2018年江苏省常州市奔牛高级中学高一英语上学期期末试卷含解析

2018年江苏省常州市奔牛高级中学高一英语上学期期
末试卷含解析
一、选择题
1. Professor White has written some short stories，but he is________ known for his plays. A．the best B．more
C．better D．the most
参考答案：
C
本题考查be well known的比较级。

根据句意“怀特教授已经写了一些短篇故事，但他更以他的戏剧而出名”，be well known的比较级应为be better known，故C项正确。

2. Hearing the _______ news that Britain is to simplify its visa application process for Chinese visitors, an _______ look appeared on his face.
A. excited; excited
B. excited; exciting
C. exciting; excited
D. exciting; exciting
参考答案：
C
14. ______ send officials abroad for training, I think it is better for the government to directly admit people who have studied and worked overseas.
A. Other than
B. Rather than
C. Less than
D. More than 参考答案：
B
略
4. It is obvious to the students _____ they should get well prepared for their future.
A. as
B. which
C. whether
D. that
参考答案：
D
5. I invited Joe and Linda to dinner, but _____________ of them came.
A. neither
B. either
C. none
D. both
参考答案：
A
略
6. — Alice, have you heard that the grocery store down the street was ______, and nearly all the things there were stolen?
— God! Reall y? That’s horrible!
A. broken down
B. broken up
C. broken into
D. broken out
参考答案：
C
7. It is reported that a powerful earthquake ______the Italian island of Sicily early this morning.
A. happened
B. caused
C. occurred
D. struck
参考答案：
C
8. It was in l969 two Americans went to the moon by spaceship．
A．that B．before C．when D．since
参考答案：
A
9. Playing ____ piano for the first time is____ experience that I won’t forget.
A. a; an
B. the; an
C. the; the
D. a; the
参考答案：
B
10. You cannot _________ (competitor) with others in the job market if you don’t
have a special skill.
参考答案：
compete
11. ______ the ancient Egyptians built the pyramids puzzled people for centuries.
A. Whether
B. What
C. How
D. Where
参考答案：
C
12. --- What’s wrong? You look pale.
--- Nothing serious. I’m just feeling ______ tired after the long walk.
A. lots of
B. a bit of
C. plenty of
D. kind of
参考答案：
D
【详解】考查短语辨析。

句意：——怎么了？你脸色苍白。

——没什么大不了的。

我只是走了很长一段路后觉得有点累。

A. lots of很多，修饰可数或不可数名词；B. a bit of有点，修饰不可数名词；C. plenty of很多，修饰可数或不可数名词；D. kind of 有点、有几分，修饰形容词。

根据句意和结构可知这里使用kind of有点，修饰形容词tired，故选D。

13. My new classmate told us about his trip to ______ Great Wall. He said it was _______ exciting
experience for him.
A. the; an
B.不填; the
C. the; 不填
D.不填; a
参考答案：
A
14. There was an oil painting ________ in the corner. It ________ there for several days. A．laying; had laid B．lain; had laid
C．lying; had lain D．laid; had been lain
参考答案：
C
[考查非谓语动词和时态。

句意：角落里有一张油画，它已经在那里好几天啦。

第一空意思为“躺在那里”用lying作定语修饰painting；第二空意思为“已经躺在那里”用过去完成时。

]
22. Good services of the city government have made _____ possible for foreign trade to develop very quickly.
A. which
B. it
C. them
D. that
参考答案：
B
略
16. —Have you paid the rent of the house?
—The rent of the house? ________.
A. That isn't due yet
B. Are you sure?
C. The house needs repair.
D. Please remember the amount.
参考答案：
A
17. It is quite_______ shock to the whole nation that the Malaysia Airlines Flight MH370 has been out of _______ touch for more than a month.
A. the; /
B. a; /
C. /; the
D. a; the
参考答案：
B
18. Are senior high teachers ________ junior high teachers?
A. similar to
B. similar in
C. different to
D. different in
参考答案：
A
【详解】考查固定短语。

句意：高中老师与初中老师类似吗？固定短语be different from“与……不同”；be similar to“与……相似”，根据句意以及搭配关系，故选A。

二、书面表达
19. 假设你是某高中学生李华，进入高中之后，你觉得学习英语的方式与初中有很大不同。

你给自己初中的英语老师写了一封信，讲述自己学习英语的情况。

请你根据下面的提示写出此信。

1．开始学习高中英语时，觉得比初中所学的要难得多，几乎丧失信心。

2．后来认识到学习英语的重要性。

3．每天努力学习英语。

4．向老师和同学请教更好的学习英语的方法。

5．现在英语取得了很大的进步，对英语越来越感兴趣。

注意：100-120词左右。

注意：行文连贯，不要逐句罗列要点，注意分段。

Dear Mr Li,
______________________________________________________________________ __
________________________________________________________________________ _____
________________________________________________________________________ _____
________________________________________________________________________ _____
________________________________________________________________________ _____
____________________________________________________
Yours ,
Li Hua
参考答案：
Dear Mr. Li,
I’m glad to tell you that I have made great progress in my English study since I became a senior high school student.
When I started senior English in the beginning, I found it much more difficult then I almost lost heart. Later, I gradually realized the importance of English, so I worked hard every day, such as reciting and reading as often as possible. I also asked my teachers and classmates for better ways of learning English.
It is their help and your encouragement that help me improve my English. And now I’m getting more interested in it. Thank you so much for your great help.
Wish you all the best.
Yours ,
Li Hua
三、阅读理解
20. One of the most popular American singers of the twentieth century was Elvis Presley. He made the Rock & Roll music popular around the world. He sold millions of records and made many successful films, and he helped change the direction of popular music in the 1960s.
Elvis Presley was born in a poor family in 1935. His parents were simple country people who often took him to church, where he learned to sing and he never forgot the kind of songs that he used to sing in church as a child.
When he was a teenager, Elvis moved from Tupelos to Memphis in Tennessee, where he attended high school, but he was not a good student. His only real interest was singing. He began to sing in the style that is called “country and western”.
In 1955 he recorded some songs for his mother's birthday. The people at the recording studio liked his singing and his music. There was something different about it. It was country and western music, but it also sounded a little like the music, which black people used to sing in the American South, music known as “blues”.
Shortly after that, Elvis met Tom Parker, who became his manager and arranged(安排)concerts for him across the United States and new recordings as well. Soon Elvis rose to fame all over the country. Later, Elvis went to Hollywood and began to appear in films like Love Me Tender and King Creole.
But Elvis found it hard to live with success, like many other entertainment personalities (娱乐圈内的人士) .He began to take drugs and his health began to suffer. When he died at an early age of 42 in 1977, his many millions of fans were shocked. “The King Is Dead!” the newspaper said. But today his memory and his music live on and he will always be remembered as the King of Rock & Roll.
15. Judging from the passage, we may conclude____ .
A. Elvis forgot his church music at a later age
B. his church songs helped his development in his singing
C. Elvis didn't get any help from his parents in singing
D. his church songs didn't help develop his own style
16. What was Elvis’s style of singing like mos t probably?
A. Only country and western.
B. Only country and blue.
C. Both western and country.
D. Not only country and western but also a bit “blues”.
17. What was the main reason for death ?
A. A car accident
B. Killing by others
C. Taking drugs
D. Heart attract
参考答案：
15.B
16.D
17.C
an early age of 42 in 1977, his many millions of fans were shocked.可知由于吸毒，猫王42岁救去世了。

故C正确。

21. There are two factors which determine an individual’s intelligence. The first is the sort of brain he is born with. Human brains differ considerably, some being more capable than others. But no matter how good a brain he has to begin with, an individual will have a low order of intelligence unless he has opportunities to learn. So the second factor is what happens to the individual --- the sort of environment in which he is raised. If an individual is handicapped environmentally, it is likely that his brain will fail to develop and he will never get to the level of intelligence of which he is capable.
The importance of environment in determining an individual’s intelligence can be demonstrated by the case history of the identical twins, Peter and Mark. Being identical, the twins had identical brains at birth, and their growth processes were the same. When the twins were three months old, their parents died, and they were placed in separate foster homes. Peter was brought up by parents of low intelligence in an isolated community with poor educational opportunities. Mark was brought up in the home of well-to-do parents who had been to college. He was read to as a child, sent to good schools, and given every opportunity to be stimulated intellectually. This environmental difference continued until the twins were in their late teens, when they were gi ven tests to measure their intelligence. Mark’s I.Q. was 125, twenty-five points higher than the average and fully forty points higher than his identical brother. Given equal opportunities, the twins, having identical brains, would have tested at roughly the same level.
46. This selection can best be titled_______.
A. Measuring Your Intelligence
B. Intelligence and Environment
C. The Case of Peter and Mark
D. How the brain Influences Intelligence
47. The best statement of the main idea of this passage is that _______.
A. human brains differ considerably
B. the brain a person is born with is important in determining his intelligence
C. environment is crucial in determining a person’s intelligence
D. person having identical brains will have roughly the same intelligence
48. The case history of the twins appears to support the conclusion that _______.
A. individual with identical brains seldom test at same level
B. an individual’s intelligence is determined only by his environment
C. lack of opportunity blocks the growth of intelligence
D. changes of environment produce changes in the structure of the brain
49. This passage suggests that an individual’s I.Q._______.
A. can be predicted at birth
B. stays the same throughout his life
C. can be increased by education
D. is determined by his childhood
参考答案：
46. B 47. C 48. C 49. C
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了智力和环境的关系，同样智力水平的人，环境和教育不一样，
智商也会有很大的不同。

【46题详解】
主旨大意题。

根据第一段中的“So the second factor is what happens to the individual --- the sort of environment in which he is raised.”可知，本文主要介绍了智力和环境的关系，故B 项正确。

【47题详解】
细节理解题。

根据第二段第一句“The importance of environment in determining an individual’s intelligence can be demonstrated by the case h istory of the identical twins, Peter and Mark.”可知，双胞胎Peter 和Mark受不同的环境的影响，最后智力水平也不同是环境对决定一个人智力的重要性的最好证明，由此可知，环境对决定一个人的智力至关重要是对文章观点的最好表述，故C项正确。

【48题详解】
推理判断题。

根据最后一段中的“Given equal opportunities, the twins, having identical brains, would have tested at roughl y the same level”可知，如果机会均等，这对拥有相同智力水平的双胞胎，测试结果将大致相同，由此可知，缺乏机会阻碍智力的发展，故C项正确。

【49题详解】
推理判断题。

根据第二段中的“Mark was brought up in the home of well-to-do parents who had been to college. He was read to as a child, sent to good schools, and given every opportunity to be stimulated intellectually.”可知，马克在上过大学的富裕家庭长大，小时经常听故事，被送到好的学校读书，并被给予各种机会去激发他的智力，最后的智商测试表明马克的智商远高于他的孪生兄弟彼得，由此可知，一个人的智商可以通过教育提高，故C项正确。

【点睛】主旨大意题的难度较大，抓住文章主题是关键。

例如本篇第1题，根据第一段中的“So the second factor is what happens to the individual --- the sort of environment in which he is raised.”可知影响智力的第二个因素是他成长的环境，再结合第二段第一句“The importance of environment in determining an individual’s intelligence can be demonstrated by the case history of the identical twins, Peter and Mark.”可知，双胞胎Peter 和Mark受不同的环境的影响，最后智力水平也不同是环境对决定一个人智力的重要性的最好证明，由此可知，本文主要介绍的是智力和环境的关系。