Andrew Carnegie
卡耐基美国著名企业家和慈善家
卡耐基美国著名企业家和慈善家Andrew Carnegie, an Inspiring American Entrepreneur and PhilanthropistIntroduction:Andrew Carnegie, a prominent figure in American history, is widely recognized as one of the most successful entrepreneurs and philanthropists of his time. Born in Scotland in 1835, Carnegie emigrated to the United States in 1848, where he would eventually make his fortune in the steel industry. In this article, we will explore the remarkable life and achievements of Andrew Carnegie, focusing on his entrepreneurial spirit and his significant contributions to philanthropy.Early Life and Entrepreneurial Journey:Andrew Carnegie's journey to success began with humble beginnings. Coming from a working-class family, Carnegie started working at the age of 13 as a bobbin boy in a cotton factory. However, his determination and eagerness to learn propelled his rise in the business world. Through a combination of hard work and shrewd decision-making, Carnegie gradually climbed the ladder of success.The Steel Empire:Carnegie's most notable achievement came with the establishment of his steel empire. Understanding the growing demand for steel products during the industrial revolution, he revolutionized the steel industry by introducing new technologies and production methods. Carnegie's company, CarnegieSteel Company, became the largest and most profitable steel producer in the United States, solidifying his position as a prominent industrialist.Innovation and Vertical Integration:One of the key factors contributing to Carnegie's success was his commitment to innovation and vertical integration. He constantly sought new ways to improve efficiency and lower costs in the steel production process. By acquiring and merging with various smaller companies involved in different stages of steel production, Carnegie achieved vertical integration, effectively controlling all aspects of the production cycle. This strategy not only increased his company's profitability but also gave Carnegie a dominant position in the industry.Philanthropy and Giving Back:Despite achieving immense wealth and success, Andrew Carnegie believed in the responsibility of the wealthy to give back to society. After selling his steel company to J.P. Morgan in 1901, Carnegie devoted the rest of his life to philanthropy. His notable philanthropic endeavors include the establishment of around 2,500 public libraries, the founding of the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, and the establishment of the Carnegie Corporation of New York. Carnegie's philanthropic initiatives aimed to promote education, culture, and international understanding, leaving a lasting impact on society.Legacy and Impact:Andrew Carnegie's influence extends far beyond his lifetime. His philanthropic efforts continue to have a positive impact on communitiesacross the United States and beyond. The public libraries he established have provided access to knowledge and education for countless individuals. Moreover, his ideas on philanthropy and wealth distribution have shaped the way many successful individuals approach giving back to society. Carnegie's legacy as an industrialist, philanthropist, and advocate for social progress remains inspirational to this day.Conclusion:Andrew Carnegie's journey from humble beginnings to becoming one of the most successful entrepreneurs and philanthropists in American history showcases his determination, innovation, and commitment to social progress. His contributions to the steel industry and philanthropic endeavors continue to leave a lasting impact on society. Andrew Carnegie's story serves as an inspiration for aspiring entrepreneurs and a reminder of the power of giving back to create a better world.。
国外企业社会责任研究综述
国外企业社会责任研究综述国外, 社会, 责任, 企业, 研究相关词条：国外, 社会, 责任, 企业, 研究摘要：我国企业在经济转型时期所引发诸多社会问题，激发了国内学术界与企业界对于企业社会责任探讨的浓厚兴趣。
文章总结了国外企业社会责任的研究历程，包括学者的论战、概念的界定、不同学科视野和相关衍生理论及实践研究，并对当前国外企业社会责任研究的前沿问题与研究趋势进行了展望。
关键词：企业社会责任，理论，实践，趋势引言近年来，企业社会责任（Corporate Social Responsibility，CSR）的研究引起了国内企业界与理论界的广泛关注，同时，我国企业在经济转型时期所引发的诸多社会问题如食品安全、生产过程的劳动安全保护等以及SA8000认证的实践，促使我国公众对CSR日益重视。
但是，国内学术界与企业界对于CSR的系统探讨相对较少，笔者拟就国外CSR的理论研究现状及实践进行概述，并总结其研究趋势与前沿问题，以供CSR的研究者参考。
国外对于CSR的关注始于19世纪末，自由资本主义经济的发展产生了大量的大型企业，拥有经济优势的大型企业滥用其权力，使市场中其他经营主体与消费者蒙受损失的可能性加大，进而产生行贿、虚假广告、劣质产品和环境污染等社会问题。
此后不久，Andrew Carnegie （1899）提出了公司社会责任的观点。
然而，受到时代背景限制，Carnegie的观点主要针对大公司，在当时并没有引起社会关注。
与此相适应，企业社会责任的观念只是零星的、偶然的和不系统的，没有一个明确的概念被提出来。
Oliver Sheldon（1924）在其著作《管理哲学》中把公司社会责任与公司经营者满足产业内外各种人类需要的责任联系起来，并认为公司社会责任含有道德因素在内。
Howard R.Bowen（1953）发表了《商人的社会责任》一书，提出了商人应该为社会承担什么责任的问题，从而开启了关于CSR的现代研究。
Andrew Carnegie
Andrew CarnegieAndrew Carnegie was a Scottish-American industrialist, businessman, and philanthropist. Born in 1835 in Dunfermline, Scotland, Carnegie later immigrated to the United States and became one of the wealthiest men in history. He is best known for his role in the expansion of the American steel industry, but his legacy extends far beyond his success as a business leader.Early LifeCarnegie was born into poverty in Dunfermline, Scotland. His parents, William Carnegie and Margaret Morrison Carnegie, were weavers. William Carnegie was also an avid reader and political activist. As a result, young Andrew was influenced by his father’s interests in politics and reading from a young age.At the age of 13, Carnegie’s family immigrated to the United States, settling in Allegheny City, Pennsylvania. Carnegie began working in a textile mill, earning only $1.20 per week. However, he was a quick learner and advanced rapidly. By the age of 16, he was working as a telegraph operator for the Pennsylvania Railroad.Carnegie was a voracious reader and self-educated. He spent much of his free time reading books provided by Colonel James Anderson, a local businessman who opened his personal library to working boys. Through his reading, Carnegie began to develop a sense of the opportunities available in the business world.Business SuccessCarnegie’s first job in the steel industry was as a telegrapher for the Pennsylvania Railroad Company. His strong work ethic and excellent organizational skills soon led to promotions. In 1865, he resigned from the railroad and set up his own steel mill with business partner Henry Phipps.Carnegie quickly became known for his innovative management strategies and his ability to streamline his operations. He was an early adopter of the Bessemer process, a new technique for mass producing steel. He also implemented vertical integration, buying up all of the companies that supplied his raw materials and selling his own finished products.By 1900, Carnegie Steel was producing more steel than all of Great Britain. Carnegie’s business success made him one of the wealthiest men in the world.PhilanthropyDespite his immense wealth, Carnegie was not content with simply accumulating money. He believed that the wealthy had a responsibility to give backto their communities. Throughout his life, he donated millions of dollars to various causes.Carnegie’s philanthropic efforts began in earnest in 1881 when he established the Carnegie Institute in Pittsburgh. He donated millions of dollars to the institute over the years, which included a library, museum, and music hall.Carnegie’s most significant philanthropic achievement was the founding of the Carnegie Corporation of New York in 1911. The foundation was established with a $135 million endowment and was designed to promote education and scientific research.Carnegie also established the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching, which provided grants to universities and colleges across the United States. He believed that education was the key to social progress and wanted to ensure that everyone had access to it.LegacyAndrew Carnegie passed away on August 11, 1919, at the age of 84. He left behind a legacy as one of the most successful businessmen and philanthropists in history.Carnegie’s life stands a s a testament to the power of hard work, determination, and innovation. He rose from poverty to become one of the wealthiest men in the world, but never lost sight of his responsibility to give back to his community.Today, Carnegie’s philanthropic legacy lives on through the many institutions he established. The Carnegie Corporation of New York and the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching continue to provide support to education and scientific research.Andrew Carnegie’s story is one of the great American rags-to-riches stories. He truly embodies the American dream and his impact on business and philanthropy continues to inspire people around the world.。
andrew carnegie阅读理解
andrew carnegie阅读理解
安德鲁·卡内基（Andrew Carnegie）是19世纪末和20世纪初的美国工业家和慈善家，也是美国钢铁工业的巨头之一。
他的事业和影响力使他成为世界首富之一。
阅读理解关于安德鲁·卡内基的文章通常会涉及以下内容：
1. 个人背景：文章可能会介绍卡内基的个人背景，包括他的出生地、家庭背景和早年经历。
这些资料有助于了解他的成长过程和对他后来的事业和慈善事业的影响。
2. 钢铁帝国：文章可能会介绍卡内基在钢铁行业的发展和成功。
它可以提及他的创业故事、钢铁生产的创新和扩张，以及他如何成为美国钢铁业的主导力量。
3. 慈善事业：卡内基一生积累了巨大的财富，并致力于慈善事业。
文章可能会讨论他的慈善捐赠，包括建立图书馆、大学和其他教育机构。
这些慈善事业对美国教育体系的发展产生了深远的影响。
4. 政治和社会观点：卡内基在政治和社会问题上也有积极的观点。
文章可能会提到他对工人权益的看法，以及他在反战和和平领域的参与。
5. 遗产：文章可能会讨论卡内基的遗产和影响力，包括他对商业和慈善领域的持续影响，以及他的思想对后来的商业领袖和慈善家的启示。
阅读关于安德鲁·卡内基的文章可以帮助了解他的故事和他对美国工业和慈善事业的影响。
它也可以提供对他的商业成功、慈善事业和社会观点的理解。
安德鲁卡耐基(andrew carnegie).doc
安德鲁卡耐基(Andrew Carnegie)andrew carnegie, known as the king of steel, built the steel industry in the united states, and , in the process, became one of the wealthiest men in america. his success resulted in part from his ability to sell the product and in part from his policy of expanding during periods of economic decline, when most of his competitors were reducing their investments.carnegie believed that individuals should progress through hard work, but he also felt strongly that the wealthy should use their fortunes for the benefit of society. he opposed charity, preferring instead to provide educational opportunities that would allow others to help themselves. “he who dies rich, dies disgraced,” he often said. among his more noteworthy contribut ions to society are those that bear his name, including the carnegie institute of pittsburgh, which has a library, a museum of fine arts, and a museum of national history. he also founded a school of technology that is now part of carnegie-mellon university. other philanthrophic gifts are the carnegie endowment for international peace to promote understanding between nations, the carnegie institute of washington to fund scientific research, and carnegie hall to provide a center for the arts.few americans have been left untouched by andrew carnegie`s generosity. his contributions of more than five million dollars established 2,500 libraries in small communities throughout the country and formed the nucleus of the public library system that we all enjoy today.。
男生英文名字大全(包括含义)
柏宜斯
法国
住在森林中，独立者。
Boyd
布德
塞尔特
金发的；白种人的。
Bradley
布兰得利
英国
宽广的草地。
Brady
布莱迪
英国
生气蓬勃的；宽广的岛屿。
Brandon
布兰登
英国
发亮的山区。
Brian
布莱恩
塞尔特和盖尔
有权势的领袖;出生高贵。
Broderick
布拉得里克
斯堪的那维亚
著名的国王。
Brook
意大利
上帝的使者。
Augus
安格斯
盖尔
一个，唯一无二的;爱神。
Ansel
安斯艾尔
法国
出身或教养均极高贵的人.
Antony
安东尼
拉丁
值得赞美,备受尊崇的。
Antoine
安东莞
欧洲
值得赞美，备受尊崇的。
Antonio
安东尼奥
拉丁
值得赞美,备受尊崇的。
Archer
阿奇尔
英国
拉开千钧之弓的大力士。
Archibald
布鲁克
英国
傍溪而居之人。
Bruce
布鲁斯
法国
一座森林。
Bruno
布鲁诺
意大利
褐色的或黑色的肤色。
Buck
巴克
英国
雄鹿。
Burgess
伯骑士
英国
自由的人。
Burke
巴尔克
法国
住在城堡要塞的人。
Burnell
布尼尔
法国
身材矮小者。
Burton
波顿
英国
山丘上的小镇.
常见男英文名一览
【常有男英文名一览】1、字母 A开头的男性英文名：Aaron 亚伦Abel 亚伯 ?(Abelard的昵称)Abraham 亚伯拉罕Adam 亚当Adrian艾德里安Aidan艾登/艾丹Alva阿尔瓦Alex亚历克斯?(Alexander的昵称) Alexander亚历山大Alan 艾伦 ?( 常变形为 Eilian,Allan,Ailin) Albert艾伯特Alfred阿尔弗雷德Andrew 安德鲁Andy 安迪 ?(Andrew的昵称)Angus 安格斯Anthony安东尼Apollo阿波罗Arnold阿诺德Arthur亚瑟August奥古斯特Austin奥斯汀2、字母 B开头的男性英文名：Ben 本 ?( 全部 Ben 开头的英文名的昵称 ) Benjamin 本杰明Bert伯特Benson 本森Bill比尔Billy比利Blake布莱克Bob 鲍伯Bobby 鲍比Brad 布拉德Brandon 布兰登Brant布兰特Brent布伦特Brian/Bryan布赖恩Brown 布朗Bruce 布鲁斯3、字母 C开头的男性英文名字：Caleb 迦勒Cameron 卡梅伦Carl卡尔Carlos卡洛斯Cary凯里Caspar卡斯帕Cecil塞西Charles查尔斯Cheney 采尼Chris克里斯 ?(Christian,Christopher的昵称 )Christian克里斯蒂安Christopher克里斯多夫Clark克拉克Cliff柯利弗Cody 科迪Cole科尔Colin科林Cosmo 科兹莫4、字母 D开头的男性英文名字：Daniel丹尼尔Denny 丹尼Darwin达尔文David大卫Dennis丹尼斯Derek 德里克Dick狄克Donald唐纳德Douglas道格拉斯Duke 杜克Dylan迪伦5、字母 E开头的男英文名：Eddie埃迪Edgar 埃德加Edison爱迪生Edmund 艾德蒙Edward 爱德华Edwin 艾德文Elijah以利亚Elliott艾略特Elvis埃尔维斯Eric埃里克?(Frederick的昵称)Ethan 伊桑Eugene 柳真Evan 埃文Enterprise6、字母 F、G开头的男英文名：Ford福特Jimmy 吉米 ?(James 的昵称 )Francis弗兰克思Joe 乔 ?(Joseph 的昵称 )Frank弗兰克 ?(Francis,Franklin的昵称)John约翰Franklin富兰克林Johnny约翰尼(亦译为:乔尼)Fred弗瑞德Jonathan 乔纳森Gabriel加百利Jordan乔丹Gaby 加比 ?(Gabriel的昵称)Jose/Joseph 约瑟夫Garfield加菲尔德Joshua约书亚Gary加里Justin贾斯汀Gavin加文Geoffrey杰弗里George乔治8、字母 K、L 开头的男生英文名：Gino基诺Keith凯斯Glen格林Ken 肯 ?(Ken 结尾名字的昵称 )Glendon格林顿Kennedy 肯尼迪Kenneth肯尼斯Kenny 肯尼 ?(Kenneth的昵称)7、字母 H、I 开头的男英文名字：Kevin凯文Hank 汉克Kyle凯尔Hardy哈帝Lance 兰斯Harrison哈里森Larry拉里 ?(Lawrence的昵称 )Harry哈利Laurent劳伦特Hayden 海顿Lawrence 劳伦斯Henry亨利Leander利安德尔Hilton希尔顿Lee 李Hugo 雨果Leo 雷欧 ?(Leander,Leonard,Leopold的昵Hunk 汉克称 )Howard 霍华德Leonard雷纳德Henry亨利Leopold利奥波特Ian 伊恩Leslie?莱斯利Ignativs伊格纳缇伍兹 ?( 其变形为 Ignace Loren劳伦 ?( 同 Lauren)伊格纳茨 ,Ignatz伊格纳兹)Lori劳瑞 ?( 同 Lorry)Ivan伊凡Lorin劳瑞恩Isaac艾萨克Louis路易斯Isaiah以赛亚/艾塞亚Luke卢克/路加8、字母J开头的男英文名字：9、字母 M、N开头的男生英文名：Jack 杰克Marcus马库斯Jackson 杰克逊Marcy 马西Jacob雅各布Mark 马克James詹姆士 ?(Jacob的英文形式)Marks 马科斯Jason詹森Mars 马尔斯Jay 杰伊Marshal马歇尔Jeffery杰弗瑞Martin马丁Jerome 杰罗姆Marvin马文Jerry杰瑞 ?(Gerald,Jeremiah,Jerome的昵Mason 梅森称 )Matthew马修Jesse杰西Max 马克斯Jim 吉姆 ?(James 的昵称 )Michael迈克尔Mickey米奇Mike 麦克Nathan 纳撒尼尔NathanielNeil尼尔Nelson尼尔森Nicholas尼古拉斯Nick尼克Noah 诺亚Norman 诺曼10、字母O、 P、 Q开头的男生英文名：Oliver奥利弗Oscar 奥斯卡Owen 欧文Patrick 帕特里克/ 派翠克Paul 保罗Peter彼得Philip菲利普Phoebe 菲比Quentin昆廷11、字母 R开头的男生英文名：Randall 兰德尔 ( 同 Randal)Randolph 伦道夫Randy 兰迪 ?(Randall,Randolph的昵称) Ray 雷RaymondReed 列得Rex 雷克斯Richard理查德Richie 里奇 ?( 同 Rick,Ricky,Ritchie.)Riley 赖利/瑞利Robert罗伯特Robin 罗宾 ?(Robert,Robinson的昵称) Robinson罗宾逊/鲁宾逊Rock 洛克Roger 罗杰Ronald 罗纳德Rowan 罗文Roy 罗伊Ryan 赖安12、字母S开头的男生英文名字：Sam萨姆 / 山姆 ?(Samson,Samuel的昵称) Sammy萨米 ?(Samson,Samuel的昵称) Samuel 塞缪尔Scott斯考特Sean 肖恩 ?(John的爱尔兰形式)Shawn 肖恩 ?( 同 Sean)Sidney西德尼Simon 西蒙Solomon 所罗门Spark 斯帕克Spencer斯宾塞Spike斯派克Stanley斯坦利Steve史蒂夫Steven 史蒂文 ?( 同 Stephen)Stewart 斯图尔特 Stuart 斯图亚特13、字母 T 开头的男生英文名字：Terence特伦斯Terry特里?(Terence的昵称)Ted 泰德Thomas 托马斯Tim 提姆Timothy蒂莫西Todd 托德Tommy汤米 ?(Thomas 的昵称 )Tom 汤姆 ?(Thomas 的昵称 )Thomas 托马斯Tony 托尼 ?(Anthony的昵称)Tyler泰勒14、字母 U、V、W、X、Y、Z 开头的男英文名：Ultraman奥特曼Ulysses尤利塞斯Van 范Vern 弗恩 ?(Vernon的昵称)Vernon 弗农Victor维克多Vincent文森特Warner 华纳Warren 沃伦Wayne 韦恩Wesley 卫斯理William威廉Willy 威利/维利Zack 扎克Zachary圣扎迦利【常有女英文名一览】1、字母 A开头的女英文名：Abigail阿比盖尔Abby 艾比 ?(Abigail的简写)Ada 艾达 ?(Adelaide的简写)Adelaide阿德莱德Adeline艾德琳Alexandra亚历桑德拉Ailsa艾丽莎Aimee 艾米Alexis亚历克西斯Alice爱丽丝Alicia艾丽西娅Alina艾琳娜Allison艾莉森Alyssa 艾莉莎 / 爱丽丝娅Amanda 阿曼达Amy艾美Amber 安伯Anastasia 阿纳斯塔西娅 ?( 昵称 Stacey) Andrea 安德莉亚Angel安琪Angela安吉拉Angelia安吉莉亚Angelina安吉莉娜Ann 安 ?(Hannah 的英文形式 )Anna 安娜Anne 安妮 ?( 同 Ann)Annie安妮?(Ann的昵称)Anita 安尼塔 ?(Ann 的西班牙写法 ) Ariel艾莉尔April阿普里尔Ashley艾许莉/阿什利/艾希礼Audrey 欧蕊Aviva阿维娃?(同Avivahc和Avivi) 2、字母 B开头的女英文名：Barbara笆笆拉Barbie芭比Beata 贝亚特Beatrice 比阿特丽斯 ?( 同 Beatrix) Becky 贝基 ?(Rebecca的昵称)Bella 贝拉 ?(Isabella?的昵称)Bess 贝斯Bette贝蒂Betty 贝蒂 ?(Elizabeth的昵称) Blanche布兰奇Bonnie邦妮Brenda 布伦达 ?(Brandon及Brendan的女性形式 )Brianna布莱安娜Britney布兰妮Brittany布列塔尼3、字母 C开头的女性英文名：Camille卡米尔Candice莰蒂丝Candy 坎蒂Carina卡瑞娜Carmen 卡门Carol凯罗尔Caroline卡罗琳Carry凯丽Carrie 凯莉 ?(Carol及Caroline的昵称,同Kerry)Cassandra卡桑德拉Cassie凯西?(Catherine,Cassandra的昵称 )Catherine 凯瑟琳 ?(Katherine的英文形式,同 Katherine)Cathy 凯茜 ?(Catherine的昵称,同Kathy) Chelsea切尔西Charlene 沙琳 ?( 同 Caroline,Charlotte)Charlotte夏洛特Cherry切莉Cheryl 雪莉尔 ?(Charlotte的另一形式,亦同 Sheryl)Chloe 克洛伊Chris 克莉丝 ?(Christine,Kristine的简写,同 Kris)Christina克里斯蒂娜 ?( 同 Christine) Christine克里斯汀Christy克里斯蒂 ?(Christine的简写)Cindy 辛迪 ?(Cinderella,Cynthia,Lucinda的昵称)Claire/Clair克莱尔Claudia克劳迪娅Clement克莱门特Cloris克劳瑞丝Connie康妮 ?(Constance 的昵称 )Constance康斯坦斯Cora 科拉Corrine科瑞恩Crystal科瑞斯特尔 ?( 同 Krystal)4、字母 D、E 开头的女性英文名：Daisy戴茜Daphne 达芙妮Darcy 达茜Dave 戴夫 (David?的昵称)Debbie 黛比 ?(Deborah,Debra的昵称) Deborah 黛博拉Debra 黛布拉Demi 黛米Diana 黛安娜Dolores德洛丽丝Donna 堂娜Dora 多拉Doris桃瑞丝Edith伊迪丝Editha伊迪萨Elaine伊莱恩Eleanor埃莉诺Elizabeth伊丽莎白Ella埃拉Ellen爱伦Ellie艾莉 ?(Eleanor,?Ellen的昵称) Emerald 艾米瑞达Emily艾米丽Emma艾玛Enid伊妮德Elsa埃尔莎 ?(Elizabeth的昵称)Erica埃莉卡 ?(Eric的女性形式) Estelle爱斯特尔Esther爱丝特Eudora 尤杜拉Eva 伊娃Eve 伊芙Evelyn伊夫林5、字母 F、G开头的女性英文名字：Fannie芬妮?(同Frances,Fanny)Fay 费怡Fiona菲奥纳Flora福罗拉Florence弗罗伦丝Frances弗郎西丝 ?(Francis的女性形式 ) Frederica弗雷德里卡Frieda弗里达FltaGina 吉娜 ?(Angelina,Regina的昵称) Gillian吉莉安 ?(Juliana的异体)Gladys格拉蒂丝 ?(Claudia的威尔斯形式) Gloria格罗瑞娅Grace格瑞丝Grace 格瑞丝Greta格瑞塔?(Margaret的昵称) Gwendolyn 格温多琳6、字母 H、I 开头的女性英文名字：Hannah 汉娜Haley海莉Hebe 赫柏Helena海伦娜Hellen海伦 ?( 亦作 :Helen)Henna 汉纳Heidi海蒂 ?(Adalheid,?Adelaide的昵称) Hillary希拉里/希拉蕊/希拉莉Ingrid英格丽德Isabella 伊莎贝拉Ishara爱沙拉Irene艾琳Iris艾丽丝Ivy艾维7、字母J开头的女英文名字：Jacqueline杰奎琳Jade 小玉Jamie 詹米 ?(James 的女性形式 )Jane 简 ?(John的女性名词)Janet珍妮特?(同Jane)Jasmine贾斯敏Jean 姬恩 ?(Jane的苏格兰形式)Jenna 珍娜Jennifer詹妮弗Jenny 詹妮 ?( 同 Jennie;Jane,Jennifer的昵称 )Jessica 杰西卡 ?(Jessee的女子形式) Jessie 杰西 ?(Jasmine,?Jessica的昵称 ;?Janet 的苏格兰形式 )Jill姬尔 ?(Gillian的昵称)Joan琼 ?( 同 Jane;John 的女性形式 )Joanna乔安娜Jocelyn乔斯林Joliet乔莉埃特Josephine 约瑟芬Josie乔茜 ( 同 Josephine)Joy 乔伊Joyce乔伊斯 ?(Josephine 的昵称 )Judith朱迪丝Judy朱蒂 ?(Judith的昵称)Julia朱莉娅Juliana朱莉安娜Mandy 曼迪 ?(Amanda,Manda,Melinda的昵Julie朱莉称 )June 朱恩Margaret 玛格丽特Mariah玛丽亚 ?( 同 Mary)Marilyn玛里琳/玛丽莲/玛丽琳8、字母 K、L 开头的女英文名字：Martha玛莎Karen凯琳 ?(Katherine的丹麦形式 )Mavis 梅维丝Karida卡瑞达Mary 玛丽Katherine凯瑟琳 ?( 同 Catherine)Matilda玛蒂尔达Kate凯特 ?(Katherine的昵称)Maureen 莫琳Kathy凯西 ?(Katherine,Katherleen的昵称 ;Mavis 梅维丝同 Cathy,?Kathie)Maxine玛克辛Katie/Kate/Katy卡蒂May 梅Katrina卡特里娜Mayme梅米Kay 凯 ?(Katherine的昵称 ; 同 Kaye)Megan 梅甘Kayla凯拉Melinda梅琳达Kelly凯莉Melissa梅利莎Kelsey凯尔西Melody美洛蒂Kimberly特里娜Mercedes 默西迪丝Kitty基蒂 ?(Catherine的昵称)Meredith梅瑞狄斯Lareina莱瑞拉Mia 米娅Lassie蕾西Michelle米歇尔 ?(Michael 的女性形式 ) Laura劳拉 ?(Lawrence的女性形式 )Milly米莉 ?(Camille,Emily,Melissa的简Lauren罗兰/劳伦称 )Lena 莉娜 ?(Helena的昵称)Miranda米兰达Lydia莉迪娅Miriam米里亚姆Lillian莉莲 ?( 亦作 lilian)Miya米娅Lily莉莉Molly茉莉Linda琳达Monica莫尼卡lindsay琳赛Morgan摩尔根 / 摩根Lisa丽莎 ?(Elizabeth的又名)Liz莉兹 ?(Elizabeth的昵称)Lora/Laura洛拉10、字母 N、O开头的女生英文名：Lorraine罗琳Nancy 南茜 ?(Nan 的又名 )Louisa路易莎Natalie娜塔莉Louise路易丝Natasha娜塔莎 ?( 亦作 natascha))Lucia露西娅Nicole妮可Lucy 露茜Nikita尼基塔Lucine露西妮Nina尼娜 ?(Anna 的昵称 )Lulu露露 ?(Louise,Louisa的昵称 )Nora娜拉/诺拉Lydia 莉迪娅 / 莉蒂亚Norma 诺玛Lynn 林恩Nydia尼迪亚Octavia奥克塔维亚Olina奥琳娜9、字母 M开头的女英文名字：Olivia奥利维亚Mabel梅布尔/玛佩尔Ophelia奥菲莉娅Madeline马德琳Oprah 奥帕 ?( 同 Opera,Opie)Maggie玛姬 ?(Margaret的昵称)Mamie 玛米 ?(Margaret,?Mary?的昵称)Manda 曼达11、字母 P、Q、R开头的女生英文名：Pamela 帕梅拉Patricia帕特丽夏Patty芭迪 ?(Mathilda,Matilda,Martha?的昵称 )Paula保拉Pauline波琳 ?( 同 Paula)Pearl珀尔Peggy 帕姬 ?(Margaret的昵称)Philomena菲洛米娜Phoebe 菲比Phyllis菲丽丝Polly波莉Priscilla普里西拉Quentina昆蒂娜 ?(Quentin 的女性形式 ) Rachel雷切尔Rebecca 丽贝卡Regina瑞加娜Rita 丽塔 ?(Margaret的昵称)Rose 罗丝Roxanne 洛克萨妮Ruth 露丝11、字母S开头的女生英文名字：Sabrina萨布丽娜Sally萨莉Sandra 桑德拉 ?(Alexandra的昵称) Samantha 萨曼莎Sami 萨米Sandra 桑德拉Sandy 桑迪 ?(Andra的昵称)Sarah/Sara莎拉Savannah 萨瓦纳 / 萨瓦娜Scarlett斯佳人/ 斯嘉丽Selma 塞尔玛Selina塞琳娜Serena 塞丽娜Sharon 莎伦 ?( 同 Sarah)Sheila希拉Shelley/Shelly雪莉?( 同Sheila,Shelby,Shirley)Sherry雪丽?(同Charlotte,Cher,Sarah,Shirley)Shirley雪莉Sierra斯莱瑞Silvia西尔维亚Sonia索尼亚Sophia索菲娅Stacy丝塔茜?(Anastasia的昵称)Stella 丝特拉 ?(Estelle的昵称)Stephanie斯蒂芬妮Sue 苏 ?(Susan的昵称)Sunny 萨妮 ?(Sonia的昵称)Susan 苏珊12、字母 T、U、V开头的女生英文名字：Tamara 塔玛拉Tammy苔米 ?(Tamara的昵称)Tanya/ 谭雅坦尼娅 ?(Tatiana的昵称) Tasha 塔莎Teresa特莉萨Tess 苔丝 ?(Tessa,Teresa的昵称) Tiffany蒂凡妮Tina蒂娜Tonya 棠雅 / 东妮亚 ?Tracy特蕾西Ursula厄休拉Vanessa 温妮莎Venus 维纳斯Vera 维拉Vicky维姬?(Victoria的昵称)Victoria维多利亚Violet维尔莉特Virginia维吉妮亚Vita维达Vivian薇薇安13、字母 W、 X、 Y、 Z 开头的女英文名：Wanda 旺达Wendy 温蒂 ?(Gwendolyn,Wanda的昵称) Whitney惠特尼Wynne 韦恩Winnie温妮Yolanda尤兰达Yvette 伊薇特 ?( 同 Yvonne)Yvonne 伊温妮Zara 莎拉Zelda塞尔达Zoey/Zoe佐伊Zora 卓拉。
The road to success-Andrew Carnegie
Andrew Carnegie,"THE ROAD TO BUSINESS SUCCESS: A TALK TO YOUNG MEN"From an address to Students of the Curry Commercial College, Pittsburg, June 23, 1885.1It is well that young men should begin at the beginning and occupy the most subordinate positions. Many of the leading business men of Pittsburg had a serious responsibility thrust upon them at the very threshold of their career. They were introduced to the broom, and spent the first hours of their business lives sweeping out the office. I notice we have janitors and janitresses now in offices, and our young men unfortunately miss that salutary branch of a business education. But if by chance the professional sweeper is absent any morning the boy who has the genius of the future partner in him will not hesitate to try his hand at the broom. The other day a fond fashionable mother in Michigan asked a young man whether he had ever seen a young lady sweep in a room so grandly as her Priscilla. He said no, he never had, and the mother was gratified beyond measure, but then said he, after a pause, "What I should like to see her do is sweep out a room." It does not hurt the newest comer to sweep out the office if necessary. I was one of those sweepers myself,and who do you suppose were my fellow sweepers? David McCargo, now superintendent of the Alleghany Valley Railroad; Robert Pitcairn, Superintendent of the Pennsylvania Railroad, and Mr. Moreland, City Attorney. We all took turns, two each morning did the sweeping; and now I remember Davie was so proud of his clean white shirt bosom that he used to spread over it an old silk bandana handkerchief which he kept for the purpose, and we other boys thought he was putting on airs. So he was. None of us had a silk handkerchief.2Assuming that you have all obtained employment and are fairly started, my advice to you is "aim high." I would not give a fig for the young man who does not already see himself the partner or the head of an important firm. Do not rest content for a moment in your thoughts as head clerk, or foreman, or general manager in any concern, no matter how extensive. Say each to yourself. "My place is at the top." Be king in your dreams.Make your vow that you will reach that position, with untarnished reputation, and make no other vow to distract your attention, except the very commendable one that when you are a member of the firm or before that, if you have been promoted two or three times, you will form another partnership with the loveliest of her sex--a partnership to which our new partnership act has no application. The liability there is never limited.3Let me indicate two or three conditions essential to success. Do not be afraid that I am going to moralize, or inflict a homily upon you. I speak upon the subject only from the view of a man of the world, desirous of aiding you to become successful business men. You all know that there is no genuine, praiseworthy success in life if you are not honest, truthful, fair-dealing. I assume you are and will remain all these, and also that you are determined to live pure, respectable lives, free from pernicious or equivocalassociations with one sex or the other. There is no creditable future for you else. Otherwise your learning and your advantages not only go for naught, but serve to accentuate your failure and your disgrace. I hope you will not take it amiss if I warn you against three of the gravest dangers which will beset you in your upward path.4The first and most seductive, and the destroyer of most young men, is the drinking of liquor. I am no temperance lecturer in disguise, but a man who knows and tells you what observation has proved to him, and I say to you that you are more likely to fail in your career from acquiring the habit of drinking liquor than from any, or all, the other temptations likely to assail you. You may yield to almost any other temptation and reform--may brace up, and if not recover lost ground, at least remain in the race and secure and maintain a respectable position. But from the insane thirst for liquor escape is almost impossible. I have known but few exceptions to this rule. First, then, you must not drink liquor to excess. Better if you do not touch it at all--much better; but if this be too hard a rule for you then take your stand firmly here. Resolve never to touch it except at meals. A glass at dinner will not hinder your advance in life or lower your tone; but I implore you hold it inconsistent with the dignity and self-respect of gentlemen, with what is due from yourselves to yourselves, being the men you are, and especially the men you are determined to become, to drink a glass of liquor at a bar. Be far too much of the gentleman ever to enter a barroom. You do not pursue your careers in safety unless you stand firmly upon this ground. Adhere to it and you have escaped danger from the deadliest of your foes.5The next greatest danger to a young business man in this community I believe to be that of speculation. When I was a telegraph operator here we had no Exchanges in the City, but the men or firms who speculated upon the Eastern Exchanges were necessarily known to the operators. They could be counted on the fingers of one hand. These men were not our citizens of first repute: they were regarded with suspicion. I have lived to see all of these speculators irreparably ruined men, bankrupt in money and bankrupt in character. There is scarcely an instance of a man who has made a fortune by speculation and kept it. Gamesters die poor, and there is certainly not an instance of a speculator who has lived a life creditable to himself, or advantageous to the community. The man who grasps the morning paper to see first how his speculative ventures upon the Exchanges are likely to result, unfits himself for the calm consideration and proper solution of business problems, with which he has to deal later in the day, and saps the sources of that persistent and concentrated energy upon which depend the permanent success, and often the very safety, of his main business.6The speculator and the business man tread diverging lines. The former depends upon the sudden turn of fortune's wheel; he is a millionnaire to-day, a bankrupt to-morrow. But the man of business knows that only by years of patient, unremitting attention to affairs can he earn his reward, which is the result, not of chance, but of well-devised means for the attainment of ends. During all these years his is the cheering thoughtthat, by no possibility can he benefit himself without carrying prosperity to others. The speculator on the other hand had better never have lived so far as the good of others or the good of the community is concerned. Hundreds of young men were tempted in this city not long since to gamble in oil, and many were ruined; all were injured whether they lost or won. You may be, nay, you are certain to be similarly tempted; but when so tempted I hope you will remember this advice. Say to the tempter who asks you to risk your small savings, that if ever you decide to speculate you are determined to go to a regular and well-conducted house where they cheat fair. You can get fair play and about an equal chance upon the red and black in such a place; upon the Exchange you have neither. You might as well try your luck with the three-card-monte man. There is another point involved in speculation. Nothing is more essential to young business men than untarnished credit, credit begotten of confidence in their prudence, principles and stability of character. Well, believe me, nothing kills credit sooner in any Bank Board than the knowledge that either firms or men engage in speculation. It matters not a whit whether gains or losses be the temporary result of these operations. The moment a man is known to speculate, his credit is impaired, and soon thereafter it is gone. How can a man be credited whose resources may be swept away in one hour by a panic among gamesters? Who can tell how he stands among them? except that this is certain: he has given due notice that he may stand to lose all, so that those who credit him have themselves to blame. Resolve to be business men, but speculators never.7The third and last danger against which I shall warn you is one which has wrecked many a fair craft which started well and gave promise of a prosperous voyage. It is the perilous habit of indorsing--all the more dangerous, inasmuch as it assails one generally in the garb of friendship. It appeals to your generous instincts, and you say, "How can I refuse to lend my name only, to assist a friend?" It is because there is so much that is true and commendable in that view that the practice is so dangerous. Let me endeavor to put you upon safe honourable grounds in regard to it. I would say to you to make it a rule now, never indorse: but this is too much like never taste wine, or never smoke, or any other of the "nevers." They generally result in exceptions. You will as business men now and then probably become security for friends. Now, here is the line at which regard for the success of friends should cease and regard for your own honour begins.8If you owe anything, all your capital and all your effects are a solemn trust in your hands to be held inviolate for the security of those who have trusted you. Nothing can be done by you with honour which jeopardizes these first claims upon you. When a man in debt indorses for another, it is not his own credit or his own capital he risks, it is that of his own creditors. He violates a trust. Mark you then, never indorse until you have cash means not required for your own debts, and never indorse beyond those means. Before you indorse at all, consider indorsements as gifts, and ask yourselves whether you wish to make the gift to your friend and whether the money is really yours to give and not a trust for your creditors.9You are not safe, gentlemen, unless you stand firmly upon this as the only ground which an honest business man can occupy.10I beseech you avoid liquor, speculation and indorsement. Do not fail in either, for liquor and speculation are the Scylla and Charybdis of the young man's business sea, and indorsement his rock ahead.11Assuming you are safe in regard to these your gravest dangers, the question now is how to rise from the subordinate position we have imagined you in, through the successive grades to the position for which you are, in my opinion, and, I trust, in your own, evidently intended. I can give you the secret. It lies mainly in this. Instead of the question, "What must I do for my employer?" substitute "What can I do?" Faithful and conscientious discharge of the duties assigned you is all very well, but the verdict in such cases generally is that you perform your present duties so well that you had better continue performing them. Now, young gentlemen, this will not do. It will not do for the coming partners. There must be something beyond this. We make Clerks, Bookkeepers, Treasurers, Bank Tellers of this class, and there they remain to the end of the chapter. The rising man must do something exceptional, and beyond the range of his special department. HE MUST ATTRACT ATTENTION. A shipping clerk, he may do so by discovering in an invoice an error with which he has nothing to do, and which has escaped the attention of the proper party. If a weighing clerk, he may save for the firm by doubting the adjustment of the scales and having them corrected, even if this be the province of the master mechanic. If a messenger boy, even he can lay the seed of promotion by going beyond the letter of his instructions in order to secure the desired reply. There is no service so low and simple, neither any so high, in which the young man of ability and willing disposition cannot readily and almost daily prove himself capable of greater trust and usefulness, and, what is equally important, show his invincible determination to rise.12Some day, in your own department, you will be directed to do or say something which you know will prove disadvantageous to the interest of the firm. Here is your chance. Stand up like a man and say so. Say it boldly, and give your reasons, and thus prove to your employer that, while his thoughts have been engaged upon other matters, you have been studying during hours when perhaps he thought you asleep, how to advance his interests. You may be right or you may be wrong, but in either case you have gained the first condition of success. You have attracted attention. Your employer has found that he has not a mere hireling in his service, but a man; not one who is content to give so many hours of work for so many dollars in return, but one who devotes his spare hours and constant thoughts to the business. Such an employee must perforce be thought of, and thought of kindly and well. It will not be long before his advice is asked in his special branch, and if the advice given be sound, it will soon be asked and taken upon questions of broader bearing. This means partnership; if not with presentemployers then with others. Your foot, in such a case, is upon the ladder; the amount of climbing done depends entirely upon yourself.13One false axiom you will often hear, which I wish to guard you against: "Obey orders if you break owners." Don't you do it. This is no rule for you to follow. Always break orders to save owners. There never was a great character who did not sometimes smash the routine regulations and make new ones for himself. The rule is only suitable for such as have no aspirations, and you have not forgotten that you are destined to be owners and to make orders and break orders. Do not hesitate to do it whenever you are sure the interests of your employer will be thereby promoted and when you are so sure of the result that you are willing to take the responsibility. You will never be a partner unless you know the business of your department far better than the owners possibly can. When called to account for your independent action, show him the result of your genius, and tell him that you knew that it would be so; show him how mistaken the orders were. Boss your boss just as soon as you can; try it on early. There is nothing he will like so well if he is the right kind of boss; if he is not, he is not the man for you to remain with--leave him whenever you can, even at a present sacrifice, and find one capable of discerning genius. Our young partners in the Carnegie firm have won their spurs by showing that we did not know half as well what was wanted as they did. Some of them have acted upon occasion with me as if they owned the firm and I was but some airy New Yorker presuming to advise upon what I knew very little about. Well, they are not interfered with much now. They were the true bosses--the very men we were looking for.14There is one sure mark of the coming partner, the future millionnaire; his revenues always exceed his expenditures. He begins to save early, almost as soon as he begins to earn. No matter how little it may be possible to save, save that little. Invest it securely, not necessarily in bonds, but in anything which you have good reason to believe will be profitable, but no gambling with it, remember. A rare chance will soon present itself for investment. The little you have saved will prove the basis for an amount of credit utterly surprising to you. Capitalists trust the saving young man. For every hundred dollars you can produce as the result of hard-won savings, Midas, in search of a partner, will lend or credit a thousand; for every thousand, fifty thousand. It is not capital that your seniors require, it is the man who has proved that he has the business habits which create capital, and to create it in the best of all possible ways, as far as self-discipline is concerned, is, by adjusting his habits to his means. Gentlemen, it is the first hundred dollars saved which tells. Begin at once to lay up something. The bee predominates in the future millionnaire.15Of course there are better, higher aims than saving. As an end, the acquisition of wealth is ignoble in the extreme; I assume that you save and long for wealth only as a means of enabling you the better to do some good in your day and generation. Make a note of this essential rule: Expenditure always within income.16You may grow impatient, or become discouraged when year by year you float on in subordinate positions. There is no doubt that it is becoming harder and harder as business gravitates more and more to immense concerns, for a young man without capital to get a start for himself, and in this city especially, where large capital is essential, it is unusually difficult. Still, let me tell you for your encouragement, that there is no country in the world, where able and energetic young men can so readily rise as this, nor any city where there is more room at the top. It has been impossible to meet the demand for capable, first-class bookkeepers (mark the adjectives) the supply has never been equal to the demand. Young men give all kinds of reasons why in their cases failure was clearly attributable to exceptional circumstances which render success impossible. Some never had a chance, according to their own story. This is simply nonsense. No young man ever lived who had not a chance, and a splendid chance, too, if he ever was employed at all. He is assayed in the mind of his immediate superior, from the day he begins work, and, after a time, if he has merit, he is assayed in the council chamber of the firm. His ability, honesty, habits, associations, temper, disposition, all these are weighed and analysed. The young man who never had a chance is the same young man who has been canvassed over and over again by his superiors, and found destitute of necessary qualifications, or is deemed unworthy of closer relations with the firm, owing to some objectionable act, habit, or association, of which he thought his employers ignorant.17Another class of young men attribute their failure to employers having relations or favourites whom they advanced unfairly. They also insist that their employers disliked brighter intelligences than their own, and were disposed to discourage aspiring genius, and delighted in keeping young men down. There is nothing in this. On the contrary, there is no one suffering so much for lack of the right man in the right place, nor so anxious to find him as the owner. There is not a firm in Pittsburg to-day which is not in the constant search for business ability, and every one of them will tell you that there is no article in the market at all times so scarce. There is always a boom in brains, cultivate that crop, for if you grow any amount of that commodity, here is your best market and you cannot overstock it, and the more brains you have to sell, the higher price you can exact. They are not quite so sure a crop as wild oats, which never fail to produce a bountiful harvest, but they have the advantage over these in always finding a market. Do not hesitate to engage in any legitimate business, for there is no business in America, I do not care what, which will not yield a fair profit if it receive the unremitting, exclusive attention, and all the capital of capable and industrious men. Every business will have its season of depression--years always come during which the manufacturers and merchants of the city are severely tried--years when mills must be run, not for profit, but at a loss, that the organization and men may be kept together and employed, and the concern may keep its products in the market. But on the other hand, every legitimate business producing or dealing in an article which man requires is bound in time to be fairly profitable, if properly conducted.18And here is the prime condition of success, the great secret: concentrate your energy, thought, and capital exclusively upon the business in which you are engaged. Having begun in one line, resolve to fight it out on that line, to lead in it; adopt every improvement, have the best machinery, and know the most about it.19The concerns which fail are those which have scattered their capital, which means that they have scattered their brains also. They have investments in this, or that, or the other, here, there and everywhere. "Don't put all your eggs in one basket" is all wrong.I tell you "put all your eggs in one basket, and then watch that basket." Look round you and take notice; men who do that do not often fail. It is easy to watch and carry the one basket. It is trying to carry too many baskets that breaks most eggs in this country. He who carries three baskets must put one on his head, which is apt to tumble and trip him up. One fault of the American business man is lack of concentration.20To summarize what I have said: Aim for the highest; never enter a bar-room; do not touch liquor, or if at all only at meals; never speculate; never indorse beyond your surplus cash fund; make the firm's interest yours; break orders always to save owners; concentrate; put all your eggs in one basket, and watch that basket; expenditure always within revenue; lastly, be not impatient, for, as Emerson says, "no one can cheat you out of ultimate success but yourselves."I congratulate poor young men upon being born to that ancient and honourable degree which renders it necessary that they should devote themselves to hard work. A basketful of bonds is the heaviest basket a young man ever had to carry. He generally gets to staggering under it. We have in this city creditable instances of such young men, who have pressed to the front rank of our best and most useful citizens. These deserve great credit. But the vast majority of the sons of rich men are unable to resist the temptations to which wealth subjects them, and sink to unworthy lives. I would almost as soon leave a young man a curse, as burden him with the almighty dollar. It is not from this class you have rivalry to fear. The partner's sons will not trouble you much, but look out that some boys poorer, much poorer than yourselves, whose parents cannot afford to give them the advantages of a course in this institute, advantages which should give you a decided lead in the race--look out that such boys do not challenge you at the post and pass you at the grand stand. Look out for the boy who has to plunge into work direct from the common school and who begins by sweeping out the office. He is the probable dark horse that you had better watch.An Inspirational Story, Motivational Story -Not "Just a Mom"By Author Unknown, thanks to Claire for submitting!A woman named Emily renewing her driver's license at the County Clerk's office was asked by the woman recorder to state her occupation. She hesitated, uncertain how to classify herself."What I mean is," explained the recorder, "do you have a job, or are you just a..."Of course I have a job," snapped Emily. "I'm a mother.""We don't list 'mother' as an occupation... 'housewife' covers it," said the recorder emphatically.I forgot all about her story until one day I found myself in the same situation, this time at our own Town Hall. The Clerk was obviously a career woman, poised, efficient, and possessed of a high sounding title like, "Official Interrogator" or "Town Registrar." "What is your occupation?" she probed.What made me say it, I do not know... The words simply popped out. "I'm a Research Associate in the field of Child Development and Human Relations."The clerk paused, ballpoint pen frozen in midair, and looked up as though she had not heard right.I repeated the title slowly, emphasizing the most significant words. Then I stared with wonder as my pronouncement was written in bold, black ink on the official questionnaire."Might I ask," said the clerk with new interest, "just what you do in your field?"Coolly, without any trace of fluster in my voice, I heard myself reply, "I have a continuing program of research, (what mother doesn't), in the laboratory and in the field, (normally I would have said indoors and out). I'm working for my Masters, (the whole darned family), and already have four credits, (all daughters). Of course, the job is one of the most demanding in the humanities, (any mother care to disagree?) and I often work 14 hours a day, (24 is more like it). But the job is more challenging than most run-of-the-mill careers and the rewards are more of a satisfaction rather than just money."There was an increasing note of respect in the clerk's voice as she completed the form, stood up, and personally ushered me to the door.As I drove into our driveway, buoyed up by my glamorous new career, I was greeted by my lab assistants - ages 13, 7, and 3. Upstairs I could hear our new experimental model, (a 6 month old baby), in the child-development program, testing out a new vocal pattern.I felt triumphant! I had scored a beat on bureaucracy! And I had gone on the official records as someone more distinguished and indispensable to mankind than "just another mother."Motherhood...What a glorious career! Especially when there's a title on the door.Does this make grandmothers "Senior Research Associates in the field of Child Development and Human Relations" and great grandmothers "Executive Senior Research Associates"? I think so!!!I also think it makes Aunts "Associate Research Assistants".The BuilderAn elderly carpenter was ready to retire. He told his employer-contractor of his plans to leave the house building business and live a more leisurely life with his wife enjoying his extended family. He would miss the paycheck, but he needed to retire. They could get by.The contractor was sorry to see his good worker go and asked if he could build just one more house as a personal favor. The carpenter said yes, but in time it was easy to see that his heart was not in his work. He resorted to shoddy workmanship and used inferior materials. It was an unfortunate way to end his career.When the carpenter finished his work and the builder came to inspect the house, the contractor handed the front-door key to the carpenter. "This is your house," he said, "my gift to you."What a shock! What a shame! If he had only known he was building his own house, he would have done it all so differently. Now he had to live in the home he had built none too well.So it is with us. We build our lives in a distracted way, reacting rather than acting, willing to put up less than the best. At important points we do not give the job our best effort. Then with a shock we look at the situation we have created and find that we are now living in the house we have built. If we had realized, we would have done it differently?Think of yourself as the carpenter. Think about your house. Each day you hammer a nail, place a board, or erect a wall. Your life today is the result of your attitudes and choices of yesterdays. Your life tomorrow will be the result of your attitudes and the choices you make today. Build wisely. It is the only life you will ever build.What You See Is What You GetThink a minute...You've heard the expression, "What you see is what you get." My grandfather used to say: "If you looked at a tree long enough, it will move." We see what we want to see. Psychologists tell us that nothing controls our lives more than our self-image. We live like the person we see in the mirror. We are what we think we are. If you don't think you'll be successful, you won't. You can't be it if you can't see it. Your life is limited to your vision. If you want to change your life, you must change your vision of your life.思考一分钟……你听过这样的说法：“你得到的是你看到的”。
商务英语阅读教案
本次课
重点难点
The study of the business terms
教学基本内容设计
Warm Up—definition oforganizationalculture
2.FIRST TO SAY IT: Predictions(What are they?)+ Biography
3.COUNTERINTUITIVE INSIGHTS
(“reporting cost”+outsourcing)
4.NEW AREA OF INQUIRY(nonprofit)
MoreFigures
辅助手段和时间分配
Multi-media
15minutes
20minutes
20minutes
20minutes
15 minutes
本次课小结、作业、预习等
Complete the post-reading exercisesand preview unit 5
第4次课
课时2学时
章节题目
Unit 5:Consumer Behavior
Term Study
1.Leadership
2.Theory X and Theory Y Assumptions
Outline and Questions
1.(Para.1-3)An interview withPeter F. Drucker(Who+When+Where?)
2.(The rest paragraphs.)Drucker’s thoughts on leadership(The key sentence in each point?)
安德鲁 卡内基(Andrew Carnegie)
安德鲁卡内基(Andrew Carnegie)安德鲁卡内基(Andrew Carnegie)安德鲁卡内基(Andrew Carnegie) america. his success resulted in part from his ability to sell the product and in part from his policy of expanding during periods of economic decline, when most of his competitors were reducing their investments.carnegie believed that individuals should progress through hard work, but he also felt strongly that the wealthy should use their fortunes for the benefit of society. he opposed charity, preferring instead to provide educational opportunities that would allow others to help themselves. he who dies rich, dies disgraced, he often said.among his more noteworthy contributions to society are those that bear hisname, including the carnegie institute of pittsburgh, which has a library, a museum of fine arts, and a museum of national history. he also founded a school of technology that is now part of carnegie-mellon university. otherphilanthropic gifts are the carnegie endowment for international peaceto promote understanding between nations, the carnegie institute ofwashington to fund scientificresearch, and carnegie hall to provide acenter for the arts.few americans have been left untouched by andrew carnegie's generosity. his contributions of more than five million dollars established 2,500 librariesin small communities throughout the country and formed the nucleus of thepublic library system that we all enjoy today.安德鲁?卡内基被称作钢铁大王的安德鲁?卡内基在美国建立了钢铁工业。
英语故事-Industrialist and Philanthropist Andrew Carnegie
英语故事Industrialist and PhilanthropistAndrew Carnegie美国“钢铁大王”安德鲁·卡内基的一生Industrialist and Philanthropist: Andrew CarnegieMany towns in the United States have a brick or stone building somewhere near the center of the town, with the name “Carnegie Library”over the door. Who is this Carnegie who seems to have been everywhere?Andrew Carnegie was not born an American. He was the elder of two sons of Will and Margaret Carnegie, owners of a small weaving business in Dunfermline, Scotland. The family lived in two little rooms above the shop, and Andrew was born there on November 25,1835. His mother worked in the shop for a few hours every day, spinning linen thread for the weavers to make into cloth. Will Carnegie did most of the weaving and the selling of the finished material.But when young Andrew was ten years old, his father hadto close the shop and sell his looms. A cloth factory had opened in the town; steam-powered machines made cloth ten times faster than any man could weave. The factory-made cloth was cheap, and the new machines ended the only way the Carnegie family could make a living. Will Carnegie could have worked in the mill that had ruined him. But instead he sold everything he had and took the money, his family, and his hopes to the United States.After a trip of six weeks across the Atlantic Ocean, they sailed into New York Harbor. It was June 1848.The Carnegies did not stay in New York. They wanted to reach some relatives in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, as soon as possible. Andrew was impressed by the large size of the United States, and yet he had seen only a small part of the new country. After three months of travel, they reached Pittsburgh.During their first years in America, life was very hard for the Carnegies, even though their relatives tried to help them. Will begin to weave cloth as he had done at home, but fewer people wanted handmade cloth in Pittsburgh even than in Dunfermline. Mrs.Carnegie helped the family by making shoes. Andrew, when he was only twelve years old, began to work as a bobbin boy in a cotton mill. He worked from six in the morninguntil six at night, putting thread on the bobbins that were used on weaving machines. He earned 20 cents a day, or $1.20 a week.Andrew was determined to become something better than a bobbin boy. He knew that he had to have money, but what he wanted more than money was the comfortable life for his parents that money could buy. He worked hard, and in a few months was given a new job at $1.65 a week. He was responsible for putting coal into the furnace that provided the steam power for the looms. Extra money was needed in the Carnegie home, but the work was hard and dangerous because the boiler might explode and kill him if he were not careful. His mother worried about him and wanted him to go to school like other boys. She knew that he had been a very good student in Scotland, particularly in arithmetic and handwriting.In those days the telegraph was a new invention; lines were being built all over the country. Businessmen had begun to send telegrams instead of letters. Boys were needed, then, to take messages from the central telegraph office of Pittsburgh to business houses in the city. Andrew Carnegie became a messenger boy for $2.50 a week. This was very good pay for a boy of fourteen, which had been able to go to schoolfor so short a time. Andrew worked hard, and soon he knew just where to find every business office in Pittsburgh. He was smaller than the other four messengers, but he was the fastest of all. Soon he was earning $3.00 a week.When he was not running around town with messages, Andrew listened to the clicking of the telegraph machine. He soon learned to understand the Morse code — the arrangement of long and short sounds that Morse, the inventor of the telegraph, had made to represent the letters of the alphabet. Sometimes Andrew would send messages to operators in other cities, just to see how fast he could move the telegraph key. Finally, he studied well enough to become a telegraph operator, earning $25 a month. He was then sixteen years old. Now his mother was content. He would meet educated people, and he would be able to buy books.Andrew loved to read. A generous citizen of Pittsburgh, Colonel Anderson, built a library for boys. Andrew borrowed books from this library, and later from Colonel Anderson himself. He wanted to learn all he could about American history, the telegraph, railroads, and the manufacture of iron.In 1853 he met Thomas Scott, a young superintendent of the Pennsylvania Railroad. Carnegie said that he thought therailroads should have their own telegraph lines to direct the movements of their trains so that they could change routes and directions quickly when storms or any other difficulties made this necessary. Mr. Scott became very interested in his ideas. The railroad acted on Carnegie’s suggestions and did build its own telegraph lines. Scott asked Andrew to operate the new telegraph and to be his assistant in the office. Andrew accepted. The pay was $35.00 a month and besides, it offered Andrew a wonderful opportunity to rise in the world.In 1861, the American Civil War began. Railroads and telegraph lines were important to both armies, and both sides often sent raiders on horseback to capture telegraph stations. Thomas Scott was made the chief of the North’s system of communication; his friend, Andrew Carnegie, worked with him. Carnegie was given the job of rebuilding destroyed railroad lines and telegraph poles leading to Washington. He was able to do this in a very short time. Later, he was given complete charge of all the North’s telegraph lines, and he kept at work until the fighting was over.Andrew was not able to go to school very much. He made up for his lack of education through energy, hard work, quickness and the courage to follow his own ideas. For example,he borrowed money and put it into the Woodruff Company, owners of the first patents for sleeping and dining cars on railroads. With the money he made from this investment, he bought land near Oil City, Pennsylvania, the first big oil field in the United States. Before almost anyone else knew it, he realized that wooden railroad bridges were old-fashioned. In 1862 he organized the Keystone Bridge Company to build the first iron bridge across the Ohio River.Now, Andrew was able to take a trip to Scotland. He enjoyed seeing the home of so many childhood memories, but he also noticed new methods of making iron and steel. In London, Carnegie visited Henry Bessemer. He went to the workshop and saw the new converter that Bessemer had made. This new, round kettle could heat iron and carbon together and make five tons of good steel at one time.Carnegie returned to the United States sure that steel could be used for many more things than knives, needles, and small parts of machinery. Why not make bridges, tracks for trains, and the foundations for buildings of steel? His partners in the iron business did not agree with him. They insisted that steel was too expensive to make, and was really no better than iron in any case. They did not want to change.Carnegie left them and joined a few men who were brave enough to put their money into something new. In 1873 he established the J. Edgar Thomas Steel Mill.The new mill was a success from the start. In 16 years more steel was made in the United States than in England, where it had been made so much earlier. In 1888 Andrew Carnegie bought a controlling interest in a company almost as large as his, and in seven other steel mills near Pittsburgh. He joined all these different companies into the Carnegie Corporation. This organization included mines, steel mills, ships, and railroad lines to bring materials into Pittsburgh from all over the country and to take the finished steel out again. The Carnegie Corporation owned everything needed to make and distribute steel.All during the 1890’s Andrew Carnegie had talked of retiring from business. He had written in a magazine that all men should leave their work when they became sixty years old. In 1895 Carnegie was sixty; everyone wondered whether or not he would give up his powerful position. He did. In 1901 his company, valued at five hundred million dollars, was sold to the United States Steel Corporation, formed by the famous American banker, John Pierpont Morgan. Mr. Morgan then saidthat Carnegie was “the richest man in the world.”He had come from $1.20 a week to this.Now, here was his real task. What should he do with his money? Carnegie spent almost all of the twenty years left to him giving his wealth away. He believed that those who became rich should return what they did not need to society. He had said that a rich man “dies disgraced”if he does not use the ability he has shown in gathering money to give away his money for the public good during his own lifetime.But what is the public good? Rich men receive hundreds of letters every day, asking for money. No man or organization can possibly give to everyone who demands it. Andrew Carnegie solved his problem with the same energy and exactness that he had shown in building his steel company. He remembered how much he had enjoyed the books he had read in Colonel Anderson’s library so long ago. He began to use his money to build free public libraries. In 1919 it was said that his money had built almost 3,000 libraries, valued altogether at over sixty million dollars. Most of these were in the United States, but some of them were in Canada, Great Britain, New Zealand, and even as far away as the Fuji Islands.A gift of four million dollars was made to Carnegie’shometown, Dunfermine, Scotland. It was used to build parks and playgrounds for the people of the town. Pittsburgh, where he had made his fortune, was given a music hall, a museum, an art gallery, and a public library.Andrew Carnegie’s public gifts, if we do not include personal charity and regular grants of money — mostly to old poets, scholars and writers of novels — amounted to almost three hundred and thirty million dollars. His most important single gift, one hundred and thirty-five million dollars, was made to the Carnegie Corporation of New York City, established in 1911 for the advancement and spread of knowledge. He also established the Carnegie Institution of Pittsburgh, the Carnegie Institution of Washington, D.C., the Carnegie Hero Fund, the Carnegie Foundation for the Advance-ment of Teaching, and the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace.When war began in Europe in 1914, Andrew Carnegie was extremely worried. He had been working on a plan called the league for Peace. This was an organization whose purpose was to arrange an agreement among the most powerful nations in the world with a World Court and an international police force to keep the peace. He gave one million, five hundred thousand dollars to the Peace Palace at The Hague in the Netherlands.This building had a wonderful library of books on international law. But his hopes for international peace were disappointed by the beginning of World War I in 1914. He gave his home, Skibo Castle in Scotland, to the British Government for use as an army hospital, and sailed for the United States, where he lived until his death on August 11, 1919.Andrew Carnegie received many honors during his life. He was Lord Rector of St Andrew’s University and Aberdeen University in Scotland. He was given honorary degrees by many colleges and universities and was an honorary citizen of fifty-four cities. He did not die as happy as he might have, however, because his dreams of bringing peace to the world had failed. But he had helped to establish the Permanent Court of Arbitration at The Hague in the Netherlands. From this beginning developed the League of Nations and the present United Nations.。
人教版英语八年级下册试题1-2单元测试卷
人教版英语八年级下册试题1-2单元测试卷八下1-2单元测试卷一、单项选择题（15分）1. ---Mom，I’m not feeling well. —Oh, dear! ________A.What’s wrong?B.Not at all.C.All right.D.Thank you!2. Students shouldn’t go to school_______ breakfast. It’s bad for their health.A. withB. withoutC. forD. by3. --How do you like Li Yundi?- A cool guy! His music _______ really beautiful.A. tastesB. soundsC. smellsD. looks4. You shouldn’t ________ your hope. Everythin g will be better.A.give upB.fix upC.cheer upD.put up6. Her mother is ill.She has to stay at home and ______ her mother.A.look atB.look forC.look afterD.look over7. Andrea Bocelli never________，which makes him a successful singer.A.takes awayB.gives awayC.gets upD.gives up8. Don’t _______ the people in trouble. Try to help them.A.hear fromB.go over/doc/228fc1b230126edb6f1aff00bed5 b9f3f80f7256.html ugh atD.look like9. —Why did you get up late this morning? —_________I stayed up late last night.A.BecauseB.SoC.Because ofD.But10. A lot of meeting were______ because of the dangerous disease.A.turned offB.set offC.put offD.taken off11. To our________, the little girl is the first to go to bed.A.surprisesB.surpriseC.surprisedD.surprising12. - -What did your sister do?—She _________the bus at the bus stop and went home.A.got toB.got upC.got downD.got off13_____ the teenager, the old man was sent to the hospital in time.A.Thanks forB.Because ofC.Thanks toD.Because14. Pollution is a serious problem. Scientists have _______ some good ways to save it./doc/228fc1b230126edb6f1aff00bed5 b9f3f80f7256.html e up with/doc/228fc1b230126edb6f1aff00bed5 b9f3f80f7256.html e on/doc/228fc1b230126edb6f1aff00bed5 b9f3f80f7256.html e out/doc/228fc1b230126edb6f1aff00bed5 b9f3f80f7256.html e up15. My father often cooks some delicious food _______for us at home.A.herselfB.ourselvesC.himselfD.yourselves二、完形填空（15分）A）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入相应空白处的最佳选项。
勤奋聚财富的英语作文
Diligence is a key to success and wealth accumulation.It is a wellknown fact that hard work and dedication often pave the way to prosperity.The following essay explores the importance of diligence in building wealth and achieving success.The Role of Diligence in Wealth AccumulationDiligence is the quality of persistently applying oneself to tasks and working hard to achieve goals.It is a trait that has been celebrated throughout history as a cornerstone of success.In the context of wealth accumulation,diligence manifests itself in various ways, such as:1.Consistent Effort:Diligent individuals are known for their unwavering commitment to their work.They understand that success does not come overnight and are willing to put in the hours necessary to achieve their financial goals.2.Continuous Learning:The diligent are always seeking to improve their skills and knowledge.They recognize that staying updated with the latest trends and technologies is crucial in the competitive world of business and finance.3.Risk Management:Diligence also involves making informed decisions and managing risks effectively.Those who are diligent take the time to analyze opportunities and potential pitfalls before making investments or business decisions.4.LongTerm Planning:Diligent people are not just focused on immediate gains.They plan for the future,setting longterm financial goals and developing strategies to achieve them.5.Discipline:A disciplined approach to work and finance is a hallmark of the diligent. They allocate their time and resources wisely,ensuring that every effort contributes to their overall wealth accumulation.Case Studies of Diligent Wealth AccumulationThere are numerous examples of individuals who have amassed wealth through sheer diligence.Consider the following:Andrew Carnegie:The ScottishAmerican industrialist who led the expansion of the American steel industry in the late19th century was known for his relentless work ethic and strategic business moves.Warren Buffett:The renowned investor and business tycoon attributes much of his success to his disciplined approach to investing and his commitment to learning from every financial decision he makes.Oprah Winfrey:Starting from humble beginnings,Winfreys media empire was built on her dedication to her craft and her continuous pursuit of excellence.Challenges and Overcoming ThemWhile diligence is a powerful tool for wealth accumulation,it is not without its challenges.The diligent face obstacles such as:Burnout:The pressure to constantly perform can lead to physical and mental exhaustion. It is crucial for the diligent to also practice selfcare and maintain a healthy worklife balance.Market Volatility:Economic fluctuations can impact even the most wellthoughtout financial plans.Diligent individuals must adapt and revise their strategies in response to changing circumstances.Technological Disruption:The rapid pace of technological change can disrupt traditional industries and business models.Staying ahead requires continuous learning and adaptation.ConclusionIn conclusion,diligence is a fundamental component of wealth accumulation.It requires a combination of hard work,continuous learning,strategic planning,and disciplined execution.While challenges are inevitable,the diligent approach provides a robust framework for navigating them and achieving longterm financial success.By embodying the spirit of diligence,individuals can transform their financial dreams into reality.。
安德鲁-卡内基(Andrew Carnegie)
安德鲁?卡内基(Andrew Carnegie)aeria his suess resulted in part fr his abilit t sell the prdutand in part fr his pli f expanding during perids f enideline, hen st f his petitrs ere reduing their investents arnegie believed that individuals shuld prgress thrugh hard r, but he als felt strngl that the ealth shuld use theirfrtunes fr the benefit f siet he ppsed harit, preferringinstead t prvide eduatinal pprtunities that uld allthers t help theselves he h dies rih, dies disgraed, heften saidang his re nterth ntributins t siet are thse that bear hisnae, inludingthe arnegie institute f pittsburgh, hih has a librar, a useu f fine arts, and a useu f natinal histr he als funded a shl ftehnlg that is n part f arnegie-elln universit therphilanthrpi gifts are the arnegie endent fr internatinal peaet prte understanding beteen natins, the arnegie institute f ashingtn t fund sientifi researh, and arnegie hall t prvide a enter fr the artsfe aerians have been le ft untuhed b andre arnegie’s genersit his ntributins f re than five illin dllars established 2,00 librariesin sall unities thrughut the untr and fred the nuleus f thepubli librar sste that e all en tda安德鲁•卡内基英语作文译文:被称作钢铁大王的安德鲁•卡内基在美国建立了钢铁工业。
卡内基管理名言
卡内基管理名言以下是一些著名的卡内基管理名言：1. "成功的秘诀是永不停止学习。
" - 安德鲁·卡内基(Andrew Carnegie)2. "成功的领导是通过协助他人实现目标来实现自己的目标。
" - 戈登·卡内基(Gordon Carnegie)3. "一个团队的力量在于每个人的差异性。
" - 戴尔·卡内基(Dale Carnegie)4. "管理者的责任是激发员工的潜力，并帮助他们取得成就。
" - 伊莱恩·卡内基(Elaine Carnegie)5. "成功的管理者会建立和谐的工作环境，鼓励员工积极参与，共同推动组织的发展。
" - 罗伯特·卡内基(Robert Carnegie)6. "优秀的领导者会以身作则，展示出诚实、正直和勇气，并赢得员工的尊重和信任。
" - 约翰·卡内基(John Carnegie)7. "管理的关键是有效的沟通，建立良好的人际关系，并建立强大的团队。
" - 约瑟夫·卡内基(Joseph Carnegie)8. "领导者应该拥有坚定的目标，并能够鼓舞其他人朝着这个目标努力。
" - 大卫·卡内基(David Carnegie)9. "卓越的管理者会不断提高自己的能力，接受挑战，并寻找创新的解决方法。
" - 莎拉·卡内基(Sarah Carnegie)10. "管理者应该具备善于倾听和理解员工的能力，以及发展他们的潜力。
" - 布雷特·卡内基(Brett Carnegie)这些名人名言强调了卡内基管理哲学中的一些重要原则，如持续学习、团队合作、有效沟通、领导力和个人发展等。
这些原则可以帮助管理者更好地实践卡内基的管理思想，并取得成功。
以足球俱乐部写一篇小短文英语作文
以足球俱乐部写一篇小短文英语作文全文共6篇示例，供读者参考篇1My Favorite Football ClubDo you like football? I really really love it! Football is the best sport ever. My favorite football club is Manchester United. They are the coolest team with the coolest players and the coolest colors - red and white. Aren't those awesome colors?Manchester United comes from Manchester, which is a city in England. England is a country and Manchester is a big city there. The players on the team are from all over the world though, like England, France, Portugal, and even Argentina!Some of the best players on Manchester United are Marcus Rashford, Bruno Fernandes, and Casemiro. Marcus Rashford is a forward which means he tries to score lots of goals. He's really fast and good at kicking the ball hard. Bruno Fernandes is the team captain, which means he is the leader. He's probably their best player overall. And Casemiro is a midfielder who is super strong and good at defending.Manchester United plays their home games at a huge stadium called Old Trafford. Old Trafford fits over 70,000 fans! That's like an entire city inside one stadium. The fans are incredibly loud and proud to support their team. They sing chants and wave big flags and banners all game long. I'd love to go see a game there one day.United has won so many trophies over the years. They've won 20 league titles, which is the most of any English team. A league title means you were the best club in the country that season. They've also won the Champions League, which is a tournament for the best clubs across Europe, three times. Plus lots of other cups and titles. They are one of the most successful and popular clubs in the world.My favorite United player of all-time is probably Wayne Rooney. He played for them from 2004 to 2017 and scored over 250 goals, which is the most in club history. Rooney was so much fun to watch because he would dribble past defenders with amazing skill and always gave 100% effort. He helped United win five league titles and the Champions League in 2008. What a legend!I became a United fan because of my older brother. He's been a diehard supporter since we were really little. EverySaturday we would watch their games together and yell at the TV. Well, he would yell and I would mostly just cheer whenever they scored! My brother has about 20 United jerseys and his bedroom is completely decked out in their gear. It's pretty crazy but I love it.One of my favorite memories was in 2016 when we went to visit my cousins in London. We actually got to go see United play live at their stadium! The atmosphere was absolutely bonkers. There were passionate fans everywhere cheering, singing, and holding up these massive banners. And the players looked like superheroes up close. We were simply in awe.I really hope I can take my future kids to Old Trafford one day, just like my brother introduced me to United. For now, I'll keep following their games on TV and playing as them on my video games. Maybe I'll even make it onto their youth team...a boy can dream right? Either way, Manchester United will always be my favorite football club. Glory Glory Man United!篇2My Favorite Football ClubHi there! My name is Tommy and I'm 10 years old. Today I want to tell you all about my favorite football club - ManchesterUnited! Get ready because I'm going to share a ton of cool facts and details about them.Manchester United is one of the biggest and most popular football clubs in the entire world. They are from the city of Manchester in England. Their home stadium is called Old Trafford and it holds over 75,000 fans! Can you imagine having that many people cheering you on during a game? It would be so loud with all the chanting and singing. Old Trafford has been their home ground since 1910 which is over 100 years ago!The club was founded way back in 1878 which makes them one of the oldest pro football teams ever. At first they were called Newton Heath LYR Football Club but then they changed the name to Manchester United in 1902. Their team colors are red and white and their logo has a fierce red devil on it. I think that's so cool looking!Manchester United plays in the Premier League which is the top division of English football. It's super competitive with lots of talented players from all around the world. United has won a record 20 league titles which is more than any other English club. They've also won the FA Cup 12 times, which is a huge knockout tournament in England. Plus they've lifted the UEFA ChampionsLeague trophy 3 times which is like the World Cup for European club teams.Some of the greatest players to ever wear the famous red jersey of Manchester United include George Best, Bobby Charlton, Eric Cantona, David Beckham, Cristiano Ronaldo, Wayne Rooney and so many more legends. George Best was an unbelievable dribbler and one of the first real superstars of the game. Bobby Charlton held the record for most United appearances for many years. The French striker Eric Cantona inspired the team's comeback to glory in the 1990s. David Beckham had the sweetest kicks and was an absolute heartthrob. Ronaldo and Rooney are two of the greatest goal scorers the Premier League has ever seen.My personal favorite current United player is Marcus Rashford. He's only 25 years old but already has over 100 goals for the club. Rashford is super talented but also does a ton of amazing charity work to help feed hungry kids. He's such a good role model both on and off the pitch. I really admire him and his story of rising from a humble upbringing to become a superstar at one of the world's biggest clubs.The team's most successful manager was Sir Alex Ferguson. He was in charge of United for over 25 years from 1986 to 2013.Under his guidance, the club won tons of trophies including 13 Premier League titles, 5 FA Cups, and 2 Champions Leagues. He's considered one of the greatest football managers of all time for what he accomplished at Old Trafford. Fergie had an incredible ability to build winning teams and get the absolute best out of his players through tough love and an unrelenting drive to succeed.One of the things that makes Manchester United so special is their massive worldwide fan base. They have over 1 billion supporters across the globe in places like Asia, Africa, North America and beyond. I think part of the reason so many people follow United is their fighting spirit and never-say-die attitude. The club has pulled off some incredible comebacks over the years that cemented their reputation as comeback kings.The most famous comeback was in 1999 when they won the Champions League final by scoring two last-minute goals to beat Bayern Munich 2-1. I've probably watched that game a hundred times! Trailing 1-0 in stoppage time, Teddy Sheringham equalized in the 91st minute and then Ole Gunnar Solskjær scored the winner two minutes later. Pandemonium broke loose at Camp Nou stadium as United fans celebrated one of the most unbelievable endings in football history. It was a night thatpersonified United's refusal to ever give up no matter the odds or scoreline.Apart from their success on the pitch, Manchester United is also one of the richest and most valuable sports franchises in the world. Their commercial power through sponsorship deals and global marketing is just enormous. You can find United merchandise being sold in just about every corner of the planet. Fans everywhere want to buy jerseys, scarves, hats and all kinds of other official club goods. Having that global reach lets United attract top talent as well as invest heavily in state-of-the-art facilities like their elite training ground.Well, that's a little overview of my beloved Manchester United in a nutshell. As you can see, they are a true football giants who combine a storied history and tradition of winning with commercial success and an unmatched global fan following. I'll forever bleed red in support of the mighty Manchester United! Glory, Glory Man United!篇3My Favorite Football ClubHi there! My name is Tommy and I'm 10 years old. Today I want to tell you all about my favorite football club - ManchesterUnited! Football is the best sport ever and Man United is the greatest team of all time. At least that's what I think!Manchester United was founded way back in 1878. That's a really, really long time ago! The club is from the city of Manchester in England. Their home stadium is called Old Trafford and it holds over 70,000 fans. Can you imagine having 70,000 people cheering you on? That would be so cool!The team's colors are red, white and black. Their jersey has red and white stripes. I have the latest Man United jersey and I wear it all the time, even to bed sometimes! Their logo has a devil on it which I think looks super cool. The devil's name is actually Fred the Red.Manchester United has won a bunch of major trophies over the years. They have won the Premier League title 20 times, which is more than any other English club. Winning the league means you're the best team in the whole country that season. How amazing is that?They have also won the FA Cup 12 times. The FA Cup is like the biggest knockout cup competition in England. It's really hard to win it. Manchester United has won so many!But get this - they have even won the Champions League, which is the biggest club competition in the entire world, 3 times! The Champions League has all the best teams from different countries in Europe. Winning it must feel like being a king.Some of the greatest players ever have played for Manchester United over the years. Back in the day there were legends like George Best, Bobby Charlton, Denis Law and Eric Cantona. More recently there were superstars like David Beckham, Cristiano Ronaldo, Wayne Rooney and Ryan Giggs.David Beckham could bend the ball like no one else. Cristiano Ronaldo scored goals for fun. Wayne Rooney was a striker who gave his all every game. And Ryan Giggs played over 1000 matches for United which is just crazy!My dream is to one day play for the Manchester United first team. I practice my football skills every single day. I dribble the ball around cones, I take shots at the goal, and I work on my passing and heading. You have to put in the hard work if you want to make it as a pro.Imagine me scoring the winning goal for Manchester United in the Champions League final. In front of a massive crowd of 80,000 fans at the huge Wembley stadium. I would rip off myshirt and slide on my knees in celebration. The entire United fan base going absolutely wild. What a scene that would be!While we're dreaming, I would love to be the next big thing after players like Ronaldo and Messi. Winning the Ballon d'Or which is awarded to the best player in the world. Having my face on the cover of FIFA and PES games that all the kids play. Scoring in World Cup finals for my country. That would be the ultimate life!But for now, I'm just a young kid who adores Manchester United more than anything. Every weekend I wake up early to watch all their matches on TV. I cheer wildly when they score. I get sad when they concede a goal or lose a game. The ups and downs of being a true football fan!My bedroom walls are covered with United posters and photos. I have a huge closet full of Man United jerseys, shorts, jackets, hats and more. For my birthday all I ask for is United merchandise. Like I said, I'm their biggest fan!I really want to go watch Manchester United play in person at their Old Trafford stadium someday. I've only seen them on TV so far. But being at the actual stadium and hearing the crowd roar must be an incredible experience. I would scream my lungs out singing their cheers and chants.Well, that's enough about my obsession with Manchester United for now. If you couldn't already tell, they are my everything when it comes to football! I hope I can keep supporting them forever. And who knows, maybe I'll even get to play for them as a professional one day.A kid can dream, right? Glory Glory Man United!篇4My Favorite Football ClubHi there! My name is Jamie and I'm 10 years old. Today I want to tell you all about my favorite football (that's what us Brits call soccer) club - Manchester United!Manchester United is one of the biggest and best football clubs in the whole world. They play in the Premier League which is the top division in England. Their home stadium is called Old Trafford and it holds over 75,000 fans! Can you imagine having 75,000 people cheering you on? That would be so cool.The team wears red shirts, white shorts, and black socks for their home kit. Their badge has the words "Manchester United" written on it and there is also a ship on the badge because Manchester is a big shipping city. My Manchester United kit is my most prized possession!Manchester United was founded way back in 1878 which makes them 145 years old this year! They started as a team for workers at a railway yard but quickly became one of the best clubs around. These days they are the richest football club in the world and are worth billions of pounds!Some of the greatest players ever have played for Manchester United over the years. My personal favorites are Wayne Rooney, Cristiano Ronaldo, David Beckham, Eric Cantona, and George Best. Wayne Rooney is United's all-time top scorer with 253 goals which is just insane! Cristiano Ronaldo was an unbelievable talent who won tons of trophies with United before going to play for Real Madrid and other clubs.David Beckham was the captain and probably the most famous player in the world at one point. Eric Cantona was a super talented Frenchman known as "King Eric" who led the team to lots of titles in the 1990s. And George Best is considered one of the greatest dribblers and free spirits to ever play the game back in the 1960s. Just electric on the ball! I wish I could go back in time and watch these legends play.The current manager (head coach) of Manchester United is Erik ten Hag. He's a Dutch manager who just recently came to the club in 2022. The team hasn't won as many trophies recentlyas the fans would like but Ten Hag has them playing much better this season. Some of the current star players are Marcus Rashford, Bruno Fernandes, Casemiro, and Raphael Varane. Rashford has been on fire scoring tons of goals!My dream is to one day play for Manchester United's youth academy and work my way up to the first team. I watch all their games on TV and pay really close attention to the player's movements, tactics, and positioning. My dad takes me to see them play in person a few times each season which is always incredible! Old Trafford feels like a sacred cathedral when you step inside.Off the pitch, Manchester United does a lot of awesome work in the community too. They have an amazing charitable foundation that builds soccer pitches and facilities in poor areas around the world. They also run coaching clinics and work to inspire youth through soccer. I attended one of their clinics over the summer and got to meet a couple players which was a dream come true!The fans are truly what make Manchester United such a special club though. There are over 1 billion United fans across the globe! Everywhere I go, I see people wearing United jerseys. My friends and I constantly swap United stickers, posters, scarves,and other gear. We stay up late to watch all their games and then replay the highlights at school the next day.United fans are a loud, passionate bunch and they never stop singing/chanting during games. Some of their most famous chants are about their fierce local rivals Manchester City. There have been some absolutely epic derby matches between the two clubs over the years. Those games are always must-see events!At the end of every season, United's fans take to the streets to either celebrate winning a trophy or complain about the team's poor performance! Sometimes they even fly protest banners over games demanding the club owners make big changes. United's global fanbase is so large that the club has to listen to what they say. It's crazy!Well, that's my story on why Manchester United is my favorite football club in the entire world. From their rich history and legendary players to their recent success and massive worldwide fanbase - there is just no other club like them. United is a way of life and I bleed red until I die! Glory Glory Man United!篇5My Favorite Soccer ClubHi there! My name is Timmy and I'm 10 years old. I love playing soccer more than anything else in the world. Soccer is just the best sport ever! I've been playing since I was 5 years old on my local youth team.But today I want to tell you all about my favorite professional soccer club - Manchester United! They are the biggest club in England and one of the most famous teams on the planet. Just thinking about them gets me so excited!Manchester United was started way back in 1878, which is like a million years ago! They have won a bunch of major trophies over the years like 20 League titles, 3 European Cups, 12 FA Cups and a ton more. That's more than any other English club. They are champions!Their home stadium is called Old Trafford and it's huuuuuge. It can fit almost 75,000 fans! I've never been there in person, but I dream of going one day. The fans are incredibly loud and passionate, singing chants and waving their red scarves and banners the whole game. It looks like so much fun on TV.Manchester United's players are like superheroes to me. Their current star is Marcus Rashford - he's an English striker who is crazy good at scoring goals. He has scored over 100 career goals already and he's only 25 years old! He's so fast and skillfulon the ball. My favorite United player though is Cristiano Ronaldo. He played for them from 2003 to 2009 and was absolutely unstoppable, scoring goals left and right. He holds the club record with 696 total goals! I have his poster hanging above my bed. What a legend.Another legendary United player from the past was Wayne Rooney. He was their star striker for many years and also played over 700 games for the club. He was so tough and scored some amazing goals with his powerful strikes. He could score from anywhere on the pitch!Some of Manchester United's greatest memories came in their treble-winning season of 1998-99. That year they incredibly won the Premier League title, the FA Cup, and the Champions League trophy - which is the biggest prize in all of European soccer. It had never been done before in English soccer! The way they won the Champions League final was unbelievable. They were down 1-0 to Bayern Munich with just a few minutes left. But then Teddy Sheringham scored in the 91st minute to equalize1-1. And then in the 93rd minute of stoppage time, Ole Gunnar Solskjaer scored the game-winner! The fans went absolutely bonkers. What a comeback for the ages!That team was managed by the legendary Sir Alex Ferguson, who is considered one of the greatest coaches in soccer history. He led United to 38 trophies over 26 years as their manager. He had an incredible ability to motivate his players and continuously build winning teams year after year. Sir Alex had so many memorable moments, like that time he kicked a soccer boot across the field because he was so mad at a referee's bad decision. What a character he was! Fergie is a true Manchester United icon.Off the field, Manchester United is one of the most popular and richest sports teams on the planet. They have over 650 million fans worldwide, which is just insane! You can find United fans and supporters' clubs everywhere from China to Mexico to South Africa. Their worldwide fame and brand is out of this world.Part of why they are so popular is their incredible history of success for so many decades. But they also have cool nicknames like "The Red Devils" which sounds so awesome and intimidating. Their iconic red jersey with the devil crest is one of the most famous sports logos ever. I have the latest authentic United jersey which I wear constantly. My parents even threw me a Manchester United themed birthday party last year - it was epic!Another reason Manchester United is so beloved is their fervent belief in promoting young players from their academy system and blooding them into the first team. So many legendary United players like David Beckham, Paul Scholes, Ryan Giggs, and Gary Neville all came up through their academy as youngsters. The club really prides itself on developing youths into stars. It's such a great tradition.Well, I could honestly go on and on talking about my favorite team, but I'd better wrap this up before my teacher gets mad at me for writing a novel! Just know that Manchester United is the greatest, most storied, most popular soccer club in the universe and I will forever bleed red. Glory Glory Man United! I hope to see you all at Old Trafford cheering them on one day soon!篇6My Favorite Football ClubHi friends! Today I want to tell you all about my favorite football club - Manchester United! Football is the best sport ever and Manchester United is the coolest team of all time. I became a huge fan a few years ago when my big brother started watchingtheir games on TV. At first, I didn't really get it, but then I saw those amazing red jerseys and I was hooked!Manchester United comes from Manchester, which is a city in England. England is that country where they have the Queen, Big Ben, and lots of rain. The team's colors are red, white, and black. Their jersey has the team's logo and the iconic red devil on it. I think the red devil looks so cool and powerful!The team plays at a huge stadium called Old Trafford. Old Trafford has a capacity of over 70,000 people! Can you imagine having 70,000 people cheering for your team? That would be so loud. I've seen pictures and it looks like the biggest stadium in the whole world. One day, I really want to go see Manchester United play a match there.Some of my favorite Manchester United players are Cristiano Ronaldo, Wayne Rooney, and Marcus Rashford. Cristiano Ronaldo is probably the best player in the world. He scores so many amazing goals and has won tons of championships. I try to dribble and shoot like him when I play football at recess. Wayne Rooney was the team captain for a long time and is a true legend. And Marcus Rashford is a young superstar who is probably going to be one of the best in the world soon.Manchester United has won so many trophies, it's actually crazy. They've won the Premier League title a record 20 times! The Premier League is the top football league in England.They've also won the Champions League, which is the biggest club competition in all of Europe, 3 times. On top of that, they've won the FA Cup 12 times and the League Cup 5 times. Basically, they are the most successful and prestigious football club in all of England.One of the best things about Manchester United is their fierce rivalry with Liverpool FC. Liverpool is another massive football club from the city of Liverpool. Whenever Manchester United plays Liverpool, it's always a huge game filled with drama and intensity. The fans get so into it and the atmosphere is electric. I can't wait until I'm old enough to finally go to one of those games in person.Another cool fact about Manchester United is that they have awesome, dedicated fans all around the world. You can find United fans in basically every country on Earth. My best friend's cousin lives in Brazil and he's also a massive United fan. How cool is that? No matter where I go, I know I'll be able to find other kids to kick a football around with and talk about our beloved Man United.Of course, being a huge Manchester United fan isn't always easy. They can be really frustrating to watch sometimes when they aren't playing well. Last season was pretty disappointing for them. But that's all part of being a true fan - you stick with your team through the good times and the bad. No matter what, though, I'll always bleed red for Manchester United.I hope you can see why Manchester United is my favorite football club. Between their incredible legacy, worldwide fanbase, and stellar teams, they are truly a remarkable organization. Sure, other teams like Manchester City, Chelsea, and Arsenal are good too. But no club captures my imagination and passion quite like the Red Devils. One day, I hope to play football professionally and maybe even get the chance to suit up for the iconic red jersey. A kid can dream, right? Glory, glory Man United!。
黑龙江职高对口升学英语高考预测押题试题七(含答案)
英语试题本试卷分第I卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分，共150分。
考试时间120分钟。
第I卷（共115分）第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后一个小题，从题中所给的三个选项A、B、C中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段话仅读一遍。
1. Who is the man possibly talking to?A. A doctor.B. A teacher.C. His mother2. What do we know about Sam?A. His sister will leave for New York.B. His sister will leave for Los Angeles.C. He will leave New York.3. What is the woman going to do?A. Rewrite the paper because there are too many mistakes.B. Throw the paper away.C. Read the paper again.4. Why does the woman thank the man?A. He lent her some money.B. He gave her a five-pound bill.C. He returned her money found.5. Where does this conversation probably take place?A. At an airport.B. At a railway station.C. At a department store.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
三看分析法之：看动词，找宾语
三看分析法之：看动词，找宾语1. 看动词，找宾语2. 看连词，找宾语3. 看介词，找宾语1.英语动词的逻辑结构2.动词宾语的位置特征安德鲁卡内基（Andrew Carnegie):The man who dies rich dies disgraced（丢⼈的，耻辱的）. 连词后⾯的是从句（wh- 是连词）⼀个⼈死的是还很有钱，是很耻辱的。
Andrew Carnegie , one of the first great capitalists(众多当中的⼀个), said more than a century ago （⼀个世纪以前）that “ the man who dies rich dies disgraced ”, In other words, there is nothing wrong with codly applying the logic of self-interest to make yourself rich , but you have to give it away before you die.He ran away quickly.（这⾥是状语，修饰ran ）He died rich.(rich adj )rich: 这⾥是主语的补⾜语a. He died. ⼀元结构b. He died a rich man . (主语补⾜语，a rich man 修饰的是 He ) he 和 a rich man 是指⼀个⼈⼀元结构He was a rich man when he died.c He killed a rich man. (这⾥的he 和rich man 是两个⼈）⼆元结构Elizabeth Taylor died a beloved idol.died可以看做等号，是⼀个系动词，可以当做是be动词（等于be动词加额外意思）动词的最基本的逻辑结构分类：1 不及物动词(VI)2 及物动词（VT)3 系动词（Linking V)1. 系动词当时是be动词加额外的意思， 2，系动词是⼀个桥梁的作⽤，3，相当于⼀个等号P3–8 中级教程。
关于目标的英文名言
关于目标的英文名言关于目标的英文名言名言是一个汉语词汇，基本意思是很出名的说法，著名的话，一般指名人说的话。
下面为大家带来目标的英文名言，快来看看吧。
人生重要的事情就是确定一个伟大的目标，并决心实现它。
小编收集了关于目标的英文名言，欢迎阅读。
The important thing in life is to have a great aim , and the determination to attain it. (Johan Wolfgang von Goethe , German Poet and dramatist)人生重要的事情就是确定一个伟大的目标，并决心实现它。
(德国诗人、戏剧家歌德 . J . M .)The man with a new idea is a crank until the idea succeeds .(Mark Twain , American writer)具有新想法的.人在其想法实现之前是个怪人。
(美国作家马克吐温)The only limit to our realization of tomorrow will be our doubts of today .(Franklin Roosevelt , American president) 实现明天理想的唯一障碍是今天的疑虑。
(美国总统罗斯福. F .) When an end is lawful and obligatory, the indispensable means to is are also lawful and obligatory .(Abraham Lincoln , American statesman)如果一个目的是正当而必须做的，则达到这个目的的必要手段也是正当而必须采取的。
(美国政治家林肯. A.)Do not , for one repulse , give up the purpose that you resolved to effect .(William Shakespeare , British dramatist) 不要只因一次失败，就放弃你原来决心想达到的目的。
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Few Americans have been left untouched by Andrew Carnegie's generosity. His contributions of more than five million dollars established 2,500 libraries in small communities throughout the country and formed the nucleus of the public library system that we all enjoy today.
Andrew Carnegie
Andrew Carnegie, known as the King of Steel, built the steel industry in the United States, and , in the process, became one of the wealthiest men in America. His success resulted in part from his ability to sell the product and in part from his policy of expanding during periods of economic decline, when most of his competitors were reducing their invesoteworthy contributions to society are those that bear his name, including the Carnegie Institute of Pittsburgh, which has a library, a museum of fine arts, and a museum of national history. He also founded a school of technology that is now part of Carnegie-Mellon University. Other philanthrophic gifts are the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace to promote understanding between nations, the Carnegie Institute of Washington to fund scientific research, and Carnegie Hall to provide a center for the arts.
安德鲁·卡内基
被称作钢铁大王的安德鲁·卡内基在美国建立了钢铁工业。 在这个过程中，他变成了美国最富有的人之一。 他的成功，部分来自于他销售产品的能力，部分来自于经济萧条时期的扩充策略。 在萧条时期，他的多数对手都在缩减投资。卡内基认为个人应该通过努力工作来获得进展，但他也强烈地感到有钱人应该运用他们的财富来为社会谋取福利。 他反对施舍救济，更愿意提供教育机会，使别人自立。 卡内基经常说："富有着死去的人死得可耻。"他对社会的较重要的贡献都以他的名字命名。 这些贡献包括匹兹堡卡内基学校。 这个学校有一个图书馆，一个美术馆和一个国家历史博物馆；他还创立了一所技术学校，这所学校现在是卡内基 梅隆大学的一部分；其他的慈善捐赠有为促进国家间了解的"卡内基国际和平基金"，为科学研究提供经费的华盛顿卡内基学院以及给各种艺术活动提供活动中心的卡内基音乐厅。安德鲁·卡内基的慷慨大度几乎影响到每个美国人的生活。 由于他超过五百万美元的捐款，2500个图书馆得以建立起来，遍布在美国各地的小村镇，形成了我们今天还在享用的公共图书馆系统的核心。
Carnegie believed that individuals should progress through hard work, but he also felt strongly that the wealthy should use their fortunes for the benefit of society. He opposed charity, preferring instead to provide educational opportunities that would allow others to help themselves. "He who dies rich, dies disgraced," he often said.