Conflicts in the Return of the Native
经典名著《最后一战》英汉互译-更高更深路
经典名著《最后一战》英汉互译-更高更深路"KNOW, O Warlike Kings," said Emeth, "and you, O ladies whose beauty illuminates the universe, that I am Emeth the seventh son of Harpha Tarkaan of the city of Tehishbaan, Westward beyond the desert. I came lately into Narnia with nine and twenty others under the command of Rishda Tarkaan Now when I first heard that we should march upon Narnia I rejoiced; for I had heard many things of your Land and desired greatly to meet you in battle. But when I found that we were to go in disguised as merchants (which is a shameful dress for a warrior and the son of a Tarkaan) and to work by lies and trickery, then my joy departed from me. And most of all when I found we must wait upon a Monkey, and when it began to be said that Tash and Aslan were one, then the world became dark in my eyes. For always since I was a boy I have served Tash and my great desire was to know more of him, if it might be, to look upon his face. But the name of Aslan was hateful to me."And, as you have seen, we were called together outside the straw-roofed hovel, night after night, and the fire was kindled, and the Ape brought forth out of the hovel something upon four legs that I could not well see. And the people and the Beasts bowed down and did honour to it. But I thought, the Tarkaan is deceived by the Ape： for this thing that comes out of the stable is neither Tash nor any other god. But when I watched the Tarkaan's face, and marked every word that he said to the Monkey, then I changed my mind： for I saw that the Tarkaan did not believe in it himself. And thenI understood that he did not believe in Tash at all： for if he had, how could he dare to mock him?"When I understood this, a great rage fell upon me and I wondered that the true Tash did not strike down both the Monkey and the Tarkaan with fire from heaven. Nevertheless I hid my anger and held my tongue and waited to see how it would end. But last night, as some of you know, the Monkey brought not forth the yellow thing but said that all who desired to look upon Tashlan - for so they mixed the two words to pretend that they were all one - must pass one by one into the hovel. And I said to myself, Doubtless this is some other deception. But when the Cat had followed in and had come out again in a madness of terror, then I said to myself, Surely the true Tash, whom they called on without knowledge or belief, has now come among us, and will avenge himself. And though my heart was turned into water inside me because of the greatness and terror of Tash, yet my desire was stronger than my fear, and I put force upon my knees to stay them from trembling, and on my teeth that they should not chatter, and resolved to look upon the face of Tash though he should slay me. So I offered myself to go into the hovel; and the Tarkaan, though unwillingly, let me go."As soon as I had gone in at the door, the first wonder was that I found myself in this great sunlight (as we all are now) though the inside of the hovel had looked dark from outside. But I had no time to marvel at this, for immediately I was forced to fight for my head against one of our own men. As soon as I saw him I understood that the Monkey and the Tarkaan had set him there to slay any who came in if he were not in their secrets： so that this man also was a liar and amocker and no true servant of Tash. I had the better will to fight him; and having slain the villain, I cast him out behind me through the door."Then I looked about me and saw the sky and the wide lands, and smelled the sweetness. And I said, By the Gods, this is a pleasant place： it may be that I am come into the country of Tash. And I began to journey into the strange country and to seek him."So I went over much grass and many flowers and among all kinds of wholesome and delectable trees till lo! in a narrow place between two rocks there came to meet me a great Lion. The speed of him was like the ostrich, and his size was an elephant's; his hair was like pure gold and the brightness of his eyes like gold that is liquid in the furnace. He was more terrible than the Flaming Mountain of Lagour, and in beauty he surpassed all that is in the world even as the rose in bloom surpasses the dust of the desert. Then I fell at his feet and thought, Surely this is the hour of death, for the Lion (who is worthy of all honour) will know that I have served Tash all my days and not him. Nevertheless, it is better to see the Lion and die than to be Tisroc of the world and live and not to have seen him. But the Glorious One bent down his golden head and touched my forehead with his tongue and said, Son, thou art welcome. But I said, Alas, Lord, I am no son of thine but the servant of Tash. He answered, Child, all the service thou hast done to Tash, I account as service done to me. Then by reasons of my great desire for wisdom and understanding, I overcame my fear and questioned the Glorious One and said, Lord, is it then true, as the Ape said, that thou and Tash are one? The Lion growled so that the earthshook (but his wrath was not against me) and said, It is false. Not because he and I are one, but because we are opposites, I take to me the services which thou hast done to him. For I and he are of such different kinds that no service which is vile can be done to me, and none which is not vile can be done to him. Therefore if any man swear by Tash and keep his oath for the oath's sake, it is by me that he has truly sworn, though he know it not, and it is I who reward him. And if any man do a cruelty in my name, then, though he says the name Aslan, it is Tash whom he serves and by Tash his deed is accepted. Dost thou understand, Child? I said, Lord, thou knowest how much I understand. But I said also (for the truth constrained me), Yet I have been seeking Tash all my days. Beloved, said the Glorious One, unless thy desire had been for me thou wouldst not have sought so long and so truly. For all find what they truly seek."Then he breathed upon me and took away the trembling from my limbs and caused me to stand upon my feet. And after that, he said not much, but that we should meet again, and I must go further up and further in. Then he turned him about in a storm and flurry of gold and was gone suddenly."And since then, O Kings and Ladies, I have been wandering to find him and my happiness is so great that it even weakens me like a wound. And this is the marvel of marvels, that he called me Beloved, me who am but as a dog -""Eh? What's that?" said one of the Dogs."Sir," said Emeth. "It is but a fashion of speech which we have in Calormen.""Well, I can't say it's one I like very much," said the Dog."He doesn't mean any harm," said an older Dog."After all, we call our puppies Boys when they don't behave properly.""So we do," said the first Dog. "Or girls.""S-s-sh!" said the Old Dog. "That's not a nice word to use. Remember where you are.""Look!" said Jill suddenly. Someone was coming, rather timidly, to meet them; a graceful creature on four feet, all silvery-grey. And they stared at him for a whole ten seconds before five or six voices said all at once, "Why, it's old Puzzle!" They had never seen him by daylight with the lion-skin off, and it made an extraordinary difference. He was himself now： a beautiful donkey with such a soft, grey coat and such a gentle, honest face that if you had seen him you would have done just what Jill and Lucy did - rushed forward and put your arms round his neck and kissed his nose and stroked his ears.When they asked him where he had been he said he had come in at the door along with all the other creatures but he had - well, to tell the truth, he had been keeping out of their way as much as he could; and out of Aslan's way. For thesight of the real Lion had made him so ashamed of all that nonsense about dressing up in a lion-skin that he did not know how to look anyone in the face. But when he saw that all his friends were going away Westward, and after he had had a mouthful of grass ("And I've never tasted such good grass inmy life," said Puzzle), he plucked up his courage and followed. "But what I'll do if I really have to meet Aslan, I'm sure I don't know," he added."You'll find it will be all right when you really do," said Queen Lucy.Then they went forward together, always Westward, forthat seemed to be the direction Aslan had meant when he cried out, "Further up and futher in." Many other creatures were slowly moving the same way, but that grassy country was very wide and there was no crowding.It still seemed to be early, and the morning freshness was in the air. They kept on stopping to look round and to look behind them, partly because it was so beautiful but partly also because there was something about it which they could not understand."Peter," said Lucy, "where is this, do you suppose?""I don't know," said the High King. "It reminds me of somewhere but I can't give it a name. Could it be somewhere we once stayed for a holiday when we were very, very small?""It would have to have been a jolly good holiday," said Eustace. "I bet there isn't a country like this anywhere in our world. Look at the colours! You couldn't get a blue like the blue on those mountains in our world.""Is it not Aslan's country?" said Tirian."Not like Aslan's country on top of that mountain beyond the Eastern end of the world," said Jill. "I've been there.""If you ask me," said Edmund, "it's like somewhere in the Narnian world. Look at those mountains ahead - and the bigice-mountains beyond them. Surely they're rather like the mountains we used to see from Narnia, the ones up Westward beyond the Waterfall?""Yes, so they are," said Peter. "Only these are bigger.""I don't think those ones are so very like anything in Narnia," said Lucy. "But look there." She pointed Southwardto their left, and everyone stopped and turned to look. "Those hills," said Lucy, "the nice woody ones and the blue ones behind - aren't they very like the Southern border of Narnia?""Like!" cried Edmund after a moment's silence. "Why,they're exactly like. Look, there's Mount Pire with hisforked head, and there's the pass into Archenland and everything!""And yet they're not like," said Lucy. "They're different. They have more colours on them and they look further awaythan I remembered and they're more .. . more . . . oh, Idon't know...""More like the real thing," said the Lord Digory softly.Suddenly Farsight the Eagle spread his wings, soaredthirty or forty feet up into the air, circled round and then alighted on the ground."Kings and Queens," he cried, "we have all been blind. We are only beginning to see where we are. From up there I have seen it all - Ettinsmuir, Beaversdam, the Great River, andCair Paravel still shining on the edge of the Eastern Sea. Narnia is not dead. This is Narnia.""But how can it be?" said Peter. "For Aslan told us older ones that we should never return to Narnia, and here we are.""Yes," said Eustace. "And we saw it all destroyed and the sun put out.""And it's all so different," said Lucy."The Eagle is right," said the Lord Digory. "Listen, Peter. When Aslan said you could never go back to Narnia, he meant the Narnia you were thinking of. But that was not the real Narnia. That had a beginning and an end. It was only a shadow or a copy of the real Narnia which has always been here and always will be here： just as our world, England and all, is only a shadow or copy of something in Aslan's real world. You need not mourn over Narnia, Lucy. All of the old Narnia that mattered, all the dear creatures, have been drawn into the real Narnia through the Door. And of course it is different; as different as a real thing is from a shadow or as waking life is from a dream." His voice stirred everyone like a trumpet as he spoke these words： but when he added under his breath "It's all in Plato, all in Plato： bless me, what do they teach them at these schools!" the older ones laughed. It was so exactly like the sort of thing they had heard him say long ago in that other world where his beard was grey instead of golden. He knew why they were laughing and joined in the laugh himself. But very quickly they all became grave again： for, as you know, there is a kind of happiness and wonder that makes you serious. It is too good to waste on jokes.It is as hard to explain how this sunlit land was different from the old Narnia as it would be to tell you how the fruits of that country taste. Perhaps you will get some idea of it if you think like this. You may have been in a room in which there was a window that looked out on a lovely bay of the sea or a green valley that wound away among mountains. And in the wall of that room opposite to the window there may have been a lookingglass. And as you turned away from the window you suddenly caught sight of that sea or that valley, all over again, in the looking glass. And the sea in the mirror, or the valley in the mirror, were in one sense just the same as the real ones： yet at the same time they were somehow different - deeper, more wonderful, more like places in a story： in a story you have never heard but very much want to know. The difference between the old Narnia and the new Narnia was like that. The new one was a deeper country： every rock and flower and blade of grass looked as if it meant more. I can't describe it any better than that：if ever you get there you will know what I mean.It was the Unicorn who summed up what everyone was feeling. He stamped his right fore-hoof on the ground and neighed, and then cried："I have come home at last! This is my real country! I belong here. This is the land I have been looking for all my life, though I never knew it till now. The reason why we loved the old Narnia is that it sometimes looked a littlelike this. Bree-hee-hee! Come further up, come further in!"He shook his mane and sprang forward into a great gallop - a Unicorn's gallop, which, in our world, would have carriedhim out of sight in a few moments. But now a most strangething happened. Everyone else began to run, and they found,to their astonishment, that they could keep up with him： not only the Dogs and the humans but even fat little Puzzle and short-legged Poggin the Dwarf. The air flew in their faces as if they were driving fast in a car without a windscreen. The country flew past as if they were seeing it from the windowsof an express train. Faster and faster they raced, but no one got hot or tired or out of breath.15、更高更深路“尚武的国王们啊，”伊梅思说道，“美丽照耀宇宙的女士们啊，奉告各位，我是伊梅思，大沙漠外西边的蒂希什班城的‘泰坎’哈泮的第七代后裔。
英语作文《历史的流年》
The Flow of HistoryGrowing up, I was always fascinated by the stories of the past. The tales of ancient civilizations, the rise and fall of empires, and the lives of great leaders captivated my imagination. It was as if history was a grand tapestry, woven with threads of time, and I was eager to explore every inch of it.My journey into the depths of history began with a simple book from the school library. It was a biography of Cleopatra, the last Pharaoh of Ancient Egypt. The book painted a vivid picture of her life, from her struggles for power to her tragic end. I was mesmerized by her intelligence, her charisma, and her indomitable spirit. She was a woman who defied the odds and stood against the might of Rome, and her story inspired me to learn more about the world that she lived in.As I delved deeper into history, I discovered the rich tapestry of human experience. I learned about the great civilizations that shaped the world, from the Egyptians and the Greeks to the Romans and the Chinese. I marveled at their achievements in art, science, and philosophy, and I was humbled by their struggles and failures.One of the most intriguing periods in history for me is the Renaissance. It was a time of great change and innovation, when artists, scientists, and thinkers challenged the status quo and pushed the boundaries of human knowledge. The works of Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, and Galileo Galilei were not just artistic masterpieces, but also testaments to the human spirits boundless curiosity and creativity.History is also a record of human folly and conflict. The two World Wars, for instance, were devastating events that claimed millions of lives and reshaped the world in profound ways. The Holocaust, a dark chapter in human history, is a stark reminder of the horrors that can arise from hatred and prejudice. These events, though painful, serve as important lessons for future generations, urging us to strive for peace and understanding.In my exploration of history, I have come to appreciate the interconnectedness of our world. The Silk Road, for example, was a network of trade routes that connected the East and the West, facilitating the exchange of goods, ideas, and cultures. The impact of this ancient trade route can still be felt today, as it laid the foundation for globalization and cultural diversity.Moreover, history has shown me the power of resilience and perseverance. The story of Nelson Mandela, who fought against apartheid and became the first black president of South Africa, is a testament to the human spirits ability to overcome adversity andinjustice. His life serves as an inspiration for people around the world to stand up for what is right, no matter the odds.In conclusion, history is a rich and complex narrative that offers valuable insights into the human experience. It is a mirror that reflects our past, present, and future, and it is a guide that helps us navigate the complexities of our world. As I continue to explore the flow of history, I am reminded of the words of the philosopher George Santayana: Those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it. Let us learn from history, so that we may build a better future for all.。
英国文学课件--Crossing-the-Bar精选全文
Rereading/Analyzing the Text
• What does Tennyson want to do after crossing the bar?
• What is the literal voyage described? • What DOESN’T the speaker want
Tennyson, the man (continued)
• In 1850 he published in Memoriam, an elegy that tells the story of his own recovery of faith in the immortality of the soul and the harmony of creations – despite the new, unsettling discoveries of science and his deep sense of the unfairness of death.
Questions for Crossing the Bar
What do you predict the images of harbor, bar (sandbar), and sea in this poem will symbolize?
A bar is a sandbar at the mouth of a harbor. Beyond the bar is deep sea.
Rereading/Analyzing the Text
eread the first stanza.
From whom do you think the speaker receives this “one clear call”
牛津译林版2020高中英语选择性必修第三册Unit 4 单元核心知识点
5.assess vt. 评估,评定;估算 教材重温 For years, a panel of specialists discussed and assessed different means of repairing the pagoda.(P47) 多年来,一个专家小组讨论和评估了修复宝塔的不同方法。 语境速测 单句语法填空 ①Spend some time assessing _w_h_a_t_you like and dislike about your current situation. ②Many of the adults were _a_s_s_es_s_e_d_(assess) as having learning difficulties. 完成句子 ③Pulling into the first parking lot I found, I stopped it and climbed out to _a_s_s_es_s_t_h_e__si_t_u_a_ti_o_n_. 我把车开进我找到的第一个停车场,停了下来,出来评估情况。
n.顾问;评判员
One approach is to make an assessment of what the other person is telling you and then check it
with them. 一种方法是对别人告诉你的内容进行评估,然后与他们核实。
6.cooperation n. 合作,协作;协助,配合 教材重温 This success demonstrates the power of international cooperation in times of crisis.(P48) 这一成功表明了危机时期国际合作的力量。 语境速测 单句语法填空 ①China will continue its vaccine cooperation w__it_h_relevant countries, offer support within its capability and
一个英语生的文学导论课笔记
An introduction to literature Literature一、What is literature?⏹Literature comes from Latin "litterae", meaning "letter" in English.⏹The word literature literally means "acquaintance with letters" and the term"letters" is sometimes used to signify "literature," as in the figures of speech "arts and letters" and "man of letters."⏹General meanings?①published writings in a particular style on a particular subject (publications, books, brochures and so on)②creative writing of recognized artistic value (artistic and literary writings)③the profession or art of a writer (vocation)④the humanistic study of a body of literature (subject)⑤musical product⑥knowledge or learning⑦reading (supplementary literature)A Crazy Act♦Literature is about writing in a particular country of a period, all over the world in general.♦Literature is a writing which has claimed to consider underground of beauty of form, and emotional effect. (Aestheticism)♦Literature is all the writings that have permanent value, excellent form and great emotional effect.♦Literature is a writing having excellence of form or expression, and expressing ideas of permanence of universal interest. (critical mind)♦ A developing term.AestheticismAestheticism (or the Aesthetic Movement) was a 19th century European art movement that emphasized aesthetic values more than socio-political themes for literature, fine art, the decorative arts, and interior design.Generally, it represents the same tendencies that symbolism or decadence represented in France, and may be considered the British version of the same style.It was part of the anti-19th century reaction and had post-Romantic origins, and as such anticipates modernism. It was a feature of the late 19th century from about 1868 to about 1900.The artists and writers of Aesthetic style used the slogan "Art for Art's Sake"(艺术是纯粹的), tended to profess that the Arts should provide refined sensuous pleasure, rather than convey moral or sentimental messages. Instead, they believed that Art did not have any didactic purpose; it need only be beautiful.The Aesthetes developed a cult of beauty, which they considered the basic factor of art. Life should copy Art, they asserted. They considered nature as crude and lacking in design when compared to art.In Britain the best representatives were Oscar Wilde and Algernon Charles Swinburne, also including John Keats and Percy Bysshe Shelley, greatly influenced by the French Symbolists.Oscar Wilde (1856-1900):a. an Irish playwright, an aesthete advocating “art for art’s sake”.b. His language is concise, witty and sharp. He criticizes the hypocrisy and corruption of the upper class. His attacks are more like jokes.dy Windermere’s Fan, A Woman of No Importance, An Ideal Husband and The Importance of Being EarnestA developing term.What is literature?1)The definition of 14th century:➢It means polite learning through reading. A man of literature or a man of letters = a man of wide reading, “literacy”2)The definition of 18th century:➢practice and profession of writing3)The definition of 19th century:➢the high skills of writing in the special context of high imagination4)Robert Frost’s definition:➢performance in words5)Modern definition:➢We can define literature as language artistically used to achieve identifiable literary qualities and to convey meaningful messages. Literature is characterized by beauty of expression and form and by universality intellectual and emotional appeal.Different Ideas♦Literature is imitation.♦Literature is function.♦Literature is an expression of emotions. (imagism意象派)♦Literature is literature.（pay attention to its form）Imagism1)It is a Movement in U.S. and English poetry characterized by the use ofconcrete language and figures of speech, modern subject matter, metrical freedom, and avoidance of romantic or mystical themes, aiming at clarity of expression through the use of precise visual images.2)It grew out of the Symbolist Movement in 1912 and was initially led by EzraPound, Amy Lowell, and others.3)The Imagist manifesto came out in 1912 showed three Imagist poeticprinciples: direct treatment of the “thing”（no fuss, frill, or ornament）, exclusion of superfluous words（precision and economy of expression）, the rhythm of the musical phrase rather than the sequence of a metronome（free verse form and music）.4)Pound defined an image as that which presents an intellectual and emotionalcomplex in an instant of time, and later he extended this definition when he stated that an image was “a vortex or cluster of fused ideas, endowed with energy.”5)Generally an Imagist’s image represents a moment of revealed truth, trut hrevealed by a physical object presented and seen as such. An Imagist poem, therefore, often contains a single dominant image, or a quick succession of related images. Its effect is meant to be instantaneous. For example:In a Station of the MetroThe apparition of these faces in the crowd;Petals on a wet, black bough.人群中幽然浮现的一张张脸庞，黝黑的湿树枝上的一片片花瓣。
the return of the native 还乡
Brief introduction to -----Thomas Hardy
Thomas hardy
• Birth: June 2, 1840 in a mason’s family in Dorset • About him: English novelist, poet, a Victorian realist • Experience: End formal education → architect →writer
novel Works
Hardy himself divided his novels into three groups: 1)Novels of romances & fantasies传奇与幻想 小说 2）novels of ingenuity & experiment机巧和实验小 说 3)Novels of characters & environment性格与环境 小说
• The heaven being spread with this pallid screen and the earth with the darkest vegetation, their meeting-line at the horizon was clearly marked. • The face of the heath by its mere complexion added half an hour to evening; it could in like manner retard the dawn, sadden noon, anticipate the frowning of storms scarcely generated, and intensify the opacity of a moonless midnight to a cause of shaking and dread.
破坏和谐的气氛英语作文
In the tranquility of a serene afternoon,the harmony of the atmosphere can be easily disrupted by a single act of discord.Lets explore the scenario through a narrative that unfolds the essence of such an event.It was a typical Sunday afternoon in the heart of a bustling city.The park was filled with families,couples,and friends enjoying the pleasant weather.Children were playing, laughter echoed through the air,and the scent of freshly bloomed flowers added to the overall charm of the setting.However,the tranquility was not meant to last.A group of teenagers,seemingly out of place in this peaceful environment,entered the park.They were loud,boisterous,and appeared to be in search of trouble.Their presence immediately drew attention,and the once harmonious atmosphere began to shift.As they moved through the park,they left a trail of chaos.They kicked around a soccer ball,nearly hitting a toddler they played loud music from their portable speakers, drowning out the gentle rustling of leaves and the melodic chirping of birds.Their behavior was disruptive,and it was clear that they had no regard for the people around them.A couple,deeply engrossed in conversation,was interrupted by the groups raucous laughter.An elderly man,trying to enjoy a quiet moment with his book,was forced to move away from the noise.Even the ducks in the pond seemed agitated,disturbed by the sudden change in their peaceful surroundings.The climax of the disruption occurred when the teenagers decided to engage in a water fight,using the public drinking fountain as their source.Water splashed everywhere, soaking passersby and turning the once pristine path into a slippery,wet mess.Parents hurried to gather their children,worried about the potential for accidents and the loss of the days enjoyment.It was then that a park ranger intervened.With a stern voice and a firm hand,he dispersed the group,reminding them of the rules and the importance of respecting public spaces.As the teenagers reluctantly left,the park slowly began to regain its former harmony.The laughter returned,the music softened,and the parkgoers resumed their activities, albeit with a tinge of wariness.The incident served as a stark reminder of the fragility of peace and the responsibility each individual holds in maintaining it.In conclusion,the harmony of an atmosphere,whether in a park or any shared space,isdelicate and can be easily shattered by inconsiderate actions.It is up to each of us to be mindful of our behavior and to contribute positively to the environments we inhabit.。
科技英语常见问题
• They believed that the thoughts of ecological agriculture in developed countries had little scientific contents and was not feasible in practical production.
科技英语常见问题
问题分类
• 语法问题 • 修反一致性原则 • 错误使用关联词 • 用词不当 • 标点符号使用不当
违反一致性原则
• 代词与名词不一致（Pronoun/Noun Conflicts）
• 主语与谓语不一致（Subject/Predicate Conflicts）
• In the past, people knew only a few of celestial body in the universe. [过去，人们仅 对宇宙中的少数星体有所了解。]
• Much have recently been done in the researches on the superconductors. [近来在 超导体研究方面做了大量工作。]
指示代词与其所修饰的名词不一致
• These kind of studies was not started until the new experimental equipment was imported from a developed country. [这类研究直到从一发达国家 进口得到新的实验设备后才开始进行。]
• [研究表明，键长为2.535 ，键角为104.3o 。] • :angstrom
• After the key problem had been over come, the rest was easily solved.
高级英语第二册第十四课学习辅导资料
paigns celebrating the Big Apple, those T-shirts with a heart design proclaiming “I love New York,”are signs, pathetic in their desperation, of how the m ighty has fallen. New York City used to leave the bragging to others, for bragg ing w as “bush” Being unique, the biggest and the best, New York didn’t have to assert how special it was.’t the top anym ore, at least if the top is m easured by who begets the styles and sets the trends. Nowadays New York is out of phase with American taste as often as it is out of step with Am erican politics. Once it was the nation’s undisputed fashion authority, but it too long resisted the incom ing casual style and lost its m onopoly. No longer so looked up to or copied, New York even prides itself on being a holdout from prevailing Am erican trends, a place to escape Comm on Denom inator Land.ore and m ore evident. A dozen other cities have buildings m ore inspired architecturally than any built in New York City in the past twenty years. The giant Manhattan television studios where Toscanini’s NBCSym phony once played now sit empty m ost of the time, while sitcoms cloned and canned in Hollywood, and the Johnny Carson show live, preem pt the airways from California. Tin Pan Alley has m oved to Nashville and Hollywood. Vegas casinos routinely pay heavy sum s to singers and entertainers whom no nightspot in Manhattan can afford to hire. In sports, the bigger superdom es, the m ore exciting teams, them ost enthusiastic fans, are often found elsewhere.–being regarded as unfriendly, unsafe, overcrowded, and expensive –but it is m aking som ething of a com eback as a tourist attraction. Even so, m ost Americans would probably rate New Orleans, San Francisco, Washington, or Disneyland higher. A dozen other cities, including m yhom etown of Seattle, are widely considered better cities to live in.any Europeans call New York their favorite city? They take m ore readily than do m ost Americans to its cosm opolitan com plexities, its surviving, aloof, European standards, its alien mixtures. Perhaps som e of these Europeans are reassured by the sight, on the twin fashion avenues of Madison and Fifth, of all those familiar international nam es – the jewelers, shoe stores, and designer shops that exist to flatter and bilk the frivolous rich. But no; what m ost excites Europeans is the city’s charged, nervous atm osphere, its vulgar dynam ism .share of articulate losers, it is also about m ockery, the put-down , the loser’s shrug (“whaddya gonna do?”). It is about constant battles for subway seats, for a cabdriver’s or a clerk’s or a waiter’s attention, for a foothold , a chance, a better address, a larger billing. To win in New York is to be uneasy; to lose is to live in jostling proxim ity to the frustrated majority.e. And though I have lived there m ore than half m y life, you won’t find m e wearing an “I Love New York”T-shirt. But all in all, I can’t think of m any places in the world I’d rather live. It’s not easy to define why.’s pleasures are m uch qualified in New York. You never see a star-filledsky; the city’s bright glow arrogantly obscures the heavens. Sunsets can be spectacular: oranges and reds tinting the sky over the Jersey m eadows and gaudily reflected in a thousand windows on Manha ttan’s jagged skyline. Nature constantly yields to m an in New York: witness those fragile sidewalk trees gamely struggling against encroaching cem ent and petrol fum es. Central Park, which Frederick Law Olm sted designed as lungs for the city’s poor, i s in places grassless and filled with trash, no longer pristine yet lively with the noise and vivacity of people, largely youths, blacks, and Puerto Ricans, enjoying them selves. On park benches sit older people,m ostly white, looking displaced. It has becom e less a tranquil park than an untidy carnival.our of the city, which never beckoned to m e from a distance, but itsopportunity –to practice the kind of journalism I wanted –drew me to New York. I wasn’t even sure how I’d m easure up against others who had been m ore soundly educated at Ivy League schools, or whether I could com pete against that tough local breed, those intellectual sons of immigrants, so highly m otivated and single-minded, such as Alfred Kazin, who for div ersion (for heaven’t sake!) played Bach’s Unaccompanied Partitas on the violin.ost banal and m arketable of one’s talents, still draws m any of the young to New York. That and, as always, the com pany of others fleeing som ething constricting where they cam e from. Together these young share a freedom, a community of inexpensive am usements, a casualliving, and som e rough tim es. It can’t be the living conditions that appeal, for only fond mem ory will forgive the inconvenience, risk, and squalor. Comm ercial Broadway m ay be inaccessible to them, but there is off- Broadway, and then off-off-Broadway. If painters disdain Madison Avenue’s plush art galleries, Madison Avenue dealers set up shop in the grubby precincts of Soho. But the purity of a bohem ian dedication can be exaggerated. The artistic young inhabit the sam e Greenwich Village and its fringes in which the experim entalists in the arts lived during the Depression, united by a world against them. But the present generation is enough of a subculture to be a source of profitable boutiques and coffeehouses. And it is not all that estranged.ost respects from mainland America, but in two areas it remains dominant. It is the banking and the comm unications headquarters for America. In both these roles it ratifies m ore than it creates. Wall Street will advance the m illions to m ake a Hollywood m ovie only if convinced that a bestselling title o r a star name will ensure its success. The networks’ news centers are here, and the largest book publishers, and the biggest m agazines – and therefore the largest body of critics to appraise the films, the plays, the m usic, the books that others have created. New York is a judging town, and often invokes standards that the rest of the country deplores or ignores. A m arket for knowingness exists in New York that doesn’t exist for knowledge.arkets and devising the catchy jingles that will m ove m illions from McDonald’s to Burger king, so that the adagency’s “creative director”can lunch instead in Manhattan’s expense-account French restaurants. The bankers and the admen. The m arketing specialists and a thousand well-paid ancillary service people, really set the city’s brittle tone— catering to a wide American public whose num bers m ust be respected but whose tastes do not have to shared. The condescending view from the fiftieth floor of the city’s crowds below cuts these people off from humanity. So does an attitude which sees the public only in terms of large, malleable numbers— as impersonally as does the clattering subway turnstile beneath the office towers.surprised by the lack of cynicism, particularly am ong the younger ones, of those who work in such fields. The television generation grew up in the insistent presence of hype, delights in much of it, and has no scruples about practicing it. Men and wom an do their jobs professionally, and, like the pilots who from great heights bom bed Hanoi, seem unmarked by it. They lead their real lives elsewhere, in the Village bars they are indistinguishable in dress or behavior from would-be artists, actors, and writers. The boundaries of “art for art’s sake” aren’t so rigid anym ore; art itself is less sharply defined, and those whose paintings don’t sell do illustrations; those who can’ get acting jobs do comm ercials; those who are writing ambitious novels sustain themselves on the m agazines. Besides, serious art often feeds in the popular these days, changing it with fond irony.e the newcom ers find or from their won worlds; Manhatten is m any such words, huddled together but rarely interaction. I think this is what gives the city itssense of freedom. There are enough like you, whatever you are. And it isn’t asnecessary to know anything about an apartm ent neighbor- or to worry about his judgm ent of you- as it is about som eone with an adjoining yard. In New York, like seeks like, and by econom y of effort excludes the rest as stranger. This distancing, this uncaring in ordinary encounters, has another side: in no other Am erican city can the lonely be as lonely.uch m ore needs to be said. New Your is a wounded city, declining in its am enities . Overloaded by its tax burdens. But it is not dying city; the streets are safer than they were five years age; Broadway, which seem ed to be succumbing to the tawdriness of its environm ent, is astir again.enace, the noise, the brusqueness- all confirm outsiders in their conviction that they wouldn’t live here if you gave them the place. Yet show a New Yorker a splendid hom e in Dallas, or a swimming pool and cabana in Beverly Hills, and he will be admiring but not envious. So m uch of well-to-do America now lives antiseptically in enclaves, tranquil and luxurious, that shut out the world. Too static, the New Yorker would say. Tell him about the vigor of your outdoor pleasures; he prefers the unhealthy hassle andthe vitality of urban life. He is hopelessly provincial. To him New York- despite its faults,which her will impat iently concede (“so what else is new?”) — is the spoiler of all other American cities.erican cities to visit first-rate art m useum s, to hear good m usic and see lively experim ental theater, to m eet intelligent and sophisticated people who know how to live, dine, and talk well; and to enjoy all this in congenial and spacious surroundings. The New Yorkers still wouldn’t want to live there.issing is what m any outsiders find oppressive and distasteful about New York –its rawness, tension, urgency; its bracingcom petitiveness; the rigor of its judgm ents; and the congested, dem ocratic presence of so m any other New Yorkers, encased in their own worlds, the defeated are not hidden away som ewhere else on the wrong side of town. In the subways, in the buses, in the streets, it is impossible to avoid people whose lives are harder than yours. With the desperate, the ill, the fatigued, the overwhelm ed, one learns not to strike upcon versation (which isn’t wanted ) but to m ake brief, sy m pathetic eye contact, to include them in the hum an race. It isn’t m uch, but it is the fleeting hospitality of New Yorkers, each jealous of his privacy in the crowd. Ever helpfulness is often delivered as a taunt: a m an, rushing the traffic light, shouts the m an behind him. “ You want to be wearing a Buick with Jersey plates?” — great scorn in the word Jersey, hom e of drivers who don’t belong here.’s definition, New York is m ongrel city. It is in fact the first truly international m etropolis. No other great city- not London, Paris, Rom e or Tokyo- plays host (or hostage) to so m any nationalities. The m ix is m uch wider- Asians, Africans, Latins - that when that tumultuous variety of European crowded ashore at Ellis Island.The newcom ers are never fully absorbed, but are added precariously to the undigested many.20 New York is too big to be dom inated by any group, by Wasps or Jews or blacks, or by Catholics of m any origins —Irish, Italian, Hispanic. All have their little sovereignties, all are sizable enough to be reckoned with and tough in asserting their claim s, but none is powerful enough to subdue the others. Characteristically, the city swallows up the United Nations and refuses to take it seriously, regarding it as an unworkable m ixture of the idealistic, the impractical, and the hypocritical. But New Yorkers them selves are in training in how to live together in a diversity of races- the necessary initiation into the future.education in sights and sm ells. There is wonderful variety of places to eat or shop, and though the m ost successful of such places are likely to touristy hybridcom prom ises, they too have genuine roots. Other Am erican cities have ethnic turfs jealously defended, but not, I think, such an adm ixture of groups, thrown together in such jarring juxtapositions . In the sam e way, avenues of high-rise luxury in New York are never far from poverty and m ean streets. The sadness and fortitude of New York must be celebrated, along with its treasures of art and m usic. The com bination is unstable; it produces friction, or an uneasy forbearance that som etimes becom es a real toleration.es a m atter of alternating m oods, often inthe sam e day. The place constantly exasperates , at times exhilarates . To m e it is the city of unavoidable experience. Living there, one has the reassurance of steadily confronting life.(from the Atlantic, Sept. 1978)NOTES1. Griffith: Thom as Griffith (1915--), Am erican writer and editor. Since 1974 he has been press colum nist, Time magazine; staff contributor, For-tune magazine; colum nist, Atlantic Monthly. He is an uprooted westerner who now calls New York hom e. Publications: The Waist-High Culture; How True? --A Sceptic 's Guide to Believing the News.2. the Big Apple: any large city; specifically New York City3. bush: rustic, countrified, belonging to sm all towns4. Comm on Denom inator Land: uniformity, comm onness, sam eness, the m onotonous, the hum drum5. sitcom s: situation com edies; a radio or television series that involves a continuing cast of characters in a succession of unconnected episodes6. cloned: grown like a clone, all the descendants being derived asexually from a single individual. Cloned and canned: produced and packed, all ready for immediate consum ption (showing).7. Johnny Carson: a m an who runs a late night talk show8. Nashville: Capital of Tennessee State, center of rock-and-roll9. Vegas: sam e as Las Vegas. See text I, exercise I.10. superdom es: extra big sport stadiums11. convention city: city where conventions (assem blies of m embers or delegates of a political, social, professional, or religious group) are regularly held.12. Madison: Madison Avenue13. Fifth: Fifth Avenue, fam ous for fashionable shops14. Whaddya gonna do?: What are you going to do? Connoting a cool lack of concern; indifference; nonchalance.15. Jersey: Jersey City16. Ivy League schools: referring to prominent north-eastern universities in the U.S., such as, Cornell, Harvard, Yale, Princeton, Colum bia and others. It connotes a certain degree of wealth, sophistication, re finem ent, social prominence, and the like.17. Kazin: Alfred Kazin (1915)), Am erican critic. Publications: On Native Grounds ; The Inm ost Leaf; Contemporaries ; and Bright Book of Life.18. Commercial Broadway: The New York comm ercial theater or entertainment industry19.off-off-Broadway: an avant-garde theatrical m ovem ent in New York that stresses untraditional techniques and radical experim entation. Its relation to off-Broadway being analogous to the relation of off-Broadway to Broadway.20. Soho: a district in New York. By the early 1970s the artist colony had shift- ed from Greenwich Village to Soho.21. best-selling title: title of best-selling books22. star nam e: nam e of star actor or actress23. networks: radio and television networks24. McDonald's : McDonald' s chain restaurant selling hamburger25. Burger King: a chain restaurant whose specialty is hamburger26. lunch in expense-account French restaurants: to lunch in expensive French restaurants with the bill being paid by the com pany or em ployer27. hype: extravagant prom otional advertising28. popular: pop art; a realistic art style, using techniques and popular subjects adapted from commercial art and the mass communications m edia29. Beverly Hills: city in California, surrounded by Los Angeles, fam ous for luxurious hom es of rich Hollywood actors and actresses30. So what else is new?: there is nothing new in what you say; connoting the listener is not im pressed nor interested31. You want to be wearing a Buick with Jersey plates?: Do you want to be knocked down by a car carrying a Jersey license plate? Connoting that the m an should have som e pride in being a New Yorker and not let him self be run over by a car from Jersey.32. touristy hybrid com prom ises: a m ixture of different racial characteristics which attracts tourists33. ethnic turfs: districts or areas inhabited by foreign-born Am ericansAims1)Im proving students’ability to read between lines and understand the text properly;2)Cultivating students’ability to m ake a creative reading;3)Enhancing students’ability to appreciate the text from different perspectives;4)Helping students to understand som e difficult words and expressions;5)Helping students to understanding rhetorical devices;6)Encouraging students to voice their own viewpoint fluently and accurately.Teaching Contents1)Background Knowledge2)Exposition3)Detailed Study of the Essay4)Organization Pattern5)Style and Language Features6)Special Difficulties课文讲解部分1. Background Knowledge1) About the author Thom as Griffith2) About New York City2. Exposition/~arnetha/expowrite/info.html3. Detailed study on Loving and hating New YorkPara.1-5 General introduction — setting forth the present status of New York in the United States and in the eye’s of foreignersTask: Collect evidence to show that “ How the m ighty has fallen.”New York = Big Apple = Mighty—Advertising campaigns publicly praise New York;—Many New Yorkers wear T-shirts with a heart design and the works “ I love New York”—New York is trying desperately to regain her lost prestige and status.Para.2-3: New York: Yesterday & TodayNew York CityYesterday TodayTop, highest, biggest isn’t any m oreLeading city sets styles and trends of nation out of phase with ______ as out of step withUndisputed fashion authority lost its undisputed leadershipLooked up to and im itated no longer so“Nowadays New York is out of phase with Am erican taste “—Nowadays New York connot understand nor follow the taste of the Am erican people and is often in disagreem ent with American politics.“No longer so looked up to or copied, New York even prides itself on being a holdout from prevailing American trends” —Since New York is no longer looked up to or copied as the undisputed fashion authority, it now boasts that it is a city that resists the prevailing trends (styles, fashion) of America, that it is a place where people can escape from uniformity and comm onness.Question:1) From where we can see New York’s deficiencies as a pacesetter are m ore and m ore evident?—Building—Manhattan television studios—Tin Pan Alley—Hiring singers and entertainers—Sports2) The technique used to support author’s view is___________.Para.4: New York: in the eyes of AmericansCom eback: 1 a : a sharp or witty reply : retort b : a cause for com plaint 2 : a return to a form er position or condition (as of success or prosperity) :recovery, revival Para5 New York: in the eyes of foreigner.Question: Why do m any Europeans call New York their favorite city?—Cosm opolitan complexities—European standards—Mixture of m any foreigners—Many jewelers, shoe stores and designers shops—Familiar international nam es—Tense, restless atm osphere; its energetic pulse“… and designer shops that exist to flatter and bilk the frivolous rich.”These shops are set up to cheat and gratify the vanity of the silly rich peoplePara 6 New York: energy, contention and strivingConvention: angry disagreem entStriving: trying very hard to achieve or to defeat the othersPut-down: ( inform al) a remark or criticism intended to m ake the others feel stupid (令人难堪的话，噎人的话)“To win in New York is to be uneasy; to lose is to live in jostling proxim ity to the frustrated majority.”— A person who wins in New York is constantly disturbed by fear and anxiety ( because he is afraid of losing what he has won in the fierce competition); a person who loses has to live am ong the defeated, who are in the m ajority in New York.Para.7: New York in author’s eyes.“New York was never Mecca to m e”Rhetorical devices em ployed in this sentence are: __________ and ___________.The author com pares New York to Mecca; and Mecca is standing for _______________.A place of holy pilgrimage, of a place one yearns to go.Para 8: New York: NatureQuestions:1) The topic sentence is ___________________.2) The rhetorical device employed in “ Nature constantly yields to m an in New York” is __________.3) Are there any other places uses the sam e rhetorical device as m entioned above? What’s the function of it?Para.9 New York: Opportunities & uncertainnessQuestions:1) What do “Ivy League Schools” refer to?2) Why did writer go and live in New York?Para.10: New York : in young people’s eyesQuestion: Why do young people still go to New York?—testing themselves—unwilling to surrender to their m ost comm on and easily sold talents—the fierce competition and challenge—standards of excellence dem anded“But the purity of a bohem ian dedication can be exaggerated.”—But a pure and wholehearted devotion to a Bohem ian life style can be esaggerated. “But the present generation is enough of a subculture to be a source of profitable boutiques and coffeehouses.”As these young writers and artists have distinct cultural patterns of their own, m any businessm en open up profitable boutiques and coffeehouses to cater to their special tastes and interests.“And it is not all that estranged” “It” probably m eans _______________.Para.11: New York: A judging town“A m arket for knowingness exists in New York that doesn’t exist for knowledge.”—In New York, a shrewd understanding or ability to appraise things is appreciated and paid for and skill and learning by themselves are not considered valuable.Para12: New York: An advertising CenterQuestion:1) The rhetorical device used in “The condescending view from the fiftieth floor of the city’s …” is _________. And “ The condescending view is the view of __________.2) In sentence “So does an attitude which sees….” The author com pares ______ to ______.Para 13: New York : Lack of cynicismTask: Collect evidence to show New York is lack of cynicism In sentence “ Men and wom en do their jobs professionally and, like pilots who from great heights bombed Hanoi …” the author compares_______ to ______.Para 14: New York: FreedomWhat gives the city its sense of freedom?Para 15: New York: Wounded not dyingAmenity: the attractiveness and value of real estate or of a residential structureTo succum b to: to fail to resist an attack, illness, temptationPara 16-18: New York: N ew Yorkers’ LoveNew Yorker who sees all the faults of the city still prefer to live in New YorkNew York’s faults:—Trash-strewn streets—Unruly school—Uneasy feeling or m enace—The noise—The brusqueness“He is hopeless provincial”—He will always be a New Yorker. His attitude towards and his love for New York will never change“New York … is the spoiler of all other American cities”—New York has spoiled all the other American cities for him.Para 19-10 New York: International MetropolisWhy is New York called an international m etropolis?Para.22: Loving and Hating New York1. exasperate: to excite the anger of; to cause irritation or annoyance to2. exhilarate: to m ake cheerful; to excite“The place constantly exasperates, at times exhilarat es.”—New York constantly irritates and annoys very m uch but at tim es it also invigorates and stimulates.Oral practice: Talking about the following questions:1. What is the main them e of this article? Where is it specifically stated?2. What technique does the writer use to develop his m ain them e? Is the technique effective? Cite exam ples.3. Comm ent on the diction of the writer. Pick out term s and phrases that you think are peculiarly American.4. Does the writer really both love and hate New York? Cite exam ples to back up your analysis.5. How m any paragraphs would you regard as being the introductory paragraphs. Why?6. What is the topic sentence of paragraph 8? How is the paragraph developed?7. Explain fully the following sentence from paragraph 11: “A m arket for knowingness exists in New York that doesn’t exist for knowledge.”8. Pick out som e figures of speech which you think the writer has usid m ost effectively. Cite your reasons.Paraphrase:1. Nowadays New York is out of phase with American taste (Para 2)2. New York even prides itself on being a holdout from prevailing American trends. (Para 2)3. Sitcom s cloned and canned in Hollywood, and the Johnny Carson show live, pre-empt the airwaves from California (Para 3)4. It is m aking som ething of a com eback as a tourist attraction (Para 4)5. To win in New York is to be uneasy (Para 6)6. Nature’s pleasures are m uch qualified in New York. (Para 8)7. The city ‘s bright glow arrogantly obscures the heavens (Para 8)8. But the purity of a bohem ian de dication can be exaggerated. (Para 10)9. In both these roles it ratifies m ore than it creates. (Para 11)10. The television generation grew up in the insistent presence of hype (Para 13)11. Those who are writing am bitious novels sustain them selves on the m agazines. (Para 13)12. Broadway, which seem ed to be succum bing to the tawdriness of its environm ent, is astir again (Para 15)13. He prefers the unhealthy hassle and the vitality of urban life (Para 16)14. The defeated are not hidden away som e where else on the wrong side of town. (Para 18)15. The place constantly exasperates, at tim es exhilarates. (Para 22)4. Organization Pattern1) The thesis: Loving and hating New York or m ore specifically: Loving and hating New York becom es a m atter of alternating m oods, often in the sam e day.2) The thesis developed by both objective and em otional description of New York and the life and struggle of New Yorkers3) The structural organization of this essay: clear and sim ple5. Style and Language Features1) Full of Am erican English terms, phrases and constructions.T-shirtholdoutcom ebackput-downexpense-accountadmanhigh-risemeasure up2) Use of various rhetorical devices:metaphorpersonificationmetonym ytransferred epithetalliterationsim ilesynecdocheironyeuphem ism/carroll/faq3.htmlto6. Special Difficulties1) Identifying and understanding Am ericanisms in this essay2) Som e terms/phrases/structuresout-of-phasetelevision generationeconom y of effortwrong sidesitcom s cloned and cannedMeccameasure up againstIvy League schoolscommercial Broadway/off-Broadway/off-off-Broadway Madison Avenue/Wall Streetlike seeks likeWasps词汇(Vocabulary)bush (adj.) : rustic，countrified，belonging to small towns粗俗的；乡土气的；乡下的beget (v.) : bring into being；produce使产生，引起，招致holdout (n.) : [Americanism]a place that holds out [美语]坚固据点deficiency (n.) : the quality or state of being deficient; absence of something essential；a shortage 缺乏，缺少，欠缺；缺陷，不足之处pacesetter (n.) : a person that leads the way or serves as a model标兵sitcom (n.) : [口]situation comedy的缩略clone (v.) : derive all the descendants asexually from a single individual无性繁殖preempt (v.) : radio and TV]replace(a regularly scheduled program)[广播、电视]先占，先取得casino (n.) : a public room or building for entertainments．dancing，or，now specifically，gambling 俱乐部，娱乐场；(现尤指)赌场nightspot (n.) : nightclub夜总会bilk (v.) : cheat or swindle；defraud欺骗，蒙骗dynamism (n.) : the quality of being energetic，vigorous，etc．推动力；活力，精力，劲头put—down (n.) : [American slang]a belittling remark or crushing retort[美俚]贬低的话；反驳；无礼的回答foothold (n.) : a secure position from which it is difficult to be dislodged立足点，据点jostle (v.) : bump or push，as in a crowd；elbow or shove roughly(在人群中)拥挤；用肘推；撞proximity (n.) : the state or quality of being near；nearness in space，time，etc．最近；接近；(地方，时间等)最接近obscure (v.) : darken；make dim使黑暗；使朦胧tint (v.) : give a color or a shading of a color to着上(淡)色gaudy (adj.) : bright and showy, but lacking in good taste；cheaply brilliant and ornate华丽而俗气的，炫丽的。
theinterloper闯入者
theinterloper闯入者解读环境设置在小说中的艺术魅力------评萨基的短篇小说《闯入者》摘要：《闯入者》是英国著名短篇小说家萨基的代表作之一。
萨基的短篇小说结构严谨，构思巧妙，结尾经常出人意料，常常被人拿来与欧?亨利和多罗茜帕克作比较。
他擅长从英国上层社会和中产阶级生活中的简单无聊的日常琐事中取材，以机智、幽默、辛辣的笔调，以小见大，通过不落俗套的艺术构思，跌宕起伏的故事情节，出人意料的结局，和机智幽默的语言表现出不同凡响的艺术效果。
该小说中的环境设置具有明显的象征主义色彩。
本文通过对《闯入者》中具有浓厚象征色彩的背景设置，如故事发生的地理环境、历史时期，物理环境，背景转换及环境的讽刺意义等进行分析，揭示其背景设置在塑造人物形象及揭示小说深刻的哲理内涵和艺术韵味中所起的重要作用。
关键词：萨基《闯入者》环境设置象征讽刺Hector Hugh Munro， better known by the pen name Saki was known as one of British best short-story writer, whose extraordinarily compact, wicked and witty short stories satirized Edwardian society and culture. Actually, the name "Saki" was borrowed from the cupbearer in Omar Khayyam's The Rubaiyat. Munro used it for political sketches contributed to the Westminster Gazette as early as 1896, later collected as Alice in Westminster. The stories and novels were published between that time and the outbreak of World War I, when he enlisted as a soldier. He died of wounds from a sniper's bullet while in a shell hole near Beaumont-Hamel. His short story is very popular among English readers, while in China, there is little study papers about Saki and his works. Although his short-story The Open Windows is very familiar for Chinese readers, but the name of Saki seems didn?t earn its due reputation. Nevertheless, hisposition in the English literature is impregnable as long as the sun shines. His short story, characterized by ingenious conception, rigorous structure, acrimonious tone and pungent satire contribute to his reputation as the master of short story in Europe. On the other hand, he was more than often compared with two famous American short story writers O·Henry and Dorothy Parker because of their similarities in the unpredictable endings of their short stories. He was influenced by Oscar Wilde, Lewis Carroll, and Kipling, and himself influenced A. A. Milne, No?l Coward, and P.G. Wodehouse.The Interlopers, Written during WWI and published in 1969 after his death, is a short story based on two men, Georg Znaeym and Ulrich von Gradwitz, whose families have fought over a forest in the eastern Karpathian Mountains for three generations. Ulrich's family legally owns the land, but Georg –feeling it rightfully belongs to him –hunts there anyway. One windy and snowy winter night, both Georg Znaeym and Ulrich von Gradwitz Ulrich, harbored bitter hatred, are hunting on the woodland over which they have disputed for more than three generations. Actually, both of them expect to meet the enemy and kill each other like a “game”--”as boys they had thirsted for one another?s blood, as men each other prayed that misfortune might fall on the other”. In that very moment that t hey want to take action, as an "act of God", a beechtree branch suddenly falls on each of them, trapping them both under a log. Gradually, they realize the futility of their quarrel and become friends to end the family feud. They call out for their men?s assistance, and after a brief period, Ulrich makes out eight or nine figures approaching over a hill. The story endswith Ulrich?s realization that the "interlopers" on the hill are actually wolves.The novel intelligently employs a series of symbolic settings, including geographical location, historical period, and physical environment to convey the theme of the story and through intelligent and ingenious setting shift to depict the characteristics of the characters and to imply the development of the plot. Particularly, at the end of the story, the irony in settings unveils the profound philosophical implications, which makes the story more thought provoking.As we all know, the setting of a short story is not simply the time and place in which it occurs. Elements of setting may include physical environment, geographical locations, culture background, historical period, and situational environment. Along with the plot, character, theme, and style, setting is considered one of the fundamental components of fiction. Careful description of these aspects of setting helps the reader gain a greater sense of the story and can connect to the story's central theme and greatly enhance the author's purpose. In many stories that we read, settings are not stated directly. The writer expects us to find clues and make inferences about where and when the story takes place and to find the underlying relations with the theme of the short story. Saki …use of setting is arguably the most effective element in The Interlopers. 1. Geographical LocationThe geographical location of The Interlopers is “the eastern spurs of the Karpathian Mountains”. Actually, Saki purposely trumps up "Karpathian” according to "Carpathian" as the place in which the story occurs for two reasons. Primarily, he intends to satirize the First World War .The Carpathian Mountains are arange of mountains forming an arc roughly 1,500 km long across Central and Eastern Europe, making them the second-longest mountain range in Europe .They provide the habitat for the largest European populations of brown bears, wolves, chamois and lynxes, with the highest concentration in Romania. As well as over one third of all European plant species. It is the epitome of the dark days when imperialists barbarously and ferociously carve up the world through violence. The story is written when Saki was serving on a warship in France. Therefore, the two main characters of the story -- Ulrich von Gradwitz and Georg Znaeym -- symbolizes the imperialists in the First World War mercilessly plundering the colonies and fighting because they did not split up the profit from obey equally. And the Karpathian is a symbol of the marauded colonies. As a result, Saki ingeniously employs the variation of Carpathian to satirize the First World War. Secondly, the author chooses Karpathian as the settings to fuzzify and globalize the story. If the time and space of the story is certain and specific, it is rather difficultfor the readers to connect the plot of the story with their own life and the sense of value. Therefore, Saki purposely use Karpathian rather than Carpathian specific place in the real world, as the setting the story taken place, because he wants to remind the readers that the story of The Interloper may occur around us at any time. In the sense, the readers can find the Karpathian around them which makes the plot of the story globalized and universalized.2. Historical PeriodAccording to the story and our knowledge about the author, we can imply that the history period of the story is during The Edwardian era which is a period of time covering the reign of KingEdward VII, 1901 to 1910, and is sometimes extended beyond Edward's death to include years leading up to World War I. The era was marked by significant shifts in economy and politics of the society that had been largely excluded from wielding power in the past, such changes included rising interest in socialism, attention to the plight of the poor, and the status of women, including the issue of women's suffrage, together with increased economic opportunities as a result of rapid industrialization. However, the poor were still frowned upon and segregated and the government in this era was very strict with their laws. Many people believed that if they owned something, for example, land, that no one else should use that land without the owner's permission. In this way, it is not difficult for us to understand the basic conflict between the characters in the story.Also, the woodland can be seen as the source of conflict. In The Interlopers, for three generations, the family of Ulrich von Gradwitz and Georg Znaeym, driven by the frenzied hatred, have been disputed over a useless woodland .while just as Ulrich acknowledged that “it was not remarkable for the game it harbored or shooting it afforded, but it was the most jealously guarded of all its owner?s territorial possessions”, both of them regard each other as the “interlopers”. It indicates that any forms of conflict and hatred itself is pointless and even stupid, and it makes no difference to the matter when the reconciliation is only reached the day before the disaster indeed come down. In a sense, it also can be seen as the conflict origins of the First Word War. As we all know, the spark of the First World War is the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne, in Sarajevo on 28 June 1914. Ferdinand's death at the hands of the Black Hand, a Serbian nationalist secretsociety, set in train a mindlessly mechanical series of events that culminated in the world's first global war. If the youth can express his political opinion by other means, the First World War wouldn?t break out in an instant, and numerous innocent people wouldn?t have been involved in the dreadful and brutal war. Saki intends to tell us that the origin of any conflict itself may of no pragmatically significance to both party involved, instead, it is the inconsequential sparkle, flamed by vanity, absurdness, selfishness and jealousy, that eventually leads to the loss of millions of lives..3.Physical EnvironmentThe author presents a vivid picture of the physical environment of story through his meticulous and detailed description. The Interlopers takes place in a "dark forest," a "narrow strip of precipitous woodland that lay on its outskirt" which, ironically, is a waste land that of no real uses to both of them but is the source of their dispute and continuing feud. As with many short stories, no specific time is mentioned, but we do know that the author lived from 1870 to 1916 and that in the story night --- “awind-scourged winter night”---"the whistling and skirling of the wind and the restless beating of the branches for sight and sound of the marauders"--“little snow had fallen as yet”--is approaching. The bad weather and desolated environment adds additional mood and complications for the characters in The Interlopers. It also arouses the curiosity of the readers? speculation to the destiny of the characters in the novel. The author uses plenty of subtle touches depicted a vivid picture of the physical environment, which is ingeniously in line with the development of the plot. In the story, it is a "wind-scourgedwinter night" that causes "unrest among the creatures that were wont to sleep through the dark hours." The "disturbing element in the forest" pushes Ulrich to wish "if only on this wild night, in this dark, lone spot, he might come across Georg Znaeym, man to man, with none to witness." The wildness of the winter wind accentuates the wildness felt by the character. Therefore, the characteristics of the protagonists in the story gradually emerge and become more obvious and distinct."Relief at being alive and exasperation at his captive plight brought a strange medley of pious thank-offerings and sharp curses to Ulrich?s lips."Are they your men?’he repeated impatiently as Ulrich did not answer.""Each had a rifle in his hand; each had hate in his heart, and murder uppermost in his mind.""’I don?t drink wine with an enemy.’"“So you?re not killed as you ought to be, b ut you?re caught, anyway,” he cried; “caught fast.”“Let's shout for help,” he said; “in this lull our voices may carry a little way.” “They won't carry far through the trees and undergrowth,” said Georg, “but we can try. Together then.”From these sentences we can see that Ulrich von Gradwitz is a stubborn, selfish man at first, but with further development in the story he becomes more open-minded. He is the one who is willing to becoming friends with Georg, his worst enemy. On the other hand, Georg Znaeym is hardheaded and self-centered like Ulrich. He is jealousof Ulrich because he has abundant land and hunting grounds. Eventually he becomes open to being friends with Ulrich.4. Setting ShiftAlthough the overall setting for The Interlopers remains the same, it shifts in the sense that it becomes more narrowed and focused. "A deed of Nature's own violence overwhelmed them both. A fierce shriek of the storm had been answered by a splitting crash over their heads, and ere they could leap aside a mass of falling beech tree had thundered down on them, “pinning both characters to the ground. The setting then reflects the characters' own relationship: "All around them lay a thick-strewn wreckage of splintered branches and broken twigs." The characters' immobility illustrates a more immediate setting as they lay side by side, nearly able to touch each other.5. Irony in SettingThe final use of setting in The Interlopers occurs shortly after Znaeym and Gradwitz become pinned by the fallen tree. After hailing curses down on each other, the two eventually realize that their feud over a useless bit of wild land is pointless. The cold, desolate, unfriendly, isolated winter weather has actually brought the two men closer together. The final irony is that in this wild setting, there are naturally wild creatures, and after finally ending their feud, Znaeym and Gradwitz were about to finally end this long quarrel between the two families and become friends instead, they got confronted by wolves, signifying that their lives ended on the night they decided to make peace with each other. This reminds me of the many times that I have had to work together with other people only at a moment when our fate hangs in the balance like they are going through right now. However, at that time, it cannot make any difference to rewrite our destiny. However, there is also another kind of irony at the end of the story, because it was revealed to us that the two men?s fate were determined not by their men as they thought would be,but instead on a bunch of interlopers, the wolves. This is an ironic event since there were two mentions of “no interlopers” in the dialogue between the two men, once when they were still enemies and once when they became friends, but in the end it was “the interlopers” who came first and supposedly ended their lives. At the beginning, Znaeym and Gradwitz are confident about their capability to control nature, for them, nature is only a plaything. However, it is exactly nature that overwhelms and destroys them.Reference：1.Saki, a life of Hector Hugh Munro: with six short stories never before collected. Hamish Hamilton, 19812. Saki, the Best of Saki, Penguin Books Limited (UK), 19943. H. P. Abbott, the Cambridge Introduction to Narrative. Beijing: Peking University Press, 2007.4. Yuan Xianjun, Approaching Fiction, Peking University Press, 2004.5. Yu jianhua, Short Story in English: A reading Course. Beijing Higher Education, 2010.6. Sandie Byrne. The unbearable Saki: the work of H.H Munro: Oxford: O xford University Press, 2007.7. James Joll, Gordon Martel, the Origins of the First World War, Pearson Longman, 2007.。
英语师范毕业论文选题
英语师范毕业论文选题【篇一：师范类英语本科毕业论文备选题】I文学类1. love, equality and tolerance —on the nature of love of jane and tess3.paradise lost —the war in the heaven4.jane austens marriage conception in pride and prejudice5.a brief approach to the influence of the religion on literature6.a study on the characterization of great expectations7.catherine earnshaw: an irreproachable woman8.individual has integrated into the society —an analysis of hester in the scarlet letter9.the stream-of-consciousness techniques used in ulysses10.t he attractions of the waste land11.m oral lessons in vanity fair12.o n the religious color of characterization in uncle toms cabin13.an unfortunate but strong woman —an analysis of tess in tess of duberville14.a gentleman or a rural man? —the analysis of the characteristics of mr. bennet in pride and prejudice15.t horeaus walden: a book of inward exploration16.t he death of martin eden17.b eautiful women —analysis of female characters in the merchant of venice18.the conflicts between the reality and ideals in jude the obscure19.t he pursuit of beauty in keatss poetry20.the great gatsby and the collapse of the american dream21.the significance of the scarlet letter a22.tom sawyer and huckleberry finn: a comparison23.the influence of edgar allan poes life on his writingment on the causes of tesss tragedy25.characters features and social satire in vanity fair26.money and marriage —an analysis of womens social statusin pride and prejudice27.appreciation of ironic art in pride and prejudice28.hemingways philosophy as lost generation seen from afare well to arms29.three female characters in sons and lovers —an analysis of feminism in sons and lovers30.robinson crusoes philosophy of life31.the study of interpersonal relationships in sons and lovers32.an approach to the contradictory characters of angel clavein tess of duberville33.egdon heath in the return of native34.the theme of money in sense and sensibility35.the biblical allusions and symbols in the grapes of wrath36.a journey of outward and inward exploration —a brief analysis of walden37.humanitarianism in a tale of two cities38.the return of the lion39.the tragedy of love in wuthering heights40.the social significance of oliver twist41.the image of a new woman —comments on hester prynnein the scarlet letter42.resurrection in a tale of two cities43.the duality in robinson crusoes character44.a book that rocked the world —comments on thesuccessful elements of uncle toms cabin45.on the racial and cultural conflicts in leatherstockingtales46.a ruined pure woman ——comments on tess of thedurbervilles47.jane eyre as a humanist48.tess: a spokesman of rebellious spirit49.rebecca: a speculator or a path —breaker?50.the distorted love in sons and lovers51.the impact of puritanism on hawthorne —a psychological approach to the scarlet letter52.an analysis of the three major characters in tess ofd’ urbervilles53.the power of love —on heathcliffs devotion to love54.on the characterization and writing techniques in rebecca55.a brief analysis of the image of bertha —the madwoman in jane eyre56.on the cold imagery in jane eyre57.who is the murderer? —an analysis of heathcliffs tragedy58.sense and sensibility —an analysis of the love stories in oliver twist59.connotations in oliver twist60.themes of pride and prejudice61.being a woman: sense or sensibility? —an analysis of jane austens novel sense and sensibility62.symbolism in tess of the durbervilles63.guided by god in the life —jane eyres religious ideas64.the comparison on love values between chinese andwestern women —du liniangs sex awakening and juliets childish love65.on the suffering and struggling of women as seen in jane eyre and tess of durbervilles66.explicating human nature in wuthering heights67.the view of love and marriage in sense and sensibility68.symbolism and the scarlet letter: the scarlet letter as i see it69.which course to follow: voices from the bottom of womens heart70.henchard —a tragic hero and an epitome of the society71.on the symbols of bible in tess of the durbervilles72.wordsworth: natures favorite son73.resistence in the same way leading to different outcome: a comparison between becky sharp and jane eyre74.destroyed but not defeated —on the theme of the old man and sea75.tomorrow is another day: an analysis of scarlets positive view of life and the slavery in the south76.two aspects reflected from robinson crusoe: society and natureparison and contrast of some characters in jane eyre78.a comparative study of jane eyre with wuthering heights: a discussion on themes and heroines at the two novels79.on idiot benjys stream of consciousness in the sound andthe fury80.the superman complex in love of life81.the spirit of scarlet82.tesss tragedy, who is to blame?n教学法类1. on classroom activities and the training of oral communicative competence of junior middle school students2. the impropriety of childrens english learning in the countryside of chinamunicative competence and focused task-based teaching approach4.on developing english reading skills5.interaction in oral english teaching6.improvement of students oral communicative competence and interactivity through in class performance7.gtm: review and prospect8.the application of schemata in the teaching of reading comprehension9.multicultural education in chinese and american elementary education10.c ommunicative activities in clt11.r ole-play in english teaching12.t he use of body language in english class13.t eaching english in english14.effective factors to improve middle school students listening skill15.c ultural teaching in english in middle school16.the application of cooperative learning theory in senior high school english reading teachingmunicative language teaching and classroom english teaching in china19.contextual analysis of the e-c translation20.a conceptual discussion on classroom teamwork strategy21.obstacles in listening comprehension and the ways to remove them22.on sino —western cultural differences and the structure of chinese college students chinglish23.the application of communicative approach to elt in chinese middle school24.the conversion and development of english teaching methods in china25.the comparison and analysis of three teaching modelsing questions in english reading teaching【篇二：英语专业毕业论文可选题目参考】一、翻译类毕业论文选题1．．study on translation of trade marks and culture商标翻译与文化研究2．．the social and cultural factors in translation practice影响翻译实践的社会和文化因素3．．on the translation of english idioms论英语习语的翻译4．study on features and translation of english idioms英语习语翻译特点研究5．the comparison and translation of chinese and english idioms 中英习语翻译与比较6．．study on loyalty in english-chinese translation中英互译的忠实性研究7．．cultural equivalence in translation翻译中的文化对等性研究8．literature translation and the important of it文学翻译与重要性研究9．．on the du fu ’ s poems translation论杜甫的诗词翻译10．the analysis of techniques for learning a foreign language through translation通过翻译学习外语的技巧分析11．．中英颜色词的文化差异及翻译cultural differences and translation in chinese and english color words翻译中不可译性的文化阐释12．an cultural perspective on untranslatability中英动物文化内涵的不同及翻译13．cultural connotation and translation in chinese andenglish animals浅论翻译中的译者主体性发挥的度14．on degree of translators subjectivity in translation修辞策略在广告英语中的效用探究15．a probe of the effect of rhetorical devices in english advertisement16．error analysis of the english translation of the information about scenic spots in wuhan武汉旅游景点资料的英译错误分析17．semantic--transliteration-the most favorable method for translating foreign words into chinese音意兼译—外来词中译之首选方法18．a tentative study on the cohesion and coherence in sunzhili ’ s chinese translation of pride and prejudice浅论《傲慢与偏见》孙致礼中译本的衔接与连贯19．chinese translation of attributive clauses in english for science and technology科技英语中定语从句的汉译20．．film titles and their translation ——a cross-cultural perspective从跨文化角度分析电影片名及其翻译21．．translating expressions on public signs from chinese into english汉语公示语英译22．论文化差异与翻译cultural differences and translation23．商标名的翻译原则与品牌文化the translation principle of brand names and brand culture 24．英文电影片名的翻译策略与翻译方法研究on translation of english film names25．意美、音美、形美--英文商标的汉译beauty in sense, sound and form--on translation of english trademarks into chinese26．中文商标英译探on the translation of trademarks from chinese into english二、文化类毕业论文选题27．国际商务谈判中的双赢语用策略the win-win pragmatic strategies in international business negotiation28．grice 的合作原则在国际商务谈判中的应用the application of grice ’ s cooperation principle in international business negotiation29．中西文化面子观差异对比分析an analysis on differences between chinese and western ideas on face30．中西文化中女性角色意识差异及其对职业发展影响differences between chinese and western role awareness of women and the effects on their career development31 ．英语学习中文化障碍cultural obstacles in english learning32．从中西委婉语的对比透视中西文化差异understand chinese and english cultural differences through the comparison between chinese and western euphenism33．中英禁忌语比较a comparison between chinese and english taboos34．从隐私权看中西文化差异a comparison between chinese and western cultural differences from the aspect of privacy right35．中西社会习俗比较a comparison between chinese and western social conventions 36．言语行为理论及其应用speech act and its application37．湖北经济学院英语自主学习现状调查a survey on the students ’ english autonomous learning in hubei university of economics38．湖北经济学院双语课程学习现状调查a survey on bilingual courses ’ learning in hubei university of economics39．1the cultural connotation of english etymology and the teaching of english vocabulary英语词源的文化内涵与词汇教学40．english idioms —a mirror reflecting british culture英语习语与英国文化反映41．on values of chinese from perspective of lexicon从词汇角度读中国人的价值观42．on cultural differences of body language between english and chinese 论中英体态语文化差异43．the analysis on the differences of interpersonal relationship between eastern and western people东西方人际关系要素差异探析44．approach to cultural differences in sino-u.s. business negotiation and its impacts中美商务谈判中的文化差异及其影响探析45．asymmetrical features of politeness principle in cross- cultural communication 跨文化交际中的礼貌原则的非对称性研究46．english and chinese euphemisms: a comparison between their cultural implications从英汉委婉语对比中透析中西文化差异47．on the cultural differences of the etiquette norms inchinese and english nonverbal communication中英非语言交际礼俗规范的文化差异研究48．a comparative study on the different cultural connotations of basic chinese and english color words英汉基本颜色词文化内涵对比研究49．characteristic and cultural differences of the english andchinese idioms 中英文习语的特点以及文化差异50．chinese and western culture values in advertising language从广告语中看中西方文化观51．the differences of family values between china and american中国和美国家庭观差异52．the comparison of chinese and western interpersonal relationships中西人际关系比较53．cultural difference between chinese and english on politeness从中英文礼貌用语中看文化差异54．谈跨文化交际中的“面子”观on face perception in cross-cultural communication55．委婉语在跨文化交际中的应用the application of euphemism in cross-cultural communication 56．从英汉习语看东西方文化异同differences and similarities between eastern and western cultures in chinese and english idioms57 ．中英文化中的礼貌对比研究a contrastive study of politeness in english and chinese cultures58．解析文化差异引起的语用失误the study of pragmatic failure: from the perspective of cultural differences59．从文化角度论英汉语中的性别歧视on the sexism in chinese and english from the cultural perspective60．中美商务谈判中的文化因素探析approach to cultural factors for the sino-american business negotiation61 ．英汉道歉语的对比研究a contrastive study of apologies in english and chinese62．跨文化交际中颜色词的运用application of colors in intercultural communication63．英汉寒暄语的差异研究some difference of small talks between chinese and english 64．不同交际风格中恭维语及其回应的研究compliment and its response with different communication styles 65．英汉动物词汇文化内涵意义对比研究the cultural connotations of animals in chinese and english 66．英语委婉语的功能与效果研究on functions and effects of euphemism in english67．中外幽默的跨文化对比a intercultural comparison between chinese and foreign humor 68．英语副语言交际研究a survey on communication of paralanguage三、语言类毕业论文选题69．语篇分析中的语境功能研究the function of context in discourse analysis70．语篇分析在英语阅读教学中的运用研究discourse analysis in the application of teaching english reading71 ．英语广告语言特点分析an analysis on the feature of english advertisement72．非语言交际与身势语研究nov-verbal communication and gesture language73．英语委婉语研究about english euphemism74．on puns in english advertisements —from the perspective of relevance theory 从关联理论看英语广告双关语75．．(my) dialects and its negative effect upon english pronunciation learning ( 本人)方言及其对英语语音学习的负面影响76． a comparative study of euphemisms in english and chinese 英汉委婉语对比研究77． a study of sexism in the english language英语语言中的性别歧视研究78．．thematic theory and its implications to english writing 主位理论及其对英语写作的启示79．英语拒绝方式研究research on the ways of rejection in english80．论中美广告中所反映的文化价值观on the cultural values in the advertisements of china and us 81 ．从历史文化的发展看某个英语词或短语的语义演变semantic evolution of a word or phrase from the perspective of history82．社会不平等现象在美国英语中的反映the reflection of social inequality in american english 83．英语财经报道的语言特点language features of english financial report四、英语教育类毕业论文选题84．body language in english teaching英语教学中的身体语言研究85．the diversification of english language teaching英语教学多样性研究86．the present situation of bilingual education in china 中国双语教学现状研究87．culture and english teaching文化与英语教学88．consideration on bilingual teaching双语教学的思考89．the english teaching based on multimedia基于多媒体的英语教学90．cultural difference and english teaching文化差异与英语教学91．cross-cultural communication and english teaching跨文化交际与英语教学92．some designs on english learning in school93．中学英语教学设计the contrast of middle school education between china west 94．中西方中学教育对比研究the practice of english class teaching95．英语课堂教学实践96．english classroom teaching: teacher-dominant or student centered 英语课堂教学——教师主宰还是学生中心97．personality factors to the success of foreign languagelearning 个性因素在外语学习中的作用98．the application of communicative approach techniques in english learning【篇三：英语专业毕业生毕业论文选题汇总（吐血整理）】英语专业1.on the functions of story-telling in primary/elementary english teaching2.teaching concepts among teachers of english in ruralareas —a case study of xxx school3.on the learning effect of the third language —a study of the major problems in english learning among miao/dong students.4.on the design of a module of extracurricular activities for english-major students —a case study of kaili university 英语专业（旅游方向）1.英语专业（旅游方向）应用型人才内涵要求分析2.英语专业（旅游方向）学生毕业就业意向及学习行为调查--以凯里学院为例3.“语言+文化+技能”培养模式在旅游方向中的应用—以凯里学院为例4.英语专业（旅游方向）学生英语学习策略调查—以凯里学跨文化交际方向：1.t he obstacle of intercultural communicationparison between chinese collectivism and american individualism in oral speaking3.on the differences in nonverbal communication between the chinese and the american and the british4.the body language in intercultural communication5.the influence of cultural origin of east and western on intercultural communication6.the importance of body language in different cultures7. a comparison of intercultural usages between chinese and western courtesy languages8.the discrepancy of chinese and western culture in advertisement9.general features of language in postmodern culture10.on the cultural implications of body language11.cultural comparison of chinese lunar new year andamerican christmas day12.on cultural differences between chinese and english idioms13.on dissimilation and assimilation in terms of cultureparison between traditional chinese and western families15.connotation of animal words in chinese and english idioms16.a comparison of taboos between chinese culture and british culture17.a contrastive study of western and chinese traditional wedding customsparison of food culture between china and west from table manners19.family education differences between china and western countries20.on development of euphemism and its social value in intercultural communication1、民族地区中学生英语学习的社会心理研究；2、黔东南中学英语教师授课用语调查与分析；3、论任务型教学法在中学英语课堂教学中的有效运用；4、民族地区中学生英语学习的策略研究；5、中学英语教学中的文化教育渗透；6、论黔东南人文旅游的可持续发展；7、黔东南旅游资源调查与分析；8、论现代涉外导游的素养；9、游客旅游心理动机调查研究；10、精品旅游线路的策划与构想；11、功能主义与中国菜谱的英译；以下为文学选题：12、《觉醒》(the awakening) 的女性主义解读；13、《紫色》(the color purple) 的艺术特色研究；14、论《飘》(gone with the wind)的主题思想。
英美文学史(英国)知识点汇总
英美文学期末复习Chapter 1 The Old and Medieval Period 中古时期An Introduction ：❖最早的英国居民：Celts❖In 43AD , Roman conquered Britain, making the latter a province of Roman Empire.公元43年，罗马征服英国，将其变成罗马帝国的一个省份。
❖In 449 Jutes came to Britain to settle there. Following the Jutes came Angles and Saxons. 449年，朱特人定居英国，紧跟着是安格鲁和撒克逊人。
❖Germanic means the Anglos, the Saxons and the Jutes.日耳曼族包括了安格鲁、萨克逊和朱特人。
❖Anglo-Saxon poetry is bold and strong, mournful and elegiac in spirit.安格鲁撒克逊诗歌大胆而有力，悲伤且忧郁。
❖These tribes from Northern Europe together created the united kingdom--Anglo-Saxon England ("Angle-land").这些来自北欧的部落创建了联合王国--安格鲁撒克逊英格兰(in 449)❖Their dialects naturally grew into a single language called Angle-ish or English, the ancestor of the present-day English.他们的方言自然而然地成为了一种单一的语言--盎格鲁语或者英语。
❖The old English were divided into two groups: ①religious group ②secular group古英语诗歌被分成两类：①宗教②世俗❖The religious group is mainly on biblical theme.宗教诗歌通常以圣经为主题。
中国高考英语试卷及答案
第一部分：听力理解（共25小题，每小题2分，满分50分）Section A（共15小题）1. How does the man feel about the weather today?2. What is the woman's favorite sport?3. What is the main topic of the conversation?4. Where does the man usually have lunch?5. Why does the woman think the man is late?6. What is the man planning to do this weekend?7. How does the woman prefer to travel?8. What is the man's opinion about online shopping?9. Why does the woman need to take the medicine?10. What is the man's suggestion for the woman's diet?11. How does the woman feel about the new policy?12. What is the man's main concern about the project?13. Why does the woman think it's important to learn a second language?14. What is the man's reason for choosing this university?15. How does the woman usually deal with stress?Section B（共10小题）Passage One16. What is the main purpose of the passage?17. According to the passage, what is the most common cause of headaches?18. How can one prevent headaches according to the passage?19. What is the advice given for people who have frequent headaches?Passage Two20. What is the passage mainly about?21. Why is exercise important for children according to the speaker?22. What are some of the activities recommended for children to stay active?23. How does exercise affect a child's academic performance?Passage Three24. What is the passage mainly discussing?25. According to the passage, what are the benefits of using solar energy?第二部分：阅读理解（共25小题，每小题2分，满分50分）Section A（共10小题）26-30. Read the following passage and answer the questions.The Internet has become an integral part of our daily lives. It offers numerous benefits, such as easy access to information, communication, and entertainment. However, it also brings challenges, including privacy concerns and the spread of misinformation. This essay discusses the positive and negative impacts of the Internet.26. What is the main topic of the passage?27. According to the passage, what are some of the benefits of the Internet?28. What challenges does the Internet bring?29. What is the author's opinion about the Internet?30. What is the main purpose of the essay?Section B（共15小题）31-45. Read the following passage and answer the questions.The following is an excerpt from a novel by Jane Austen.31. What is the main conflict in the excerpt?32. Who is the protagonist in this excerpt?33. What is the author's tone in this passage?34. What is the main theme of the novel?35. What is the significance of the setting in this excerpt?36. How does the character of Mr. Darcy contribute to the plot?37. What is the author's use of irony in this passage?38. What is the main purpose of this excerpt?39. How does the author develop the character of Elizabeth Bennet?40. What is the relationship between Elizabeth and Mr. Darcy?41. What is the significance of the ball in this excerpt?42. How does the author use foreshadowing in this passage?43. What is the author's portrayal of the social class during this period?44. What is the main conflict in the novel?45. How does the author use language to create a sense of suspense?第三部分：完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）Read the following passage and choose the best word for each blank.46. The movie industry is a ___________ that has a significant impact on ___________ and culture.47. ___________ of new technologies has changed the way we watch films.48. The first cinema was opened in Paris in ___________.49. The rise of streaming services has ___________ the traditional movie theater.50. Many ___________ prefer the convenience of watching movies at home.51. ___________ is still an important part of the movie industry.52. The production of movies involves ___________ from all over the world.53. ___________ have played a crucial role in the success of many films.54. ___________ have become more popular due to their ability to reach a global audience.55. ___________ is a key factor in the success of a film.56. ___________ the film's plot is interesting, the acting can also make or break a movie.57. ___________ have made it easier for people to watch movies online.58. ___________ is a great way to discover new films.59. ___________ is an important part of the movie industry.60. ___________ has changed the way we experience films.第四部分：短文改错（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）61. The boy _________ went to the store and bought some groceries_________.62. She _________ had a lot of work to do, so she _________ couldn't go to the party.63. The teacher _________ said that the students _________ had to hand in their homework by the end of the day.64. He _________ thought that he _________ was going to pass the exam.65. The movie was so good _________ that I _________ couldn't stop talking about it the next day.66. She _________ has been working on her project for weeks and_________ is still not finished.67. The book _________ was recommended by the teacher _________ is very interesting.68. The plane _________ was scheduled to leave at 9:00 AM _________ actually left at 10:00 AM.69. If _________ you had studied harder, you _________ would have passed the exam.70. The restaurant _________ was famous for its delicious food _________ was closed down last year.第五部分：写作（共两节，满分35分）Section A（15分）Write an email to your friend in a different city, describing your favorite local restaurant and why you like it. Include details about the food, the atmosphere, and your personal experiences.Section B（20分）Write an essay on the topic "The Importance of Environmental Protection." You should discuss the current challenges faced by the environment, the impact of human activities, and what individuals and governments can do to address these issues.。
hatchets around the world 书名 -回复
hatchets around the world 书名-回复"Hatchets Around the World: Unveiling the Global Impact of Conflict"Introduction:Conflict has been an inevitable part of human society since time immemorial. Whether it be battles, wars, or disputes, the presence of armed conflict has left deep scars on the history and development of nations around the world. These conflicts, when analyzed closely, reveal a much deeper and interconnected web of motivations, consequences, and influences. The book "Hatchets Around the World" delves into the major conflicts throughout history and explores their global impact from various perspectives.Chapter 1: Types, Causes, and Outcomes of ConflictIn this chapter, we explore the different types of conflicts that have occurred worldwide, such as territorial disputes, ideological conflicts, and resource wars. Each type has unique causes and outcomes, which are examined in detail. By understanding the root causes of conflicts, we can gain insight into their future prevention and resolution.Chapter 2: Historical Conflicts and Their ImpactHere, the book explores major historical conflicts that have had a profound impact on global history. From the ancient wars between empires to the devastating World Wars, we examine how conflicts shaped the world's political landscape, cultural heritage, and societal development. The impacts of these conflicts can still be seen and felt today, underscoring the importance of studying and understanding them.Chapter 3: Economics and ConflictEconomic factors often play a significant role in both inciting and perpetuating conflicts. This chapter sheds light on how issues such as resource scarcity, economic inequality, and competition for wealth have driven or exacerbated conflicts throughout history. Furthermore, we analyze how conflicts hinder economic development and prosperity, challenging the long-held belief that war benefits economies.Chapter 4: Societal Impact of ConflictConflicts have far-reaching implications for societies, affecting individuals, communities, and entire nations. This chapter investigates the social consequences of conflict, includingdisplacement, migration, and the breakdown of social structures. Moreover, we explore how conflict can lead to the displacement of cultural heritage, the erosion of trust between different social groups, and the rise of violence and extremism.Chapter 5: Diplomacy and Conflict ResolutionWhile conflicts are rampant, so are the efforts to resolve and prevent them. This chapter examines the role of diplomacy and international institutions in mitigating conflicts and maintaining peace. We study successful diplomatic interventions throughout history and analyze the factors that contributed to their effectiveness. Additionally, we explore the limitations and challenges faced by these mechanisms in resolving conflicts in the modern world.Chapter 6: The Global Impact of Modern ConflictsIn this chapter, we focus on contemporary conflicts and their consequences on a global scale. From the ongoing conflicts in the Middle East to the rise of cyber warfare, we explore how modern conflicts have transcended geographical boundaries, spreading their impact across nations and continents. By understanding the interconnectedness of modern conflicts, we strive to find solutionsto prevent further escalation and devastation.Conclusion:"Hatchets Around the World: Unveiling the Global Impact of Conflict" examines the multifaceted nature of conflicts and their global implications. By delving into the various dimensions of conflicts - historical, economic, societal, diplomatic, and contemporary - the book provides readers with a comprehensive understanding of the global impact of conflict. Ultimately, it is our hope that through this exploration, we can inspire a world that values peaceful coexistence and strives towards resolving conflicts through dialogue and understanding.。
美国文学选择
1.Emerson was the most leading spirit of theTranscendental Club.2.The convention of the desire for an escape from society and a return to nature inAmerican literature is particularly evident in Cooper's Leather-stocking Tales.3.Irving was the first American to achieve an international literary reputation in the American literary history4.Hawthorne's works are marked by a preoccupation with the Calvinistic5.Irving's Rip Van Winkle got ideas from German legends.6.Irving has been regarded as a writer who “perfected the best classic style that American literature ever produced.”7.Rip Van Winkle reveals the theme of nostalgia for the past.8.Whitman is not the mumber of Transcendental Club.9.The unofficial manifesto for the Transcendental Club was Nature.10.In Hawthorne's The Scarlet Letter,“A” may stand for all the above.11.In Leaves of Grass, all the above is all that concerned Whitman.12.In the early 19th century, nothing has left a deeper imprint on the character of the American people as a whole than did Puritanism.13.Fire an Ice is not the work by Whitman.14.In the poem ‘ song of myself',Whitman sets forth the principle beliefs of both A and B.15.which of the following had influence on Melville’s writing? All the above16.The private life is not melville’s work.17.the white whale Moby dick is a symbol of nature.18.Ishmael is the narrator in Moby Dick.19.the Romantic Period in the history of American literature began at the end of the 18th century. 20.Transcendentalism was put forward by the peoplr from New England.21.the romantic period of American literature started with the publication of Washington Irving’s The Sketch Book and ended with Whitman’s leaves of grass.22.Washington irving’s social conservationand ……, to some extent, in his famous story,Rip Van Winkle.23.The chief spokesman of new england transcendentalism is Ralph Waldo Emerson.24.in his essay, Ralph Waldo Emerson put forward his philosophy……Individual and Nature.25.Nathaniel Hawthorne’s literary world turns out to be a most disturbed,……，……human beings.26.most of the poem in Leaves of Grass sing of the “en-masse” and the self as well.27.in when lilacs last in the DooryardBloom’d,Whitman airs his sorrow at President lincoln’s death.28.in There Was a Child Went Forth,Whitman own early experience ……growing American.29.the poem Cavalry Crossing a Ford reminds its reader ……civil war.30.Moby Dick is regarded as the first American prose epic.31.Ahab , the tragic hero of mobydick,……,becomes ……destroy evil.32.in Young Goodman Brown, Hawthorne sets out to prove that everyone ……secret.33.in 1837, Ralph Waldo Emerson made a speech entitled The American Scholar at Harvard,...........Independence.34.in Hawthorne’s “Young Goodman Brown”,.............the “power of blackness.35.For Melville ,as well as for the reader and Ishmael,the narrator,.....universe.36.Most of poems in whitman’s leaves of grass sing of the “en-masse” and the self as well.37.the giant moby dick may symbolize all EXCEPT sin of the whale.38.which of the following is NOT one of the main ideas advocated by Emerson,....American Romanticism? Faith in Christianity.39.which may not be one of the cause for the rise of American Romantic movement?The victory of the settlers in the Indian war.40.in Irving Rip Van Winkle the drastic changes in the lapsed 20 years .....except the graves of the dead Union soldiers.41.in moby dick after the whaling ship the Pequod sink ,Melville writes:”...then all “the author might imply that man’s desire to conquer nature can only end in his own destruction42.after the night in the forest in Hawthorne’s Young .....his eloquent sermon.thereason ..perhaps that Brown had committed a sinful act. 43.which of the work concerns ...original sin?TheScarlet Letter.44.we can perhaps summarize that Whitman’spoems ....EXCEPT that they are lyrical andwell-structured.45.the period before the American civil war iscommonly referred to as the Romantic period.46.most of Herman melville’s novels are based onsea voyages and sea....NOT the case? TheConfidence-man.47.the transcendentalists believe that ,first, natureis ennobling;and second ,the individual is divine.48.which of the following is not a work ofNathaniel Hawthorne’s?White Jacket.49.in hawthorne’s novel and shotstories,intellectuals usually appears as villains.50.Besides sketches,tales.....a book on history ofNew York ,which... writing.51. In American literature,escaping from thesociety....subject.the following titles... , ...., to thesubject EXCEPT Dreiser’s Sister Carrie.52.Melville’s Moby Dick is an encyclopedia ofeverything.......whaling industry.53.”The universe is composed of nature and thesoul...”,the phase of New EnglandTranscendentalism.54.Irving was best known for his shot story such asRip Van Winkle.55.THe finest example of Hawthorne’ssymbolism ...in The scarlet letter.56.Led by Hawthorne,Emerson and Thoreau,therearose ......nineteenth century.57.Transcendentalists recognized intuition as the“.....soul”58. Transcendentalists doctrinesfound .....advocate in Emerson and Thoreau.59.AS a philosophical and literarymovement,transcendentalism flourished (ivi)war.60.which of the following is NOT a famous conceptof transcendentalism? Man is corrupted in nature.61.which of the following works began to makeIrving internationally known?The sketch book.62.which of the following is NOT true concerningWashington Irving?He is the first American writerto declare the independence of Americanliterature.63.The Scarlet letter by Hawthorne is mainlyconcerned with the consequence of sin and guilt64.what is Hawthorne’s attitude towardPuritanism?MIxed65.one typical feature of Irving writing is his bestclassic style.66.”I celebrate myself ,and sing myself.......”whocould have written these lines?Walt Whitman.67.what kind of narrative point of view...in MobyDick ?The first person.68.which of ....is NOT about the humannature?Nathaniel Hawthorne.69.which of the ...cannot be used to describeWhitman poetry?Elegance and gentle.70.when Emerson states in the introduction to hisnature:”our age is retrospective”We see this worldthrough our ancestors’ eyes.71.which of ...NOT a typical feature of theAmerican Romantic writings?Emphasis on rules oforde r,reason......decorum72.the statement that a man’s journey to the darkforest .....,may well sum up ...themes ofHawthone’s Young Goodman Brown.73.here is a short passage from a story :”herecognized on the sign,...., GENERALWASHINGTON”the story must be Irving Rip VanWinkle74.which of the following is NOT a typical featureof Hawthorne’s Young Goodman Brown?interiormonologue75.in Rip Van Winkle ,Washington irving agreeswith the protagonist ....the real world.76.Whitman is noted for his use of oral language.77.according to Whitman,the genuineparticipation of a poet....as a supremeindividualist.78.Leaves of grass commands great attentionbecause of ......embodiment of the democraticideals,.......civil war.79.Walt Whitman was a founding figure.....his useof free verse,poetry....scheme.80.The pink ribbon appears ....which mightpossibly suggest that Goodman Brown’s night trialin the forest might be an illusion.81.Moby Dick,the big white whale,....EXCEPTadultery.82.the famous 20-years sleep in Rip VanWinkle ........greatly affected by Irving’sinvolvement with the passage of time.83.according to Nathaniel Hawthorne,romanceshould be a mixture of facts and fancy.84.Henry David Thoreau’s work,Walden,hasalways ....transcendentalism movement.85.”nothing is at last sacred but theintegrity...mind”is a famous quote from RalphWaldo Emerson’s.86.the romantic writers would focus on all thefollowing issues EXPECT the idea of survival of thefittest.87.the literary characters of American type in early19th centry ....EXCEPT that they are polite andelegant gentlemen.88.Hester Prymne,DimmesdaleChilingworth,....characters in The Scarlet Letter.89.the belief that first,nature is ennobling;andsecond ,....divine describes transcendentalists.90.The horizon’s edge,the flying sea-crow,....willalways go forth every day. The two line are takenfrom There Was a Child Went Forth by WaltWhitman.91.Washington Irving was one of the first American.as Father of the American short stories.92.It is on his tales about America thatWashington Irving’s fame mainly rested.93.Nathaniel Hawthorne is the most ambivalentwriter in the American literary history.94.Washington Irving’s Rip Van Wrinkle is famousfor Rip’s 20-year sleep.95.The publication of Nature established Emersonas the most eloquent......Transcendentalism.96.Which of following accounts is NOT true forRalph Waldo Emerson? Emerson is generallyknown as dramatist.97.Statement”Hawthorne is a realistic writer”iswrong in describing most is over-reaching intellect.98.Which of .......by Herman Melville is NOT true?The Confidence-Man has something to do withthe sea and sailors.99.Which of....is not finished by Ralph WaldoEmerson? Of Studies.100.Statement”Washington Irving is regarded asFather of the American long stories.”is NOT true.101.Thoreau was often alone in the woodsmunication with nature.102.By Brown in Young Goodman Brown,Hawthorne means he is an everyman.103.Which of the following statements about TheScarlet Letter is NOT true?It explores man’snever-ending search for.....104.”Nothing is at last sacred but the integrity ofyour mind”......from Ralph Waldo Emerson’swritings.105.The theme of Walt Whitman’s Song ofMyself may be well started as “It sings of....”106.The American Puritanism as a cultural heritagebenefited the Americans in strengthening theirmoral values.107.”strange names were over the doors....”theabove passage is taken from Irving’s Rip VanWrinkle.108.According to Hawthorne, the scarlet letter”A”which originally stood for Adultery finallyobtained ...109.The phrase “a transparent eye-ball”....ofEmerson’s.It appears in Nature.110.Irving was best known for his famous shortstories such as Rip Van Wrinkle and The Legend ofSleepy Hollow.111.Emerson,Thoreau and Whitman areconsidered three great transcendental figures.112.The finest example of Hawthorne’s symbolismis reflected in his The Scarlet Letter113.In”perched upon a bust of Pallas just abovemy chamber door...”refers to a raven114.In Walt Whitman’s”There was a Child WentForth.”The child refers to the young America.115.The writer known for his frontier novels wasJame Fenimore Cooper.116.The author of Civil Disobedience is HenryDavid Thoreau.117.The chief spokesman of New EnglandTranscendentalism is Ralph Waldo Emerson.118.Whitman wrote the poem “O! Captain!MyCaptain！”in memory of Abraham Emerson.119.Washington Irving”s contribution to Americadoes NOT included he paved the way towardsRealism.120.”Success is counted sweetest/By those whone’er succeed.”is written by Dickinson.121.Diaries,histories,journals,letters,commonplace,travel books.......of the colonial period.。
南京大屠杀的英语作文
The Nanjing Massacre,also known as the Rape of Nanking,is a significant and tragic event in the history of China that occurred during the Second SinoJapanese War.In December1937,the Japanese Imperial Army captured the city of Nanjing,which was then the capital of the Republic of China.What followed was a brutal sixweek period of mass murder and rape,which has left an indelible mark on the collective memory of the Chinese people.The invasion of Nanjing was part of a larger military campaign by Japan to assert dominance over China.The Japanese forces,under the command of General Iwane Matsui,launched a fullscale attack on the city.Despite the valiant efforts of Chinese defenders,the city fell to the invaders on December13,1937.Once in control of Nanjing,the Japanese soldiers engaged in widespread atrocities.It is estimated that between40,000to over300,000Chinese civilians and disarmed soldiers were killed during this period.The victims included men,women,and children of all ages.Many were subjected to brutal torture,rape,and public executions.The acts of violence were not limited to murder and rape.The Japanese soldiers also engaged in looting and the destruction of cultural heritage sites.Libraries,museums,and historical monuments were targeted,resulting in the loss of invaluable artifacts and documents.The international community was largely unaware of the extent of the atrocities committed in Nanjing until the publication of The Rape of Nanking by Iris Chang in 1997.Her book brought the horrors of the massacre to the forefront of global consciousness and sparked a renewed interest in the event.Despite the overwhelming evidence of the crimes committed during the Nanjing Massacre,there has been a lack of official recognition and apology from the Japanese government.This has led to ongoing tensions between China and Japan,with the massacre serving as a painful reminder of the past.The Nanjing Massacre is a stark reminder of the atrocities that can occur during times of war.It is essential that we remember and learn from history to prevent such tragedies from happening again.The event serves as a testament to the resilience of the human spirit and the importance of standing up against injustice and violence.In conclusion,the Nanjing Massacre is a dark chapter in the history of China and the world.It is a story of immense suffering and loss,but also one of courage and survival.As we remember the victims of this horrific event,we must also commit to working towards a future where such atrocities are never repeated.。
小学上册第12次英语第三单元测验卷
小学上册英语第三单元测验卷英语试题一、综合题(本题有100小题，每小题1分，共100分.每小题不选、错误，均不给分)1.What is the name of the famous waterfall located on the border of the USA and Canada?A. Yosemite FallsB. Niagara FallsC. Victoria FallsD. Angel FallsB2. A frog croaks during the ________________ (夜晚).3.My uncle, ______ (我的叔叔), has a collection of coins.4.We have art class on ___. (Thursday)5.My cat loves to catch ______ (小虫) in the grass.6.The _____ (quinoa) is a superfood plant.7.The ________ was a series of conflicts fought for independence in Latin America.8.The process of crystallization involves forming __________ from a solution.9.What is the name of the famous clock tower in London?A. Big BenB. London EyeC. Tower BridgeD. Buckingham Palace答案:A10.We can _______ (一起) ride bicycles.11.The _____ (candy) is sweet.12.What do we call a person who studies animals in their natural habitat?A. EcologistB. ZoologistC. BiologistD. Conservationist13.What is the first letter of the English alphabet?A. AB. BC. CD. DA14.h Revolution led to the rise of ________ (民主). The Fren15.Planting native species can help support local ______ (生态).16.What is the name of the famous British detective created by Arthur Conan Doyle?A. Hercule PoirotB. Miss MarpleC. Sherlock HolmesD. Sam Spade17.My mom, ______ (我妈妈), enjoys gardening and caring for plants.18.What is the name of the first female prime minister of the UK?A. Margaret ThatcherB. Theresa MayC. Angela MerkelD. Ellen Johnson Sirleaf19.I enjoy _____ with my family. (spending time)20.What do we call the study of human societies and cultures?A. SociologyB. AnthropologyC. PsychologyD. Archaeology21.What do you call a collection of written works?A. LibraryB. AnthologyC. ArchiveD. All of the aboveD22. A ______ helps to break down waste.23. A reaction that occurs without outside energy is called a ______ reaction.24.What is 25 + 25?A. 40B. 45C. 50D. 5525.The ______ helps fish to swim.26.Which animal says "moo"?A. DogB. CatC. CowD. DuckC Cow27.What do we call a journey to a place for pleasure?A. TripB. BusinessC. CommuteD. Expedition28.We have a _____ (晚会) planned for the end of the year.29.The _______ of a plant can vary widely.30.The law of conservation of mass states that mass cannot be _____ in a chemical reaction.31.My favorite toy is a ________ truck.32.Which insect makes honey?A. FlyB. AntC. BeeD. Mosquito33.She is a journalist, ______ (她是一名记者), reporting the news.34.What is the capital city of Mongolia?A. UlaanbaatarB. ErdenetC. DarkhanD. ChoibalsanA35.Which fruit is often mistaken for a vegetable?A. StrawberryB. TomatoC. LemonD. PeachB36.I want to _____ (understand) how plants grow.37.The ______ (液体) within plant cells is called cytoplasm.38.The capital city of Djibouti is ________ (吉布提的首都城市是________).39.The ______ (种植园) produces coffee beans.40.The gazelle can run very ________________ (快).41.The cat is _____ (black).42.What is the term for a baby tiger?A. CubB. PupC. KitD. FawnA43.What is the capital of the United Kingdom?A. EdinburghB. CardiffC. LondonD. BelfastC44.The Earth's crust is mostly composed of ______ and silicate minerals.45.In which sport do players dribble a ball?A. SoccerB. BaseballC. BasketballD. TennisC46.The flamingo is known for its _______ (优雅).47.I love to eat ________ in the fall.48.What is the capital of Russia?A. MoscowB. St. PetersburgC. KievD. MinskA49.I found a ________ on the floor.50.The __________ (历史的联系) underlines unity.51.Which continent is known for having kangaroos?A. AfricaB. AsiaC. AustraliaD. EuropeC52.It is _____ (下雨) today.53.The cheetah is the fastest _________ (动物).54.She is _____ (开心) today.55.The first successful manned mission to the moon was ________ (阿波罗11号).56.The Earth's core is very ______.57.The fish swims in _______ (优雅).58.The __________ is a large area of sand.59. A ______ is a structured approach to inquiry.60.Matter is anything that has mass and takes up _____.61.What do we call the action of reading aloud?A. RecitingB. NarratingC. SpeakingD. RecappingA62.The main source of energy for living organisms is ______.63.The ______ helps us understand different professions.64.The _______ (Hopi) are one of the Native American tribes in the Southwest.65.What is the opposite of "hot"?A. WarmB. CoolC. ColdD. Freezing66.Chemical changes often involve the formation or breaking of ________.67.The Earth’s ______ is made up of solid rock and is where we live.68.What do we call a young owl?A. OwletB. ChickC. HatchlingD. PupA Owlet69. A __________ is a reaction that involves oxidation and reduction.70.The __________ is a large desert located in the southwestern United States. (索诺兰沙漠)71. A __________ is a type of fish that can live in fresh or salt water.72.Which instrument has strings and is played with a bow?A. GuitarB. ViolinC. DrumsD. FluteB73.古代的________ (peoples) 通过语言和文化传播影响彼此。
韩素音青年翻译
英译汉竞赛原文：The Posteverything GenerationI never expected to gain any new insight into the nature我从未想过要对我们这一代人的本质，of my generation, or the changing landscape of American 或者说在美国大学变化中的风景，colleges, in Lit Theory. Lit Theory is supposed to be the class 在理论上获得任何新的见解。
文学理论应该是where you sit at the back of the room with every other jaded 你和其他穿着sophomore wearing skinny jeans, thick-framed glasses, an 紧身牛仔裤和一件夸张的T恤，带着厚框眼镜和ironic tee-shirt and over-sized retro headphones, just waiting 超大号的复古耳机的疲惫不堪的学生们坐在教室的后排，等待for lecture to be over so you can light up a Turkish Gold and着讲座结束，然后你可以点亮一根土耳其黄金，walk to lunch while listening to Wilco. That’s pretty much 听着Wilco去吃中饭。
这也是the way I spent the course, too: through structuralism,我度过课程最好的方式：通过结构主义，formalism, gender theory, and post-colonialism, I was far too 形式主义，性别理论，后殖民主义，我相当busy shuffling through my Ipod to see what the patriarchal world 忙碌的通过我的iPod看资本主义order of capitalist oppression had to do with Ethan Frome. But 压迫的男权世界秩序跟伊坦。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
Conflicts in the Return of the Native
Conflict is the tension between characters, or the actual opposition of characters. It may be the confrontation of actions, ideas, desires, or wills. It is the basic opposition that builds the suspense and engages the reader’s expectation.
There are lots of conflicts in the Return of the Native, such as Clym and Eustacia’s,
Mrs. Yeobright and Eustacia’s, Wildeve and Eustacia’s and so on. In this paper, I will introduce the conflicts between Clym and Eustacia in detail.
Clym and Eustacia have different concept of value and different life aims. So these conflicts between them lead to the tragedy. Clym Yeobright, a manager of a big jewelry shop, is to return from Paris to his native village, Egdon. He comes from prosperous city, burdened with socialist ideals. He loves his hometown very much. Eustacia, in a reverse pattern, comes from Budmouth with dreams of social splendour ,and she is dissatisfied with life in the heath and wants to marry a man of means in order to escape her boring existence. She hates Egdon Heath very much. Hardy designed Clym and Eustacia as natures opposed in certain ways, brought together for disaster by catastrophic sexual passion. In no way does this seem clearer than through their attitudes to the heath:“ Take all varying hates felt by Eustacia Vye towards the heath, and translate them into love, and you have the heart of Clym”(pp.175-6). Earlier in the same paragraph the narrator says :”If anyone knew the heath well, it was Clym. He was permeated with its scenes, with its substance, and with its odors. He might be said to be its product.’’ But Eustacia knows nothing of the history of the heath and she has n’t learned its tongue.
Eustacia always wants to marry a man of means to go to Paris. The return of Clym excites her imagination with the prospect of a union with him and a possible luxurious life in Paris. By careful arrangement, Eustacia meets Clym and they fall in love .After the marriage, Eustacia is disappointed to find that Clym has no intension of returning to Paris, and plans instead to devote him to the education of the villagers. His determination to carry out his plan is as firm as her desire to escape the heath. The conflicts break out when Clym becomes a furze-cutter and his mother died from Eustacia’s mistake. It’s also the time to end the story as a tragedy.
Reference
Thomas Hardy, the Return of the Native, Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching Research
Press, 1994。