2014春季海天四级密卷

海天2014年六月四级冲刺密卷
Part I Writing (30 minutes)
Directions: In this section, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on the topic of over-dependence on cell phones by referring to the saying that “I can’t imagine a day’s life without my cell phone”. You can include your understanding of the saying then explain what college students do with their mobile phones and possible consequences etc. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes) Section A
Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A），B），C）and D）, and then decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the center.
1. A) Improve community service quickly. C) Practice French with local people.
B) Study French with him. D) Find out some French courses.
2 .A) The gallery might be closed before they arrive.
B) The gallery is a right place to visit.
C) It is not worth getting upset about the delay.
D) It is relaxing to appreciate paintings.
3. A) Pick up the woman at five. C) Buy some food from a restaurant.
B) Meet the woman at the restaurant. D) Repair his car after dinner.
4. A) She needs to change a roommate.
B) She is angry with the time change.
C) Her roommate can’t come to the meeting.
D) Her roommate is a terrible message-taker.
5. A) He prefers Germany to other European countries.
B) He prefers large notes when traveling.
C) He’d rather take traveler’s checks than cash.
D) He lost his wallet when traveling in Europe.
6. A) His classes are very difficult. C) His work is very respected.
B) He will publish a book soon. D) He is often interviewed by the press.
7. A) it’s good of Jones to help his friend.
B) It’s convenient to move at weekend.
C) Not many people spend weekends at home.
D) Jones helped them put up a new tent.
8. A) He’d like to take the woman to work. C) Judy’s home is nearer to the office.
B) He’ll try to get a ride from someone else. D) Judy has agreed to give him a ride. Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
9. A) His roommates’ dialects are difficult to understand.
B) His roommates come back to the dormitory at midnight.
C) He quarreled with his roommates last night.
D) He can’t fall asleep due to his roommates’ chatting.
10. A) There will usually be a cold war after a quarrel.
B) There should be clear duty divisions between roommates.
C) Roommates should be careful with complaints.
D) Roommates should remind each other’s duties.
11. A) Ignoring the problem to avoid causing anything unpleasant.
B) Trying to find a roommate who is considerate and careful.
C) Being tolerant and understanding each other’s shortcomings.
D) Having a quarrel with your roommate with offensive words.
Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
12. A) A summer holiday she’s been longing for.
B) A research project that might interest her.
C) A job she will take after graduation.
D) A graduation speech she’s going to deliver.
13. A) They are being well protected by humans.
B) They are offered more food by tourists.
C) They are physically adapted to the harsh winter.
D) They are enabled by the paths to find more food.
14. A) They may attack human beings in the firm.
B) They caused abortion of farm animals.
C) They destroy the farm crops.
D) They have valuable furs and meat.
15. A) Because she is well-informed with red foxes.
B) Because she once visited the red fox national park.
C) Because she majors in animal disease prevention.
D) Because she’s been conducting relevant researches.
Section B
Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and question will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the center.
Passage One
Questions 16 to 18 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
16. A) The position which the system provides.
B) The information transmitted from satellites.
C) The satellites that revolve around the earth.
D) The portable device installed in vehicles.
17. A) The accuracy of GPS system. C) The weight of GPS devices
B) The cost of GPS devices. D) The speed of information transmission.
18. A) Because it provides precise direction.
B) Because it is affordable to ordinary users.
C) Because it is the trend of the century.
D) Because it is portable for anyone.
Passage Two
Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
19. A) Changes from childhood to adulthood.
B) Measures to improve colleague relationship.
C) Methods to improve handwriting.
D) Letters to your favorite baseball player.
20. A) You need much practice to reach perfection.
B) You must start learning at your early years.
C) You can’t expect to be the best.
D) you must try with your full efforts.
21. A) Move the paper from time to time when necessary.
B) Choose a pen of proper weight.
C) Write forcefully with your index finger.
D) Use the power of your shoulders and forearms.
Passage Three
Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.
22. A) People who fish for fun.
B) People who live on fishing.
C) People who fish with a fishing pole.
D) People who fish in the salty sea water.
23. A) To let them train young fisherman.
B) To introduce the sport to them.
C) To give them a chance of relaxation.
D) To provide more communication between them.
24. A) To increase their revenue taxes.
B) To encourage them to settle down.
C) To encourage them to fish for a living,
D) To save them the trouble of getting a license.
25. A) You don’t need a license at all.
B) You must be an America citizen.
C) You need only one license from a state.
D) You need licenses from all bordering states.
Section C
Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for the general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.
Justice is one of the most popular courses in Harvard’s history. Nearly one thousand students _26 _Harvard’s historic Sanders Theatre to hear Professor Sandel talk about justice, equality, democracy, and citizenship. Now it’s your turn to _ 27_ in moral reflection that has captured more than 14,000 students, as Harvard opens its classroom to the world. This course_ 28 _help viewers become more critically minded thinkers about the moral decisions we all face in our everyday lives. Professor Sandel is a __29 _teacher. He is able, without visible effort, to make a lecture to students seem like an intimate dialogue. Sandel is able to conduct 30_ effective dialogues in those large classes ,like a conductor picking out a piano here. He poses moral dilemmas so acute that one could escape the _31 _only by thinking.
In this 12-part series, Sandel challenges us with difficult moral dilemmas and asks our opinion about the right thing to do. He then asks us to examine our answers _32 new situation. The result is often surprising, revealing that important moral questions are never black and white. __33 _these contradictions sharpens our own moral faith and gives us the moral clearness to better understand the opposing views we confront in a democracy.
This course also __34 _the hot topics of our day—same sex marriage, equal right, individualism—and Sandel shows us that we can rethink familiar debates with a fresh _35 . Professor Sandel believes the process of thinking our way through the moral questions of our day can help make us better citizens.
Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section A
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.
Years ago, doctors often said that pain was a normal part of life. In particular, when older patients __36__ of pain, they were told it was a natural part of aging and they would have to learn to live with it.
Times have changed. Today, we take pain __37__. Indeed, pain is now considered the fifth vital sign, as important as blood pressure, temperature, breathing rate and pulse in __38__ a person’s well-being. We know that chronic (慢性的) pain can disrupt (扰乱) a person’s life, causing problems that __39__ from missed work to depression.
That’s why a growing number of hospitals now depend upon physicians who __40__ in pain medicine. Not only do we evaluate the cause of the pain, which can help us treat the pain better, but we also help provide comprehensive therapy for depression and other psychological and social __41__ related to chronic pain. Such comprehensive therapy often __42__ the work of social workers, psychiatrists (心理医生) and psychologists, as well as specialists in pain medicine.
This modern __43__ for pain management has led to a wealth of innovative treatments which are more effective and with fewer side effects than ever before. Decades ago, there were only a __44__ number of drugs available, and many of them caused __45__ side effects in older people, including dizziness and fatigue. This created a double-edged sword: the medications helped relieve the pain but caused other problems that could be worse than the pain itself.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答
Section B
Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.
Universities Branch Out
A) As never before in their long history, universities have become instruments of national competition as well as instruments of peace. They are the place of the scientific discoveries that move economies forward, and the primary means of educating the talent required to obtain and maintain competitive advantage. But at the same time, the opening of national borders to the flow of goods, services, information and especially people has made universities a powerful force for global integration, mutual understanding and geopolitical stability.
B) In response to the same forces that have driven the world economy, universities have become more self-consciously global: seeking students from around the world who represent the entire range of cultures and values, sending their own students abroad to prepare them for global careers, offering courses of study that address the challenges of an interconnected world and collaborative (合作的) research programs to advance science for the benefit of all humanity.
C) Of the forces shaping higher education none is more sweeping than the movement across borders. Over the past three decades the number of students leaving home each year to study abroad has grown at an annual rate of 3.9 percent, from 800,000 in 1975 to 2.5 million in 2004. Most travel from one developed nation to another, but the flow from developing to developed countries is growing rapidly. The reverse flow, from developed to developing countries, is on the rise, too. Today foreign students earn 30 percent of the doctoral degrees awarded in the United States and 38 percent of those in the United Kingdom. And the number crossing borders for undergraduate study is growing as well, to 8 percent of the undergraduates at America’s best institutions and 10 percent of all undergraduates in the U.K. In the United States, 20 percent of the newly hired professors in science and engineering are foreign-born, and in China many newly hired faculty members at the top research universities received their graduate education abroad.
D) Universities are also encouraging students to spend some of their undergraduate years in another country. In Europe, more than 140,000 students participate in the Erasmus program each year, taking courses for credit in one of 2,200 participating institutions across the continent. And in the United States, institutions are helping place students in summer internships (实习) abroad to prepare them for global careers. Yale and Harvard have led the way, offering every undergraduate at least one international study or internship opportunity—and providing the financial resources to make it possible.
E) Globalization is also reshaping the way research is done. One new trend involves sourcing portions of a research program to another country. Yale professor and Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator Tian Xu directs a research center focused on the genetics of human disease at Shanghai’s Fudan University, in collaboration with faculty colleagues from both schools. The Shanghai center has 95 employees and graduate students working in a 4,300-square-meter laboratory facility. Yale faculty, post-doctors and graduate students visit regularly and attend videoconference seminars with scientists from both campuses. The arrangement benefits both countries; Xu’s Yale lab is more productive, thanks to the lower costs of conducting research in China, and Chinese graduate students, post-doctors and faculty get on-the-job training from a world-class scientist and his U.S. team.
F) As a result of its strength in science, the United States has consistently led the world in the commercialization of major new technologies, from the mainframe computer and the integrated circuit of the 1960s to the Internet infrastructure (基础设施) and applications software of the 1990s. The link between university-based science and industrial application is often indirect but sometimes highly visible: Silicon Valley was intentionally created by Stanford University, and Route 128 outside Boston has long housed companies spun off from MIT and Harvard. Around the world, governments have encouraged copying of this model, perhaps most successfully in Cambridge, England, where Microsoft and scores of other leading software and biotechnology companies have set up shop around the university.
G) For all its success, the United States remains deeply hesitant about sustaining the research-university model. Most politicians recognize the link between investment in science and national economic strength, but support for research funding has been unsteady. The budget of the National Institutes of Health doubled between 1998 and 2003, but has risen more slowly than inflation since then. Support for the physical sciences and engineering barely kept pace with inflation during that same period. The attempt to make up lost ground is welcome, but the nation would be better served by steady, predictable increases in science funding at the rate of long-term GDP growth, which is on the order of inflation plus 3 percent per year.
H) American politicians have great difficulty recognizing that admitting more foreign students can greatly promote the national interest by increasing international understanding. Adjusted for inflation, public funding for international exchanges and foreign-language study is well below the levels of 40 years ago. In the wake of September 11, changes in the visa process caused a dramatic decline in the number of foreign students seeking admission to U.S. universities, and a corresponding surge in enrollments in Australia, Singapore and the U.K. Objections from American university and business leaders led to improvements in the process and a reversal of the decline, but the United States is still seen by many as unwelcoming to international students.
I) Most Americans recognize that universities contribute to the nation’s well-being through their scientific research, but many fear that foreign students threaten American competitiveness by taking their knowledge and skills back home. They fail to grasp that welcoming foreign students to the United States has two important positive effects: first, the very best of them stay in the States and—like immigrants throughout history—strengthen the nation; and second, foreign students who study in the United States become ambassadors for many of its most cherished (珍视) values when they return home. Or at least they understand them better. In America as elsewhere, few instruments of foreign policy are as effective in promoting peace and stability as welcoming international university students.
注意:此部分试题请在答题卡 2 上作答。

46. American universities prepare their undergraduates for global careers by giving them chances for international study or internship.
47. Since the mid-1970s, the enrollment of overseas students has increased at an annual rate of 3.9 percent.
48. The enrollment of international students will have a positive impact on America rather than threaten its competitiveness.
49. The way research is carried out in universities has changed as a result of globalization.
50. Of the newly hired professors in science and engineering in the United States, twenty percent come from foreign countries.
51. The number of foreign students applying to U.S. universities decreased sharply after September 11 due to changes in the visa process.
52. The U.S. federal funding for research has been unsteady for years.
53. Around the world, governments encourage the model of linking university-based science and industrial application.
54. Present-day universities have become a powerful force for global integration.
55. When foreign students leave America, they will bring American values back to their home countries.
Section C
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A.B.C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.
Passage One
Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.
Dogs are social animals and without proper training, they will behave like wild animals. They will soil your house, destroy your belongings, bark excessively, fight other dogs and even bite you. Nearly all behavior problems are perfectly normal dog activities that occur at the wrong time or place or are directed at the wrong thing. The key to preventing or treating behavior problems is learning to teach the dog to redirect its normal behavior to outlets that are acceptable in the domestic setting.
One of the best things you can do for your dog and yourself is to obedience train ( 驯服) it. Obedience training doesn't solve all behavior problems, but it is the foundation for solving just about any problem. Training opens up a line of communication between you and your dog. Effective communication is necessary to instruct your dog about what you want it to do.
Training is also an easy way to establish the social rank order. When your dog obeys a simple request of "come here, sit," it is showing obedience and respect for you. It is not necessary to establish yourself as top dog or leader of the dog pack(群) by using extreme measures. You can teach your dog its subordinate从属的) role by teaching it to show submission to you. Most dogs love performing tricks for you to pleasantly accept that you are in charge.
Training should be fun and rewarding for you and your dog. It can enrich your relationship and make living together more enjoyable. A well-trained dog is more confident and can more safely be allowed a greater amount of freedom than an untrained animal.
56. Behavior problems of dogs are believed to ______.
A) worsen in modern society C) be just part of their nature
B) occur when they go wild D) present a threat to the community
57. They primary purpose of obedience training is to ______.
A) teach the dog to perform clever tricks
B) make the dog aware of its owner’s authority
C) enable the dog to regain its normal behavior
D) provide the dog with outlets for its wild behavior
58. Effective communication between a dog and its owner is ______.
A) an extreme measure in obedience training
B) a good way to teach the dog new tricks
C) the foundation for dogs to perform tasks
D) essential to solving the dog's behavior problems
59. Why do pet dogs love performing tricks for their masters?
A) To show their willingness to obey.
B) To show their affection for their masters.
C) To avoid being punished.
D) To win leadership of the dog pack.
60. When a dog has received effective obedience training, its owner _____.
A) will enjoy a better family life C) can give the dog more rewards
B) can give the dog more freedom D) will have more confidence in himself Passage Two
Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.
Engineering students are supposed to be examples of practicality and rationality, but when it comes to my college education I am an idealist and a fool. In high school I wanted to be an electrical engineer and, of course, any sensible student with my aims would have chosen a college with a large engineering department, famous reputation and lots of good labs and research equipment. But that's not what I did.
I chose to study engineering at a small liberal-arts (文科) university that doesn’t even offer a major in electrical engineering. Obviously, this was not a practical choice; I came here for more noble reasons. I wanted abroad education that would provide me with flexibility and a value system to guide me in my career. I wanted to open my eyes and expand my vision by interacting with people who weren't studying science or engineering. My parents, teachers and other adults praised me for such a sensible choice. They told me I was wise and mature beyond my 18 years, and I believed them.
I headed off to college sure I was going to have an advantage over those students who went to big engineering "factories" where they didn't care if you had values or were flexible. I was going to be a complete engineer: technical genius and sensitive humanist (人文学者) all in one.
Now I'm not so sure. Somewhere along the way my noble ideals crashed into reality, as all noble ideals eventually do. After three years of struggling to balance math, physics and engineering courses with liberal arts courses, I have learned there are reasons why few engineering students try to reconcile(协调) engineering with liberal-arts courses in college.
The reality that has blocked my path to become the typical successful student is that engineering and the liberal arts simply don't mix as easily as I assumed in high school. Individually they shape a person in very different ways; together they threaten to confuse. The struggle to reconcile the two fields of study is difficult.
61. The author chose to study engineering at a small liberal-arts university because he ______.
A) intended to be a sensible student with noble ideals
B) wanted to be an example of practicality and rationality
C) intended to be a combination of engineer and humanist
D) wanted to coordinate engineering with liberal-arts courses in college
62. According to the author, by interacting with people who study liberal arts, engineering students can ______.
A) broaden their horizons C) receive guidance in their careers
B) become noble idealists D) balance engineering and the liberal arts
63. In the eyes of the author, a successful engineering student is expected ______.
A) to be imaginative with a value system to guide him
B) to be a technical genius with a wide vision
C) to have an excellent academic record
D) to be wise and mature
64. The author's experience shows that he was ______.
A) creative B) irrational C) ambitious D) unrealistic
65. The word "they" in ". . .together they threaten to confuse." (Line 3, Para. 5) refers to______.
A) practicality and rationality C) reality and noble ideals
B) engineering and the liberal arts D) flexibility and a value system
Part IV Translation (30 minutes) Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.
剪纸(paper cutting)是中国最为流行的传统民间艺术形式之一。

中国剪纸有一千五百多年的历史,在明朝和清朝时期(the Ming and Qing Dynasties)特别流行。

人们常用剪纸美化居家环境。

特别是在春节和婚庆期间,剪纸被用来装饰门窗和房间,以增加喜庆的气氛。

剪纸最常用的颜色是红色,象征健康和兴旺。

中国剪纸在世界各地很受欢迎,经常被用作馈赠外国友人的礼物。

Keys:
1-5 DCBDC 6-10 CABDC
11-15 CBDBD 16-20 CABCA 21-25 DACDC
26. crowd
27. tak the same journey
28. aims to
29. brilliant
30. remarkably
31. agony
32. in the light of
33. Sorting out
34. addresses
35. perspective
Reading Comprehension
36. L 37. G 38. I 39. D 40. O. 41. F 42. B 43. M 44. J 45. C
46. D 47. C 48. I 49. E 50. C
51. H 52. G 53. F 54. A 55. I
56-60 CDDAB 61-65 CABDB
Translation
Paper cutting is one of China’s most popular traditional folk arts. Chinese paper cutting has a history of more than 1,500 years. It was widespread particularly during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. People often beautify their homes with paper cuttings. During the Spring Festival and
wedding celebrations, in particular, paper cuttings are used to decorate doors, windows and rooms in order to enhance the joyous atmosphere. The color most frequently used in paper cutting is red, which symbolizes health and prosperity. Chinese paper cutting is very popular around the world and it is often given as a present to foreign friends.。