——傅雷 64、本来无望的事，大胆尝试，往往能成功。——莎士比亚
2.注意指示代词的变化 13. 战士的意志要象礁石一样坚定，战士的性格要像和风一样温柔。
6.the day before
7.the week /year before
8.the day before
8.two days before
yesterday
9.in two days’ time
9.the day after tomorro1w0.three days
人称的变化:
直接引语变为间接引语时，人称要 根据情况而变化。一般来讲，直接 引语中的第一人称要改为与“说话 人”相一致的人称。而第二人称则 改为与“听话人”一致的人称。直 接引语中的第三人称不变。
5. 对选择疑问句的转述： … asked + whether … or … “ Are you Chinese or Japanese?”asked he. He asked whether I was Chinese or
Japanese. “Is this book yours or his?” She asked me whether this book was mine
tomorrow.”He told his mother (that)they would have a
She says, “I’ll never forget the days in the country.”
She says that she’ll never forget the days in the country.
转述陈述句, 用连词 that 引导 (即变为宾语从句)
1. He said to me “ I can do the work myself.”
“ Stand up, Peter.
he
was
reading
English
then.
“What are you doing here, boy?” the captain asked.
3. He said to her” I met a friend of mine yesterday. “ why didn’t you stop her?” he asked.
He said, “I must walk to work.”
He said he must walk to work. He told her(that) he had seen the film.
… asked (told , ordered ) sb. ” said the teacher. She says that she’ll never forget the days in the country. He said to me “ I can do the work myself.
“I have received the letter,” Tom said to me. Tom told me that he had received the letter .
He said ,”I’m leaving for Beijing this afternoon.”
He said that he was leaving for Beijing that afternoon.
direct and indirect speech
Some tips
You use direct speech when you want to show the exact words someone said or wrote. Use quotation marks to show that you are reporting clause to include information about the speaker and the situation.
Direct
一般现在时 一般将来时 现在进行时 一般过去时 现在完成时 过去完成时
indirect
一般过去时 过去将来时 过去进行时
过去完成时 过去完成时 过去完成时
this
these
now come here today bring
that those
then go
there
that day take
direct speech--indirect speech
1.now
1.then
2.today
2.that day
3.tonight
3.that night
4.tomorrow
4.the next day
5.this week /year
5.that week / year
6.yesterday st week /year
He asked why He said that It was nine o’clock then. I hadn’t stopped her.
He said, “ I had finished my homework before supper. He said (that) he was reading English then. He said, “ I had finished my homework before supper. He said ,”I’m leaving for Beijing this afternoon. 转述陈述句, 用连词 that 引导 (即变为宾语从句) this week /year “What are you doing here, boy?” the captain asked.
or his.
谓语动词时态变化需要注意几点：
1.直接引语表述的是客观真理，变为间接引语 时，时态不变
The geography teacher said, “The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.”
The geography teacher told us that the sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
He told me that he could do the work himself.
2. He said “ I am reading English now.” He said, “ I had finished my homework before supper.
He said (that) 对特殊疑问句的转述，常使用:
He told her(that) he had seen He asked why I hadn’t stopped her.
“ Stand up, Peter.
the film.
“ Stand up, Peter.
5. He said to his mother “ we shall have a meeting He is saying, “This work is too difficult.
3.对特殊疑问句的转述，常使用:
… asked (sb. )+特殊疑问词+陈述句语序
“What are you doing here, boy?” the captain asked.
The captain asked what I was doing there.
“When will You go?” Peter asked Tom. Peter asked Tom when he would go.
4.山西能源基地的开发利用和环境保护 3、下面我们来看一看光从空气斜射入透明的介质玻璃中，会怎样传播？我们再来看看当光从透明的介质玻璃斜射入空气中，会怎样传
3.注意时间的变化 播？（播放视频）
6.凡事都要脚踏实地去作，不驰于空想，不骛于虚声，而惟以求真的态度作踏实的工夫。以此态度求学，则真理可明，以此态度作事， 则功业可就。
She said that she had gone there the day before.
“Don’t speak, Tom.
He said (that) She said that she would go that morning.
He said he must walk to work.
4.注意时态的变化 43、你不用活得像任何人，你只要活得像你自己。
79、一切痛苦能够毁灭人，然而受苦的人也能把痛苦消灭!——拜伦 16. 不是境况造就人，而是人造就境况。
5.注意地点的变化
直接引语变间接引语的几种情况：
1. 对陈述句的转述，常使用：
… said (told sb.) + that + 陈述句
2. 对一般疑问句的转述，常使用：
… asked sb.whether/ if +陈述句语序
The teacher asked, “Are you ready for the exams?”
The teacher asked us if we were ready for the exams. She asked, “Are you fond of classic music?” She asked me whether I was fond of
a
friend
of
his
the
day
before.
4. He said to her “ I have seen the film.” His mother asked Tom not to speak.
He asked why I hadn’t stopped her. The teacher asked, “Are you ready for the exams?”
Jane said, “I’ve got a new epal. He is from Germany.”
--- “I’ve got a new e-pal,” Jane said/ said Jane.
When you change a sentence from direct speech to indirect speech, you sometimes need to change the verb tense. You may also need to change pronouns , time in order to keep the same meaning.
“ why didn’t you stop her?” he asked. He said ,”I’m leaving for Beijing this afternoon.
He told his mother (that)they would have a meeting the next day. She said that she would go that morning. She said, “I went there yesterday.
2. 如果直接引语所表述的内容在目前和说话 时同样有效，变间接引语时，时态可不变
The children said, “We love this game.” They told us that they love that game. 3. 主句谓语动词的时态是现在时态，在引述
时，时态不变。
4. 对祈使句的转述时使用： … asked (told , ordered ) sb. (not) to do
sth.
“ Stand up, Peter.” said the teacher. The teacher ordered (told) Peter to stand
up. “Don’t speak, Tom.” his mother said. His mother asked Tom not to speak.
在直接引语变为间接引语时需要注意的变化
1.注意人称变化。 63、智慧的代价是矛盾。这是人生对人生观开的玩笑。
16、为了求恋爱成功而尽量隐藏自己的缺点的人，其实是愚蠢的。——傅雷 64、本来无望的事，大胆尝试，往往能成功。——莎士比亚
2.注意指示代词的变化 13. 战士的意志要象礁石一样坚定，战士的性格要像和风一样温柔。
6.the day before
7.the week /year before
8.the day before
8.two days before
yesterday
9.in two days’ time
9.the day after tomorro1w0.three days
人称的变化:
直接引语变为间接引语时，人称要 根据情况而变化。一般来讲，直接 引语中的第一人称要改为与“说话 人”相一致的人称。而第二人称则 改为与“听话人”一致的人称。直 接引语中的第三人称不变。
5. 对选择疑问句的转述： … asked + whether … or … “ Are you Chinese or Japanese?”asked he. He asked whether I was Chinese or
Japanese. “Is this book yours or his?” She asked me whether this book was mine