小升初语法专题讲练第17讲：动词(二)

小升初语法第17讲：动词（二）
知识点讲解与考题精练（有答案）常见的容易混淆的行为动词辨析：（掌握）
(1)look—see—watch—read“看”辨析
✮总结：
watch 观看，仔细地看（电视、球赛、比赛、电影、戏等）；
see 及物动词，强调“看”的结果，意为“看到，看见”；
read 看纸张类阅读物书（报纸，杂志，小说，地图等）；
look ①不及物动词，单独使用，用以引起对方的注意；
②强调看的动作，与at连用后加看的对象；
③看起来….（系动词+形容词）
✓记忆口诀: watch 观看see 结果look 动作read 纸张
【例题】He often ________ newspaper on Saturday.
A. sees
B. reads
C. watches
D. looks
【解析】考题考查近义词的辨析，找关键词newspaper，理解句意：看报纸，newspaper 属纸张类，口诀read纸张，often可以推断出是一般现在时，主语he是第三人称单数后动词加s。

答案：B
【强化训练】
用look, look at, see, watch, read填空。

1. Kangkang's sister a book in her room.
2. Please the blackboard, boys and girls.
3. What other things can you on the table?
4. ! What are they doing under the tree?
5. My brother and I are TV.
6. Are they a football game?
7. It's good to all my friends again.
8. Let me have a .
9. Lucy and Lily are twins. They the same.
10. I want to the doctor.
(2)say—speak—talk—tell“说”辨析
✮总结：
speak①作Vi.指说话的能力和方式；speak + to +人；
①作Vt. + 语言；
say ①作Vt. + 名词/代词/宾语从句；
①say (sth.) to sb.意为“对某人说...”。

tell tell sb.sth.“告诉某人某事”
tell sb. (not) to do“告诉某人（不）做某事”；
tell tell the truth说实话；
tell a story讲故事；
tell the difference讲区别
talk with/ to sb.“与某人谈话”；
talk talk about sth./sb.“谈论某物/某事/某人”；
talk with/ to sb. about sth./sb.“与某人谈论某物/某事/某人”；
【强化训练】
( )1. --Who is talking your father in the room? --My uncle.
A.with
B.at
C.about
D.in
( )2. Teachers often tell us in the river after school.
A.don't swim
B.not swim
C.not to swim
D.to not swim ( )3. My sister can a little English.
A.say
B.speak
C.talk
D.tell ( )4. They're about the football match now.
A.talking
B.telling
C.speaking
D.saying ( )5. Excuse me. Can you me the way to the post office?
A.say
B.speak
C.talk
D.tell
A.say
B.speak
C.talk
D.tell
(3)borrow—lend—keep“借”辨析
【强化训练】
( )1.--Hi, Bob! I’m going to the zoo tomorrow. Could I ______ your camera?
--Sorry, I ______ it to Peter this morning.
A.borrow; lent
B.borrow; borrowed
C.lend; lent
D.lend; borrowed
( )2.--Can you _______ me your bike?
--With pleasure. But you mustn’t ____ it to others.
A.lend, borrow
B.borrow, lend
C.lend, lend
D.borrow, borrow
( )3.Jack a pen to Jim last night.
A.lends
B.lent
C.borrowed
D.borrows
( )4.--Could you _____ me your bike, Tom ?
-- OK. And you can _____ it for a week.
A.lend; keep
B.borrow; lend
C.lend; borrow
D.borrow; keep
( )5.--Can I _____Robinson Crusoe? Mrs. Zhao!
--Sure, it’s very interesting, but you can only _____ it for two weeks.
A.borrow; lend
B.lend; borrow
C.borrow; keep
D.lend; keep
( )6.--Could you please ________ me your notebook, Grace?
--Certainly. Here you are.
A.borrow
B.to borrow
C.lend
D.to lend
( )7.--How long may I ___________ these books?
--For a week.
A.borrow
B.to borrow
C.keep
D.lend
( )8.Although you like the book, you may only ______ it for two weeks.
A.borrow
B.keep
C.lend
D.stay
( )9.Could I __________ your bike. Mine is broken.
A. lend
B. give
C. borrow
D. take
(4) bring—take“带”辨析
bring 和take 都可以用来表达物体从一个地方移动到另一个地方。

但是，take 和bring 到底应该怎么区别呢？选择bring 和take 取决于说话者所处的位置。

如图：
【试一试】
( )1. Please the photos to our classroom. Let us have a look.
A. bring
B. take
C. to bring
D. to take
( )2.
--Tom, you shouldn't your cat to school.
--Sorry, Mr.Green. I won't do that again. (2015甘肃嘉峪关六中期中) A. take B. bring C. give D. get
( )3. Don't forget to your umbrella.
A. take
B. bring
C. give
D. get
( )4. I'll you home.
A. take
B. bring
C. give
D. to take
(5)hear—listen—sound“听”辨析
动词“hear”，“listen”和“sound” 都可以描述“听” 这个动作，但它们的用法却不同，所以不能互换使用。

哪个词可以表达“听音乐” 的“听”？哪个词的意思是“听到声音”，哪个词的意思是“听着、听起来”?
✮总结：
“hear” 描述的是“可以听到” 的能力，表示声音进入耳朵是无意识的动作，与这个人的意愿无关;
“listen” 强调有意识的“去听，注意听”，或“倾听”，后常接介词“to”;
“sound” 可以表达“听起来”，强调听的效果。

【强化训练】
( )1. --Let's go to the museum this weekend. --______good.
A.hears
B.listens
C.Sounds ( )2. _______!My sister is singing now.
A.Hear
B.Listen
C.Sound ( )3. Sorry.I can't________you. Would you please say it again?
A.hear
B.listen
C.sound ( )4. I like_______to Jay Chou’s songs very much. How about you?
A.hearing
B.listening
C.sounding ( )5. --Can you_______what he is saying? --Sorry, I can't.
A.hear
B.listen
C.sound ( )6. They are_______to the teacher carefully (认真地).
A.hearing
B.listen
C.listening ( )7. Listen! Can you_______the bird’s singing?
A.hear
B.hears
C.to hear ( )8. Lucy_____the teacher carefully every day, but today she can’t____anything.
A.listens to, to hear
B.hears, listens to
C.listens to, hear
(6)put on—wear—dress “穿”辨析
【强化训练】
( )1. When Tom was 3 years old, he could herself.
A.wear
B.put on
C.dress ( )2. Most children are uniforms（校服）at school.
A.dressing up
B.putting on
C.wearing ( )3. After hearing the news, he his coat and went out.
A.wears
B.dressed
C.put on
(7)spend—take—cost—pay “花费”辨析
【强化训练】
( )1. I spent 199yuan my coat.
A.on
B.in
C.to
D.buy ( )2. I spent two hours basketball.
A.play
B.to play
C.played
D.playing ( )3. It took me two hours basketball.
A.play
B.to play
C.played
D.playing ( )4. --How much did you on this book?
--20yuan.
A.spend
B.pay
C.take
D.cost ( )5.--How much did you for this book?
--20yuan.
A.spend
B.pay
C.take
D.cost ( )6.--How much did the book you?
--20yuan.
A.spend
B.pay
C.take
D.cost
参考答案
一、实义动词
【辨析1】1. reads 2. look at 3. see 4. Look 5. watching 6. watching 7.see
8. look 9. look 10. see
【辨析2】1.A 2.C 3.B 4.A 5.D 6.A
【辨析3】1-5ACBAC 6-9ACBC
【辨析4】1. A 2.B 3.A
1.解析：根据句意，请把照片带到我们教室来，我们看一看。

本题为祈使句，排除C,D, 由远及近，选bring,所以本题选A.
2.解析根据句意，school是目的地，所以应该是由远及近，选bring, 本题选B. 【辨析5】1-5 CBABA 6-8 CAC
【辨析6】CDD
【辨析7】1-5 ADBAB 6. D
解析：
1.前面是spent,故后面用介词on sth.选A
2.前面是spent,故后面用ing形式。

选D
3.前面是took,故后面用to play.故选B
4.后面有on,故前面用spend.选A
5.后面有for,故前面用pay.选B
6.主语是book,是物，故用cost.选D。