课时作业12：Unit 1 Cultural relics

Unit 1 Cultural relics
Ⅰ.完成句子
1．________that computer plays a very important part in our lives.(doubt)
毫无疑问，电脑在我们的生活中起着非常重要的作用。

2．The little boy has a habit of________，which makes his parents very angry.(take)
这个小男孩有拆开玩具车的习惯，这使他父母非常生气。

3．________when I wanted to give up English，but I hung it there.(time)
曾经有一段时间我想放弃英语，但是我坚持下来了。

4．It was a treasure ________gold and jewels，which took the country's best artists about ten years to make.(decorate)
它是一个用金子和珠宝装饰的珍宝，这个珍宝花费了这个国家最好的艺术家十年的时间才制作成。

5．________that China has more people than any other country.(prove)
中国比其它任何国家的人口都多已被证实。

6．The computer ________is under repair.(belong)
属于我妹妹的电脑正在维修中。

7．________，China will be an advanced and powerful country.(as)
众所周知，中国会成为一个先进的力量强大的国家。

8．It is obvious that the house ________a large family.(design)
很显然，这所房子是为一个大家庭设计的。

9．It is said that the professor's lecture________.(worth)
据说这位教授的演讲很值得听。

10．The employee________ was dismissed by the boss yesterday.(think)
你一直高度评价的那位雇员昨天被老板开除了。

Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
Millions of people around the world cook their food over a smoky fire every day.It is often difficult to find wood for the fire.People who do not have wood must spend large amounts of money on cooking fuel.However, there is a much easier way to cook food using energy from the sun.
Solar cookers, or ovens, have been used for centuries.A Swiss scientist made the first solar oven in 1767.Today, people are using solar cookers in many countries around the world.People use solar ovens to cook food and to heat drinking water to kill bacteria and other harmful organisms.
There are three kinds of solar ovens.The first is a box cooker.It is designed with a special wall that shines or reflects sunlight into the box.Heat gets trapped under a piece of glass or plastic
covering the top of the cooker.A box oven is effective for slow cooking of large amounts of food.
The second kind of solar oven is a panel cooker.It includes several flat walls, or panels, that directly reflect the sun's light onto the food.The food is inside a separate container of plastic or glass that traps heat energy.People can build panel cookers with very few supplies quickly.They do not cost much.In Kenya, for example, panel cookers are being manufactured for just two dollars.
The third kind of solar oven is a parabolic (抛物线的) cooker.It has rounded walls that aim sunlight directly into the bottom of the oven.Food cooks quickly in parabolic ovens.However, these cookers are hard to make.They must be re­aimed often to follow the sun.Parabolic cookers can also cause burns and eye injuries if they are not used correctly.
You can make solar ovens from boxes or heavy paper.They will not catch fire.Paper burns at two hundred thirty­two degrees Celsius.A solar cooker never gets that hot.Solar ovens cook food at low temperatures over long periods of time.This permits people to leave food to cook while they do other things.
1．Which of the following should be the best title for this text?
A．Cooking food with solar energy
B．How to make solar cookers
C．Introduce a new kind of energy
D．Different kinds of cookers
2．From this passage we know that ________.
A．there is no wood for people to use while making a fire now
B．people have been using solar cookers for more than 200 years
C．solar energy is the cleanest energy on the earth
D．more and more people cook food on smoky fires
3．Parabolic cookers may be dangerous to us because ________.
A．they may direct electricity to us humans
B．they may explode easily
C．they may cause burns and eye injuries
D．they may cause fires
4．The third, fourth and fifth paragraphs mainly ________.
A．show how to make solar cookers
B．explain which is the best cooker
C．prove that solar cookers need improving
D．tell us the different making­ups of the three kinds of solar cookers
B
Successful people in international business understand the cultures of other countries and learn to change their practices in different cultures.They understand the importance of avoiding
business decisions based on misconceptions—mistaken ideas.
One cause of misconceptions is ethnocentrism, the belief that one's own culture's way of doing things is better than the way of other cultures.It's ethnocentrism that leads to failure in international business.To avoid ethnocentrism, it's necessary to study the different elements(组成部分) of culture: language, values and attitudes，and customs and manners.
Language
A knowledge of the local language can help international business people in four ways.First, people can communicate directly.Second, people are usually more open in their communication with someone who speaks their language.Third, an understanding of the language allows people to infer meanings that are not said directly.Finally, knowing the language helps people to understand the culture better.
Values and Attitudes
Values are people's basic beliefs about the difference between right and wrong, good and bad.An attitude is a way of thinking or acting.Values and attitudes influence international business.For example, many people in the United States believe that chocolate from Switzerland is better than chocolate from other countries, and they buy a lot of it.
Customs and Manners
Customs are common social practices.Manners are ways of acting that the society believes are polite.For example, in the United States, it is the custom to have salad(色拉) before the main course at dinner, not after.It's not acceptable to talk with food in mouth at table.Failure to understand the customs and manners of other countries will bring difficulty selling their products.Orange juice as a breakfast drink of an American company in France doesn't sell well because the French don't usually drink juice with breakfast.
5．A knowledge of the local language allows international business people ________.
A．to be more open with their customers
B．to communicate without outside help
C．to express their thoughts indirectly
D．to have a better idea of their own culture
6．The act of many people buying chocolate of Switzerland shows the role of ________.
A．manners B．values
C．attitudes D．customs
7．What would be the best title for the text?
A．Misconceptions in Business
B．Basic Beliefs in Business
C．International Business Culture
D．Successful International Business
8．The author's purpose of writing this article is to tell people ________. A．how to take a right attitude in business
B．how to avoid misunderstandings in business
C．how to use a local language in business
D．how to act politely and properly in business
参考答案
Ⅰ.
1．There is no doubt
2．taking apart his toy cars
3．There was a time
4．(that/which was) decorated with
5．It can be proved
6．that/which belongs to my sister或belonging to my sister
7．As is well known to all/As we all know
8．is designed for
9．was well worth listening to
10．(that/which) you have been thinking highly of
Ⅱ.
[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。

文章主要讲述了使用太阳能做饭这一现象。

太阳能的使用已经有很久的历史了，1767年一个瑞士人发明了世界上第一台太阳能烤炉。

现在世界上很多国家的人们都使用太阳能做饭。

文章还介绍了三种太阳能炉的不同构造及特点。

1．A主旨大意题。

综合全文的内容我们可以看出，本文主要讲述了使用太阳能做饭这一现象。

全文始终是围绕这个主题展开的。

据此我们可以确定本题答案为A。

2．B推理判断题。

根据第二段我们可以知道，世界上第一台太阳能烤炉是1767年发明的，据此推算，人类使用太阳能煮食已经有200多年的历史了。

3．C细节理解题。

根据第五段的最后一句“Parabolic cookers can also cause burns and eye injuries if they are not used correctly.”我们可以确定本题答案为C.
4．D主旨大意题。

从第三、第四、第五段的内容来看，它们主要介绍了太阳能炉的三种不同的构造形式。

[语篇解读]成功的生意人之所以能取得成功，一个重要原因是他们能够理解不同的民族文化，并能够根据不同的文化而改变自己的行为。

针对如何避免每个人心中由来已久的“民族优越感”，文章就语言、态度和价值观及风俗习惯等几方面提出了自己的建议。

5．B事实细节题。

由第三段中的First，people can communicate directly.可知本题选B。

6．C推理判断题。

由Values and Attitudes这一段An attitude is a way of thinking or acting.可知答案为C。

7．C主旨大意题。

文章第二段是文章的主题段，由本段可知本题选C。

8．B推理判断题。

由文章第二段可知作者的写作意图是针对如何避免每个人心中由来已久的“民族优越感”提出建议，故本题选B。