磁性元件在电力电子中的应用说明书
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Preface
xi
Acknowledgements
xiii
Chapter I-Applications and Topologies for Power Electronic Systems
1
Introduction-History of Power Electronics
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
38
2.11- Ferrites Versus Metallic Magnetic Materials
39
2.12- Output Power Inductors
41
2.12.1- Ferrite Versus Metallic Power Inductors
41
2.13- Power Factor Correction Cores
50
2.16.2- Amorphous and Nanocrystalline Materials for
EMISuppression
50
2.17- Common-Mode Filters
51
Summary
53
Chapter 3- Magnetic Materials for Power Electronics
13
1.8- Ferroresonant Converters
15
1.9- Soft Switching in Common Topologies
19
Summary
20
Chapter 2- Main Considerations for Magnetic Component Choice
25
Introduction
55
Introduction
55
3.1- Soft Ferrites for Power Electronics
55
3.1.1- Ferrite Material Permeabilities
56
3.1.1.1- Initial Permeabilities
57
3.1.1.2- Amplitude Permeability
25
2.1- Considerations Based on Component Function
25
2.2- Magnetic Component Choices
26
2.3- Components for Power Transformers
26
2.4- Ferrite Power Transformers
S~m~
vii
105
105 105 105 106 107 108 109 110 III III 112 112 113 114 116 116 116 117 119 119 119 124 125 125
1~
Chapter 5- Core Sizes-Design Considerations in Power Electronics
86
3.4.2-Amorphous-Nanocrystalline Materials for EMI
90
3.5- Powder Core Materials-Output Chokes, EMI and PFC
91
3.5.1- Iron Powder Cores
93
3.5.2- NiFe Powder Core Materials
3.1.l2- Magnetic Properties of Ferrite EMI Materials
71
3.1.13- Frequency Characteristics of EMI Materials
75
3.2- Magnetic Properties of Metallic Strip Materials
MAGNETIC COMPONENTS FOR POWER ELECTRONICS
MAGNETIC COMPONENTS FOR POWER ELECTRONICS
by Alex Goldman Ferrite Technology Worldwide, US.A.
SPRINGER SCIENCE+BUSINESS MEDIA, LLC
1
1.1- Applications for Power Electronics
2
1.2- Power Converters
3
1.3- Basic Topologies for Power Converters
4
1.4- Practical Converter Topologies
8
1.4.1- Flyback Converter
35
2.7- Nanocrystalline-Based Power Transformers
37
2.8- Cost Considerations for Magnetic Components
37
2.9- Competitive High Frequency Power Materials
38
2.10- Design Considerations in Component Choice
8
1.4.2- Forward Converter
9
1.4.3- Push Pull Converter
10
1.5- Converter Strengths and Weaknesses
10
1.6- The Hysteresis Loop for Power Materials
11
1.7- Switching Power Supplies
Copyright © 2002 by Springer Science+Business Media New York Originally published by Kluwer Academic Publishers in 2002 Softcover reprint ofthe hardcover lst edition 2002 AII rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.
46
vi MAGNETIC COMPONENTS FOR POWER ELECTRONICS
2.14- Magnetic Amplifier Cores
46
2.15- Pulse Transformers
48
2.16- Components for EMI Suppression
49
2.16.1- Materials for EMI suppression
3.1.6- Resistivity
68
3. 1.7- Density
69
3.1.8- Remanence and Squareness
69
3.1.9- Coercive Force
69
3.1.1 0- Ferrite Power Inductor Materials
69
3.1.11-Magnetic Properties-Ferrite Common-Mode Materials 70
27
2.4.1- Frequency-Voltage Considerations
28
2.4.2- Frequency-Loss Considerations
30
2.4.3- Choosing the Best Ferrite Power Transformer Material 32
2.4.4- Power Ferrite Core Shapes
33
2.4.5- Component Processing after Assembly
34
2.4.6- High Frequency Applications
34
2.5- Metal Strip Power Transformers
35
2.6- Amorphous Metal Strip Cores
76
3.2.1- Permeabilities-Metallic Magnetic Strip Materials
76
3.3- Amorphous Metal Magnetic Materials
76
3.3. I-Advantages of Amorphous Magnetic Metals
79
3.3.2- Disadvantages ofIron-based Amorphous Alloys
61
3. 1.2. I-Temperature Dependence of Saturation
61
3.1.3-Core Losses
64
3.1.4- Output Power Considerations-Performance Factor
66
3.1.5- Curie Temperature
67
58
3.1.1.3- Maximum Permeability
59
3.1.1.4- Permeability-Temperature Dependence
59
3.1.1.5- Complex Permeability
61
3.1.2- Saturation Induction for Ferrite Materials
127
Introduction
127
5.1- Determining the Size ofthe Transformer Core
79
3.3.3- Processing of Amorphous Metals
81
3.3.4- Amorphous Metals- High Perm-High Frequency
81
3.4- Nanocrystalline Materials
86
3.4.1- Nanocrystalline Materials-High Frequency Power
97
3.5.3- Sendust Powder Material
100
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Chapter 4- Core Shapes for Power Electronics
Introduction 4.1- Ferrite Core Shapes
4.1.1- Pot Cores 4.1.2- Doube-Slab Cores 4.l.3- RM Cores and PM Cores 4.1.4-ECores 4.1.5- E-C Cores 4.1.6- ETD Cores 4.1.7-E-RCores 4.1.8- EP Cores 4.1.9- PQ Cores 4.1.10- Toroids 4.1.11- EFD Cores 4.2- Effective Core Properties of Power Core Shapes 4.2.1- Measurement of Effective Permeability 4.2.2- Inductance Factor, AL 4.3- Gapped Cores 4.3.1- Pre-polarized Cores 4.4- Low Profile Ferrite Power Cores 4.5- Surface-Mount Design in Power Ferrites 4.6- Planar Technology 4.7- Integrated Magnetics 4.8- Core Shapes for Metal Strip Materials 4.9- Core Shapes for Metal Powder Components
ISBN 978-1-4613-5280-8 ISBN 978-1-4615-0871-7 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-1-4615-0871-7
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
A c.I.P. Catalogue record for this book is available from the Library of Congress.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Preface
xi
Acknowledgements
xiii
Chapter I-Applications and Topologies for Power Electronic Systems
1
Introduction-History of Power Electronics
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
38
2.11- Ferrites Versus Metallic Magnetic Materials
39
2.12- Output Power Inductors
41
2.12.1- Ferrite Versus Metallic Power Inductors
41
2.13- Power Factor Correction Cores
50
2.16.2- Amorphous and Nanocrystalline Materials for
EMISuppression
50
2.17- Common-Mode Filters
51
Summary
53
Chapter 3- Magnetic Materials for Power Electronics
13
1.8- Ferroresonant Converters
15
1.9- Soft Switching in Common Topologies
19
Summary
20
Chapter 2- Main Considerations for Magnetic Component Choice
25
Introduction
55
Introduction
55
3.1- Soft Ferrites for Power Electronics
55
3.1.1- Ferrite Material Permeabilities
56
3.1.1.1- Initial Permeabilities
57
3.1.1.2- Amplitude Permeability
25
2.1- Considerations Based on Component Function
25
2.2- Magnetic Component Choices
26
2.3- Components for Power Transformers
26
2.4- Ferrite Power Transformers
S~m~
vii
105
105 105 105 106 107 108 109 110 III III 112 112 113 114 116 116 116 117 119 119 119 124 125 125
1~
Chapter 5- Core Sizes-Design Considerations in Power Electronics
86
3.4.2-Amorphous-Nanocrystalline Materials for EMI
90
3.5- Powder Core Materials-Output Chokes, EMI and PFC
91
3.5.1- Iron Powder Cores
93
3.5.2- NiFe Powder Core Materials
3.1.l2- Magnetic Properties of Ferrite EMI Materials
71
3.1.13- Frequency Characteristics of EMI Materials
75
3.2- Magnetic Properties of Metallic Strip Materials
MAGNETIC COMPONENTS FOR POWER ELECTRONICS
MAGNETIC COMPONENTS FOR POWER ELECTRONICS
by Alex Goldman Ferrite Technology Worldwide, US.A.
SPRINGER SCIENCE+BUSINESS MEDIA, LLC
1
1.1- Applications for Power Electronics
2
1.2- Power Converters
3
1.3- Basic Topologies for Power Converters
4
1.4- Practical Converter Topologies
8
1.4.1- Flyback Converter
35
2.7- Nanocrystalline-Based Power Transformers
37
2.8- Cost Considerations for Magnetic Components
37
2.9- Competitive High Frequency Power Materials
38
2.10- Design Considerations in Component Choice
8
1.4.2- Forward Converter
9
1.4.3- Push Pull Converter
10
1.5- Converter Strengths and Weaknesses
10
1.6- The Hysteresis Loop for Power Materials
11
1.7- Switching Power Supplies
Copyright © 2002 by Springer Science+Business Media New York Originally published by Kluwer Academic Publishers in 2002 Softcover reprint ofthe hardcover lst edition 2002 AII rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.
46
vi MAGNETIC COMPONENTS FOR POWER ELECTRONICS
2.14- Magnetic Amplifier Cores
46
2.15- Pulse Transformers
48
2.16- Components for EMI Suppression
49
2.16.1- Materials for EMI suppression
3.1.6- Resistivity
68
3. 1.7- Density
69
3.1.8- Remanence and Squareness
69
3.1.9- Coercive Force
69
3.1.1 0- Ferrite Power Inductor Materials
69
3.1.11-Magnetic Properties-Ferrite Common-Mode Materials 70
27
2.4.1- Frequency-Voltage Considerations
28
2.4.2- Frequency-Loss Considerations
30
2.4.3- Choosing the Best Ferrite Power Transformer Material 32
2.4.4- Power Ferrite Core Shapes
33
2.4.5- Component Processing after Assembly
34
2.4.6- High Frequency Applications
34
2.5- Metal Strip Power Transformers
35
2.6- Amorphous Metal Strip Cores
76
3.2.1- Permeabilities-Metallic Magnetic Strip Materials
76
3.3- Amorphous Metal Magnetic Materials
76
3.3. I-Advantages of Amorphous Magnetic Metals
79
3.3.2- Disadvantages ofIron-based Amorphous Alloys
61
3. 1.2. I-Temperature Dependence of Saturation
61
3.1.3-Core Losses
64
3.1.4- Output Power Considerations-Performance Factor
66
3.1.5- Curie Temperature
67
58
3.1.1.3- Maximum Permeability
59
3.1.1.4- Permeability-Temperature Dependence
59
3.1.1.5- Complex Permeability
61
3.1.2- Saturation Induction for Ferrite Materials
127
Introduction
127
5.1- Determining the Size ofthe Transformer Core
79
3.3.3- Processing of Amorphous Metals
81
3.3.4- Amorphous Metals- High Perm-High Frequency
81
3.4- Nanocrystalline Materials
86
3.4.1- Nanocrystalline Materials-High Frequency Power
97
3.5.3- Sendust Powder Material
100
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Chapter 4- Core Shapes for Power Electronics
Introduction 4.1- Ferrite Core Shapes
4.1.1- Pot Cores 4.1.2- Doube-Slab Cores 4.l.3- RM Cores and PM Cores 4.1.4-ECores 4.1.5- E-C Cores 4.1.6- ETD Cores 4.1.7-E-RCores 4.1.8- EP Cores 4.1.9- PQ Cores 4.1.10- Toroids 4.1.11- EFD Cores 4.2- Effective Core Properties of Power Core Shapes 4.2.1- Measurement of Effective Permeability 4.2.2- Inductance Factor, AL 4.3- Gapped Cores 4.3.1- Pre-polarized Cores 4.4- Low Profile Ferrite Power Cores 4.5- Surface-Mount Design in Power Ferrites 4.6- Planar Technology 4.7- Integrated Magnetics 4.8- Core Shapes for Metal Strip Materials 4.9- Core Shapes for Metal Powder Components
ISBN 978-1-4613-5280-8 ISBN 978-1-4615-0871-7 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-1-4615-0871-7
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
A c.I.P. Catalogue record for this book is available from the Library of Congress.