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剑桥商务英语词汇大全

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bec剑桥商务英语词汇大全

bec剑桥商务英语词汇大全

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新编剑桥商务英语(高级)词汇总结

新编剑桥商务英语(高级)词汇总结

Module 11、quotation 引用2、self-employed 个体经商的3、resign 辞职4、apply for 申请5、lay off (生意萧条时)临时解雇，下岗6、dismiss（由于雇员本人的不好）解雇7、overtime 超时的，加班8、laser equipment激光设备9、live for the moment 活在当下10、spontaneous心血来潮，自发11、think and plan for the future为未来做打算12、take off 休假13、Entitlement Generation 养尊处优的一代14、entitle to有权利做…15、little appetite for hard work不想努力工作16、twenty-somethings二十多岁的人17、instant gratification瞬间满足18、codding parents and colleges溺爱的父母和大学19、we were spoiled by your generation我们被你们这一代宠坏了20、break our backs for you努力工作21、bury themselves in a cubicle 埋头苦干22、delegate jobs分配工作23、recruitment 招聘24、older employees员工老龄化25、senior management高级管理26、CV=resume简历27、education background教育背景28、object/key section工作目标29、certificate/license证书30、bank office后勤部门；股票或证券交易清算室31、marital status婚姻状况32、constellation星座33、Geneva日内瓦34、pilot project尝试性计划35、tackle 抓住，处理36、canton 州，行政区37、integration集成综合，取消种族隔离38、commune谈心，亲密交谈39、sign up to participate in报名参加40、call up 传唤41、under the terms of=according to根据42、quantify使…确切、数字化43、National Assembly国会44、mandatory强制的45、initiative主动性，倡议46、preconceived idea先入为主的观念47、rule out the possibility of..的可能性48、firefighter消防员49、fundraiser募捐者50、trainee investment advisor投资建设者51、（put….）on the spot在现场；故意使某人处于难堪境地52、reward报答，酬劳53、recruit招聘，新员工54、permanent post固定工作55、reluctant不愿的56、voluntary自愿的57、codding溺爱的58、paediatrics儿科学59、veteran 富有经验的人60、flipside反面，相反情况61、teleworking电子化办公62、life expectancy预期寿命63、personal summary个人情况介绍64、dynamic有活力的65、knowdegeable有知识的66、interpersonal skill人际交往技能67、software solution软件解决方案68、entrepreneur企业家69、expertise专长70、self-motivated自我激励的71、pre-course预备课程72、reference证明(人)73、covering letter附信74、ongoing持续存在的75、on one’s own initiative主动地76、job-hunt frequently不断地跳槽77、paid holiday带薪休假78、tanker邮轮79、leak泄露80、tug拖船81、publicity公众的注意82、media attention媒体关注assert oneself坚持自己的权利（意见）83、ground使搁浅，使触海底84、routine日常的，例行的85、relocate使安置于新地点86、entail需要87、feature特写88、improvise临时做/提供89、denim粗斜棉布90、stone-washed 磨砂的91、plant成套设备92、allegation断言93、toxic有毒的94、plastic coating 塑料覆盖层95、migrant worker民工96、e-waste电子垃圾97、employee loyalty 员工忠诚98、employee commitment员工敬业精神99、derive from从..中得到100、incentive鼓励101、commendation赞扬102、instrinsic内在的，本质的103、advancement提升，晋升Module 21、sales turnover/revenue营业额2、share capital股本3、market share市场份额4、number of outlets门店5、entry 网页，登录6、subsidiary子公司7、headquarter 总部8、division分部9、sale offices销售点10、be based in总部位于11、acquire/acquisition=take over收购12、merge/merge兼并13、go bankrupt破产14、after-sales services售后服务15、divest=sell off廉价出售16、close=shut down关闭17、logistic company物流公司18、organic growth内生增长19、non-organic growth非内生增长20、heap积累21、at the top of the heap=leader领导者22、blockbuster大公司23、completely=with no doubt=squarel正好24、aim at针对25、dominated主导的26、core database核心数据库27、application应用28、dig at挖苦，嘲笑29、at the heart核心30、industry行业31、innovation创新32、small-scale acquisition小型收购33、midmarket中阶市场34、since then自那以后35、kickoff（竞选等）活动开始、启动36、CA=California 37、bitter心酸的38、takeover bid竞价收购39、trying circumstance困难的境地/形势40、momentum势头lose momentum失去势头41、with class出众，优异a girl with class有出众风度的姑娘42、our heads hold high=be proud骄傲，自豪43、commentator评论家44、the way employees are rewarded奖赏方式45、tempo节奏46、throw sb.in at the deep end是某人在毫无准备的情况下做困难的事47、sum up总结48、accountable for=be responsible for对…负责49、in fairness公正地说50、paternalistic大家长式的51、wield the axe挥舞斧头，裁员52、get flak受到抨击53、territory领土53、stock brokers证券公司54、categorise分组，分类55、organisational culture企业文化56、sector行业57、crucial role关键作用58、developer开发商59、macho硬汉，男子汉气概60、devolve委派，下放61、hierarchies等级62、plodding拖拉63、bureaucracy官僚资本主义64、empower授权，许可65、job secruity工作稳定性66、measurable可测量的，重大的67、clear lines of reporting and areas of responsibility明确划分权限和职责范围68、non-financial rewards非金钱奖励69、informal relationship轻松关系70、present facts陈述事实71、speculation猜测72、post=announce宣布73、be in line with与..一致74、high street商业街75、quieter生意清闲的、清淡的76、flat生意不景气的77、retail outlets经销机构78、internet presence网络出口79、core competency核心竞争力80、market prospect市场前景81、market price市场价格82、cashflow资金流动83、profit margin利润率84、premise场所85、go out of business歇业86、go public挂牌上市87、divest使卸下88、blockbuster了不起的人89、headline头版重要新闻90、suite软件套件91、platform平台92、motto座右铭93、resigned屈从的，顺从的94、saga一长串事件95、conclusion结局96、insurance premiums保险费97、consensus一致意见98、charisma领袖气质99、one-top一站式的，提供一揽子商品（服务）的100、discreet言行谨慎的101、accessories装饰品102、profile简介103、poll 民意测验104、interpersonal skill交际能力105、time management skill时间管理能力106、problem-solving skill解决问题的能力107、customer service training 顾客服务培训108、knowledge industry知识产业109、textile industry纺织行业110、information industry信息行业111、raw material extraction industry原材料开采行业Module 31、make/receive a phone call2、issue/put out a press release3、launch/run anadvertisement 4、give/make a presentation 5、hold/attend a meeting/seminar6、produce/publish a report7、send out/circulate a memo to all concerned 9、post/put information on the internet 10、make economies节省11、elaborate复杂的，详尽的12、means of communication沟通方式13、make of理解，看待14、investment portfolio证券投资组合15、get a good point说得有道理16、utility公用事业17、crosssell交叉销售18、more….than….与其说…不如说…. 19、call center呼叫中心20、bill enquiry账单查询21、counter-productive产生相反效果的22、depersonalise没有人情味23、commoditise使商品化24、rationlise使合理化25、transaction交易26、bank deposits银行储蓄27、cash withdrawals现金支取28、issuing of statements结单通知29、cash machine取款机30、driver动力31、high street shopping实体店购物32、start out/off开始谋业33、embrace拥抱；欣然接受34、train times火车时刻表35、Alaska阿拉斯加36、SMS=short messaging service短信37、MSN=Microsoft Service Net微软公司38、Blackberry黑莓手机39、managing director总经理40、make a request请求41、give sb.a reminder提醒某人42、make a proposal建议；订婚43、make an announcement通知44、make a demand要求45、customer charter顾客约章46、confidential机密的47、national and local calls长途与本地电话48、refund the difference退还差价49、impartial公正的50、satisfaction survey顾客满意度调查51、straightway立即，马上52、come straight back马上回来53、activate激活54、parcel delivery company包裹邮递公司55、a fish tank鱼缸56、mail order company邮购公司57、air pump气泵58、the service department服务部59、electricity company供电公司60、unsolicited未经要求的，主动提供的61、laptop computer笔记本电脑62、aquarium水族馆63、fitness club健身俱乐部64、iron熨斗65、nevertheless=still 66、consequently=so 67、owing to=because of 68、moreover=what’s more 69、following=after 70、since=because 71、besides=anyway 72、receptionist 接待人员73、doormen门卫74、existing staff现有的员工75、customer behavior 消费行为76、telephone operator接线员77、handset手机78、accredit相信，认可Module 41、aptitude能力2、altitude高度3、detour绕弯路4、dead-end street死胡同5、price competition价格战6、selling point卖点7、competitive advantage竞争优势8、emotional/perceived benefits情感利益9、added value附加值10、prospective customer潜在的顾客11、buying signal成交信号12、car dealer汽车行13、close the sale成交14、reserve the order预定15、deposit定金16、build/establish trust建立信任17、spaceship飞船18、VW大众19、suit one’s image 符合身份20、hard sell强硬销售21、deodorants除臭剂22、advertiser广告商23、march行进，行军24、ubiquity普遍存在25、digital revolution数字革命26、upsurge高潮27、in favor of支持；宁愿选择28、television viewing电视收视率29、personal video recorder technology（PVR）录像机30、medium媒体31、material影响深远的32、the sharp end激进分子33、Unilever联合利华34、Internet budget网络预算35、direct response advertising直效广告36、the consumer goods giant消费品巨头37、sponsorship赞助38、long-running持续时间长的39、make its presence felt使周围的人感觉你的重要性40、rewind倒退41、fast forwarding快进42、on demand有求必应43、search-based advertising 基于搜索的广告44、receptive乐于接受的45、huge premium巨额保费46、tune in to调整，调台47、Dancing on Ice花样滑冰48、engage针对49、catch-all包罗万象的50、holistic整体的，全面的51、tap into开发52、social networking sites交友网站53、feel compelled to do sth.情不自禁干某事54、come of age到达法定年龄、成年；到达成熟时期55、in the short term从短期来说56、creat a buzz 造势57、clip夹子，回形针58、present figures描述业绩59、roller coaster过山车60、fluctuate=go up and down=vary上下起伏61、pick up=recove=bounce 恢复62、hit=reach 63、high point=peak 64、due to=because of=owing to=down to 65、over=during=in 66、overdrive加速，赶工67、stabilish=level off 68、clear out our stock清仓69、up to=as much as 70、result in=lead to 71、pharmaceutical制药的72、forecast预计73、best-selling最畅销的74、eye contact眼神交流75、curve 曲线76、what general trend大概趋势77、per capita人均的78、connect with=relative to与…相关79、decision maker决策者80、option选用件81、reliability可靠性82、prospect可能成为主顾的人83、constraint限制，约束84、anecdote轶事，趣闻86、pushy粗鲁的，莽撞的87、payment terms支付方式88、niche专门市场89、point-of-sale销售网点90、viral marketing病毒式营销91、vehicle advertising车辆广告92、banner ads横幅广告93、broadband宽带94、media company传媒公司95、commission佣金96、across the board全面地97、blues忧郁，沮丧98、given考虑到99、slow-release（药效）缓慢的释放100、disruption扰乱101、supply chain供应链102、in reserve被留出备用103、margin利润104、palm oil棕榈油105、supply and demand供应与需求106、ingredient配料Module 51、flow chart流程图2、invoice发票；开发票3、owe money欠钱4、take out获得5、bet money on a horse赌马6、withdraw money取钱7、bank manager 银行经理8、interest rate利息9、term条款10、security担保11、save rate 存款率12、consumer confidence index消费者信心指数13、credit信贷；信用证；学分14、oversee监督15、legacy遗产，遗留物16、remortgage再次抵押17、thrillion万亿18、down-payment首次付款（首付）19、asset values(资产价值) will crash资产价值崩溃20、equity财产净值；股票；所有者权益21、negative equity负债资产22、by far最，无疑，很23、so far到达某一程度so far so good到目前为止，一切都好24、flyover立交桥25、gas-guzzling cars 滥吃狂饮26、equation方程式，影响因素27、leverage影响力28、location 地点29、seating capacity座位容量30、current cost of a ticket当前票价31、lease租约32、turnover营业额34、expenditure支出，income收入35、variable costs可变成本，fixed costs固定成本36、assets资产，liabilities负债37、gross 毛重，net净重38、current当前的，long-term长期的39、profit利润，loss 亏损40、dividends红利，retained profit留存利润41、creditor债权人，debtor 债务人42、profitable盈利的，unprofitable亏损的43、accounts payable应付账款，accounts receivable应收账款44、financial statement财务报表45、health 运营状况46、your first port of call（沿途要落脚/拜访的地方）你首先要看的是47、the accounts财务报表48、balance sheet资产负债表49、the income statement=the profit and loss accounts所得计算书50、cashflow statement现金流表51、snapshot简要说明；快照52、at a given moment=over a given period 在某一特定时期53、owe to欠54、set sth. against sth.把…与…联系起来55、current asset流动资产56、the notes to the accounts账目记录57、run the business经营58、gross profit毛利润，net profit净利润59、proverbial众所周知60、profit after tax税后利润61、calculator计算器62、the bottom line 底线63、do some sums算一算是否有钱去做….64、total revenue/turnover总收入65、operating income营业收入66、current liabilities流动负债67、starting line开办费用68、cash from operating经营产生的现金69、cash from investing 投资产生的现金70、cash from financing融资产生的现金71、net change in cash净现金流72、material costs材料成本73、administrative costs管理费用74、distribution costs运输成本75、overheads日常开支76、development costs 开发成本77、finance costs财务成本78、advertising expenditure广告花销79、free samples免费样品80、bank charges银行手续费81、vehicle insurance 车辆保险82、heating加热，供暖设备83、make reductions缩减84、car hire company汽车出租公司85、compromise妥协86、napkin纸巾87、consumer spending消费者支出88、avert挡开89、gallon加仑90、equation综合体91、multipex多剧场影剧院92、research and development expenditure研究与开发费用93、operating expenses营业费用94、manufacturing costs生产成本95、shopping mall大型购物中心96、hole漏洞97、blue-chip（股票）热门的98、hindsight事后的认识。

剑桥商务英语简单词汇

剑桥商务英语简单词汇

剑桥商务英语简单词汇1 bulk 大量2call打电话3 call on 呼吁4 campaign 战役5 candidate 候选人6cantee食堂7 capacity 生产额8capture 赢得9 cash 现金10 cash flow 现金流量11 catalogue 目录12 catastrophe 大灾难13 chain 连锁店14 challenger 挑选者15 channel 渠道16 charge 使承担17 chart 图表18 ceckout 付款台19 chief 主要的20 circular 传阅的小册子21 claim 要求22 client 委托人23 cold 没人找上门24 commercialize 使商品化25 comisision 佣金26 commitment 承诺27 commodity 商品28 company 公司29 compensate 赔偿30 compesation 补偿31 compete 竞争32 competition 对手33 competition 竞争的34 component 机器元件35 condition 条件36 conflict 冲突37 consolidate 账目合并38 consortium 财团39 constant 恒定的40 consultant 咨询人员41 consumables 消费品42 contract 合同43 contractor 承办商44 contribute 提供45 contribution 贡献46 conversion 改装47 conveyor 传送48 core time 基本上班时间49 cost 成本50 running costs 日常管理费用51 costing 成本计算、52 credit 赊购53 damages 损害54 dedline 最后期限55 deal 交易56 dealer 商人57 debit 解放58 debt 欠款59 declare 申报60 deduct 扣除61 defer 推迟62 deficit 赤字63 depot 仓库64 deputyl 令人沮丧的65 direct 管理66 dog 呆滞品67 due 应付的68 dynamic 有活力的69 engage 雇佣70 entitle 授权71 equity 股东权益72 evaluate 股价73 job 工作74 legal 合法的75 lease 租借76 lend 出借77 link 关系78 likely 可能的79 lessee 承租人80 ledger 分类账81 lead 领导人82 key 主要83 input 投入84 label 标签85 labor 劳动86 lesser 出租人87 leverage 杠杆比赛88 license 许可证89 liquid 易焕成现款的90 listed 等级注册的91 interest 利息92 interviw 面试93 inventory 库存94 initial 初步的95 introdue 介绍96 joint 联合的97 litigate 提出诉讼98 listing上市公司名录99 layout 工厂的布局100 lead time 完成某项活动所需的时间101102103。

剑桥商务英语词汇大全

剑桥商务英语词汇大全

剑桥商务英语词汇大全.Unit 1 the 3 sectors of economy经济的三个部分Infrastructure 基础结构Lean produce 精益生产Warehouse 仓库Industrial units 工业区Residential building 住宅区Agricultural land 农耕区Housing estate地产Managing director 董事总经理，总裁Wholesale outlet 批发商店Retail outlet 零售店Calculation of price 价格计算Added value 增值Smelt 熔炼，提炼Mill 磨Weld 焊接Ex works 出厂价Up stream 上游Down stream 下游Total picture 全局Maintenance 保养，维修Bauxite 铝土矿Coil 线圈Cement 水泥Labor cost 劳力成本Semi-finished 半成品Finished product 成品Department of health 卫生部Primary sector 第一产业Secondary sector 第二产业Tertiary sector 第三产业Raw material 原材料Administration 管理Law 司法Computing 计算机操作Personnel 人事Distribute 分配，配送Health care 医疗卫生Logistics 物流Assemble 装配Disassemble 拆卸Assembling line 生产线Iron ore 铁矿石Division of labor 劳动分工Heavy industry 重工业Light industry 轻工业Marketing 市场营销Chain of command 指挥系统，行政管理系统Core technology 核心技术Know-how 技术诀窍Labor-intensive 劳动密集型Technology-intensive 技术密集型Capital-intensive 资本密集型Hinterland 内地，腹地Initial outlay 初期投资Garments 服装Unit 2 management 管理Manager’s job= planning+ organizing+ leading+ con trolling Allocate resources 分配资源Pay and promotion 薪酬和晋升Modify 修正Line manager 一线经理Immediate line manager 直接下属的一线经理Top manager 高层经理Top management 高层管理Middle management 中层管理Supplier 供应商Public authorities 政府部门Be advised 听取意见Distributor 分销商Swiss franc 瑞士法郎Appreciate 升值Depreciate 贬值Component of economy 经济部门Good will resource 商誉Human resource 人力资源Natural resource 自然资源Market share 市场份额Monopoly in/ of/ on 垄断，专利品Management skills 管理技能Management tactics 管理技巧Decision-making 决策Board of directors 董事会Chairman of the board 董事长High-performance car 高性能汽车Tangible/ physical resources 有形资源Capital resources 资本资源Superior 上级Subordinate 下属Senior manager 资深经理Junior manager 初级经理Corporate culture 公司文化Check and balance 制衡Hardware 五金，硬件Monopoly/ lock 垄断Interchangement 互换Solution provider 方案提供商Chain store 连锁店Work experience 工作经历Working hour 工作时间Price v. 定价；比价Chief operation office 首席运营官Operation management 作业管理Financial management 财务管理HR management 人力资源管理Marketing management 销售管理Logistics management 物流管理OTC= over the counter 成药Arts 文科Science 理科Engineering 工科Simulate 仿造，模仿High-end product 高端产品Rock bottom price 最低价Frills 虚饰Target market 目标市场Empowerment 赋权Ad hoc 特别，专门Task force 特遣部队，特别行动组Cash and assets 现金和资产Buffer= cushion 起缓冲作用的人或物Leeway 余地，余裕Product 产品Productivity 生产率Produce 生产；特产local produce 地方特产Delegation 代表团Corporate statement = mission statement 公司主旨Aim/ vision 愿景Corporate image 公司形象For here 堂食To go 带走Focus group 焦点小组Innovation 创新，革新Manageable 可管理的，可处理的Set objective 设置目标Safety net 安全网Dismiss 解职，开除Expertise 专门技术Merchandise 商品，货物Verify 检验，核实IBM= International Business MachinesThe retail sector 零售业Predescribed quantities 预先定好的数量Layout 布局Sales staff 销售人员Working environment 工作环境Day-to-day logistics 日常物流，后勤Day-to-day running of the store 商店的日常运营Strategic management 战略管理Formulating strategy 制定战略Delegation 授权Parameter 参数High street= main street 大众的（商品）Replenish→replenishment （货物的）补充Members of staff 公司职员Voice your consent 抱怨Inventory = stock 库存Policy 保单（a contract of insurance）Philosophy 理念Regular meeting 例会，常规会议Accountability 问责性Unit 3 company structure 公司结构Recruitment 雇佣，招募Remuneration 报酬Department of legal affairs 法务部Purchase 采购部IT 信息技术部R&D 研发部Tooling 加工部Immediate boss 直接上司Immediate subordinate 直接下属Autonomous 自制的Decentralization 分散化，权力下放，分权Function 功能Hierarchy 等级Line authority 直线职权Report to 向……负责Subordinates 下属Matrix 矩阵Assistant manager 助理经理Manager assistant 经理助理Functional structure 机能结构= production+ finance+ marketing市场营销+ sales+ personnel/ HRLead time 订货交付时间Reorganization 改组Operating division 运营段，运营分部Overlap 重叠Commercial division 商业银行Private banking 私人理财International division 国际银行Investment division 投资银行Inherent problem 固有的问题Product manager 产品经理Market segment 市场细分Autonomy 自治权Priority 优先权Dimensional 四维基质的Sales force 销售队伍Commission 提成Optional features 可选功能，可选装置Cash balance 现金平衡Credit facility 信用工具Profit margin 利益空间Research and development spending 研发投入Self-financing 使用自有资金，自筹资金Organization chart 组织结构图Market research 市场调研（部）Teller 出纳Advertising and promotion 广告与促销Publicity 宣传Industrial belt 工业带Corporate ethos 公司风气Collaboration 协作Insulated = isolated 隔绝的Fragmentation 分裂Subsidiary 分公司Openness 开放性Downsizing 裁员Downturn 下滑Recession 衰退Chief financial officer 财务总监Unit 4 work and motivation工作和动机Induce 劝诱，促使Incentive 动力，刺激Labor relations 劳资关系Labor union 工会Benefit 福利，津贴Perk 津贴，补贴Supplement 额外费用Bureaucracy 官僚主义Job safety 工作安全性Job security 工作稳定性Sales promotion 促销Remuneration 薪水Psychological well-being 心理满足Administration 行政管理Working condition 工作条件Paid holiday 带薪假日Sick pay 病假工资Pension 养老金Psychology of work 工作心理学Recognition 认可，承认Checkout till 结账柜台的现金出纳机Checkout 结账柜台Till 现金出纳机Cash till 收银台Cash register 收银处Product line 生产线Product line-up 产品系列User-friendly 易于使用的Go round 分配Creature comfort 物质享受Interface 界面程序Annual bonus 年度奖金Corporate culture 公司文化= values价值观+ beliefs信条+ norms标准Dead-end job 没前途的工作Stock order = replenishment 货物补充Hygiene 卫生Play pool 打台球Health screening program 健康检查Sales floor 店面Trade floor 交易所Bus depot 汽车总站Profit-sharing programme 收益分享Career training 职业培训Working week 工作周Pre-school age children 学前儿童Premise 工作场所Subsidize 补贴Tinned food 罐装食物Piecework system 计件系统Pay scheme 薪酬计划Unit 5 management and cultural diversity 管理与文化多样性Localization 本地化Globalization 全球化Pay-for-performance 绩效工资Collectivist 集体主义的Sales rep 商品经销代理Universalist 普爱论者Particularist 排他主义者Glocalization 全球地方化Multinational 跨国公司Unit 6 recruitment 招聘Applicant 申请人Application 申请Application form 申请表Candidate 候选人Curriculum vitae = resume 简历Employment agency 职介机构Job description 职责描述Job vacancy 职务空缺Reference 推荐信Short-list 列入最后候选名单Covering letter= cover letter 附函Give notice 预先通知（辞退）A form of headhunters 猎头公司Follow up 跟进Preliminary selection 初选Testimonials 证明书，推荐书Synchronized sewing 同步缝纫Traineeship 培训Referee 介绍人，推荐人Controlling stake 控股权Contingency 意外事件Contingency plan 应变计划Contingency fund 以外开支准备金Core competence 核心竞争力Home provider 持家者Stereotype 成见Maternity leave 产假Sick pay 病假The trade 同行Trade union = labor union 工会Working class 无产阶级，工薪族Child-bearingChild-rearingAffirmative action 倾向性法案Positive discrimination 积极差别Corporate affairs 公司事务Allowances 津贴，补贴Unit 7 labor relationship劳资关系Trade union= labor union 工会Motorway 高速公路Collective bargaining 集体谈判Go-slow= slowdown 怠工Working-to-rule 按章工作Industrial action 劳工行动Picket 纠察Rate of production 生产速率Premises 企业的房屋建筑及附属场地Outsource 外包Subcontract 转包Subcontractor 承包商Out of house 机构外部的In-house 机构内部的Backstreet 偏僻街道Bill 开出账单，收取费用Staff levels 人员配备情况Bargaining power 议价权Conglomerate 联合大公司，企业集团Arch-rival 主要竞争对手Penalty point 违章扣分记录Pay-as-you-go 打多少交多少话费Auditor 审计员Adversary 对手，敌手Working hours gongzuoshij Working practices 工作惯例Uneconomic job 不赚钱的工作Tyranny 专制Deregulation 解除管制Work force 劳动力Public sector 共有部门Unit 8 production生产Flexible production line 柔性生产线Trade-off 妥协，协调，平衡Opportunity cost 机会成本Sunk cost 沉没成本Raw materials 原材料Semi-finished 半成品Finished 成品Product defect 质量缺陷Excess capacity 剩余产能Fixed cost 固定成本Variable cost 可变成本Cash flow 现金流Information flow 信息流Material flow 物料流Logistics 物流Lost sales 销售损失Market share 市场份额Production run 生产周期Mother-board 主板Hard disc 硬盘Chip 芯片Chassis （汽车）底盘Call center 呼叫中心OEM= original equipment manufacter 设备原产商，贴牌制造商Lean production 精益生产= stockless production 零库存生产= JIT= just-in-time production 准时制生产= continuous flow manufacture 连续流程生产PPM= piece per million 每百万件瑕疵率Continuous improvement= kaizen= kaizan 改善哲学Deming cycle= PDCA= plan-do-check-act 德明环ERP= enterprise resources planning 企业资源计划Scientific outlook 科学发展观No slack 无松懈，无容余Hi-fi= high fidelity 高保真Wi-fi= wireless fidelity 无线保真Operation manager 操作经理，运营经理Lead time 交付时间，订货到收货时间间隔Outsourcing= contracting out 外包Plant 工厂Subcontractor 承包商，分包商Economies of scale 规模经济Handling 搬运Depreciation 贬值Set-up 机器设置Obsolescence 过时，废弃Theft 盗窃，偷盗Breakage 破损Leakage 渗漏Under-utilizing 开工不足Defective 次品Quantity discount 大宗购买折扣Stimulate demand 刺激需求Sabotage 蓄意破坏Throughput 生产量，加工阶段Throughput time 输入到输出的加工阶段所需时间Product mix 产品组合Product line 产品系列，产品线Product range 产品范围QC department= quality department 质量部Knock-on 附带效果，间接影响，累积效果Knock-on effect 连续反应Circuit board 电路板Implant 植入Transplant 移植Refine process 完善Refinery 精炼厂TQM= Total quality management 全面质量管理Assembling 组装Distribute 分销Equipment 设备，（企业除了房产以外的）固定资产Facility 设备Joint venture 合资企业Location 位置，选址Operation 操作，运营Parts 零件Recall 召回Storage 贮藏（量）Work in process 正在进行的工作Unit 9 products产品Launch a product 发布产品Brand loyalty 品牌忠诚度Brand awareness 品牌知名度Brand preference 品牌偏爱度Brand switcher 转换不同牌子的人Product line 产品线Product line-up 全系列产品Product mix 产品组合（一种产品的不同形式）Product range 产品范围PLC= Product life cycle 产品生命周期Niche 缝隙Niche market 缝隙市场Line-stretching 产品线的扩展Line filling 产品系列的填补Market segment 细分市场Segmentation of the market 市场细分High-end market 高端市场Low-end market 低端市场Up-market 向高端市场Down-market 向低端市场Product image 产品形象Corporate image 公司形象Shelf life 货架期，存活期Sell-by date 销售期限Expiration date= expire date 产品有效期Eye-soreAround the clock 24小时营业Portion 一客Dehydrate 使脱水Shareholder= stockholder 股东Stakeholder 利益一致者，风险共担体制Logo 标志Slogan 口号Service station （高速公路旁的）服务站Desktop machine 台式机器Financing 融资Economics 经济情况，经济因素Color scheme 色彩主题，色彩搭配Credit facility 信用工具Warranty = guarantee 保修Maintenance 维修保养After-sales service 售后服务Brand name 品牌Brand 商标，牌子Shelf space 货架空位Product development 产品研发Profitability 利润率Vending machine 自动售货机Prototype 原型，雏形Augmented 扩张的Delivery 交货，交付Initiative 主动积极性Market share 市场份额，市场占有率Multi-brand strategy 多品牌策略Vandalize 蓄意损坏公物Retailer 零售商Colgate 高露洁Philips 飞利浦Procter & Gamble 宝洁Unilever 联合利华Yamaha 雅马哈Unit 10 marketing市场营销Marketing mix市场营销组合，营销要素组合= product+ promotion+ price+ placePromotion 促销= advertising+ word of mouth+ public relations+ point of saleMarketing= advertising 广告+ personal selling 人员推销+ sales promotion 促销+ publicity and public relations 宣传和公共关系Optional 选择（配置）Standard 标准（配置）Personal selling 人员推销Direct marketing 直销Direct mail 直邮Business market= producer market= industrial 商务市场，生产资料市场Consumer market 消费市场List price 标价= suggested retail price= recommended retail price 建议零售价Management consulting 管理咨询Tie range 领带系列Texture 质地Lycra 莱卡Take remedial action 采取补救措施Qualitative analysis 定性分析Quantitive research 定量分析Internal research 内部分析Raw/ primary/ first-hand data 一手数据Secondary/ second-hand data 二手数据Academic journal 学术期刊Trade journal 行业期刊Wine testing session 品酒会Sample v. 尝试，品尝Distribution channel 分销渠道，配送渠道Market research= marketing research 市场研究，市场调研Centrality 集中性Console 控制台Focus group 焦点小组Head office 公司总部Market opportunity 市场机会Integration 整合Marketer 营销人员Publicity 宣传Questionnaire 调查问卷Sales promotion 促销活动Selling 推销Target customer 目标顾客Hard-sell 硬性推销Market segmentation 市场细分Point of sale 销售点Product concept 产品概念Product features 产品功能Sales representative 销售代理B2B= business to business 企业对企业Selling concept 销售概念Marketing concept 行销概念Differential advantage 差异优势Integrated marketing 整合营销Discount 折扣Payment periodCredit terms 信用调侃Product manager 产品经理Brand manager 品牌经理Annual report 年报Unit11 advertising广告Advertising account 广告客户Advertising agent 广告公司Advertising campaign 广告宣传，广告攻势Brief 摘要Budget 预算Commercial 广播或电视广告Comparative-parity method 相对平等方法，比较奇偶方法Cost per thousand= CPM 每一千个成本Counter-cyclical advertising 非循环的广告Diminishing returns 收益递减Exposure 暴露Frequency 频率Institutional advertising 机构广告= prestige advertising 声望广告Media plan 媒体计划Media space 媒体空间Message 讯息，广告词OTS= opportunity to see 可见机会Prospective customer 潜在顾客Sales revenue 销售收入Sponsorship 赞助Target market 目标市场Threshold effect 门槛效应Turnover 流通量，营业额，周转Word-of-mouth advertising 口口相传，口碑Billboard = hoarding 广告牌Classified advertisement 分类广告Paid advertising 付费广告Advertising strategy 广告策略Poster 海报Purchasing frequency 购买平率Buyer turnover 新入场客户Match 追平Excessive advertising 过度广告Voiceover 画外音Unit12 promotional tools促销工具Promotion tools 促销工具= advertising 广告+ personal selling 人员推销+ sales promotion 提升销量+public relations 公共关系Brand awareness 品牌知名度Brand loyalty 品牌忠诚度Coupon 优惠券Introduction stage 引入期Growth stage 增长期，上升阶段Maturity stage 成熟期Decline stage 衰退期，下降阶段Loss leader 特价商品Planning 计划Positioning 定位Price-conscious 对价格敏感的Sales force 销售队伍Salespeople 售货员Sample 样品Trial 尝试Free trial 免费试用Publicity 宣传Paid advertising 付费广告Novel product 新产品Aim 指向Reduction 降价Rebate 回扣Promotional strategy 促销策略Promotional tactic 促销技巧Reduced-price pack 经济装Distributor 分销商Retailer 零售商Dealer 代理商Off-season 淡季Unit 13 accounting and financial statements 会计和财务报表Accountancy 会计师Accountant 会计师Accounting equation 会计恒等式Accounting 会计学Accrue 自然增加Accrued expenses 应计费用Accumulate 累计Amortization 摊销Annual report 年度报告Appreciate 增值Auditing 审计Bookkeeping 簿记Capitalization 资本化Cash flow 现金流Cost accounting 成本会计Creative accounting 粉饰财务状况Credit 信用，贷方Creditors债权人= accounts payable 应付账款Debit 借方Debt 债务Debtors债务人= accounts receivable 应收账款Depreciation 折旧Dividend 股息，红利Double-entry bookkeeping 复式簿记，复式记账法Earnings 收益Expenditure 支出，花费Expenses 费用，开支Financial statement 财务决算，财务报表Finished products 成品，产品Fixed assets 固定资产Current assets 流动资产Going concern 持续经营Goodwill 商誉Income 收益Interest 利息Long term liabilities 长期负债Current liabilities 流动负债，短期负债Managerial accounting 管理会计Market capitalization 市场资本化Nominal value 票面价值Market value 市场价值Quantify 量化Retained earnings 留存收益Revenue （销售）收入Self proprietorship 独资企业Shareholder= stockholder 股东Stock= inventory 库存Liability for tax 税务负担Transaction 交易Managerial accounting 管理会计Tax accounting 税务会计Cost accounting 成本会计Prepare budget 编制预算Financial report 财务报表Value v 定价Income & expenditure 收入和支出Debits & credits 借与贷Assets & liabilities 资产与负债Unit cost 单位成本Auditing 审计IRS= Internal Revenue Service 美国税务署Tax authority 税务局CPA= Certificated Public Accountant 注册会计师File a tax return 报税Income tax return 所得税表Income tax 所得税Sales tax 销售税Self-proprietorship 个体户Partnership 合伙，合股Tax break 减免税Turnover 销售收入，总收入Charged against profits 从利润中扣除On credit 赊账Overheads= overhead 固定费用Variable cost 可变成本Shareholder= stockholder 股东Pay liabilities 偿债Purchase price 购买价Depreciation charge 折旧费Understate 低估Overstate 高估Inflation 通货膨胀Deflation 通货紧缩Historical cost accounting 历史成本会计Net book value 净账面价值= purchase value – depreciation chargeCurrent cost accounting 时价会计Replacement cost accounting 重置成本会计Specify v. 规定Profit and loss account= income statement 损益表(shows earnings & expenditure, i.e. turnover+ costs+ expensed+ overheads )Balance sheet 资产负债表(shows financial situation on particular date, i.e. assets+ long-term & short-term liabilities+ shareholder’s funds)Financial year 财政年度Assets 资产= debtors/ accounts receivable + intangible assetsIntangible assets 无形资产=patents 专利+ goodwill 商誉+ copyrights 版权+ trade marks 商标Liabilities 负债=creditors/ account payableLong-term liabilities= loans 贷款+ bonds 债券Short-term liabilities=taxes+ interests 利息Assets=liabilities+ owners’ equity 资本主权，业主产权（股东对资产清偿所有债务之后剩余价值的所有权）Assets-liabilities= owners’ equity/ net as sets 净资产Share capital 股本，股份资本Share premium= paid-in surplus 股份溢价（超过股票票面价值的所得）Market capitalization 市场资本总值，市场资本总额Reserves 储量profit→taxation, dividend, retained profitFunds flow statement 资金流量表Source and application of funds statement 资金来源和应用表Statement of changes in financial position 财务状况变动报表Consolidated financial statement 合并财务报表IAS= International Accounting Standards 国际会计标准Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period 期初现金Net cash from operating activities 运营净现金Net profit 净利润Retained earnings 留存收益Non-current assets 非流动资产Pre-paid expenses 预付费用Treasury shares 回购股票Translation differences 折算差Deferred tax liabilities 递延税负债Interest-bearing liabilities 有息贷款VAT= value added tax 增值税Associated company 关联公司Minority interests 少数股权Proceeds 所得收入Unit 14 banking 银行业务Personal banking 个人银行业务Cash card 现金卡，借记卡Credit card 信用卡Cash dispenser= ATM= automatic teller machine 自动取款机，自动柜员机Home banking 家庭银行（网银+电话银行）Loan 贷款Mortgage 抵押贷款，按揭Overdraft= overdraw 透支Current account= checking account 活期账户Deposit account= time account= notice account 定期账户Standing order= direct debit 长期委托书The banking industry 银行业Commercial bank= retail bank 商业银行，零售银行Foreign currency 外币Foreign exchange 外汇Spread= margin 差额Credit 借贷Note 纸币Cheque= check 支票Coin 硬币Yield & risk 收益与风险Liquidity 资产流动性Maturity 到期Investment bank= merchant bank 投资银行Issue securities 发行证券Underwrite securities 包销，分销证券Merger 并购Takeover 收购，接管Stockbroker 股票经纪人Portfolio management 投资组合Fee and commission 佣金Universal bank 综合银行Central bank 中央银行Minimum interest rate 最低利率Discount rate 贴现利率Blue chip borrower 蓝筹公司Base rate= prime rate 基本利率Credit standing= credit rating= creditworthiness 信用评价Solvency 偿付能力Collateral 抵押品，担保物Foreign bank 外国银行，外资银行Eurocurrency 外国持有的欧洲货币Petrodollar 石油美元Unit 15 stocks and shares股票Unlimited liability 无限责任Limited liability 有限责任Creditor 债权人Legal entity 法律实体Wound up 中止Liquidate 清算Venture capital 风险投资Memorandum of Association= Certificate of Incorporation 公司执照Article of Association= bylaws 公司条令Director 董事Public listed company= listed company= Publicly quoted company上市公司Shareholder= stockholder 股东Registrar of companies 公司登记处Over-the-counter market 场外交易市场Alternative Investment Market (London) 另类投资市场NasdaqBe quoted= be listed 上市Stock exchange 股票交易所Issue share 发行股票First Public Offering =IPO=Make a flotation= float a company首次公开募股Investment bank 投资银行Underwrite the issue 包销Rights issue 权利股发行Capitalize 资本化Bonus issue 红股发行Annual General Meeting= Annual Meeting of Stockholders 股东年会Residual value 残留价值Liquidation 清算Secondary market 二级市场Nominal value= face value= par value 票面价值Share= stock= equity 股票Blue chip 蓝筹Defensive stock 防御性股票Growth stock 成长性股票Insider share-dealing 内部交易Institutional investor 机构投资者Mutual fund 互惠基金，互利基金Market-maker 造市商Portfolio 组合投资Stockbroker 股票经纪人Cyclical trend 周期性趋势Pension fund 养老基金Insurance company 保险公司Unit 16 bonds 债券Obligation 负债Opportunity cost 机会成本Issue bonds 发行债券Blue chip company 蓝筹公司Rate 评价，估值Rating company 评估公司Standard & Poors 标准普尔Investment grade 投资评级Bearer certificate 不记名债券Primary market 一级市场Secondary bond market 二级债券市场Liquid 变现的Par 面值Coupon 息票Debt financing 负债融资Equity financing 股票融资Tax shield 税收挡避Debt-equity ratio 负债与权益比率Receipts 收入Gilt-edged securities 金边证券Treasury bond 长期国库债券Short-term treasury bill 短期国库券Circulation 流通Redeem 赎回Convertible bond 可转换债券Junk bond 垃圾债券Unit 17 futures and derivativesFutures 期货交易，期货合约Financial asset 金融资产Option 期权Commodities 大宗商品Derivatives 衍生物Hedging 对冲，套期保值Speculation 投机(Write a) Call option 看涨期权Put option 看跌期权Discount store 打折店Spot market 现货市场Futures market 期货市场Forward contract 远期合约Premium 溢价Exchange rate 汇率Interest rate 利率London International Financial Futures Exchange=LIFFE 伦敦国际金融期货交易所Exercise price= strike price 执行价Swap 掉期Currency swap 外汇掉期Interest rate swap 利率掉期Preferential rate 优惠汇率Profit and loss account 损益表Securities and Exchange Commission=SEC 证券交易管理委员会International Swaps and Derivatives Association=ISDA 国际掉期与衍生物协会End user 最终用户Corporate governance 公司监管Stop-loss limit 止损点Scenario analysis 情景分析Sensitivity analysis 敏感度分析Front line personnel 一线人员Police vt. 监管Code of conduct 行为规范Unsolicited 主动提供的Shoot through the floor 涨疯了Unit 18 market structure and competitionDurable consumer goods 耐用消费品Market leader 市场领导者Market follower 市场跟从者Market challenger 市场挑战者Market share 市场份额Market segmentation 市场细分Differential advantage 差别又是Unique selling point=USP 独特卖点Submarket 刺激市场Potential customer 潜在客户Barrier to entry 进入门槛Cartel 卡特尔Dominant-firm oligopoly 寡头垄断Economies of scale 规模经济Monopolistic competition 垄断竞争Monopoly 垄断Monopsony 买家垄断Natural monopoly 自然垄断Oligopoly 寡头垄断Perfect competition 完全竞争Homogenous 同类的，同质的Public utility 公用事业Marginal cost 边际成本Unit 19 takeovers, mergers and buyoutsMergers and acquisition 并购Backward integration 向后合并Forward integration 向前合并Horizontal integration 横向合并Vertical integration 纵向合并Innovate 创造发明Diversify 多样化Raid 企图收购Takeover 收购出价Politics 权术，勾心斗角Optimum 最合适的Scanning electron microscope 扫描电子显微镜Craftsmanship 技术，技艺Leica 莱卡World-class player 世界级的玩家，世界级角色Rightsize 精简机构人员，合理简化On a day’s notice 提前一天通知On short notice 突然Leveraged buyouts=LBO 杠杆收购Management buyout= MBO 管理层收购Synergy 协同Asset-stripping 资产剥离Equity capital 股本Junk bond 垃圾债券UNIT 20 efficiency and employmentComputerization 计算机化Flexibility 灵活性Public services 公共服务Self-employment 自我雇佣Decentralization 分权Free trade 自由贸易Job-sharing 工作分享Rationalization 精简增效Deregulation 解除管制Productivity 生产效率Restructuring 重组Structural change 结构改变Welfare 福利Monetary policy 货币政策Private rent sector 私人租赁市场Downturn 下滑Recession 衰退Tenure 任期Downsizing 减员Agency employmentRhetoric 说辞Received wisdom 流行观点Unemployment benefit 失业救济Sack 解雇Job insecurity 工作不稳定性Employability 可雇佣性Structural unemployment 结构性失业Frictional unemployment 摩擦性失业Cyclical unemployment 周期性失业Structural shift 结构性改变Job retention rate 工作留用率UNIT 21 Business cycleClassical economic theory 古典经济理论Welfare capitalism 福利资本主义Vitality 活力Perfect competition 完全竞争，自由竞争Free enterprise 自由市场Well-being 幸福Unit 22 the role of governmentMarket forces 市场力量Health Department 卫生部National Health Service 全民医疗Undercurrent 潜流Good society 良性社会State action 国家行为Health care 医疗服务Underclass 底层The affluent 富人Planned economy 计划经济Central economic planning 中央经济规划Intervention 干预Coerce vt. 强迫Mortician 殡葬业者A host of 很多Dispose of 用掉，用光Industry 实业Department of Trade and Industry= DTI 贸易工业部Unit 23 central banking, money and taxationFiscal policy 财政政策Monetary policy 货币政策Open market operation 开放市场操作Bank run 挤兑Liquidity ratio 现金比率Branch of the government 政府部门Budgetary policy 预算政策Budget deficit 预算赤字US Federal Reserve 美联储Price stability 价格稳定，物价稳定Declare （海关）申报Levy tax at… 对……征税Income tax 所得税Direct tax 直接税Indirect tax 间接税Value-added tax 增值税Regressive tax 递减税Progressive tax 递增税Sales tax 销售税Capital gains tax 资本所得税Capital transfer tax 资本转移税Wealth tax 财富税Tax evasion 逃税，漏税Tax avoidance 避税Government expenditure 政府支出Excise duties 消费税，国内货物税Corporation tax 公司税Marginal rate 边际率Black economy= underground economy 黑色经济，地下经济，非法经济Moonlighting 兼差Self-employed 自雇Family firm 家庭企业Gross national production= GNP 国民生产总值Loophole 漏洞Life insurance人寿保险Tax shelter 减免税收合法手段Tax loss 负税亏损Capital expenditure 资本支出，基本建设费用Money laundering 洗钱Unit 24 exchange rates 外汇利率The Bretton Woods agreement 布雷顿森林体系Fixed exchange rate 固定利率Floating exchange rate 浮动利率Peg against 挂钩Promissory note 本票International Monetary Fund 国际货币基金组织Devaluation 贬值Revaluation 升值Gold convertibilityFreely/ clean floating exchange rate 清洁浮动利率Managed/ dirty floating exchange rate 管制/肮脏浮动利率。

剑桥商务英语证书考试常用词汇(打印版)

剑桥商务英语证书考试常用词汇(打印版)

剑桥商务英语证书考试常用词汇AAA3A等级(表示股票、债券、银行等资信可靠)A&P广告与宣传A1质量最好的；最好的abandon [4'b1nd4n]vt.放弃；终止abandonment[4'b1nd4nm4nt]n.放弃(权利或财产)；抛弃abate [4'beit]vt.降低；取消；减少vi.减少abatement [4'beitm4nt]n.降低，减少；(支付)冲销/注销；(法令等的)废除abeyance [4'bei4ns]n.终止；停止；失效abide [4'baid]vi.遵守；坚守ability [4'biliti]n.能力；能够；才智abnormal [1b'n3:m4l]adj.不正常的；异常的aboard [4'b3:d]adv.在船(或火车、汽车、飞机)上prep.在/向(船、飞机、车)上abode [4'b4ud]n.住所(法律用语)aboriginal [1b4'rid94n4l] adj.最早有的，原始的abortion [4'b3:54n]n.(计划、工程等的)中途失败/终止abortive [4'b3:tiv]adj.夭折的abound [4'baund]vi.富足；多产about [4'baut]prep.有关，关于；从事，忙于；adv.大约above [4'b8v]adj.上述的；prep.超过；adv.前文，上述abreast [4'brest]adj.(作表语)朝同方向并列的abroad [4'br3:d]adv.到国外，在国外abrogate ['1br4geit]vt.取消；废除abrupt [4'br8pt]adj.突然的absence ['1bs4ns]n.缺席；缺乏absenteeism [1bsn'ti:iz4m]n.旷工absolute ['1bs4lu:t]adj.绝对的；确实的absolve [4b'z3lv]vt.赦免；免除absorb [4b's3:b]vt.吞并，兼并，接管；承担；承受absorption [4b's3:p54n]n.合并；摘要；vt.做...摘要abundance [4'b8nd4ns]n.丰富；充裕abuse [4'bju:z]vt.滥用；n.滥用A.C.A注册会计师协会会员accede [4k'si:d]vi.答应；就职，就任accelerate [4k'sel4reit]vt.增加；加速；加快accept [4k'sept]vt.接受；答应；同意acceptable [4k'sept4b4l]adj.可接受的；受欢迎的acceptance [4k'sept4ns]n.承兑；认；付n.接受；同意acceptor [4k'sept4(r)]n.(票据的)承兑人access ['1kses]n.进入；接近vt.打入；进入accession [4k'se54n]n.添加，增加；同意；正式接收accessory [4k'ses4ri]n.附件，零件adj.附加的；附属的accident ['1ksid4nt]n.事故；意外因素accommodate [4'k3m4deit]vt.提供贷款；提供住宿；容纳accommodating[4'k3m4deiti6]adj.融通性的；调节性的accommodation[4`k3m4'dei54n]n.通融；短期的贷款；住所；住处accompany [4'k8mp4ni]vt.陪同；伴随accomplish [4'k8mpli5]vt.完成(任务)；实现(计划、目的)accordance [4'k3:d4ns]n.一致；符合according [4'k3:di6]adv.根据；按照accordingly [4'k3:di6li]adv.按照；相应地；因此account [4'kaunt]vt.认；为vi.说明，解释(是...的原因)；共计达；n.账目；账户；客户accountability[4`kaut4'bil4ti]n.负有责任，应作解释accountable [4'kaunt4b4l] adj.负有责任的；应作解释的accountant [4'kaunt4nt]n.会计；财会人员accountancy [4'kaunt4nsi] n.会计工作，会计师学account executive账户管理员；营业经理；客户账目经理accounting [4'kaunti6]n.(美)会计；(英)结账；核算；决算accredited [4'kreditid] adj.被认可的；委派的；合格的accrual [4'kr4:4l]n.积累；应计额accruement [4'kru:m4nt] n.(=accrual)获利, 利息, 自然增长accrue [4'kru:]vi.自然增长；自然增值vt.获得accumulate [4'kju:mjuleit] vt.积累vi.累积accurate ['1kjur4t]adj.准确的；精确的accuse [4'kju:z]vt.指责；指控；vi.职责；指控ace-lift ['eis'lift]n.(商店，产品等)面目翻新acknowledge [4k'n3lid9] vt.告知已收到，承认acknowledgement[4k'n3lid9m4nt]n.收到的通知；承认；感谢的表示acquaint [4'kweint]vt.使熟悉；使了解acquaintance [4'kweint4ns]n.熟悉；熟人acquire [4'kwai4]vt.买；获得acquisition [`1kwi'zi54n]n.获得；新购进的物品acquit [4'kwit]vt.清偿(债务)；宣判...无罪acquittance [4'kwit4ns]n.债务豁免书；债务清偿acre ['eik4]n.英亩(=6.07亩或4047平方米)acres ['eik4z]n.土地；地产；大量across-the-board[4'kr3s`04'b3:d]adj.普遍的；包括一切的adv.普遍地act [1kt]n.法令；条例；行为vt.干...的事vi.行动acting ['1kti6]adj.(暂时)代理的Action ['1k54n]n.诉讼；行为；行动active ['1ktiv]adj.买卖活跃的；灵敏的activity [1k'tiviti]n.活动；所做的事(常用复数)；活动性actual ['1kt5u4l]n.现货adj.实际的；现实的actuary ['1ktju4ri]n.精算师Ad ['ei'di]n.广告(等于advertisement)adapt [4'd1pt]vt.使适应add [1d]vt.加；增加vi.增添addition [4'di54n]n.增加；增加的部分additional [4'di54n4l]adj.附加的；追加的；另外的add-on ['1d3n]n.增加的数目、数量等address [4'dres]vt.委托；写地址于...；称呼；对...正式讲话n.通讯处；地址addressee [`1dre'si:]n.收件人；收信人；(信用证)抬头人，收件人adept ['1dept]adj.熟练的；内行的n.能手，内行adequate ['1d4kw4t]adj.足够的，充分的；胜任的adhere [4d'hi4]vi.坚持；遵守adjourn [4'd94:n]vt.使...推迟vi.休会adjournment [4'd94:nm4nt]n.休庭；休会adjust [4'd98st]vt.理算；调整；修正adjuster [4'd98st4(r)]n.(产品的)检验员；装配工；(保险的)理算员adjustment [4'd98stm4nt]n.调节；理算；适应.调整adman ['1d`m1n]n.广告员(有时作广告部经理解)admass ['1dm1s]n.广告泛滥administer [4d'minist4]n.& vt.管理；执行；实施administration[4d`minis'trei54n]n.管理；执行administrative[4d'ministr4tiv]adj.行政的；管理的administrator[4d'ministreit4]n.(为他人管理业务、财产的)管理人；行政管理人员admission [4d'mi54n]n.承认；允许进入admit [4d'mit]vt.允许进入；接纳；承认vi.通往；允许；容纳有adopt [4'd3pt]vt.采纳；通过adulteration[4`d8lt4'rei54n]n.掺假，掺杂ad valorem(拉)(对商品征税而言)按照价值的；从价的advance [4d'v2:ns]vt.预支钱；提前；提出；提升vi.增加；提升n.预付款；增长adj.提前的advanced [4d'v2:nst]adj.先进的；预先的advantage [4d'v2:ntid9]n.优点；优势；收益vt.有利于vi.有利adventure [4d'vent54]n.商业投机；运务期adverse ['1dv4:s]adj.不利的；相反的advert ['1dv4:t]n.广告advertise ['1dv4taiz]vt.做广告vi.登广告advertisement[4d'v4:tism4nt]n.广告，做广告advertisement boarding广告牌advertising ['1dv4taizi6]n.广告业；广告(总称)advertorial [`1dv4't3:ri4l]n.社论式广告(指常作为杂志中心插页的正式广告文字)advice [4d'vais]n.通知单；通知书；通知；商业消息advisable [4d'vaiz4bl]adj.适宜的；可取的advise [4d'vaiz]vt.通知；建议vi.通知advisory [4d'vaiz4ri]adj.咨询的n.建议；报道advocate ['1dv4kit]vt.倡导；主张n.辩护律师affair [4'fe4]n.事态；情况；事务affect [4'fekt]vt.影响；感动affiliate [4'filieit]vt.与...有联系；联系；接纳为分支机构affiliation [4`fili'ei54n]n.联系；从属关系；联营公司affirm [4'f4:m]vt.证实；批准；确定vi.断言affirmation [1f4'mei5(4)n]n.断言；证实；批准affix [4'fiks]vt.(尤指在末尾)添上；附上(签名等)；盖章n.附加物；附件affluent ['1flu4nt]adj.富裕的；富足的afford [4'f3:d]vt.买得起；负担得起；(指事物)供给；给予；经得起affordable [4'f3:d4bl]adj.负担得起的affreight [4'freit]vt.租船运输affreightment [4'freitm4nt]n.租船运输afloat [4'fl4ut]adj.(在经济上)应付自如的；在船上的aforementioned[4'f3:`men54nd]adj.前文提到的(常用于法律文件)aforesaid [4'f3:sed]adj.上述的(常用于法律文献)after ['2:ft4]prep.在...之后；因为adj.以后的after-care ['2:ft4'ke4]adj.售后服务的afterclap ['2:ft4kl1p]n.意外后果afterdate ['2:ft4deit]出票后(汇票用语，表示在签发后若干天付款)after-hour price(证券)收盘后交易的证券价aftermarket ['2:ft4'm2:kit]n.二级市场after-sales ['2:ft4`seilz] n.售后against [4'genst]prep.对换；防备；对比ageism ['eid9iz4m]n.年龄歧视agency [eid94nsi]n.代理机构；代理agenda [4'd9end4]n.议事日程；日程；记事册agendize [4'd9endaiz]vt.将...列入议程agent ['eid94nt]vt.由...代理；由...作中介n.代理人；代理商aggregate ['1grigeit]n.总计vt.总计达adj.总的aggressive [4'gresiv]adj.过分的；放肆的；有进取心的agio ['1d9i4u]n.(纸币兑换硬币或一种货币兑换另一种币值较高货币的)贴水；贴汇业务；(外国汇票的)贴现。

剑桥商务英语初级词汇

剑桥商务英语初级词汇

Module 11.1business n. 工商企业；商行；商业technique n. 技巧cross-culture adj.跨文化的Internet n.因特网，国际互联网presentation n.口头报告；陈述；表达public speaking 演说，演讲consultant n. 参谋consultancy n. 咨询公司run(courses/workshops) vt. 开办〔课程/讲习班〕one-to-one 一对一的accredited adj. 公认的motivational adj. 激发积极性的client n. 客户entertaining adj. 有趣的，使人愉快的professional adj. 专业的，职业的involve vt. 包含；需要；使成为必要局部responsibility n. 责任；所负责的事情be responsible for sb./sth. 对某人/某事负责title n. 头衔〔如将军、博士、伯爵〕；职称〔如医生，教授〕sample n. 样品；使用产品account n. 账目；账户correspondence n. 〔往来的〕信件badge n. 徽章identify vt. 发现；确定catering service 餐饮效劳MD managing director的缩写，总经理，执行董事gadget n. 小巧的器械；小玩意儿interior n. 车内产品；内部装饰memo n. 备忘录；便条，便笺electrical appliances 电器，家用电器ship vt. 运送Power Point (用于设计制作专家报告、教师授课、产品演示、广告宣传的)电子版幻灯片，制作的演示文稿可以通过计算机屏幕或投影机播放bonus n. 奖金catalogue n. 产品目录positive adj. 积极乐观的presence n. 仪态，风度，风采diary n. 记事簿专有名词Athens n. 雅典〔希腊首都〕1.2 division n. 分理处，部门colleague n. 同事profile n. 传略，人物简介；概况questionnaire n. 问卷，调查表interview n. 采访；面试single adj. 单身的，未婚的musicial instrument 乐器file n. 档案，文件destination n. 目的地follow-up questions 后续问题，补充问题swap vt. 交换electronics n. 电子学；电子器件varied adj. 多变化的，各不相同的confectionary adj. 糖果的，有关甜食制造的annual adj. 每年的，年度的allocate vt. 分配，分派candidate n. 候选人criterion n. 标准，准那么，〔复数〕criteriaPhotocopiable activities 附加练习〔1.1，1.2〕write instructions for in-company softwareapplications 为公司内部软件写应用说明do martial arts 练习武术financial controller 财务总监give authorization 授权quality assurance manager 质量保证部门经理petrol station 加油站office administrator 办公室行政人员deputy manager 副经理raw ingredient 此处指食品原料finished product 成品专有名词Stockholm 斯德哥尔摩〔瑞典首都〕Vancouver 温哥华〔加拿大西海岸城市〕Dublin 都柏林〔爱尔兰共和国首都〕Module 22.1be in progress 在进行中，在运行中project n. 工程，工程garden vi.&vt. 种植或修整花园，从事园艺工作update vt. 更新construction n. 建筑，建筑物apart from 除了……之外minor adj. 较小的，次要的proceed vi. 进行，继续下去panorama n. 全景，全景画management team 管理团队take shape 成形ahead of schedule 提前于预定方案financial report 财务报告temp n. 临时雇员help out 帮助〔某人〕解决困难CEO chief executive officer的缩写，首席执行官CFO chief financial officer的缩写，财务总监give a presentation of 对……做陈述launch vt. 开始，开办，推出photocopy vt.&n. 影印，复印branch n. 分部，分店，分公司marketing manager 市场营销经理project manager 工程经理subcontractor n. 转包商period of transition 过渡期permanent job 永久性工作temporary employment agency 临时就业中介机构try out 测试，试用take maternity leave 休产假option n. 选择，可选择的方法career field 职业领域existing skills 现有的技能supervisor n. 主管，监督人temporary job 临时工作ask for a pay rise 要求涨工资meet one’s target 完成指标，完成定额sack vt. 解雇administration work 行政管理工作专有名词Brazil 巴西〔南美洲国家〕Lisbon 里斯本〔葡萄牙首都〕Belem 贝伦〔巴西东北部港口城市〕Fortaleza 福塔雷萨〔巴西东北部港口城市〕Valencia 巴伦西亚〔西班牙港口城市〕Montpellier 蒙彼利埃〔法国南部城市〕2.2Making arrangements 词语准备make arrangements 做安排，做准备plant n. 工厂，车间take time off 抽出一局部时间，休假，休息finance director 财务经理confirm vt. 确定，确认reception n. 接待，接待处，招待会trade fair 交易会，展销会present vt. 介绍，引见potential client 潜在的〔准〕客户quality inspector 质检人员job applicant 求职者festival n. 节日self-employed adj. 自己经营的，个体的，自雇的accept an invitation 接受邀请special reception 特别招待会anniversary n. 周年纪念venue n. 会场，会议地点attendance n. 出席，出席的人数专有名词Prague 布拉格〔捷克斯洛伐克首都〕Morpeth 莫派斯〔位于英国诺森伯兰郡〕Helsinki 赫尔辛基〔芬兰首都〕Buenos Aires 布宜诺斯艾利斯〔阿根廷首都〕T oronto 多伦多〔加拿大主要城市〕Sydney 悉尼〔澳大利亚东南部港口城市，新南威尔士州首府〕Photocopiable activities 附加练习〔2.1，2.2〕词语准备spot vt. 认出，发现odd adj. 奇怪的，乖僻的in-tray n. 〔办公室使用的〕公文格，收件篮pyjamas n. 睡衣，宽长裤do yoga 做瑜伽filing cabinet 档案橱柜picnic blanket 野餐用地毯cuddle vi.&vt. 拥抱swivel chair 转椅make an excuse 编借口，找理由head of department 部门领导staff training 员工培训do stock-taking 清查存货attend new product launch 出席新产品推介会sales targets 销售指标PA abbr. Personal assistant的缩写，私人助理back up computer files 备份电脑文件inspect new branch premises 视察分公司新办公楼hand in resignation 递交辞呈local gallery 地方美术馆Module 33.1Biography n. 形成，成长和衰亡的记载〔或历史〕；传记fast food restaurant 快餐店transform vt. 转换，改变，改造global business 跨国企业original adj. 最初的，原始的franchise n.&vt. 特许经销权；给……以特许feature n.&vt. 是……的特色，以……为特色French fries 炸土豆条softdrink 软饮料；汽水milkshake 奶昔，泡沫牛奶〔将牛奶和冰淇淋等混合后搅打至起泡的饮料〕purchase n.&vi.&vt. 买，购置multimixer n. 多用混合器，多用混合机exclusive distributor 独家批发商open vi.&vt. 开设，开办，开张expand vi.&vt. 扩大，扩张corporation n. 公司，企业cosmetic n. 〔一般用复数cosmetics〕化装品inspire vt. 激发，启示，使生灵感philosophy n. 哲学revolutionary adj. 革命的raw material 原材料supplier n. 供给者，厂商ethical adj. 伦理的；道德的travel agency 旅行社contract vt. 订契约，立合同n. 契约，合同take delivery of 收〔货〕，提取〔货物〕merge vi.&vt. 〔公司、企业等的〕合并fleet n. 舰队〔尤指有固定活动地区的舰队〕budget airline 低价航空公司go public 上市，公开出售股票business partner 生意伙伴，商业伙伴entrepreneurial adj. 企业家的freelancer n. 自由职业者，自由撰写人dot millionaire 网络百万富翁〔靠成立网络公司或网络营销等发家〕celebrity n. 名人entrepreneur n. 企业家专有名词Kuwait City 科威特城〔中东国家科威特首都〕San Bernardino 圣贝纳迪诺〔美国加利福尼亚州东南部的一个县〕Illinois 伊利诺斯州〔美国中北部州〕3.2Business Skills Company performance 词语准备performance n. 业绩，成绩；性能distribute vt. 配送，分发，分送record profit 历史最高利润vegetarian n. 素食者adj. 素食的organic adj. (粮食)不靠化肥生长的，施用有机肥料的ingredient n. 配料；成分nutritious adj. 有营养成分的，营养的improve one’s image 改善形象banquet n. 宴会manufacturer n. 制造业者，厂商guarantee vt. 保证，担保symbol n. 象征，符号，记号innovative adj. 创新的，革新的sport utility vehicle 运动型多用途车component n. 成分optical instrument 光学仪器validation n. 〔可靠性〕检测certify vt. 证明，保证application n. 应用，运用assurance n. 保证，担保；确信，断言founder n. 创始人，奠基人turnover n. 营业额dramatically adv. 戏剧地；引人注目地advertise vi.&vt. 做广告，登广告annual report 年终报告，年终总结share price 股票价格proactive adj. 积极的，主动的dedicated adj. 专注的，献身的unique adj. 唯一的，独特的access n. 接近〔进入〕的时机；接近〔进入〕的权利；如入口consolidate vi.&vt. 稳固brochure n. 小册子in this respect 在这个方面，在这个细节maximum n. 最大量，最大限度，极大Photocopiable activities 附加练习〔3.1，3.2〕词语准备coach n. 长途巴士vinyl record 乙烯基唱片〔最早出现于20世纪30年代〕record label 唱片公司company value 公司价值airfare n. 飞机票价market share 市场份额supermarket chain 连锁超市financial services 金融效劳insurance n. 保险credit card 信用卡personal banking services 个人银行业务market stall 市场货摊vehicle n. 交通工具，车辆take over 接收，接管retailer n. 零售商self-service store 自助商店annual sales 年销售额hypermarket 大型超级市场，特级市场carbon footprint 碳足迹〔指一个人的能源意识和行为对自然界产生的影响〕Module 44.1import n. vi.&vt.进口export n.vi.&vt.出口competitor n.竞争对手wholesaler n.批发商warehouse n. 仓库audio product 音响产品ban n.&vt.禁令fashion industry crisis 服装行业危机bankrupt adj.破产了的a modest life 朴实无华的生活accommodation n.住处；膳宿get starter 开始source of income 收入来源olive n.橄榄farm produce n.农产品business contact 生意场的熟人/关系deal in 经营make enquiries 询问record shop 音像店human resource 人力资源HR manager 人力资源经理photography exhibition n.摄影展accountancy job 会计工作passion n.激情，热情competitive adj .竞争的give up sth. all together完全放弃某东西professional photographer 职业摄影师portrait n.肖像，人像studio n.照相室；画室；工作室；演播室；摄影场reflect on 有损声誉，招来非议teleconference n.远程会议4.2printer cartridges 打印机墨盒description n.种类，性质；描述pass the message on to 把留言转给···complaint n.投诉cancel vt.取消extension number 分机号码pharmaceuticals n.医药用品budget n.预算plasma screen TV 等离子电视freight forwarder 货运商distributor n.发行人，销售商container n.集装箱production manager 生产经理，厂长Module 55.1stock broker 股票经纪人，证券经纪人London Stock Exchange 伦敦证券交易所bank account 银行存款bankrupt adj.破产了的a modest life 朴实无华的生活accommodation n.住处；膳宿get starter 开始source of income 收入来源olive n.橄榄farm produce n.农产品business contact 生意场的熟人/关系deal in 经营make enquiries 询问record shop 音像店human resource 人力资源HR manager 人力资源经理photography exhibition n.摄影展accountancy job 会计工作passion n.激情，热情competitive adj .竞争的give up sth. all together完全放弃某东西professional photographer 职业摄影师portrait n.肖像，人像studio n.照相室；画室；工作室；演播室；摄影场5.2design office 设计室book cover 书的封面printer n.印刷商；印刷工；打印机quotation n.报价in full colour 用彩色in black and white 用黑白色a full progress report详细的进展报告refer to 参考，查阅，查看book fair 书展a series of 一系列Italian n. 意大利人；意大利语adj意大利的，意大利语的.coincidence n.巧合，巧事move n.行动；步骤；措施；方法consolidate one’s strong position 稳固某人的强势地位removal company 搬运公司stationery 文具，信纸keep sb. up-to-date 使某人信息灵通utility n.公共事业；公用事业设备；公用事业公司bank loan 银行贷款paperwork 日常文书工作loan application 贷款申请additive n.添加剂flavor n.味道，滋味，香味on a small scale 小规模café小餐馆；饮食摊；咖啡馆snack bar 快餐柜，小吃店outlet n.商店；市场；销路strawberry n.草莓pear n.梨子mango n.芒果take on 雇用meet demand满足需求health club 健身俱乐部be in business做生意5.3poster n.海报，招贴office equipment 办公设备prefabricated hut 预制营房，活动房pharmaceutical company制药公司previous adj.在先的，在前的，以前的disastrous full 损失沉重的一跌reach the highest level 到达最高水平Module 66.1passport n.护照pilot n.飞行员take off 起飞business/economy class 商务舱/经济舱first class 一等舱check in 办理登记手续air traffic controller 空中交通管理员baggage handler 行李员boarding pass 登机牌flight attendant 空姐；空乘人员identity card 身份证return ticket 往返票，回程票single ticket 单程票overbook vt.预定超额buffet n.自助餐cause chaos 引起混乱lounge n.候机室pay an excess charge 额外付费consumer help section 消费者效劳栏目in-flight adj.机上的；在飞行中的airline representative航空公司代表confirmation email 确认信，确认函ask sb. for a refund 要求退款charge sb.向某人收费follow-up letter 追踪信件，后续信件fraud n.诈骗，欺骗credit card fraud 信用卡诈骗amenity n.便利设备direct-dial telephone直拨jacuzzi n.水流按摩浴缸room service 〔旅馆等处送餐到客人房间的〕客房用餐效劳air-conditioning 空调设备Internet connection 网络连接hair dyer 电吹风conference equipment 会议设备fitness room 健身房laundry service 干洗效劳luxury n.豪华master suite 主套房junior suite 普通套房contemporary cuisine 现代烹饪wine list 酒类一览表nine-hole golf course 九洞高尔夫球场concierge n.接待员，管理员broadband access 宽带接口complimentary newspaper 免费报纸provisional adj.临时的，暂定的quote vt.报价chambermaid n.客房女效劳员porter n.行李员laptop n.笔记本电脑express n.特快列车dispute n.纷争，纠纷travel agent 旅行代办人divert to 转移，转向6.3dental adj.牙齿的technician n.技术员，技师internal communication 内部沟通ISO International Organization for Standardization的缩写，国际标准化组织inspector n.检查员，巡视员ensure vt.保证，担保make alterations做修改punctuation n.标点，标点符号Module77.1testimonial. n.证明书，推荐书refer to 提到，谈到remote control vt. 遥控，遥控装置install vt. 安装，安置adjust vt. 调整，调节，使适合personal preference 个人偏好characteristic n. 特性，特征non-peak 非顶峰期electricity rate 电价energy conservation n. 能源的节约switch lights on and off 开关电灯burglar n. 夜盗fire brigade n. 消防队cell phonewatering system 浇水装置be away on holiday 去度假maintenance n. 维护calculate vi&vt. 计算fax n.&vt.photocopier n. 机pen drive U盘笔PDA Personal Digital Assistant 的缩写，个人数字助理skype n. 语音即时聊天软件scanner n. 扫描器，扫描仪laser printer n. 激光打印机clientele n. 顾客，主顾submarine n. 潜水艇，潜艇average family 普通家庭running cost 运转费live show 现场直播的表演estimate vi&vt 估计，估价exclusive hotel 高档旅馆value for money 性价比，物有所值academic reputation 学术声誉tuition fee n. 学费curriculum n. 〔学校的全部〕课程lecturer n. 讲课者，讲师percentage of graduates in work 毕业生就业率proximity n. 接近per annum adv. 每年executive position 管理岗位quality of the teaching 教学质量flexibility n. 弹性，机动性career preparation 职业准备share second place with…与····并列第二availability of subjects 开设/提供的课程7.2possession n. 所有物，财产italics n. 斜体；斜体字triangle n. 三角形rectangular adj. 长方形的；矩形的oval n.&adj. 椭圆〔的〕circular adj. 圆形的，循环的semicircle n. 半圆形length n. 长，长度width n. 宽，宽度height n. 高，高度depth n. 深，深度weight n. 重量LCD monitor LCD 是Liquid Crystal Display 的缩写，液晶显示器diameter n. 直径finish n. 末道漆grey metal 金属灰inflatable adj. 充气的，膨胀的rental n. 租金额，租金收入euro n. 欧元provider n. 供给者，供给者landline n. 陆上电线broadband connection 宽带连接dial-up connection 拨号连接technical support 技术支持Internet service user 互联网用户Consumer Protection Office 保护消费者权益办公室monthly charge 月收费，月租non-existent adj. 不存在的courier company n. 快递公司package n. 一整套东西；一揽子交易mobile adj. 移动的custom n. 惠顾；习惯，风俗billing period 付账期special offer 特价penalty n. 处分，罚款feedback n.反应7.3exercise equipment 运动器械domestic market 国内市场the local press 当地媒体drawer n. 抽屉red wood 〔木质为红色的〕红树；红树木材Module 88.1 graffiti n. 涂鸦，乱涂乱画graffiti-resistant adj. 抗涂鸦的vandal n. 成心破坏公共财产者property n. 特性；特质be dedicated to 专门用于carry out 执行，贯彻automatically adv. 自动地show…around…带着某人参观···vandalise vt. 摧残，破坏deface vt. 破坏外观，丑化maintenance staff 维护人员，维修人员automate vi&vt. 使自动化output n. 产量demand n. 需求assembly line 生产线，流水线work at full capacity 满负荷工作，以全部力量工作buyer’s market 买方市场exceed vt. 超出loading bay 装卸平台Inventory n. 货物清单stock n. 库存，存货defect n. 缺点，缺陷eliminate vt. 消除，铲除adopt vt. 采用，采纳；收养key features 主要特征；特色principle n. 原那么；原理8.2solution n. 解决方法mechanism n. 机制voicemail n. 电子语音邮件petrol n. 汽油〔英〕diesel n. 柴油optical cell 光电仪器barcode scanner 条码扫描仪pager n. 寻呼机smoke detector/alarm 烟雾探测器closed circuit television 闭路电视disposable cup 一次性杯子lid n. 盖子；被盖smart adj. 巧妙的；聪明的temperature-sensitive adj. 对温度敏感的anti-virus program 防病毒软件production targets 生产指标be compatible with 与···兼容；一致log on (to) 登录电脑；注册customer service 客户效劳break into 破门而入go out of business 歇业，停业keep crashing 指电脑系统出故障be off sick with flu 得流感请病假kiln n. 〔砖，石灰等的〕窑，炉；枯燥炉plant manager 工厂经理，厂长ceramic adj. 陶瓷制品的meet quality standard 符合质量标准fuel n. 燃料sign a contract 签一份合同8.3reliable adj. 可靠地，可信赖的recommendation n.推荐departure time起飞时间in-flight service 机上效劳joint decision 共同决定scenario n. 场景，情景cashier n. 出纳员administrator n. 管理员，行政官branch manager 分行经理，分公司经理security guard 警卫，保安foreign exchange department 外汇Module 99.1prototype n.原型；样品，样本norm n. 标准，标准exhaust emission 废弃排放hybrid n&adj. 杂交〔的〕，混血儿〔的〕，混种〔的〕hydrogen n. 氢power generator 发电机alternative n. 二者择一，可供选择的方法/事物car-oriented lifestyle 以车为主的生活方式trial version 试验品，试用品prediction n. 预测tram n. 有轨电车occupant n. 占有者，所有者；文中指坐车者public transport 公共交通solar panel 太阳能电池板joint venture 合资企业state-of-the-art technology 最先进的/最优良的技术electricity generation plant 发电厂withdraw vt. 撤离，退出strategy n. 策略，战略stabilize vi&vt.使稳定，保持···稳定geographical adj. 地理学的，地理的make a correct assessment 正确评估analysis n. 分析external factor adj. 外部因素mutual benefit 互惠，互利foreign exchange transaction 外汇交易，外汇业务relevant Chinese laws 相关的中国法律a rise in the demand 需求的增长low cost electricity 低价电tax rate 税率viable adj. 可行的with a view to 着眼于，以···为目的，考虑到appropriate adj. 适当的legal adj. 法律的，法定的，合法的environmental adj.周围的，环境的private property 私有财产comment n.&vi. 评论Unpredictable adj. 不可预知的Implication n.含意，暗示；行动、决定等可能产生的影响With regard to 关于9.2tropical adj. 热带的hit by a hurricane 受飓风袭击sweep across 横扫crane operator 起重机驾驶员structural damage 结构损坏power and communications lines 电线和通讯线路telephone line 线road and rail links 公路和铁路线disrupt vt. 使中断，使陷于混乱，破坏restore vt.恢复，修复，重建key sector 关键部门subsidiary n. 子公司handle a crisis n. 处理危机on the night shift 上夜班evacuate vt. 疏散，撤出emergency meeting 紧急会议machinery n. 〔总称〕机器，机械cut off 切断；隔离give sb. an update 通告某人最新消息/情况action point 行动要点collapse n.&vi. 倒塌，崩溃，瓦解retail sector 零售部门interest rate 利率allegation n.指控financial malpractice 财务舞弊poultry industry n.家禽业chaos n.混乱，混沌typical adj.典型的point of contact 联络人podcast iPod+broadcast 演化而来，播客〔是个人通过互联网发布信息的方式，以音频和视频信息为主〕headline n. 〔报纸的〕大字标题take a hard look at sth. 密切注视某事务appoint vt. 任命，委任spokesperson n.发言人，代言人，辩护士panic n.&vi. 惊慌，恐慌compassion n. 同情，怜悯brand image 品牌形象agenda n. 议程move on 继续food poisoning 食物中毒specialist catering magazine 专业餐饮杂志review n.&vt. 评论blog weblog 〔网络日志〕的简称，博客〔是个人通过互联网发布信息的方式，以文字和图片信息为主〕spill n.&vt. 溢出，溅出，散落，使流出main course 主菜steak tartar(e) 〔伴有洋葱、鸡蛋等供生吃的〕鞑靼牛排lamb shop 小羊排dessert n. 餐后甜点things go from bad to worse 情况越来越糟apologise for sth. 为某事抱歉accept full responsibility 承当全部责任9.3collateral n. 担保品，抵押品under-used adj. 未充分利用的；使用不当的deposit n&vt. 存款poverty n.贫穷，贫困rural area 农村地区ute vi.〔乘公共汽车、火车或船〕往来〔于工作地点和住所之间〕，通勤middle management 中层管理人员discipline n.分心，分心的事物distraction n.孟加拉国〔亚洲国家〕Module 1010.1portfolio n.组合full-time education 全日教育，脱产教育people in jobs 在职员工education in the workplace 在职教育prioritise vt. 把···区分优先次序innovation n. 革新，创新mind gymnastics 思维训练profitability n.收益性qualification n. 资格；资格证书expertise n.专家的意见；专业技术seminar n.研讨会；研修班semester course 学期课程e-learning n.网络学习lecture theatre 报告厅leadership n.领导才能brain power 智能Sudoku n.数独游戏cross word puzzle 填字游戏tuna .n. 金枪鱼salmon n. 鲑鱼vice versa adv. 反之亦然charismatic adj.有魅力或领袖气质的authoritative adj.有权威的organized adj.有条理的understanding adj.善解人意的leadership potential 领导潜能resolve disagreement 解决分歧take responsibility for 对···负责任inspiring adj.鼓励人心的agree on 对···取得一致意见10.2conference n. 会议keynote speaker 主发言人new venture 新企业，新工程multi-sectorial event 行业集会，聚会10.3business correspondence 商业信函catering company 餐饮公司top quality 品质上乘corporate event 公司活动specialize in 擅长于；专政discount n. 折扣faulty adj. 有缺点的，有毛病的acknowledge vt. 答谢Module 1111.1health and safety signs 健康与平安标志first aid 急救high voltage 高电压in case of 假设，万一elevator n. 电梯commence vi&vt. 开始，着手Fire alarm call point 火警呼叫按钮assembly point 集合处hazard n. 危险，冒险的事hallway n.走廊gymnastic room adj. 体操房；健身房rowing machine 划船练习架locker room 更衣室；衣物间assorted video games 各式各样的电子游戏baby grand piano 小型卧式钢琴pool table 台球台，桌球台snack room 点心室cereal n.谷类视频，谷类toffee n.太妃糖yoghurt n.酸乳酪cappuccino n.热牛奶咖啡density n.密度densely packed密集的university campus 大学校园suburban office park adj.郊区办公园区11.2slip n.&vi.滑落，滑倒get stuck 被卡住，被夹住cartridge n.墨水盒accident report form 事故报告单lose one’s balance 失去平衡hit sb. on the head 砸在头上hurt oneself badly 严重受伤a small cut 小伤口cupboard n. 橱柜，碗碟柜a member of staff 一名员工carry out the following checks 进行以下检查health and safety awareness 健康与平安意识computerize= computerize vt. 用计算机处理，使计算机化maintenance man 维修人员sort vt. 分类theme park 主题公园safety record 平安记录safety inspection 平安检查category n. 种类，类别burger bar 汉堡包柜台heart attack 心脏病发作roller coaster 过山车safety lock 保险锁pregnant adj.怀孕的heart exhaustion 中暑衰竭〔指轻度中暑〕dehydration n.脱水choke vi&vt.窒息，哽住，使呼吸困难aquarium 水族馆dolphin n.海豚bruise n.&vi.&vt.瘀伤，擦伤，打伤，装上arm band 臂带microchip 微芯片barrier 〔阻碍通道的〕障碍物；栅栏，屏障restriction n.限制，约束designate vt.指明，指出leaflet 传单entry ticker门票summarise=summarize vi.&vt. 概述，总结11.3cut waste 减少浪费reduce costs 削减开支work procedures 工作程序water onsumption 水消费Module 12.实用文档..job satisfaction 工作满意度 promotion n. 晋升flexible hours 弹性工作时间 unemployment n.事业 lottery n.彩票sponsor n. 赞助商；保证人 migrant n.移民，移居者 survey n.调查recruitment agency 招聘公司 exploitation n. 剥削；利用 positive attitude 肯定的态度PR Public Relations 的缩写，公共关系 nationality n.国籍 vacancy n.空缺的职位accounts department 会计部门 rumour n.谣言；传说win a large export contract 订了一份大单的出口合同 production capacity 生产能力 luxury cruise ship 豪华游轮12.2public relations coordinator 公共关系协调员 dynamic adj. 充满活力的 be fluent in 能说流利的··· PR strategies 公关策略 product launch 产品推介会 media exposure 媒体暴露covering letter 说明信，求职信 degree n.学位recruitment n. 招聘 text type 文本类型 attachment n. 附件enclosure n.附件；封入信封之物 be attentive to 专心致志于administrative adj. 管理的，行政的well-qulified adj. 有良好资格的；有很好资历的 well-oraganised adj. 有良好条理的 variety n. 多样性 weak point 弱点follow-up n.追踪调查12.3cloze test 完形填空 global market 全球市场 使成为一体，把···和···结合起来 diversity n. 多样性 label n.标签，标志play a key role 起到关键作用 identity n. 身份uniqueness n. 独特性，唯一性 individual n. 个体，个人 legible adj. 清晰地，易读的 enrolment n. 注册登记，入学 due n. 应付款，应得物likely adj. 很可能的，适宜的 penalize vt. 处分In the question 提到过的，讨论到的 Dominate vi.&vt.支配 、。

剑桥商务英语初级词汇整理

剑桥商务英语初级词汇整理

剑桥商务英语初级词汇整理剑桥商务英语初级词汇整理1.built-in adj.内置的，嵌入的;必要的;固有的 n.内置【商务用语】a built-in escape clause 必要性的免责条款2.bulky adj.大的，笨重的【商务用语】a bulky cargo 体积庞大的货物bulky goods 笨重货物bulky product 笨重的商品bulky parcel 大体积包裹3.bundle n.捆扎装 vt.捆，束【商务用语】bundle carrier 禾捆积运器bundle loader 禾运装卸机4.burglar n.夜贼【相关词组】burglar alarm 防盗警报器5.buyout n.全部收买;全部买下(市上产品)【例句】If the workers do approve the buyout, their company will become the nations largest employee-owned enterprise.6.cable n.电缆;海底电报【商务用语】cable address 电报挂号cable advice 电报通知【例句】We have already advised you by cable.我们已去电通知你方。

7.cafeteria n.自助餐厅【例句】This cafeteria serves good honest food.这家食堂供应的饭菜品质优良，价格公道。

8.cannibalize v.拆用配件;调补人员【例句】It becomes necessary to cannibalize unsuccessful projects to fund those which can proceed.当务之急是将不成功项目中的'资金抽调出来以支持那些可行项目。

9.canvass vi.招徕顾客【商务用语】canvass for subscriptions 招徕订货10.capital n.资本，资金，资产【商务用语】 accumulated capital 积累的资本active capital 流动资本actual capital 现实资本additional paid-in capital 附加实缴股本【例句】The Smith Company has a capital of $30,000.斯密斯公司有$30.000的资产11.breach n.违背【商务用语】breach of arrestment 擅自处理已查封的财产breach of duty 失职，玩忽职守breach of faith 违约;失信breach of trust 受托人违反信托约定;违约【例句】Your company is in breach of the contract.你们公司违反了合同。

高级剑桥商务英语BEC口语常用词汇

高级剑桥商务英语BEC口语常用词汇

高级剑桥商务英语BEC口语常用词汇下面是高级剑桥商务英语BEC口语常用词汇：1. negotiate 谈判2. persuade 说服3. convince 使信服4. compromise 妥协5. agreement 协议6. contract 合同7. deal 交易8. transaction 交易9. deadline 截止日期10. proposal 提议11. recommendation 推荐12. suggestion 建议13. objection 反对14. cooperation 合作15. teamwork 团队合作16. collaboration 合作17. communication 沟通18. negotiation skills 谈判技巧19. problem-solving 解决问题20. decision-making 决策21. analyze 分析22. evaluate 评估23. assess 评估第1页/共6页24. identify 辨别25. brainstorming 集思广益26. prioritize 优先考虑27. research 研究28. data 数据29. information 信息30. report 报告31. presentation 展示32. meeting 会议33. agenda 议程34. minutes 记事35. action points 行动点36. follow-up 后续37. deadline 截止日期38. timeline 时间线39. schedule 日程安排40. project 项目41. budget 预算42. cost 成本43. expense 开销44. profit 利润45. revenue 收入46. investment 投资47. financial statement 财务报表48. balance sheet 资产负债表49. income statement 损益表50. cash flow 现金流量51. market 市场52. competition 竞争53. customer 客户54. client 客户55. consumer 消费者56. target audience 目标受众57. product 产品58. service 服务59. brand 品牌60. promotion 推广61. advertising 广告62. marketing 市场营销63. sales 销售64. distribution 分销65. supply chain 供应链66. logistics 物流67. customer service 客户服务68. satisfaction 满意度69. quality 质量70. efficiency 效率71. productivity 生产力72. innovation 创新73. sustainability 可持续性74. corporate social responsibility (CSR) 企业社会责任75. globalization 全球化76. outsourcing 外包77. import 进口78. export 出口79. tariff 关税80. trade 贸易第3页/共6页81. exchange rate 汇率82. inflation 通货膨胀83. recession 经济衰退84. economic growth 经济增长85. market share 市场份额86. brand image 品牌形象87. customer loyalty 客户忠诚度88. target market 目标市场89. market research 市场调研90. sales forecast 销售预测91. competitive advantage 竞争优势92. advertising campaign 广告活动93. sales promotion 销售促销94. customer relationship management (CRM) 客户关系管理95. product development 产品开发96. cost reduction 成本降低97. profit margin 利润率98. financial analysis 财务分析99. market segmentation 市场细分100. target audience 目标观众101. company 公司102. organization 组织103. department 部门104. team 小组105. staff 员工106. employee 雇员107. manager 经理108. supervisor 主管109. executive 高管110. colleague 同事111. job 职位112. career 职业113. resume 简历114. interview 面试115. hire 雇佣116. fire 解雇117. promotion 晋升118. demotion 降职119. resignation 辞职120. retirement 退休121. training 培训122. development 发展123. performance 绩效124. evaluation 评估125. goal 目标126. objective 目标127. deadline 截止日期128. task 任务129. project 项目130. workload 工作量131. responsibility 责任132. accountability 负责任133. delegation 分派134. workload 工作量135. work-life balance 工作与生活的平衡136. motivation 动力第5页/共6页137. team-building 团队建设138. leadership 领导力139. communication 沟通140. problem-solving 解决问题141. negotiation 谈判142. conflict 冲突143. stress 压力144. time management 时间管理145. decision-making 决策146. efficiency 效率147. productivity 生产力148. innovation 创新149. problem-solving 解决问题150. teamwork 团队合作。

bec剑桥商务英语词汇大全

bec剑桥商务英语词汇大全

bec剑桥商务英语词汇大全bec剑桥商务英语词汇大全（依据字母挨次排序。

）：Aabolish 废除abroad 在国外absorb 吸取abstract 摘要accelerate 加速accessory 附件accommodate 容纳accommodation 住宿accompany 伴随accredit 授权accumulate 累积accurate 精确的achieve 实现acknowledge 承认acquire 获得adapt 适应adequate 充分的adjust 调整administer 管理admit 允许进入advance 前进advertise 广告advise 建议advocate 提倡affect 影响affiliate 加入affirm 确定aggregate 合计agree 同意airfare 机票费align 对齐allocate 安排allow 允许alter 转变ambassador 大使amendment 修正案analyze 分析annual 年度的anticipate 预期apologize 赔礼apparel 服装appendix 附录applicable 适用的appoint 任命appreciate 感谢approve 批准arbitrate 仲裁array 排列arrears 拖欠款项assemble 聚集assert 声称assess 评估assign 安排assist 帮忙associate 联合assume 假设assure 保证attach 附上attempt 尝试authenticate 鉴定authorize 授权average 平均的Bbackbone 支柱badly 严峻地balance 平衡bankruptcy 破产barrier 屏障benchmark 基准beneath 在...之下beneficial 有益的bestow 赠予bilateral 双边的biography 传记blank 空白的bond 债券boycott 抵制bribe 贿赂broker 经纪人budget 预算bulk 大量burden 负担business 业务bylaw 规章Ccalculate 计算campaign 活动capital 资本capture 捕获career 生涯caution 警告censor 审查certificate 证书chairman 主席channel 渠道charge 费用charter 包租cheap 廉价cheque 支票choice 选择circulate 循环civilian 平民classic 经典的classify 分类coach 教练collapse 崩溃collection 收集colleague 同事commend 赞扬commercial 商业的commission 佣金commitment 承诺communal 公共的communicate 沟通compel 强迫compensate 赔偿competitive 竞争的compile 编制complain 埋怨complement 补充complicate 简单化comply 遵守comprehensive 全面的compute 计算concern 关注concur 同意conduct 进行confidential 机密的configurable 可配置的confirm 确认conform 遵守confront 面对confuse 混淆congress 大会conjunction 连词connect 连接consent 同意conserve 爱护considerate 体谅的consist 由…组成consolidate 巩固constitute 构成construct 建筑consult 询问consume 消费contemporary 当代的contend 斗争context 背景contract 合同contradict 冲突contribute 贡献convene 召集convention 惯例conversant 生疏的convert 转变convey 传达cooperate 合作coordinate 协调core 核心corporate 公司的correspondence 通信costly 昂贵的count 成功country 国coupon 优待券court 法院create 制造credit 信贷criticize 批判crossroads 十字路口currency 货币curriculum 课程custody 保管customized 定制的cutting-edge 领先的Ddampen 减退data 数据database 数据库debt 债务decimal 小数decrease 削减dedicate 奉献deduct 扣除defer 推迟deficit 赤字definite 确定的delegate 委派deliberate 慎重的deliver 交付delve 探究democracy 民主demonstrate 证明dental 牙科的deplete 耗尽deplore 责怪deploy 部署deposit 存款depot 储存处derive 得到descend 下降describe 描述design 设计desire 欲望destroy 毁灭detach 分别detect 检测develop 进展device 设备dictate 口述difficult 困难的diffuse 集中digit 数字direct 直接的disable 禁用disappear 消逝discharge 放电discount 折扣discourage 阻挡discover 发觉discrete 离散的disseminate 传播dissolve 溶解distinguish 区分divide 除以dividend 红利dominate 统治doubt 怀疑download 下载draft 起草drain 排水dramatic 戏剧性的draw 吸引due 到期的dummy 哑的duplicate 重复的Eeager 渴望的earnest 认真的economy 经济editor 编辑educate 教育elevate 提升eliminate 消退embed 嵌入embrace 拥抱emerge 消灭emigrate 移居国外employ 雇佣empower 授权enable 使能够enclose 附上encounter 遇到endorse 公开支持enforce 实施engage 从事enjoyable 令人开心的enlarge 扩大enroll 招生ensure 确保entail 牵涉enter 进入entertain 款待entitlement 权利enumerate 列举envisage 想象equal 相等equivalent 相等的erase 抹掉erect 建筑erode 腐蚀escalate 升级establish 建立estate 房地产estimate 估量evaluate 评估evasion 躲避evident 明显的exaggerate 夸大examine 检查excel 突出except 除了excess excessive 过度的excursion 远足execute 执行exempt 豁免exhale 呼出exhibit 呈现expand 扩展expel 驱除expenditure 开销experiment 试验expert 专家expire 到期explain 解释exploit 利用express 快递extend 扩展extensive 广泛的external 外部的extract 提取eye-catching 引人注目的Ffacilitate 促进fade 褪色failure 失败fallen 下降的fascinate 迷住feasible 可行的feature 特点fixture 固定装置flavor 味道flexible 机敏的fluent 流利的forbid 禁止forecast 猜测formulate 制定fortnight 两周found 创立framework 框架fraud 欺诈freight 货物frontier 边疆frustrate 使懊丧function 函数fundamental 基本的Ggain 获得gallery 画廊gallop 飞奔garage 车库gather 收集gene 基因generate 生成genuine 真实的gloomy 压抑的goods 商品gallery 画廊garage 车库gene 基因generate 生成genuine 真实的gloomy 压抑的goods 商品gradual 渐渐的guarantee 保证gesture 手势Hhabitat 栖息地hammer 锤子handful 一把harmonize 使协调hazard 危急hectic 劳碌heritage 遗产hesitate 迟疑hinder 阻碍hoist 升honest 诚恳的host 主办humble 虚心的hurdle 障碍物hypothesize 假设Iidentify 识别ignite 点燃ignore 忽视imitate 仿照immerse 沉醉impact 影响implement 实施implication 含义impose 强加impress 给...留下深刻印象improve 改进incite 煽动include 包含increase 增加incrementally 递增地indicate 指示indispensable 不行缺少的individual 个人的induce 引起indulge 沉迷于infer 推断infiltrate 渗透inflate 充气inform 通知infrastructure 基础设施inherit 继承inject 注射inquire 询问insect 昆虫insert 插入inspect 检查integrate 整合intend 想要interact 互动interchangeable 可互换的interface 界面interfere 干涉intermediate 中间的intermittent 断断续续的intervene 干预intimate 亲热的intricate 简单的introduce 介绍intrinsic 固有的invade 侵略inventory 库存invest 投资invite 邀请invoke 调用involve 涉及Jjargon 行话jeopardize 危及joint 联合的jolt 震撼journal 日志journey 旅程judge 法官justify 证明...是正值的Kkettle 水壶kidnap 绑架knowledge 学问Llabel 标签labor 劳动latter 后者laundry 洗衣店lavish 过分的lawful 合法的lecture 讲座leisure 闲暇length 长度levy 征收liberate 解放licensed 许可的limitation 限制linger 徘徊liquidate 偿还literacy 识字locate 位于loyal 忠诚的Mmagnetize 磁化maintain 维护make money 挣钱mandatory 强制的mankind 人类manpower 劳动力manufacture 制造margin 边缘mature 成熟mean 意味measure 测量mediate 调解merge 合并militant 激进分子minimal 最小的minimize 使削减misfit 不匹配mission 任务mitigate 缓解mobile 移动的moderate 适度的modify 修改monitor 监控morph 多变mortgage 抵押motion 运动multinational 跨国的mutual 相互的Nnarrate 叙述navigate 导航neglect 忽视negotiate 协商nonprofit 非盈利的notable 有名的notify 通知nuisance 厌烦的东西nullify 使无效nurture 培育nutritious 有养分的Oobey 听从obtain 获得occupation 职业occurrence 发生offset 抵消omission 省略operate 操作oppose 反对optimize 优化orbit 轨道organize 组织outperform 超过output 输出outsource 外包outstanding 杰出的overestimate 高估overhaul 彻底转变Ppanic 慌张parade 游行paradox 悖论paralyze 使瘫痪parliament 国会participate 参与partner 合伙人passenger 乘客passionate 热忱的patent 专利perceive 察觉perform 执行permit 许可persist 坚持personal 私人的persuade 说服petroleum 石油petty 不重要的pioneer 先锋place 使位于plaque 牌匾pleasant 开心的pledge 保证pluck 采摘polar 极性的polish 抛光polite 礼貌的portion 部分pose 提出possess 拥有postpone 延迟precaution 预防措施precise 精确的predict 猜测premise 前提preoccupied 全神贯注的prepare 预备preserve 爱护press 闹pretend 假装prevail 盛行prevent 防止previous 从前的prick 刺primarily 首要地principal 首要的prior 从前的千里之行，始于足下。

剑桥商务英语中级词汇

剑桥商务英语中级词汇

BEC中级考试词汇必备Aabroad adv.在国外，出国，广泛流传absence n.缺席，离开absent adj.不在，不参与absenteeism n.（经常性）旷工，旷职absorb v.吸收，减轻（冲击、困难等）作用或影响abstract n.摘要access n.接近（或进入）的机会，享用权v.获得使用计算机数据库的权利accommodation n.设施，住宿account n.会计帐目accountancy n.会计工作accountant n.会计accounts n.往来帐目account for解释，说明account executive n.（广告公司）客户经理"accruals n.增值，应计['kru l]achieve v.获得或达到，实现，完成acknowledge v.承认，告知已收到（某物），承认某人acquire v.获得，得到"acquisition n.收购，被收购的公司或股份[akw 'z ije n]acting adj.代理的activity n.业务类型actual adj.实在的，实际的，确实的adapt v.修改，适应adjust v.整理，使适应administration n.实施，经营，行政administer v.管理，实施adopt v.采纳，批准，挑选某人作候选人advertise v.公布，做广告ad n.做广告，登广告advertisement n.出公告，做广告advertising n.广告业after-sales service n.售后服务agenda n.议事日程agent n.代理人，经纪人allocate v.分配，配给['el ,ket] amalgamation n.合并，重组[,melg 'me je n] ambition n.强烈的欲望，野心"amortise v.摊还['m o rta i z]analyse v分析，研究analysis n.分析，分析结果的报告analyst n.分析家，化验员annual adj.每年的，按年度计算的annual general meeting（AGM）股东年会anticipate v.期望[en't i s ,pet]anticipated adj.期待的appeal n.吸弓|力apply v.申请，请求；应用，运用applicant n.申请人application n.申请，施用，实施appointee n.被任命人[,p oi n'ti] appraisal n.估量，估价appreciate v.赏识，体谅，增值"appropriate v.拨出（款项）['propr i,et]approve v.赞成，同意，批准aptitude n.天资，才能"arbitrage n.套利['a rb tr i d3] arbitration n.仲裁"arrears n.欠帐assemble v.收集，集合assembly-line n.装配线，流水作业线assess v.评定，估价asset n.资产current asset n.流动资产fixed asset n.固定资产（=capital assets frozen assetn.冻结资产intangible assets n.无形资产[i n'tend3 b!] liquidassets n.速动资产tangible assets n.有形资产assist v.援助，协助，出席audit n.查账，审计automate v.使某事物自动操作average n.平均，平均水准awareness n.意识；警觉Bbacking n.财务支持，赞助backhander n.贿赂（=briber»*backlog n.积压（工作或订货）bad debt死账（无法收回的欠款）balance n.收支差额，余额balance ofpayments n.贸易支付差额balance sheet n.资产负债表bankrupt adj.破产的bankruptcy n.破产bank statement n.银行结算清单（给帐户的），银行对账单bar chart n.条形图，柱状图bargain v.谈判，讲价base n.基地，根据地ba忙h n.一批，一组，一群batch production 批量生产bear market n.熊市beat v.超过，胜过behave v.表现，运转behaviour n.举止，行为，运转情况below-the-line advertising线下广告，尚未被付款的广告benchmark n.衡量标准benefit n.利益，补助金，保险金得益fringe benefits n.附加福利sickness benefit n.疾病补助费bid n.出价，投标takeover bid n.盘进（一个公司）的出价bill n.账单，票据billboard n.（路边）广告牌，招贴板black adj.违法的in the black有盈余，贷方black list黑名单，禁止贸易的（货物、公司及个人）名单black Monday n.黑色星期一，指1987年10月国际股票市场崩溃的日子blue chips n.蓝筹股，绩优股blue-collar adj.蓝领（工人）的Board of Directors n.董事会Bond n.债券bonus n.津贴，红利books n.公司帐目book value n.账面价值，（公司或股票）净值bookkeeper n.簿记员，记帐人boom n.繁荣，暴涨boost v.提高，增加，宣扬bottleneck n.瓶颈，窄路，阻碍bottom adj.最后的，根本的v.到达底部，建立基础bounce v.支票因签发人无钱而遭拒付并退回brainstorm n./v.点子会议，献计献策，头脑风暴branchn.分支，分部brand n.商标，品牌brand leader n.占市场最大份额的品牌，名牌brand loyalty n.（消费者）对品牌的忠实break even v.收支相抵，不亏不盈break even point收支相抵点，盈亏平衡点breakthrough n.突破brief n.摘要brochure n.小册子broker n.经纪人，代理人bull market 牛市budget n.预算bulk n.大量（货物）adj.大量的bust adj.破了产的buyout n.买下全部产权CCAD（=Computer Aided Design） n.计算机辅助设计call n.打电话call on v.呼吁，约请，拜访campaign n.战役，运动candidate n.求职者，候选人canteen n.食堂canvass v.征求意见，劝说capacity n.生产额，（最大）产量caption n.照片或图片下的简短说明capital n.资本，资金capture v.赢得cash n.现金，现付款v.兑现cash flow n.现金流量case study n.案例分析catalogue n.目录，产品目录catastrophe n.大灾难，大祸CEO n. Chief ExecutiveOfficer （美）总经理chain n.连锁店challenger n.拟匕战者channel n.（商品流通的）渠道charge n.使承担，要（价），把……记入（账册等）chart n.图表checkout n.付款台chief adj.主要的，首席的，总的CIF, c.i.f.成本保险费加运费circular n.传阅的小册子（传单等）circulate v.传阅claim n./v.要求，索赔client n.委托人，顾客cold adj.没人找上门来的，生意清淡的commercialise v.使商品化commission n.佣金*commitment n.承诺commodity n.商品，货物company n.公司limited （liability） company （ltd.）股份有限公司public limited company （plc） n.股票上市公司compensate v.补偿，酬报compensation n.补'偿，酬金compete v.比赛，竞争competition n.比赛，竞争competitor n.竞争者，对手competitive adj.竞争性的component n.机器元件、组件、部件，部分concentrated marketing n.集中营销策略condition n.条件，状况*configuration n.设备的结构、组合conflict n.冲突，争论"conglomerate n.综合商社，多元化集团公司*consolidate v.帐目合并"consortium n.贝才团constant adj.恒定的，不断的，经常的consultant n.咨询人员，顾问，会诊医生consumables n.消耗品consumer durables n.耐用消费品（如：洗衣机）consumer goods n.消费品，生活资料"contingency n.意外事件continuum n.连续时间contract n.合同，契约contractor n.承办商，承建人contribute v.提供，捐献contribution n.贡献，捐献，税conversion n.改装，改造conveyor n.运送，传递，转让core time n.（弹性工作制的）基本上班时间（员工于此段时间必须上班，弹性只对除此以外的时间有效）cost n.成本fixed costs固定成本running costs日常管理费用variable costs 可变成本cost-effective adj.合算的，有效益的costing n.成本计算，成本会计credit n.赊购，赊购制度credit control赊销管理（检查顾客及时付款的体系）letter of credit 信用证credit limit赊销限额credit rating信贷的信用等级，信誉评价creditor n.债权人，贷方"creditworthiness n.信贷价值，信贷信用crisis n.危机，转折点critical adj.关键的"critical path analysis n.关键途径分析法currency n.货币，流通current adj.通用的，现行的Current account往来帐户，活期（存款）户current assets n.流动资产current liabilities n.流动负债customise v.按顾客的具体要求制造（或改造等）;顾客化cut-throat adj.残酷的，激烈的cut-price a.削价（出售）的CV（=curriculum vitae） n.简历，履历"cycle time n.循环时间Ddamages n.损害，损失deadline n.最后期限deal n.营业协议，数量v.交易dealer n.商人debit n.借方，欠的钱v.记入帐户的借方debt n.欠款，债务to get into debt 负债to be out of debt 不欠债to pay off a debt 还清债务debtor n.债务人aged debtors长期债务人declare v.申报，声明decline n./v.衰退，缓慢，下降decrease v.减少deduct v.扣除，减去default n.违约，未履行defect n.缺陷defective adj.有缺点的defer v.推迟deferred payments n.延期支付deficit n.赤字delivery cycle n.交货周期*demand management n.需求规化demotivated adj.消极的，冷谈的deposit n.储蓄，预付（定金）depot n.仓库depreciate v.贬值，（对资产）折旧depressing adj.令人沮丧的deputy n.代理人，副职，代理devalue v.货币贬值（相对于其它货币）diet n.饮食，食物，特种饮食differentiation n.区分，鉴别dimensions n.尺寸，面积，规模direct v管理，指导director n.经理，主管Managing Director n.总经理direct cost n.直接成本direct mail n.（商店为招揽生意而向人们投寄的）直接邮件direct selling n.直销，直接销售directory n.指南，号码簿discount n.折扣，贴现dismiss v.让..... 离开，打发走dismissal n.打发走dispatch n./v.调遣display n./v.展出，显示dispose v.安排，处理（事务）dispose of去掉，清除distribution n.分配，分发，分送产品"diversify v.从事多种经营；多样化divest v.剥夺dividend n.股息，红利，年息division n.部门*dog n.滞销品down-market a./ad.低档商品的*down-time/downtime n.设备闲置期DP（=Data Processing） n.计算机数据处理，计算机数据处理部门dramatic adj.戏剧性的drive n.积极性，能动性due adj.应付的，预期的dynamic adj.有活力的Eearnings n.工资efficiency n.效率endorse v.背书，接受engage v.雇用entitle v.授权entitlement n.应得的权利holiday entitlement n.休假权equity n.股东权益equity capital n.股本equities普通股，股票estimated demand n.估计需求evaluate v.估价，评价eventual adj.最终的exaggerate v.夸张exceed v.超过exhibit n.展览，表现expenditure n.花费，支出额expense n.费用，支出expense account n.费用帐户expenses n.费用，业务津贴expertise n.专长，专门知识和技能"exposure n.公众对某一产品或公司的知悉；广告所达到的观众总数Ffacilities n.用于生产的设备、器材facilities layout n.设备的布局规化、计划facilities location n.设备安置"factoring n.折价购买债券*fail-safe system n.安全系统feasibility study n.可行性研究feedback n.反馈，反馈的信息field n.办公室外边，具体业务file n.文件集，卷宗，档案，文件v.把文件（或资料）归档fill v.充任finance n.资金，财政v.提供资金financial adj.贝才政的financing n.提供资金，筹借资金finished goods n.制成品firm n.公司fire v.解雇fix v.确定，使固定在fix up v.解决，商妥fiscal adj.国库的，财政的*flagship n.同类中最成功的商品，佼佼者flexible adj.有弹性的，灵活的flextime n.弹性工作时间制flier（=flyer） n.促销传单float v.发行股票flop n.失败flow shop n.车间fluctuate v.波动，涨落，起伏FOB, f.o.b n.离岸价*follow-up n.细节落实，接连要做的事forecast v.预测four P's指产品PRODUCT、价格PRICE、地点PLACE、促销PROMOTIONframework n.框架，结构*franchise n.特许经销权v.特许经销，给予特许经销权guarantee n.保证，保单guidelines n.指导方针，准则Hhand in v.呈送hand in one's notice 递交辞呈handle v.经营*hands on adj.有直接经验的hard sell n.强行推销hazard n.危险，危害行为head n.主管，负责health and safety n.健康和安全*hedge n.套期保值hidden adj.隐藏的，不明显的hierarchy n.等级制度，统治集团，领导层hire v.雇用hire purchase n.分期付款购物法hit v.击中，到达holder n.持有者holding company n.控股公司hostile adj.不友好的，恶意的HRD n.人力资源发展部human resources n.人力资源*hype n.天花乱坠的（夸张）广告宣传Iimpact n.冲击，强烈影响implement v.实施，执行franchisee n.特许经营人franchiser n.授予特许经营权者fraud n.欺骗*freebie n.（非正式的）赠品，免费促销的商品freelance n.& adj.自由职业者（的）funds n.资金，基金futures n.期货交易Ggap n.缺口，空隙*gearing n.配称（即定息债务与股份资本之间的比率）*gimmick n.好主意，好点子goal n.目标going adj.进行的，运转中的going rate n.产品的市场价格goods n.货物，商品goodwill n.声誉*go public v.首次公开发行股票grapple with v.与...... 搏斗，尽力解决grievance n.申诉，抱怨gross adj.总的，毛的gross margin n.毛利率gross profit n.毛利gross yield n.毛收益gradually adv.逐渐地group n.（由若干公司联合而成的）集团grow v.增长，扩大growth n.增长，发展implication n隐含意义incentive n.刺激；鼓励income n.工资或薪金收入，经营或投资的收入earned income劳动收入，劳动所得unearned income非劳动收入，投资所得increment v.定期增加incur v招致，承担"indemnity n.偿还，赔偿index n.指数，索弓|retail price index零售价格指数indirect costs n.间接成本induction n.就职industrial adj.工业的industrial action n.（罢工、怠工等）劳工行动industrial relations n.劳资关系inefficiency n.低效率，不称职inflate v.抬高（物价），使通货等）膨胀inflation n.通货膨胀"infringe v.违法，违章initial adj.初步的innovate v.革新input n.投入insolvent adj.无清偿力的installment n.部分，分期付款insure v.给..... 保险，投保insurance n.保险interest n.利息，兴趣interest rate n.利率interim n.中期，过渡期间intermittent production n.阶段性生产interview n./v.面试interviewee n.被面试的人interviewer n.主持面试的人，招聘者introduce v.介绍，提出"inventory n.库存buffer inventory n.用于应付突发性需求的存货capacityinventory n.用于将来某时使用的存货cycle inventory n.循环盘存decoupling inventory n.保险性存货（以应付万一）finished goods inventory n.制成品存货（盘存）pipeline inventory n.在途存货raw materials inventory n.原材料存货work-in-progress inventory n.在制品盘存（存货）invest v.投资investment n.投资investor n.投资者invoice n.发票v.给（某人）开发票irrevocable adj.不可撤消的，不能改变的issue n.发行股票* rights issue n.优先认股权IT=Information Technology 信息技术item n.货物，条目，条款Jjob n.工作job description工作说明，职务说明*job lot n. 一次生产的部分或少数产品job mobility工作流动job rotation工作轮换job satisfaction工作的满意感（自豪感）*job shop n.专门车间jobbing n.为一次性的或小的订货需求而特设的生产制度joint adj.联合的joint bank account （几个人的）联合银行存款帐户journal n.专业杂志*jurisdiction n.管辖（权）junk bonds n.低档（风险）债券，垃圾债券junk mail n.（未经收信人要求的）直接邮寄的广告宣传*just-in-time n.无库存制度Kkey adj.主要的，关键的knockdown adj.（价格）很低的know-how n.专门技术Llabel n.标签，标牌v.加标签，加上标牌labour n.劳动，工作，劳动力labour market劳动力市场labour relations 劳资关系labour shortage劳动力短缺*launch v.在市场推出一种新产品n.新产品的推出lay-off/layoff n./v.临时解雇literature n.（产品说明书之类的）印刷品，宣传品litigate v.提出诉讼loan n./v.贷款，暂借logo n.企业的特有标记lose v.亏损loser n.失败者loss n.损失lot n.批，量loyalty n.忠诚，忠实Mmagazine n.杂志，期刊mailshot n.由B购maintain v.维持，保持maintenance n.维持，坚持major adj.重大的，主要的，较大的majority shareholding 绝对控股make n.产品的牌子或型号make-to-order adj.根据订货而生产的产品make-to-stock adj.指那些在未收到订货时就已生产了的产品management n.管理，管理部门middle management n.中层管理人员senior management n.高层管理人员managerial adj.管理人员的，管理方面的manager n.经理plant manager n.工厂负责人line manager n.基层负责人staff manager n.部门经理助理management accounts n.管理帐目matrix management n.矩阵管理*management information system(MIS) n. 管理信息系统manning n.人员配备manpower n.劳动力manpower resources n.劳动力资源manual adj.体力的，人工的，蓝领的manufacture v.(用机器)制造manufacturer n.制造者(厂、商、公司) manufacturing adj.制造的manufacturing industry 制造业margin n.利润gross margin n.毛利率net margin n.净利润mark-up v.标高售价，加价market n.市场；产品可能的销量down market adv./adj.低档商品/地的up market adj./adv.高档商品的/地marketing mix n.综合营销策略，指定价、促销、产品等策略的配合market leader n.市场上的主导公司*market niche n.小摊位，专业市场的一个小部分market penetration n.市场渗入market segmentation 市场划分market share n.市场占有率，市场份额*mass-marketing n.大众营销术*master production schedule n.主要生产计划U*material requirements planning(MRP) n.计算layout n.工厂的布局lead v.领先，领导lead time n.完成某项活动所需的时间leaflet n.广告印刷传单lease n.租借，租赁物legal adj.合法的lend v.出借，贷款lessee n.承租人lessor n.出租人*ledger n.分类帐nominal ledger n.记名帐purchase ledger n.进货sales ledger n.销货帐*leverage n.杠杆比率liability n.负债liabilities n.债务licence（US: license） n.许可证license v.许可，批准life cycle n.寿命周期likely adj.可能的*line process流水线（组装）link n.关系，联系，环liquid adj.易转换成现款的liquidate v.清算*liquidity n.拥有变现力liquidation n.清理（关闭公司），清算liquidator n.清算人，公司资产清理人listed adj.登记注册的listing n.上市公司名录生产中所需材料的方法"materials handling n.材料管理，材料控制maximise v.使增至最大限度、最大化measure n.措施，步骤media n.新闻工具，传媒mass media大众传媒（如电视、广播、报纸等）merchandising n.（在商店中）通过对商品的摆放与促销进行经营merge v.联合，合并merger n.（公司，企业等的）合并merit n.优点，值得，应受method study n.方法研究middleman n.中间人，经纪人full milk n.全脂牛奶skimmed milk n.脱脂乳minimise v.使减至最小限度，最小化"mission n.公司的长期目标和原则mobility n.流动性，可移性moderately adv.中等地，适度地monopoly n.垄断，独占mortgage n./v.抵押motivate v.激励，激发……的积极性motivated adj.有积极性的motivation n.提供动机，积极性，动力motive n.动机Nnegotiate v.谈判negotiable adj.可谈判的，可转让的net adj.净的，纯的network n.网络*niche n.专业市场中的小摊位notice n.通知，辞职申请，离职通知Oobjective n.目标，目的obsolete adj.过时的，淘汰的，废弃的offer n.报价，发盘offer v.开价off-season adj./adv.淡季的off-the-shelf adj.非专门设计的off-the-peg adj.标准的，非顾客化的opening n.空位operate v.操作，经营，管理operating profits 营业利润"operations chart n.经营（管理）表"operations scheduling n.生产经营进度表opportunity n.机会"optimize v.优化option n.选择权share option n.期权organigram n.组织图organisation chart n.公司组织机构图orient v.定向，指引orientation n.倾向，方向；熟悉，介绍情况outcome n.结果outlay n.开销，支出，费用"outlet n.商店a retail outlet 零售店outgoings n.开支，开销outlined adj.概括，勾勒的草图output n.产量"outsource v.外购产品或由外单位制做产品outstanding adj.未付款的，应收的over-demand n.求过于供overdraft n.透支overdraft facility 透支限额overdraw v.透支"overhead costs n.营业成本"overheads n.企业一般管理费用overpay n.多付（款）overtime n.力口壬班overview n.概述，概观owe v.欠钱，应付Pp.a.（二per annum） n.每年packaging n.包装物；包装parent company n.母公司，总公司part-time adj.部分时间工作的，业余的participate v.参加，分享（in）partnership n.合伙（关系），合伙，合伙企业patent n.专利pay n.工资，酬金v.付钱，付报酬take-home pay实得工资payroll n.雇员名单，工资表peak n.峰值，顶点penetrate v.渗透，打入（市场）penetration n.目标市场的占有份额pension n.养老金，退休金perform v.表现，执行performance n.进行，表现工作情况performance appraisal n.工作情况评估perk n.额外待遇（交通、保健、保险等）personnel n.员工，人员*petty cash n.零用现金phase out n.分阶段停止使用*pick v.提取生产用零部件或给顾客发货* picking list n.用于择取生产或运输订货的表格pie chart n.饼形图pilot n.小规模试验pipeline n.管道，渠道plant capacity n.生产规模，生产能力plot v.标绘，策划*plough back n.将获利进行再投资* point of sale （POS） n.销售点policy n.政策，规定，保险单*portfolio n.（投资）组合*portfolio management n.组合证券管理post n.邮件，邮局；职位position n.职位potential n.潜在力，潜势power n.能力purchasing power 贝勾买力PR二Public Relations 公共关系*preference shares n.优先股price n.价格market price市场价，市价retail price 零售价probation n.试用期product n.产品production cycle n.生产周期production schedule n.生产计划【Jproduct life cycle n.产品生命周期product mix n.产品组合（种类和数量的组合）productive adj.生产的，多产的*profile n.简介形象特征profit n.利润operating profit n.营业利润profit and loss account n.损益帐户project v.予预测promote v .推销promotion n.提升，升级proposal n.建议，计划prospect n.预期，展望prospectus n.计划书，说明书prosperity n.繁荣，兴隆prototype n.原型，样品*publicity n.引起公众注意public adj.公众的，公开的go public 上市public sector公有企业publicity n.公开场合，名声，宣传publics n.公众，（有共同兴趣的）一群人或社会人士punctual adj.准时的punctuality n.准时purchase v. & n.贝勾买purchaser n.买主，采购人QQC（=Quality Circle） n.质检人员qualify v.有资格，胜任qualified adj.有资格的，胜任的，合格的qualification n.资格，资格证明quality n.质量quality assurance n.质量保证quality control质量控制，质量管理quarterly adj./adv.季度的，按季度questionnaire n.调查表，问卷quote n.报价，股票牌价quotation n.报价，股票牌价RR&D Research and Development 研究与开发radically adv.根本地，彻底地raise n.（美）增加薪金v.增加，提高；提出，引起range n.系列产品rank n./v.排名rapport n.密切的关系，轻松愉快的气氛rate n.比率，费用fixed rate固定费用，固定汇率going rate现行利率，现行汇率rating评定结果ratio n.比率rationalise v.使更有效，使更合理raw adj.原料状态的，未加工的raw material n.原材料receive v.得至1」receipt n.收据receiver n.接管人，清算人accounts receivable 应收帐receivership n.破产管理recession n.萧条reckon v.估算，认为recognise v.承认reconcile v.使...... 相吻合，核对，调和recoup v.扣除，赔偿recover v.重新获得，恢复recovery n.重获，恢复recruit v.招聘，征募n.新招收的人员recruitment n.新成员的吸收red n.红色in the red赤字，负债reduce v.减少reduction n.减少redundant adj.过多的，被解雇的redundancy n.裁员，解雇reference n.参考，参考资料reference number （Ref. No.）产品的参考号码refund n./v.归还，偿还region n.地区*reimburse v.偿还，报销reject n./v.拒绝reliability n.可靠性relief n.减轻，解除，救济relocate v.调动，重新安置remuneration n.酬报，酬金rent v.租n.租金rep （代表）的缩写report to v.低于（某人），隶属，从属reposition v.（为商品）重新定位represent v.代表，代理representative n.代理人，代表reputation n.名声，声望reputable adj.名声/名誉好的reserves n.储量金，准备金resign v.放弃，辞去resignation n.舌辞职resistance n.阻力，抵触情绪respond v.回答，答复response n.回答，答复restore v.恢复result/results n.结果，效果retail n./v.零售retailer n.零售商*retained earnings n.留存收益retire v.退休retirement n.退休return n.投资报酬*return on investment （ROI） n.投资收入，投资报酬revenue n.岁入，税收review v./n.检查reward n./v.报答，报酬，奖赏*rework v.（因劣质而）重作risk capital n.风险资本rival n.竞争者，对手adj.竞争的rocket v.急速上升，直线上升，飞升ROIReturn on Investment 投资利润roughlyadv.粗略地round adj.整数表示的，大约round trip往返的行程royalty n.特许权，专利权税run v.管理，经营running adj.运转的Ssack v.解雇sales force销售人员sample n.样品v.试验；抽样检验*saturation n.（市场的）饱和（状态）saturate v.饱和save v.节省，储蓄savings n.存款scale n.刻度，层次scapegoat n.替罪羊scare adj.缺乏的，不足的*scrap n.废料或废品seasonal adj.季节性的section n.部门sector n.部门"securities n.债券及有价证券segment n.部分v.将市场划分成不同的部分segmentation n.将市场划分成不同的部门semi-skilled adj.半熟练的settle v.解决，决定settlement n.解决，清偿，支付service n.服务，帮佣services n.专业服务settle v.安排，支付set up v.创立share n.股份shareholder n.股东*shelf-life n.货架期（商品可以陈列在货架上的时间）shift n.轮班showroom n.陈列室simulation n.模拟shop n.商店closed shop限制行业（只允许本工会会员）open shop开放行业（非会员可从事的工作）shop steward工会管事shopfloor生产场所shortlist n ............ 供最后选择的候选人名单v.把……列入最后的候选人名单sick adj.病的sick leave 病假sick note病假条sick pay病假工资sickness 生病skill n.技能，熟巧skilled employee n.熟练工人*skimming n.高额定价，撇奶油式定价slogan n.销售口号slump n.暴跌a slump in sales 销售暴跌soft-sell n.劝诱销售（术），软销售（手段）software n.软件sole adj.仅有的，单独的sole distributor独家分销商solvent adj.有偿付能力的*sourcing n.得到供货spare part n.零部件specification n.产品说明split v.分离spokesman n.发言人sponsor n.赞助者（为了商品的广告宣传）spread n.（股票买价和卖价的）差额stable adj.稳定的staff n.职员stag n.投机认股者v.炒买炒卖stagnant adj.停滞的，萧条的*statute n.成文法statutory adj.法定的steadily adv.稳定地，平稳地stock n.库存，股票stock exchange n.证券交易所*stockbroker n.股票经纪人stock controller库房管理者storage n.贮藏，库存量strategy n.战略*streamline v.精简机构，提高效率stress n.压力，紧迫strike n.罢工structure n.结构，设备*subcontract v.分包（工程项目），转包subordinate n.下级adj.下级的subscribe v.认购subsidiary n.子公司subsidise v.补贴，资助subsidy n.补助金substantially adv.大量地，大幅度地summarise v.概括，总结superior n.上级，长官supervisor n.监督人，管理人supervisory adj.监督的，管理的supply n./v.供给，提供survey n 调查*SWOT analysis n. SWOT分析是分析一个公司或一个项目的优点、弱点、机会和风险*synergy n.协作Ttactic n.战术，兵法tailor v.特制产品tailor made products 特制产品take on雇用takeover n.接管target n.目标v.把……作为目标tariff n.关税；价目表task n.任务，工作task force n.突击队，攻关小队（为完成某项任务而在一起的一组人）tax n.税，税金capital gains tax n.资本收益税corporation tax n.公司税，法人税income tax n.所得税value added tax 增值税tax allowance 免减税tax avoidance 避税taxable可征税的taxation 征税tax-deductible在计算所得税时予以扣除的telesales n.电话销售，电话售货temporary adj.暂时的temporary post 临时职位tender n./v.投标territory n.（销售）区域tie n.关系，联系throughput n.工厂的总产量TQC(=Total Quality Control) n.全面质量管理*track record n.追踪记录，业绩trade n./v.商业，生意；交易，经商balance of trade 贸易平衡trading profit 贸易利润insider trading 内部交易trade mark 商标trade union 工会trainee n.受培训者*transaction n.交易，业务transfer n./v.传输，转让*transformation n.加工transparency n.(投影用)透明胶片treasurer n.司库，掌管财务的人*treasury n.国库，财政部trend n.趋势，时尚*trouble-shooting n.解决问题turnover n.营业额，员工流动的比率staff turnover人员换手率stock turnover股票换手率Uundertake v.从事、同意做某事undifferentiated marketing n.无差异性营销策略uneconomical adj.不经济的，浪费unemployment n.失业unemployment benefit n.失业津贴unit n.单位unit cost n.单位成本update v.使现代化up to date adj./adv.流行的，现行的，时髦的upgradev.升级，增加upturn n.使向上，使朝上USP唯一的销售计划Vvacancy n.空缺vacant adj.空缺的value n./v.价值，估价valuation n.价值value-added n.增加值variable n.可变物variation n.变化，变更variety n.多样化a variety of多种多样的vary v.改变，修改VAT Value Added Tax 增值税vendor n.卖主（公司或个人）venture n.冒险，投机venue n.地点，集合地点viable adj.可行的viability n.可行性vision n.设想，公司的长期目标vocation n.行业，职业vocational adj.行业的，职业的Wwage n.（周）工资wage freeze n.工资冻结warehouse n.仓库，货栈wealth n.财富，资源wealthy adj.富裕的，丰富的welfare n.福利white-collar白领阶层white goods n.如冰箱和洗衣机等用在厨房中的产口口口wholesale n./adj./adv.批发wholesaler 批发商*wind up v.关闭公司withdraw v.拿走，收回，退出withdrawal n.拿走，收回，退出wholesale n./a.批发；批发的wholesaler n.批发商work n.工作working conditions n.工作条件work-in-progress n.工作过程workload n.工作量work order n.（包括原料、半成品、成品的）全部存货总量work station工作位置*working capital n.营运资本，营运资金write off v.取消write-off n.债务的取消Z*zero defect n.合格产品*zero inventory n.零存货Y*yield n.有效产量。

剑桥商务英语词汇(中高级)

剑桥商务英语词汇(中高级)

商务英语词汇大全（一）economist 经济学家socialist economy 社会主义经济capitalist economy 资本主义经济collective economy 集体经济planned economy 计划经济controlled economy 管制经济rural economics 农村经济liberal economy 经济mixed economy 混合经济political economy 政治经济学protectionism 保护主义autarchy 闭关自守primary sector 初级成分private sector 私营成分,私营部门public sector 公共部门,公共成分economic channels 经济渠道economic balance 经济平衡economic fluctuation 经济波动economic depression 经济衰退economic stability 经济稳定economic policy 经济政策economic recovery 经济复原understanding 约定concentration 集中holding company 控股公司trust 托拉斯cartel 卡特尔rate of growth 增长economic trend 经济趋势economic situation 经济形势infrastructure 基本建设standard of living 生活标准,生活水平purchasing power, buying power 购买力scarcity 短缺stagnation 停滞,萧条,不景气underdevelopment 不发达underdeveloped 不发达的developing 发展中的initial capital 创办资本frozen capital 冻结资金frozen assets 冻结资产fixed assets 固定资产real estate 不动产,房地产circulating capital, working capital 流动资本available capital 可用资产capital goods 资本货物reserve 准备金,储备金calling up of capital 催缴资本allocation of funds 资金分配contribution of funds 资金捐献working capital fund 周转基金revolving fund 循环基金,周转性基金contingency fund 意外开支,准备金reserve fund 准备金buffer fund 缓冲基金,平准基金sinking fund 偿债基金investment 投资,资产investor 投资人self-financing 自筹经费,经费自给bank 银行current account 经常帐户（美作:checking account）current-account holder 支票帐户（美作:checking-account holder）cheque 支票（美作:check）bearer cheque, cheque payable to bearer 无记名支票,来人支票crossed cheque 划线支票traveller's cheque 旅行支票chequebook 支票簿,支票本（美作:checkbook）endorsement 背书transfer 转让,转帐,过户money 货币issue 发行ready money 现钱cash 现金ready money business, no credit given 现金交易,概不赊欠change 零钱banknote, note 钞票,纸币（美作:bill）to pay （in）cash 付现金domestic currency, local currency] 本国货币convertibility 可兑换性convertible currencies 可兑换货币exchange rate 汇率,兑换率foreign exchange 外汇floating exchange rate 浮动汇率free exchange rates 汇兑市场foreign exchange certificate 外汇兑换券hard currency 硬通货speculation 投机saving 储装,存款depreciation 减价,贬值devaluation （货币）贬值revaluation 重估价runaway inflation 无法控制的通货膨胀deflation 通货紧缩capital flight 资本外逃securities business 证券市场stock exchange 贡市场stock exchange corporation 证券交易所stock exchange 证券交易所,贡交易所quotation 报价,牌价share 股份,贡shareholder, stockholder 贡持有人,股东dividend 股息,红利cash dividend 现金配股stock investment 贡投资investment trust 投资信托stock-jobber 贡经纪人stock company, stock brokerage firm 证券公司securities 有价证券share, common stock 普通股preference stock 优先股income gain 股利收入issue 发行贡par value 股面价格, 票面价格bull 买手, 多头bear 卖手, 空头assigned 过户opening price 开盘closing price 收盘hard times 低潮business recession 景气衰退doldrums 景气停滞dull 盘整ease 松弛raising limit 涨停板break 暴跌bond, debenture 债券Wall Street 华尔街short term loan 短期贷款long term loan 长期贷款medium term loan 中期贷款lender 债权人creditor 债权人debtor 债务人,借方borrower 借方,借款人borrowing 借款interest 利息rate of interest 利率discount 贴现,折扣rediscount 再贴现annuity 年金maturity 到期日,偿还日amortization 摊销,摊还,分期偿付redemption 偿还insurance 保险mortgage 抵押allotment 拨款short term credit 短期信贷consolidated debt 合并债务funded debt 固定债务,长期债务floating debt 流动债务drawing 提款,提存aid 援助allowance, grant, subsidy 补贴,补助金,津贴short term loan 短期贷款long term loan 长期贷款medium term loan 中期贷款lender 债权人creditor 债权人debtor 债务人,借方borrower 借方,借款人borrowing 借款interest 利息rate of interest 利率discount 贴现,折扣rediscount 再贴现annuity 年金maturity 到期日,偿还日amortization 摊销,摊还,分期偿付redemption 偿还insurance 保险mortgage 抵押allotment 拨款short term credit 短期信贷consolidated debt 合并债务funded debt 固定债务,长期债务floating debt 流动债务drawing 提款,提存aid 援助allowance, grant, subsidy 补贴,补助金,津贴cost 成本,费用expenditure, outgoings 开支,支出fixed costs 固定成本overhead costs 营业间接成本overheads 杂项开支,间接成本operating costs 生产费用,营业成本operating expenses 营业费用running expenses 日常费用,经营费用miscellaneous costs 杂项费用overhead expenses 间接费用,管理费用upkeep costs, maintenance costs 维修费用,养护费用transport costs 运输费用social charges 社会负担费用contingent expenses, contingencies 或有费用apportionment of expenses 分摊费用income 收入,收益earnings 利润,收益gross income, gross earnings 总收入,总收益gross profit, gross benefit 毛利,总利润,利益毛额net income 纯收益,净收入,收益净额average income 平均收入national income 国收入profitability, profit earning capacity 利润率,赢利率yield 产量收益,收益率increase in value, appreciation 增值,升值duty 税taxation system 税制taxation 征税,纳税fiscal charges 财务税收progressive taxation 累进税制graduated tax 累进税value added tax 增值税income tax 所得税land tax 地租,地价税excise tax 特许权税basis of assessment 估税标准taxable income 须纳税的收入fiscality 检查tax-free 免税的tax exemption 免税taxpayer 纳税人tax collector 收税员China Council for the Promotion of International Trade, C.C.P.I.T. 中国国际贸易促进委员会National Council for US-China Trade 美中贸易全国理事会Japan-China Economic Association 日中经济协会Association for the Promotion of International Trade,Japan 日本国际贸易促进会British Council for the Promotion of International Trade 英国国际贸易促进委员会International Chamber of Commerce 国际商会International Union of Marine Insurance 国际海洋运输保险协会International Alumina Association 国际铝矾土协会Universal Postal Union, UPU 万国邮政联盟Customs Co-operation Council, CCC 关税合作理事会United Nations Trade and Development Board 联合国贸易与发展理事会Organization for Economic cooperation and Development, DECD 经济合作与开发组织European Economic Community, EEC, European Common Market欧洲经济共同体European Free Trade Association, EFTA 欧洲贸易联盟European Free Trade Area, EFTA 欧洲贸易区Council for Mutual Economic Aid, CMEA 经济互助委员会Eurogroup 欧洲集团Group of T en 十国集团Committee of Twenty（Paris Club）二十国委员会Coordinating Committee, COCOM 巴黎统筹委员会Caribbean Common Market, CCM, Caribbean Free-Trade Association, CARIFTA 加勒比共同市场（加勒比贸易同盟）Andeans Common Market, ACM, Andeans Treaty Organization, ATO 安第斯共同市场Latin American Free Trade Association, LAFTA 拉丁美洲贸易联盟Central American Common Market, CACM 中美洲共同市场African and Malagasy Common Organization, OCAM 非洲与马尔加什共同组织East African Common Market, EACM 东非共同市场Central African Customs and Economic Union, CEUCA 中非关税经济同盟West African Economic Community, WAEC 西非经济共同体Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries, OPEC 石油输出国组织Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries, OAPEC 阿拉伯石油输出国组织Commonwealth Preference Area 英联邦特惠区Centre National du Commerce Exterieur, National Center of External Trade 法国对外贸易中心People's Bank of China 中国人银行Bank of China 中国银行International Bank for Reconstruction and development, IBRD 国际复兴开发银行World Bank 世界银行International Development association, IDA 国际开发协会International Monetary Found Agreement 国际货币基金协定International Monetary Found, IMF 国际货币基金组织European Economic and Monetary Union 欧洲经济与货币同盟European Monetary Cooperation Fund 欧洲货币合作基金Bank for International Settlements, BIS 国际结算银行African Development Bank, AFDB 非洲开发银行Export-Import Bank of Washington 美国进出口银行National city Bank of New Y ork 花旗银行American Oriental Banking Corporation 美丰银行American Express Co. Inc. 美国万国宝通银行The Chase Bank 大通银行Inter-American Development Bank, IDB 泛美开发银行European Investment Bank, EIB 欧洲投资银行Midland Bank,Ltd. 米兰银行United Bank of Switzerland 瑞士联合银行Dresden Bank A.G. 德累斯敦银行Bank of T okyo,Ltd. 东京银行Hongkong and Shanghai Corporation 香港汇丰银行International Finance Corporation, IFC 国际金融公司La Communaute Financieve Africane 非洲金融共同体Economic and Social Council, ECOSOC 联合国经济及社会理事会United Nations Development Program, NUDP 联合国开发计划署United Nations Capital Development Fund, UNCDF 联合国资本开发基金United Nations Industrial Development Organization, UNIDO 联合国工业发展组织United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, UNCTAD 联合国贸易与发展会议Food and Agricultural Organization, FAO 粮食与农业组织, 粮农组织Economic Commission for Europe, ECE 欧洲经济委员会Economic Commission for Latin America, ECLA 拉丁美洲经济委员会Economic Commission for Asia and Far East, ECAFE 亚洲及远东经济委员会Economic Commission for Western Asia, ECWA 西亚经济委员会Economic Commission for Africa, ECA 非洲经济委员会Overseas Chinese Investment Company 华侨投资公司New Y ork Stock Exchange, NYSE 纽约证券交易所London Stock Market 伦敦贡市场Baltic Mercantile and Shipping Exchange 波罗的海商业和航运交易所instruction, education 教育culture 文化primary education 初等教育secondary education 中等教育higher education 高等教育the three R's 读、写、算school year 学年term, trimester 学季semester 学期school day 教学日school holidays 假期curriculum 课程subject 学科discipline 纪律timetable 课程表class, lesson 课homework 家庭作业exercise 练习dictation 听写spelling mistake 拼写错误（short）course 短训班seminar 研讨班playtime, break 课间,休息to play truant, to play hooky 逃学,旷课course （of study）学业student body 学生（总称）classmate, schoolmate 同学pupil 小学生student 大学生schoolboy 男生schoolgirl 女生auditor 旁听生swot, grind 用的学生old boy 老生grant, scholarship, fellowship 奖学金holder of a grant, scholar, fellow 奖学金获得者school uniform 校服teaching staff 教育工作者（总称）teachers 教师（总称）primary school teacher 小学老师teacher lecturer 大学老师professor 教授schooling 教授,授课assistant 助教headmaster 校长（女性为:headmistress）deputy headmaster, deputy head 副校长rector 校长dean 教务长laboratory assistant, lab assistant 实验员beadle, porter 门房,学校工友games master, gym teacher, gym instructor 体育教师private tutor 私人教师,家庭教师pedagogue 文学教师（蔑称）of school age 教龄beginning of term 开学matriculation 注册to enroll, to enroll 予以注册to take lessons （学生）上课to teach （老师）上课to study 学习to learn by heart 记住,掌握to revise, to go over 复习test 考试to test 考试to take an examination, to sit an examination, to do an examination 参加考试convocation notice 考试通知examiner 考试者board of examiners 考试团examination oral, written examination 口试,笔试question 问题question paper 试卷crib 夹带（美作:trot）to pass an examination （或exam）, 通过考试pass, passing grade 升级prizegiving 分配奖品to fall an examination 未通过考试failure 未考好to repeat a year 留级degree 学位graduate 毕业生to graduate 毕业project, thesis 毕业论文General Certificate of Education 中学毕业证书（美作:high school diploma）holder of the General Certificate of Education 中学毕业生（美作:holder of a high school diploma）doctorate 博士学位doctor 博士competitive examination 答辩考试Chinese 语文English 英语Japanese 日语mathematics 数学science 理科gymnastics 体育history 历史algebra 代数geometry 几何geography 地理biology 生物chemistry 化学physics 物理physical geography 地球物理literature 文学sociology 社会学psycology 心理学philosophy 哲学engineering 工程学mechanical engineering 机械工程学electronic engineering 电子工程学medicine 医学social science 社会科学agriculture 农学astronomy 天文学economics 经济学politics 政治学commercial science 商学biochemistry 生物化学anthropology 人类学linguistics 语言学accounting 会计学law, jurisprdence 法学banking 银行学metallurgy 冶金学finance 财政学mass-communication 大众传播学journalism 新闻学atomic energy 原子能学civil engineering 土木工程architecture 建筑学chemical, engineering 化学工程accounting and statisics 会计统计business administration 工商管理library 图书馆学diplomacy 外交foreign language 外文botany 植物major 主修minor 辅修school 学校kindergarten 幼儿园infant school 幼儿学校primary school, junior school 小学secondary school 中学high school, secondary school 专科学校business school 商业学校technical school 工业学校technical college 专科学校（university）campus 大学university 大学boarding school 供膳宿的学校day school 日校,无宿舍学校,走读学校day student who has lunch at school 提供午餐的走读学生academy 专科学院faculty 系hall of residence 学校公寓classroom 教室lecture theatre 阅览室（美作:lecture theater）amphitheatre 阶梯教室（美作:amphitheater）staff room 教研室headmaster's study, headmaster's office 校长办公室（assembly）hall 礼堂library 图书馆playground 操场desk 课桌blackboard 黑板（a piece of）chalk 粉笔slate pencil 石板笔wall map 挂图skeleton map 廓图,示意图globe 地球仪text book 课本dictionary 词典encyclopedia 百科全书atlas地图集satchel 书包exercise book 练习本rough not book 草稿本（美作:scribbling pad）blotting paper 吸墨纸tracing paper 描图纸squared paper, graph paper 坐标纸（fountain）pen 自来水笔biro, ballpoint （pen）圆珠笔pencil 铅笔propelling pencil 自动铅笔pencil sharpener 铅笔刀,转笔刀ink 墨水inkwell 墨水池rubber, eraser 橡皮ruler, rule 尺slide rule 计算尺set square 三角板protractor 量角器compass, pair of compasses 圆规Ministry of Labour 劳工部（美作epartment of Labor）labour market 劳工市场, 劳务市场Labour exchange, Employment exchange 职业介绍所（美作:Employment Bureau）labour management 职业介绍经纪人full employment 整日制工作to be paid by the hour 按小时付酬seasonal work 季节工作piecework work 计件工作timework work 计时工作teamwork work 联合工作shift work 换班工作assembly line work 组装线工作（美作:serial production）workshop 车间handicrafts, crafts 手艺, 技艺trade, craft 行当profession, occupation 职务employment, job 工作situation, post 位置job 一件工作vacancy 空缺, 空额work permit 工作许可证to apply for a job 求职, 找工作application（for a job）求职to engage, to employ 雇用work contract 劳务合同industrial accident 劳动事故occupational disease 职业病vocational guidance 职业指导vocational training 职业训练retraining, reorientation, rehabilitation 再训练, 再培训holidays, holiday, vacation 假期labour costs, labour input 劳力成本fluctuation of labour 劳力波动（美作f labor）worker 工作者permanent worker 长期工, 固定工personnel, staff 人员employee 职员clerk, office worker 办公室人员salary earner 雇佣工人workman 工人organized labour 参加工会的工人skilled worker 技术工人unskilled worker 非技术工人specialized worker 熟练工人farm worker 农场工人labourer worker 农业工人day labourer 日工seasonal worker 季节工collaborator 合作者foreman 工头trainee, apprentice 学徒工apprenticeship 学徒artisan, craftsman 工匠specialist 专家night shift 夜班shortage of labour, shortage of manpower 缺乏劳力working class 工人阶级proletarian 无产者proletariat 无产阶级trade union 工会（美作:labor union）trade unionist 工团主义者trade unionism 工团主义guild 行会,同会,公会association, society, union 协会emigration 移,移居employer 雇主,老板shop steward （工厂的）工会代表（美作:union delegate）delegate 代表representative 代表works council 劳资联合委员会labour law 劳工法working day, workday 工作日full-time employment, full-time job, full-time work 全天工作part-time employment, part-time job, part-time work 半日工作working hours 工作时间overtime 业余时间remuneration 报酬pay, wage, salary 工资wage index 工资指数minimum wage 最低工资basic wage 基础工资gross wages 全部收入net, real wages 实际收入hourly wages, wage rate per hour 计时工资monthly wages 月工资weekly wages 周工资piecework wage 计件工资maximum wage 最高工资（美作:wage ceiling）sliding scale 按物价计酬法payment in kind 用实物付酬daily wages 日工资premium, bonus, extra pay 奖励payday 发工资日, 付薪日pay slip 工资单payroll 薪水册unemployment benefit 失业救济old-age pension 退休金,养老金collective agreement 工会代表工人与资方代表达成的协议retirement 退休claims 要求strike 罢工striker 罢工者go-slow 怠工（美作:slow-down）lockout 停工（业主为抵制工人的要求而停工）staggered strike 阶段性罢工strike picket 罢工纠察队员strike pay 罢工津贴（由工会给的）strikebreaker, blackleg 破坏罢工者down tools, sit-down strike 静坐demonstration, manifestation 示威sanction 制裁unemployment 失业seasonal unemployment 季节性失业underemployment 不充分就业unemployed man 失业者（个人）the unemployed 失业者（集体）to discharge, to dismiss 辞退,开除,解雇dismissal 开除,解雇to terminate a contract 结束合同,结束契约negotiation 谈判collective bargaining 劳资双方就工资等问题谈判receptionist 接待员typist 打字员key puncher 电脑操作员stenographer 速记员telephone operator 电话接线员programmer 电脑程序员system analyst 系统分析员shorthand typist 速记打字员office girl 女记事员public servants 公务员national public servant 国家公务员local public service employee 地方公务员nation railroad man 国营铁路职员tracer 绘图员illustrator 汇稿员saleswoman 女店员pilot 驾驶员simultaneous 同时译员publisher 出版人员graphic designer 美术设计员delivery boy 送报员secretary 秘书policeman 警察journalist 记者editor 编辑interpreter 通译者director 导演talent 星探actor 男演员actress 女演员photographer 摄影师scholar 学者translator 翻译家novelist 小说家playwright 剧作家linguist 语言学家botanist 植物学家economist 经济学家chemist 化学家scientist 科学家philosopher 哲学家politician 政治学家physicist 物理学家astropologist 人类学家archaeologist 考古学家geologist 地质学家expert on folklore 俗学家mathematician 数学家biologist 生物学家zoologist 动物学家statistician 统计学家physiologist 生理学家futurologist 未来学家artists 艺术家painter 画家musician 音乐家composer 作曲家singer 歌唱家designer 设计家sculptor 雕刻家designer 服装设计师fashion coordinator 时装调配师dressmaker 女装裁剪师cutter 裁剪师sewer 裁缝师tailor 西装师傅beautician 美容师model 模特ballerina 芭蕾舞星detective 刑警chief of police 警察局长taxi driver 出租车司机clerk 店员mailman 邮差newspaper boy 报童bootblack 擦鞋童poet 诗人copywriter 撰稿人producer 制片人newscaster 新闻评论人milkman 送奶人merchant 商人florist 卖花人baker 面包师greengrocer 菜贩fish-monger 鱼贩butcher 肉贩shoe-maker 鞋匠saleswoman 女店员stewardess 空中小姐conductor 车掌station agent 站长porter 行李夫car mechanic 汽车修理师architect 建筑师civil planner 城市设计师civil engineer 土木技师druggist, chemist, pharmacist 药剂师guide 导游oil supplier 加油工（public）health nurse 保健护士dentist 牙科医生supervisor 监工forman 工头doctor 医生nurse 护士宏观经济的macroeconomic通货膨胀inflation破产insolvency有偿还债务能力的solvent合同contract汇率exchange rate紧缩信贷tighten credit creation私营部门private sector财政管理机构fiscal authorities宽松的财政政策slack fiscal policy 税法tax bill财政public finance财政部the Ministry of Finance平衡预算balanced budget继承税inheritance tax货币主义者monetariest增值税V A T （value added tax）收入revenue总需求aggregate demand商务英语词汇大全（二）货币化monetization赤字deficit经济不景气recessiona period when the economy of a country is not successful, business conditions are bad, industrial production and trade are at a low level and there is a lot of unemployment经济好转turnabout复苏recovery成本推进型cost push货币供应money supply生产率productivity劳动力labor force实际工资real wages成本推进式通货膨胀cost-push inflation需求拉动式通货膨胀demand-pull inflation双位数通货膨胀double- digit inflation极度通货膨胀hyperinflation长期通货膨胀chronic inflation治理通货膨胀to fight inflation最终目标ultimate goal坏的影响adverse effect担保ensure贴现discount萧条的sluggish认购subscribe to支票帐户checking account货币控制工具instruments of monetry control 借据IOUs（I owe you）本票promissory notes货币总监controller of the currency拖收系统collection system支票清算或结算check clearing资金划拨transfer of funds可以相信的证明credentials改革fashion被缠住entangled货币联盟Monetary Union再购协议repo精明的讨价还价交易horse-trading欧元euro公共债务membership criteria汇率机制REM储备货币reserve currency劳动密集型labor-intensive贡交易所bourse竞争领先frontrun牛市bull market非凡的牛市a raging bull规模经济scale economcies买方出价与卖方要价之间的差价bid-ask spreads 期货（贡）futures经济商行brokerage firm回报率rate of return贡equities违约default现金外流cash drains经济人佣金brokerage fee存款单CD（certificate of deposit营业额turnover资本市场capital market布雷顿森林体系The Bretton Woods System经常帐户current account套利者arbitrager远期汇率forward exchange rate即期汇率spot rate实际利率real interest rates货币政策工具tools of monetary policy银行倒闭bank failures跨国公司MNC （Multi-National Corporation）商业银行commercial bank商业票据comercial paper利润profit本票，期票promissory notes监督to monitor佣金（经济人）commission brokers套期保值hedge有价证券平衡理论portfolio balance theory外汇储备foreign exchange reserves固定汇率fixed exchange rate浮动汇率floating/flexible exchange rate货币选择权（期货）currency option套利arbitrage合约价exercise price远期升水forward premium多头买升buying long空头卖跌selling short按市价订购贡market order贡经纪人stockbroker国际货币基金the IMF七国集团the G-7监督surveillance同业拆借市场interbank market可兑换性convertibility软通货soft currency限制restriction交易transaction充分需求adequate demand短期外债short term external debt汇率机制exchange rate regime直接标价direct quotes资本流动性mobility of capital赤字deficit本国货币domestic currency外汇交易市场foreign exchange market 国际储备international reserve利率interest rate资产assets国际收支balance of payments贸易差额balance of trade繁荣boom债券bond资本captial资本支出captial expenditures商品commodities商品交易所commodity exchange期货合同commodity futures contract普通贡common stock联合大企业conglomerate货币贬值currency devaluation通货紧缩deflation折旧depreciation贴现率discount rate归个人支配的收入disposable personal income 从业人员employed person汇率exchange rate财政年度fiscal year企业free enterprise国生产总值gross antional product库存inventory劳动力人数labor force债务liabilities市场经济market economy合并merger货币收入money income跨国公司Multinational Corproation个人收入personal income优先贡preferred stock价格收益比率price-earning ratio优惠贷款利率prime rate利润profit回报return on investment使货币升值revaluation薪水salary季节性调整seasonal adjustment关税tariff失业人员unemployed person效用utility价值value工资wages工资价格螺旋上升wage-price spiral收益yield补偿贸易compensatory trade, compensated deal 储蓄银行savings banks欧洲联盟the European Union单一的实体a single entity抵押贷款mortgage lending业主产权owner''''s equity普通股common stock无形资产intangible assets收益表income statement营业开支operating expenses行政开支administrative expenses现金收支一览表statement of cash flow 贸易中的存货inventory收益proceeds投资银行investment bank机构投资者institutional investor垄断兼并委员会MMC招标发行issue by tender定向发行introduction代销offer for sale直销placing公开发行public issue信贷额度credit line国际债券international bonds欧洲货币Eurocurrency利差interest margin以所借的钱作抵押所获之贷款leveraged loan权利股发行rights issues净收入比例结合net income gearing外贸中常见英文缩略词1 C2 T/T（telegraphic transfer）电汇3 D/P（document against payment）付款交单4 D/A （document against acceptance）承兑交单5 C.O （certificate of origin）一般原产地证6 G.S.P.（generalized system of preferences）普惠制7 CTN/CTNS（carton/cartons）纸箱8 PCE/PCS（piece/pieces）只、个、支等9 DL/DLS（dollar/dollars）美元10 DOZ/DZ（dozen）一打11 PKG（package）一包，一捆，一扎，一件等12 WT（weight）重量13 G.W.（gross weight）毛重14 N.W.（net weight）净重15 C/D （customs declaration）报关单16 EA（each）每个，各17 W （with）具有18 w/o（without）没有19 FAC（facsimile）传真20 IMP（import）进口21 EXP（export）出口22 MAX （maximum）最大的、最大限度的23 MIN （minimum）最小的，最低限度24 M 或MED （medium）中等，中级的25 M/V（merchant vessel）商船26 S.S（steamship）船运27 MT或M/T（metric ton）公吨28 DOC （document）文件、单据29 INT（international）国际的30 P/L （packing list）装箱单、明细表31 INV （invoice）发票32 PCT （percent）百分比33 REF （reference）参考、查价34 EMS （express mail special）特快传递35 STL.（style）式样、款式、类型36 T或L TX或TX（telex）电传37 RMB（renminbi）人币38 S/M （shipping marks）装船标记39 PR或PRC（price）价格40 PUR （purchase）购买、购货41 S/C（sales contract）销售确认书42 L/C （letter of credit）信用证43 B/L （bill of lading）提单44 FOB （free on board）离岸价45 CIF （cost,insurance补充：CR=credit贷方，债主DR=debt借贷方（注意：国外常说的debt card，就是银行卡，credit card就是信誉卡。

剑桥商务英语词汇大全

剑桥商务英语词汇大全

.Unit 1 the 3 sectors of economy经济的三个部分Infrastructure 基础结构Lean produce 精益生产Warehouse 仓库Industrial units 工业区Residential building 住宅区Agricultural land 农耕区Housing estate地产Managing director 董事总经理，总裁Wholesale outlet 批发商店Retail outlet 零售店Calculation of price 价格计算Added value 增值Smelt 熔炼，提炼Mill 磨Weld 焊接Ex works 出厂价Up stream 上游Down stream 下游Total picture 全局Maintenance 保养，维修Bauxite 铝土矿Coil 线圈Cement 水泥Labor cost 劳力成本Semi-finished 半成品Finished product 成品Department of health 卫生部Primary sector 第一产业Secondary sector 第二产业Tertiary sector 第三产业Raw material 原材料Administration 管理Law 司法Computing 计算机操作Personnel 人事Distribute 分配，配送Health care 医疗卫生Logistics 物流Assemble 装配Disassemble 拆卸Assembling line 生产线Iron ore 铁矿石Division of labor 劳动分工Heavy industry 重工业Light industry 轻工业Marketing 市场营销Chain of command 指挥系统，行政管理系统Core technology 核心技术Know-how 技术诀窍Labor-intensive 劳动密集型Technology-intensive 技术密集型Capital-intensive 资本密集型Hinterland 内地，腹地Initial outlay 初期投资Garments 服装Unit 2 management 管理Manager’s job= planning+ organizing+ leading+ controlling Allocate resources 分配资源Pay and promotion 薪酬和晋升Modify 修正Line manager 一线经理Immediate line manager 直接下属的一线经理Top manager 高层经理Top management 高层管理Middle management 中层管理Supplier 供应商Public authorities 政府部门Be advised 听取意见Distributor 分销商Swiss franc 瑞士法郎Appreciate 升值Depreciate 贬值Component of economy 经济部门Good will resource 商誉Human resource 人力资源Natural resource 自然资源Market share 市场份额Monopoly in/ of/ on 垄断，专利品Management skills 管理技能Management tactics 管理技巧Decision-making 决策Board of directors 董事会Chairman of the board 董事长High-performance car 高性能汽车Tangible/ physical resources 有形资源Capital resources 资本资源Superior 上级Subordinate 下属Senior manager 资深经理Junior manager 初级经理Corporate culture 公司文化Check and balance 制衡Hardware 五金，硬件Monopoly/ lock 垄断Interchangement 互换Solution provider 方案提供商Chain store 连锁店Work experience 工作经历Working hour 工作时间Price v. 定价；比价Chief operation office 首席运营官Operation management 作业管理Financial management 财务管理HR management 人力资源管理Marketing management 销售管理Logistics management 物流管理OTC= over the counter 成药Arts 文科Science 理科Engineering 工科Simulate 仿造，模仿High-end product 高端产品Rock bottom price 最低价Frills 虚饰Target market 目标市场Empowerment 赋权Ad hoc 特别，专门Task force 特遣部队，特别行动组Cash and assets 现金和资产Buffer= cushion 起缓冲作用的人或物Leeway 余地，余裕Product 产品Productivity 生产率Produce 生产；特产local produce 地方特产Delegation 代表团Corporate statement = mission statement 公司主旨Aim/ vision 愿景Corporate image 公司形象For here 堂食To go 带走Focus group 焦点小组Innovation 创新，革新Manageable 可管理的，可处理的Set objective 设置目标Safety net 安全网Dismiss 解职，开除Expertise 专门技术Merchandise 商品，货物Verify 检验，核实IBM= International Business MachinesThe retail sector 零售业Predescribed quantities 预先定好的数量Layout 布局Sales staff 销售人员Working environment 工作环境Day-to-day logistics 日常物流，后勤Day-to-day running of the store 商店的日常运营Strategic management 战略管理Formulating strategy 制定战略Delegation 授权Parameter 参数High street= main street 大众的（商品）Replenish→replenishment （货物的）补充Members of staff 公司职员Voice your consent 抱怨Inventory = stock 库存Policy 保单（a contract of insurance）Philosophy 理念Regular meeting 例会，常规会议Accountability 问责性Unit 3 company structure 公司结构Recruitment 雇佣，招募Remuneration 报酬Department of legal affairs 法务部Purchase 采购部IT 信息技术部R&D 研发部Tooling 加工部Immediate boss 直接上司Immediate subordinate 直接下属Autonomous 自制的Decentralization 分散化，权力下放，分权Function 功能Hierarchy 等级Line authority 直线职权Report to 向……负责Subordinates 下属Matrix 矩阵Assistant manager 助理经理Manager assistant 经理助理Functional structure 机能结构 = production+ finance+ marketing市场营销+ sales+ personnel/ HRLead time 订货交付时间Reorganization 改组Operating division 运营段，运营分部Overlap 重叠Commercial division 商业银行Private banking 私人理财International division 国际银行Investment division 投资银行Inherent problem 固有的问题Product manager 产品经理Market segment 市场细分Autonomy 自治权Priority 优先权Dimensional 四维基质的Sales force 销售队伍Commission 提成Optional features 可选功能，可选装置Cash balance 现金平衡Credit facility 信用工具Profit margin 利益空间Research and development spending 研发投入Self-financing 使用自有资金，自筹资金Organization chart 组织结构图Market research 市场调研（部）Teller 出纳Advertising and promotion 广告与促销Publicity 宣传Industrial belt 工业带Corporate ethos 公司风气Collaboration 协作Insulated = isolated 隔绝的Fragmentation 分裂Subsidiary 分公司Openness 开放性Downsizing 裁员Downturn 下滑Recession 衰退Chief financial officer 财务总监Unit 4 work and motivation工作和动机Induce 劝诱，促使Incentive 动力，刺激Labor relations 劳资关系Labor union 工会Benefit 福利，津贴Perk 津贴，补贴Supplement 额外费用Bureaucracy 官僚主义Job safety 工作安全性Job security 工作稳定性Sales promotion 促销Remuneration 薪水Psychological well-being 心理满足Administration 行政管理Working condition 工作条件Paid holiday 带薪假日Sick pay 病假工资Pension 养老金Psychology of work 工作心理学Recognition 认可，承认Checkout till 结账柜台的现金出纳机Checkout 结账柜台Till 现金出纳机Cash till 收银台Cash register 收银处Product line 生产线Product line-up 产品系列User-friendly 易于使用的Go round 分配Creature comfort 物质享受Interface 界面程序Annual bonus 年度奖金Corporate culture 公司文化= values价值观+ beliefs信条+ norms标准Dead-end job 没前途的工作Stock order = replenishment 货物补充Hygiene 卫生Play pool 打台球Health screening program 健康检查Sales floor 店面Trade floor 交易所Bus depot 汽车总站Profit-sharing programme 收益分享Career training 职业培训Working week 工作周Pre-school age children 学前儿童Premise 工作场所Subsidize 补贴Tinned food 罐装食物Piecework system 计件系统Pay scheme 薪酬计划Unit 5 management and cultural diversity 管理与文化多样性Localization 本地化Globalization 全球化Pay-for-performance 绩效工资Collectivist 集体主义的Sales rep 商品经销代理Universalist 普爱论者Particularist 排他主义者Glocalization 全球地方化Multinational 跨国公司Unit 6 recruitment 招聘Applicant 申请人Application 申请Application form 申请表Candidate 候选人Curriculum vitae = resume 简历Employment agency 职介机构Job description 职责描述Job vacancy 职务空缺Reference 推荐信Short-list 列入最后候选名单Covering letter= cover letter 附函Give notice 预先通知（辞退）A form of headhunters 猎头公司Follow up 跟进Preliminary selection 初选Testimonials 证明书，推荐书Synchronized sewing 同步缝纫Traineeship 培训Referee 介绍人，推荐人Controlling stake 控股权Contingency 意外事件Contingency plan 应变计划Contingency fund 以外开支准备金Core competence 核心竞争力Home provider 持家者Stereotype 成见Maternity leave 产假Sick pay 病假The trade 同行Trade union = labor union 工会Working class 无产阶级，工薪族Child-bearingChild-rearingAffirmative action 倾向性法案Positive discrimination 积极差别Corporate affairs 公司事务Allowances 津贴，补贴Unit 7 labor relationship劳资关系Trade union= labor union 工会Motorway 高速公路Collective bargaining 集体谈判Go-slow= slowdown 怠工Working-to-rule 按章工作Industrial action 劳工行动Picket 纠察Rate of production 生产速率Premises 企业的房屋建筑及附属场地Outsource 外包Subcontract 转包Subcontractor 承包商Out of house 机构外部的In-house 机构内部的Backstreet 偏僻街道Bill 开出账单，收取费用Staff levels 人员配备情况Bargaining power 议价权Conglomerate 联合大公司，企业集团Arch-rival 主要竞争对手Penalty point 违章扣分记录Pay-as-you-go 打多少交多少话费Auditor 审计员Adversary 对手，敌手Working hours gongzuoshijWorking practices 工作惯例Uneconomic job 不赚钱的工作Tyranny 专制Deregulation 解除管制Work force 劳动力Public sector 共有部门Unit 8 production生产Flexible production line 柔性生产线Trade-off 妥协，协调，平衡Opportunity cost 机会成本Sunk cost 沉没成本Raw materials 原材料Semi-finished 半成品Finished 成品Product defect 质量缺陷Excess capacity 剩余产能Fixed cost 固定成本Variable cost 可变成本Cash flow 现金流Information flow 信息流Material flow 物料流Logistics 物流Lost sales 销售损失Market share 市场份额Production run 生产周期Mother-board 主板Hard disc 硬盘Chip 芯片Chassis （汽车）底盘Call center 呼叫中心OEM= original equipment manufacter 设备原产商，贴牌制造商Lean production 精益生产= stockless production 零库存生产= JIT= just-in-time production 准时制生产= continuous flow manufacture 连续流程生产PPM= piece per million 每百万件瑕疵率Continuous improvement= kaizen= kaizan 改善哲学Deming cycle= PDCA= plan-do-check-act 德明环ERP= enterprise resources planning 企业资源计划Scientific outlook 科学发展观No slack 无松懈，无容余Hi-fi= high fidelity 高保真Wi-fi= wireless fidelity 无线保真Operation manager 操作经理，运营经理Lead time 交付时间，订货到收货时间间隔Outsourcing= contracting out 外包Plant 工厂Subcontractor 承包商，分包商Economies of scale 规模经济Handling 搬运Depreciation 贬值Set-up 机器设置Obsolescence 过时，废弃Theft 盗窃，偷盗Breakage 破损Leakage 渗漏Under-utilizing 开工不足Defective 次品Quantity discount 大宗购买折扣Stimulate demand 刺激需求Sabotage 蓄意破坏Throughput 生产量，加工阶段Throughput time 输入到输出的加工阶段所需时间Product mix 产品组合Product line 产品系列，产品线Product range 产品范围QC department= quality department 质量部Knock-on 附带效果，间接影响，累积效果Knock-on effect 连续反应Circuit board 电路板Implant 植入Transplant 移植Refine process 完善Refinery 精炼厂TQM= Total quality management 全面质量管理Assembling 组装Distribute 分销Equipment 设备，（企业除了房产以外的）固定资产Facility 设备Joint venture 合资企业Location 位置，选址Operation 操作，运营Parts 零件Recall 召回Storage 贮藏（量）Work in process 正在进行的工作Unit 9 products产品Launch a product 发布产品Brand loyalty 品牌忠诚度Brand awareness 品牌知名度Brand preference 品牌偏爱度Brand switcher 转换不同牌子的人Product line 产品线Product line-up 全系列产品Product mix 产品组合（一种产品的不同形式）Product range 产品范围PLC= Product life cycle 产品生命周期Niche 缝隙Niche market 缝隙市场Line-stretching 产品线的扩展Line filling 产品系列的填补Market segment 细分市场Segmentation of the market 市场细分High-end market 高端市场Low-end market 低端市场Up-market 向高端市场Down-market 向低端市场Product image 产品形象Corporate image 公司形象Shelf life 货架期，存活期Sell-by date 销售期限Expiration date= expire date 产品有效期Eye-soreAround the clock 24小时营业Portion 一客Dehydrate 使脱水Shareholder= stockholder 股东Stakeholder 利益一致者，风险共担体制Logo 标志Slogan 口号Service station （高速公路旁的）服务站Desktop machine 台式机器Financing 融资Economics 经济情况，经济因素Color scheme 色彩主题，色彩搭配Credit facility 信用工具Warranty = guarantee 保修Maintenance 维修保养After-sales service 售后服务Brand name 品牌Brand 商标，牌子Shelf space 货架空位Product development 产品研发Profitability 利润率Vending machine 自动售货机Prototype 原型，雏形Augmented 扩张的Delivery 交货，交付Initiative 主动积极性Market share 市场份额，市场占有率Multi-brand strategy 多品牌策略Vandalize 蓄意损坏公物Retailer 零售商Colgate 高露洁Philips 飞利浦Procter & Gamble 宝洁Unilever 联合利华Yamaha 雅马哈Unit 10 marketing市场营销Marketing mix市场营销组合，营销要素组合= product+ promotion+ price+ place Promotion 促销= advertising+ word of mouth+ public relations+ point of saleMarketing= advertising 广告+ personal selling 人员推销+ sales promotion 促销+ publicity and public relations 宣传和公共关系Optional 选择（配置）Standard 标准（配置）Personal selling 人员推销Direct marketing 直销Direct mail 直邮Business market= producer market= industrial 商务市场，生产资料市场Consumer market 消费市场List price 标价= suggested retail price= recommended retail price 建议零售价Management consulting 管理咨询Tie range 领带系列Texture 质地Lycra 莱卡Take remedial action 采取补救措施Qualitative analysis 定性分析Quantitive research 定量分析Internal research 内部分析Raw/ primary/ first-hand data 一手数据Secondary/ second-hand data 二手数据Academic journal 学术期刊Trade journal 行业期刊Wine testing session 品酒会Sample v. 尝试，品尝Distribution channel 分销渠道，配送渠道Market research= marketing research 市场研究，市场调研Centrality 集中性Console 控制台Focus group 焦点小组Head office 公司总部Market opportunity 市场机会Integration 整合Marketer 营销人员Publicity 宣传Questionnaire 调查问卷Sales promotion 促销活动Selling 推销Target customer 目标顾客Hard-sell 硬性推销Market segmentation 市场细分Point of sale 销售点Product concept 产品概念Product features 产品功能Sales representative 销售代理B2B= business to business 企业对企业Selling concept 销售概念Marketing concept 行销概念Differential advantage 差异优势Integrated marketing 整合营销Discount 折扣Payment periodCredit terms 信用调侃Product manager 产品经理Brand manager 品牌经理Annual report 年报Unit11 advertising广告Advertising account 广告客户Advertising agent 广告公司Advertising campaign 广告宣传，广告攻势Brief 摘要Budget 预算Commercial 广播或电视广告Comparative-parity method 相对平等方法，比较奇偶方法Cost per thousand= CPM 每一千个成本Counter-cyclical advertising 非循环的广告Diminishing returns 收益递减Exposure 暴露Frequency 频率Institutional advertising 机构广告= prestige advertising 声望广告Media plan 媒体计划Media space 媒体空间Message 讯息，广告词OTS= opportunity to see 可见机会Prospective customer 潜在顾客Sales revenue 销售收入Sponsorship 赞助Target market 目标市场Threshold effect 门槛效应Turnover 流通量，营业额，周转Word-of-mouth advertising 口口相传，口碑Billboard = hoarding 广告牌Classified advertisement 分类广告Paid advertising 付费广告Advertising strategy 广告策略Poster 海报Purchasing frequency 购买平率Buyer turnover 新入场客户Match 追平Excessive advertising 过度广告Voiceover 画外音Unit12 promotional tools促销工具Promotion tools 促销工具= advertising 广告+ personal selling 人员推销+ sales promotion 提升销量+public relations 公共关系Brand awareness 品牌知名度Brand loyalty 品牌忠诚度Coupon 优惠券Introduction stage 引入期Growth stage 增长期，上升阶段Maturity stage 成熟期Decline stage 衰退期，下降阶段Loss leader 特价商品Planning 计划Positioning 定位Price-conscious 对价格敏感的Sales force 销售队伍Salespeople 售货员Sample 样品Trial 尝试Free trial 免费试用Publicity 宣传Paid advertising 付费广告Novel product 新产品Aim 指向Reduction 降价Rebate 回扣Promotional strategy 促销策略Promotional tactic 促销技巧Reduced-price pack 经济装Distributor 分销商Retailer 零售商Dealer 代理商Off-season 淡季Unit 13 accounting and financial statements 会计和财务报表Accountancy 会计师Accountant 会计师Accounting equation 会计恒等式Accounting 会计学Accrue 自然增加Accrued expenses 应计费用Accumulate 累计Amortization 摊销Annual report 年度报告Appreciate 增值Auditing 审计Bookkeeping 簿记Capitalization 资本化Cash flow 现金流Cost accounting 成本会计Creative accounting 粉饰财务状况Credit 信用，贷方Creditors债权人= accounts payable 应付账款Debit 借方Debt 债务Debtors债务人= accounts receivable 应收账款Depreciation 折旧Dividend 股息，红利Double-entry bookkeeping 复式簿记，复式记账法Earnings 收益Expenditure 支出，花费Expenses 费用，开支Financial statement 财务决算，财务报表Finished products 成品，产品Fixed assets 固定资产Current assets 流动资产Going concern 持续经营Goodwill 商誉Income 收益Interest 利息Long term liabilities 长期负债Current liabilities 流动负债，短期负债Managerial accounting 管理会计Market capitalization 市场资本化Nominal value 票面价值Market value 市场价值Quantify 量化Retained earnings 留存收益Revenue （销售）收入Self proprietorship 独资企业Shareholder= stockholder 股东Stock= inventory 库存Liability for tax 税务负担Transaction 交易Managerial accounting 管理会计Tax accounting 税务会计Cost accounting 成本会计Prepare budget 编制预算Financial report 财务报表Value v 定价Income & expenditure 收入和支出Debits & credits 借与贷Assets & liabilities 资产与负债Unit cost 单位成本Auditing 审计IRS= Internal Revenue Service 美国税务署Tax authority 税务局CPA= Certificated Public Accountant 注册会计师File a tax return 报税Income tax return 所得税表Income tax 所得税Sales tax 销售税Self-proprietorship 个体户Partnership 合伙，合股Tax break 减免税Turnover 销售收入，总收入Charged against profits 从利润中扣除On credit 赊账Overheads= overhead 固定费用Variable cost 可变成本Shareholder= stockholder 股东Pay liabilities 偿债Purchase price 购买价Depreciation charge 折旧费Understate 低估Overstate 高估Inflation 通货膨胀Deflation 通货紧缩Historical cost accounting 历史成本会计Net book value 净账面价值= purchase value – depreciation chargeCurrent cost accounting 时价会计Replacement cost accounting 重置成本会计Specify v. 规定Profit and loss account= income statement 损益表 (shows earnings & expenditure, i.e. turnover+ costs+ expensed+ overheads )Balance sheet 资产负债表(shows financial situation on particular date, i.e. assets+ long-term & short-term liabilities+ shareholder’s funds)Financial year 财政年度Assets 资产= debtors/ accounts receivable + intangible assetsIntangible assets 无形资产=patents 专利+ goodwill 商誉+ copyrights 版权+ trade marks 商标Liabilities 负债=creditors/ account payableLong-term liabilities= loans 贷款+ bonds 债券Short-term liabilities=taxes+ interests 利息Assets=liabilities+ owners’ equity 资本主权，业主产权（股东对资产清偿所有债务之后剩余价值的所有权）Assets-liabilities= owners’ equity/ net assets 净资产Share capital 股本，股份资本Share premium= paid-in surplus 股份溢价（超过股票票面价值的所得）Market capitalization 市场资本总值，市场资本总额Reserves 储量profit→taxation, dividend, retained profitFunds flow statement 资金流量表Source and application of funds statement 资金来源和应用表Statement of changes in financial position 财务状况变动报表Consolidated financial statement 合并财务报表IAS= International Accounting Standards 国际会计标准Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period 期初现金Net cash from operating activities 运营净现金Net profit 净利润Retained earnings 留存收益Non-current assets 非流动资产Pre-paid expenses 预付费用Treasury shares 回购股票Translation differences 折算差Deferred tax liabilities 递延税负债Interest-bearing liabilities 有息贷款VAT= value added tax 增值税Associated company 关联公司Minority interests 少数股权Proceeds 所得收入Unit 14 banking 银行业务Personal banking 个人银行业务Cash card 现金卡，借记卡Credit card 信用卡Cash dispenser= ATM= automatic teller machine 自动取款机，自动柜员机Home banking 家庭银行（网银+电话银行）Loan 贷款Mortgage 抵押贷款，按揭Overdraft= overdraw 透支Current account= checking account 活期账户Deposit account= time account= notice account 定期账户Standing order= direct debit 长期委托书The banking industry 银行业Commercial bank= retail bank 商业银行，零售银行Foreign currency 外币Foreign exchange 外汇Spread= margin 差额Credit 借贷Note 纸币Cheque= check 支票Coin 硬币Yield & risk 收益与风险Liquidity 资产流动性Maturity 到期Investment bank= merchant bank 投资银行Issue securities 发行证券Underwrite securities 包销，分销证券Merger 并购Takeover 收购，接管Stockbroker 股票经纪人Portfolio management 投资组合Fee and commission 佣金Universal bank 综合银行Central bank 中央银行Minimum interest rate 最低利率Discount rate 贴现利率Blue chip borrower 蓝筹公司Base rate= prime rate 基本利率Credit standing= credit rating= creditworthiness 信用评价Solvency 偿付能力Collateral 抵押品，担保物Foreign bank 外国银行，外资银行Eurocurrency 外国持有的欧洲货币Petrodollar 石油美元Unit 15 stocks and shares股票Unlimited liability 无限责任Limited liability 有限责任Creditor 债权人Legal entity 法律实体Wound up 中止Liquidate 清算Venture capital 风险投资Memorandum of Association= Certificate of Incorporation 公司执照Article of Association= bylaws 公司条令Director 董事Public listed company= listed company= Publicly quoted company上市公司Shareholder= stockholder 股东Registrar of companies 公司登记处Over-the-counter market 场外交易市场Alternative Investment Market (London) 另类投资市场NasdaqBe quoted= be listed 上市Stock exchange 股票交易所Issue share 发行股票First Public Offering =IPO=Make a flotation= float a company首次公开募股Investment bank 投资银行Underwrite the issue 包销Rights issue 权利股发行Capitalize 资本化Bonus issue 红股发行Annual General Meeting= Annual Meeting of Stockholders 股东年会Residual value 残留价值Liquidation 清算Secondary market 二级市场Nominal value= face value= par value 票面价值Share= stock= equity 股票Blue chip 蓝筹Defensive stock 防御性股票Growth stock 成长性股票Insider share-dealing 内部交易Institutional investor 机构投资者Mutual fund 互惠基金，互利基金Market-maker 造市商Portfolio 组合投资Stockbroker 股票经纪人Cyclical trend 周期性趋势Pension fund 养老基金Insurance company 保险公司Unit 16 bonds 债券Obligation 负债Opportunity cost 机会成本Issue bonds 发行债券Blue chip company 蓝筹公司Rate 评价，估值Rating company 评估公司Standard & Poors 标准普尔Investment grade 投资评级Bearer certificate 不记名债券Primary market 一级市场Secondary bond market 二级债券市场Liquid 变现的Par 面值Coupon 息票Debt financing 负债融资Equity financing 股票融资Tax shield 税收挡避Debt-equity ratio 负债与权益比率Receipts 收入Gilt-edged securities 金边证券Treasury bond 长期国库债券Short-term treasury bill 短期国库券Circulation 流通Redeem 赎回Convertible bond 可转换债券Junk bond 垃圾债券Unit 17 futures and derivativesFutures 期货交易，期货合约Financial asset 金融资产Option 期权Commodities 大宗商品Derivatives 衍生物Hedging 对冲，套期保值Speculation 投机(Write a) Call option 看涨期权Put option 看跌期权Discount store 打折店Spot market 现货市场Futures market 期货市场Forward contract 远期合约Premium 溢价Exchange rate 汇率Interest rate 利率London International Financial Futures Exchange=LIFFE 伦敦国际金融期货交易所Exercise price= strike price 执行价Swap 掉期Currency swap 外汇掉期Interest rate swap 利率掉期Preferential rate 优惠汇率Profit and loss account 损益表Securities and Exchange Commission=SEC 证券交易管理委员会International Swaps and Derivatives Association=ISDA 国际掉期与衍生物协会End user 最终用户Corporate governance 公司监管Stop-loss limit 止损点Scenario analysis 情景分析Sensitivity analysis 敏感度分析Front line personnel 一线人员Police vt. 监管Code of conduct 行为规范Unsolicited 主动提供的Shoot through the floor 涨疯了Unit 18 market structure and competitionDurable consumer goods 耐用消费品Market leader 市场领导者Market follower 市场跟从者Market challenger 市场挑战者Market share 市场份额Market segmentation 市场细分Differential advantage 差别又是Unique selling point=USP 独特卖点Submarket 刺激市场Potential customer 潜在客户Barrier to entry 进入门槛Cartel 卡特尔Dominant-firm oligopoly 寡头垄断Economies of scale 规模经济Monopolistic competition 垄断竞争Monopoly 垄断Monopsony 买家垄断Natural monopoly 自然垄断Oligopoly 寡头垄断Perfect competition 完全竞争Homogenous 同类的，同质的Public utility 公用事业Marginal cost 边际成本Unit 19 takeovers, mergers and buyoutsMergers and acquisition 并购Backward integration 向后合并Forward integration 向前合并Horizontal integration 横向合并Vertical integration 纵向合并Innovate 创造发明Diversify 多样化Raid 企图收购Takeover 收购出价Politics 权术，勾心斗角Optimum 最合适的Scanning electron microscope 扫描电子显微镜Craftsmanship 技术，技艺Leica 莱卡World-class player 世界级的玩家，世界级角色Rightsize 精简机构人员，合理简化On a day’s notice 提前一天通知On short notice 突然Leveraged buyouts=LBO 杠杆收购Management buyout= MBO 管理层收购Synergy 协同Asset-stripping 资产剥离Equity capital 股本Junk bond 垃圾债券UNIT 20 efficiency and employmentComputerization 计算机化Flexibility 灵活性Public services 公共服务Self-employment 自我雇佣Decentralization 分权Free trade 自由贸易Job-sharing 工作分享Rationalization 精简增效Deregulation 解除管制Productivity 生产效率Restructuring 重组Structural change 结构改变Welfare 福利Monetary policy 货币政策Private rent sector 私人租赁市场Downturn 下滑Recession 衰退Tenure 任期Downsizing 减员Agency employmentRhetoric 说辞Received wisdom 流行观点Unemployment benefit 失业救济Sack 解雇Job insecurity 工作不稳定性Employability 可雇佣性Structural unemployment 结构性失业Frictional unemployment 摩擦性失业Cyclical unemployment 周期性失业Structural shift 结构性改变Job retention rate 工作留用率UNIT 21 Business cycleClassical economic theory 古典经济理论Welfare capitalism 福利资本主义Vitality 活力Perfect competition 完全竞争，自由竞争Free enterprise 自由市场Well-being 幸福Unit 22 the role of governmentMarket forces 市场力量Health Department 卫生部National Health Service 全民医疗Undercurrent 潜流Good society 良性社会State action 国家行为Health care 医疗服务Underclass 底层The affluent 富人Planned economy 计划经济Central economic planning 中央经济规划Intervention 干预Coerce vt. 强迫Mortician 殡葬业者A host of 很多Dispose of 用掉，用光Industry 实业Department of Trade and Industry= DTI 贸易工业部Unit 23 central banking, money and taxationFiscal policy 财政政策Monetary policy 货币政策Open market operation 开放市场操作Bank run 挤兑Liquidity ratio 现金比率Branch of the government 政府部门Budgetary policy 预算政策Budget deficit 预算赤字US Federal Reserve 美联储Price stability 价格稳定，物价稳定Declare （海关）申报Levy tax at… 对……征税Income tax 所得税Direct tax 直接税Indirect tax 间接税Value-added tax 增值税Regressive tax 递减税Progressive tax 递增税Sales tax 销售税Capital gains tax 资本所得税Capital transfer tax 资本转移税Wealth tax 财富税Tax evasion 逃税，漏税Tax avoidance 避税Government expenditure 政府支出Excise duties 消费税，国内货物税Corporation tax 公司税Marginal rate 边际率Black economy= underground economy 黑色经济，地下经济，非法经济Moonlighting 兼差Self-employed 自雇Family firm 家庭企业Gross national production= GNP 国民生产总值Loophole 漏洞Life insurance人寿保险Tax shelter 减免税收合法手段Tax loss 负税亏损Capital expenditure 资本支出，基本建设费用Money laundering 洗钱Unit 24 exchange rates 外汇利率The Bretton Woods agreement 布雷顿森林体系Fixed exchange rate 固定利率Floating exchange rate 浮动利率Peg against 挂钩Promissory note 本票International Monetary Fund 国际货币基金组织Devaluation 贬值Revaluation 升值Gold convertibilityFreely/ clean floating exchange rate 清洁浮动利率Managed/ dirty floating exchange rate 管制/肮脏浮动利率Purchasing power parity=PPP 购买力平价Convertible currency 可兑换货币European monetary system= EMS 欧洲货币体系Spread 差价Exchange Rate Mechanism= ERM 汇率机制Sterling 英国货币D-mark 德国马克Hedging 对冲Accelerated depreciation 加速折旧Capital flow 资本流Cash flow 现金流Common currency 共同货币Floating rate note 浮动利率债券，浮动利率票据Gold standard 金本位Managed floating 管制浮动Managed fund 投资基金Off-the-peg 脱钩Pegged 挂钩的Pure floating 纯粹浮动Unit 25 the business cycle。

备考BEC必背商务英语词汇

备考BEC必背商务英语词汇

备考BEC必背商务英语词汇备考BEC必背商务英语词汇BEC，指的是剑桥商务英语资格考试;剑桥系列考试中专为学习者提供的国际商务英语资格证书考试，考察真实工作环境中英语交流能力。

下面是店铺整理的商务英语词汇，希望能帮到大家!petty cash n. 零用现金phase out n. 分阶段停止使用pick v. 提取生产用零部件或给顾客发货 picking list n. 用于择取生产或运输订货的表格pie chart n. 饼形图pilot n. 小规模试验pipeline n. 管道，渠道plant capacity n. 生产规模，生产能力 plot v. 标绘，策划plough back n. 将获利进行再投资 point of sale (POS) n. 销售点policy n. 政策，规定, 保险单portfolio n. (投资)组合 portfolio management n. 组合证券管理post n. 邮件，邮局;职位 position n. 职位potential n. 潜在力，潜势 power n. 能力purchasing power 购买力PR=Public Relations 公共关系preference shares n. 优先股 price n. 价格market price 市场价，市价 retail price 零售价probation n. 试用期 product n. 产品production cycle n. 生产周期 production schedule n. 生产计划product life cycle n. 产品生命周期product mix n.产品组合(种类和数量的组合) productive adj. 生产的，多产的 profile n. 简介形象特征 profit n. 利润 operating profit n. 营业利润profit and loss account n. 损益账户project v. 预测promote v . 推销 promotion n. 提升，升级 proposal n. 建议，计划prospect n. 预期，展望prospectus n. 计划书，说明书prosperity n. 繁荣，兴隆prototype n. 原型，样品 publicity n. 引起公众注意 public adj. 公众的，公开的 go public 上市public sector 公有企业publicity n. 公开场合，名声，宣传publics n.公众，(有共同兴趣的)人或社会人士punctual adj. 准时的punctuality n. 准时purchase v. & n. 购买purchaser n. 买主，采购人QC(=Quality Circle) n. 质检人员qualify v. 有资格，胜任qualified adj. 有资格的，胜任的，合格的 qualification n. 资格，资格证明 quality n. 质量quality assurance n. 质量保证 quality control 质量控制，质量管理quarterly adj./adv. 季度的，按季度 questionnaire n. 调查表，问卷 quote n. 报价，股票牌价 quotation n. 报价，股票牌价R&D Research and Development 研究与开发 radically adv. 根本地，彻底地raise n.(美)增薪v.增加，提高;提出，引起 range n. 系列产品 rank n./v. 排名 rapport n. 密切的关系，轻松愉快的.气氛 rate n. 比率，费用fixed rate 固定费用，固定汇率going rate 现行利率，现行汇率rating 评定结果 ratio n. 比率 rationalize v. 使更有效，使更合理 raw adj. 原料状态的，未加工的raw material n. 原材料 receive v. 得到 receipt n. 收据 receiver n. 接管人，清算人 accounts receivable 应收帐receivership n. 破产管理 recession n. 萧条 reckon v. 估算，认为recognize v. 承认 reconcile v. 使……相吻合，核对，调和 recoup v. 扣除，赔偿 recover v. 重新获得，恢复recovery n. 重获，恢复recruit v. 招聘，征募n. 新招收的人员recruitment n. 新成员的吸收 red n. 红色 in the red 赤字，负债reduce v. 减少 reduction n. 减少 redundant adj. 过多的，被解雇的 redundancy n. 裁员，解雇 reference n. 参考，参考资料reference number (Ref. No.) 产品的参考号码 refund n./v. 归还，偿还 region n. 地区reimburse v. 偿还，报销reject n./v. 拒绝 reliability n. 可靠性relief n. 减轻，解除，救济relocate v. 调动，重新安置remuneration n. 酬报，酬金 rent v. 租 n. 租金rep (代表)的缩写report to v. 低于(某人)，隶属，从属reposition v. (为商品)重新定位represent v. 代表，代理representative n. 代理人，代表 reputation n. 名声，声望reputable adj. 名声/名誉好的 reserves n. 储量金，准备金 resign v. 放弃，辞去resignation n. 辞职resistance n. 阻力，抵触情绪respond v. 回答，答复 response n. 回答，答复 restore v. 恢复result/results n. 结果，效果 retail n./v. 零售 retailer n. 零售商retained earnings n. 留存收益 retire v. 退休 retirement n. 退休return n. 投资报酬return on investment (ROI) n. 投资收入，投资报酬 revenue n. 岁入，税收 review v./n. 检查 reward n./v. 报答，报酬，奖赏 rework v. (因劣质而)重作 risk capital n. 风险资本 rival n. 竞争者，对手 adj.竞争的rocket v. 急速上升，直线上升，飞升ROI Return on Investment 投资利润 roughly adv. 粗略地 round adj. 整数表示的，大约 round trip 往返的行程royalty n. 特许权，专利权税 run v. 管理，经营 running adj. 运转的 sack v. 解雇 sales force 销售人员 sample n. 样品v. 试验;抽样检验 saturation n. (市场的)饱和(状态) saturate v. 饱和 save v. 节省，储蓄 savings n. 存款scale n. 刻度，层次 scapegoat n. 替罪羊scare adj. 缺乏的，不足的 scrap n. 废料或废品 seasonal adj. 季节性的section n. 部门sector n. 部门securities n. 债券及有价证券segment n. 部分v. 将市场划分成不同的部分 segmentation n. 将市场划分成不同的部门 semi-skilled adj. 半熟练的 settle v. 解决，决定settlement n. 解决，清偿，支付 service n. 服务，帮佣 services n. 专业服务 settle v. 安排，支付 set up v. 创立 share n. 股份shareholder n. 股东shelf-life n. 货架期(商品可以陈列在货架上的时间shift n. 轮班showroom n. 陈列室simulation n. 模拟 shop n. 商店closed shop 限制行业(只允许本工会会员)open shop 开放行业(非会员可从事的工作)shop steward 工会管事 shop floor 生产场所shortlist n.供最后选择的候选人名单v. 把……列入最后的候选人名单 sick leave 病假sick note 病假条 sick pay 病假工资skilled employee n. 熟练工人skimming n. 高额定价，撇奶油式定价slogan n. 销售口号 slump n. 暴跌a slump in sales 销售暴跌 soft-sell n.劝诱销售(术)，软销售(手段) software n. 软件sole adj. 仅有的，单独的sole distributor 独家分销商 solvent adj. 有偿付能力的 sourcing n. 得到供货 spare part n. 零部件 specification n. 产品说明 split v. 分离spokesman n. 发言人sponsor n. 赞助者(为了商品的广告宣传) spread n. (股票买价和卖价的)差额 stable adj. 稳定的 staff n. 职员stag n. 投机认股者v. 炒买炒卖stagnant adj. 停滞的，萧条的statute n. 成文法 statutory adj. 法定的 steadily adv. 稳定地，平稳地 stock n. 库存，股票 stock exchange n. 证券交易所stockbroker n. 股票经纪人 stock controller 库房管理者 storagen. 贮藏，库存量strategy n. 战略 streamline v. 精简机构，提高效率 stress n. 压力，紧迫 strike n. 罢工 structure n. 结构，设备subcontract v. 分包(工程项目)，转包 subordinate n. 下级adj.下级的 subscribe v. 认购 subsidiary n. 子公司subsidize v. 补贴，资助 subsidy n. 补助金substantially adv. 大量地，大幅度地 summarize v. 概括，总结superior n. 上级，长官supervisor n. 监督人，管理人supervisory adj. 监督的，管理的 supply n./v. 供给，提供 survey n 调查。

剑桥商务英语必背商务术语

剑桥商务英语必背商务术语

剑桥商务英语必背商务术语merce， trade， trading 贸易inland trade， home trade， domestic trade， internal trade， interior trade 国内贸易international trade 国际贸易foreign trade， external trade 对外贸易，外贸terms of trade 贸易条件free-trade area 自由贸易区import， importation 进口importer 进口商export， exportation 出口exporter 出口商mercial channels 商业渠道customs 海关customs duty 关税quota 配额，限额item 工程，细目mercial transaction 买卖，交易manufacturer 制造商，制造厂middleman 中间商，经纪人dealer 经销商wholesaler 批发商retailer 零售商tradesman 零售商merchant 商人 (英)批发商，(美)零售商concessionaire， licensed dealer 受让人，特许权获得者consumer 消费者，用户client， customer 顾客，客户buyer 买主，买方stocks 存货，库存量purchase 购置，进货sale 销售bulk sale 整批销售，趸售wholesale 批发retail trade 零售业cash sale 现货hire-purchase 分期付款购置 (美作：installment plan) petition 竞争petitor 竞争者petitive 竞争的unfair petition 不合理竞争dumping profit margin 倾销差价，倾销幅度trademark 商标registered trademark 商标registered office， head office 总公司，总店，总部。

剑桥商务英语完整笔记（词汇）

剑桥商务英语完整笔记（词汇）

剑桥商务英语完整笔记（词汇）第一篇：剑桥商务英语完整笔记(词汇)《新编剑桥商务英语用书》-Vocabulary Unit 1a Job description frozen:：adj.冷冻的，冷藏的；pharmaceutical：adj.制药的；vaccine：n.疫苗，菌苗； authority：n.权利，行政管理机构；recruit：v.招收，招聘（新成员）output：n.产量；balance sheet：决算表，平衡表；short-list：被列入初选名单；packing：n.包装，包装材料； newsletter：n.（公司、学会等刊印的）业务通讯；qualified：adj.合格的，称职的； publicity：n.宣传、宣扬；court：n.（三面有房屋的）短街；work as an accountant 担任一名会计responsible for checking 负责检查companies’ account 公司账户 involve giving financial advice 涉及提供财务建议deal with questions/problem 处理问题give advice 提意见，劝告provide a service提供服务interview an applicant 面试申请者attend meetingkeep a recordorganize a conference 举办会议give a presentation发表演讲attend training session 参加培训keep a diary写日记 organize holidayUnit 1b Working conditions efficiently：adv.效率高的；bonus：n.奖金；performance：n.进行，施行；consult：v.咨询，请教； sales performance：销售情况；overtime：n.超时工作，加班；bread down：坏掉，损坏，出毛病；presentation：n.表现、呈现，描述；overall：n.工作服；regulation：n.章程，规则；due：预定的，约定的；term：n.条款，条件；commence：v.开始，着手；inform sb.of sth.通知某人某事line manager：部门经理in operation：工作中，生效，实施中arrange…..with：与（同）…一起协商安排consult sb.about sth：向谁请教，咨询，与….商量at the current overtime rate：按现行的加班工资标准workshop 讲习班，车间Unit 2a Company history joint venture：合资企业take over：接收，接管subsidiary：n.子公司roll off：驶离 globalization：全球化AG：agent general 总经理turnover：n.营业额，销售比率bn：n.& adj.十亿shareholder：股东stake：n.股份merchandise：n.商品，货物MNE：multinational enterprise：跨国企业brochure：n.小册子 a public limited company：一家上市有限公司Unit 2b Company activities total investment：总投资diagram：n.图标，示意图；van：n.带蓬小型货车，客货两用车 assembly plant：装配厂extract：n.摘录，选段grant：n。

高级剑桥商务英语词汇

高级剑桥商务英语词汇

高级剑桥商务英语词汇导语：打好单词根底，不仅可以做好阅读听，连英语也是信手拈来。

以下是为大家的高级剑桥商务英语词汇，欢迎大家阅读与借鉴！board noun 懂事会，理事会array noun 排列，编队asset noun资产/有价值的技能、人branch office noun 分店，支店civil engineering noun 土木工程cornerstone noun 奠基石，根底corporation noun 公司，企业decade noun 十年join verb 参加，参加pension scheme noun 养老金方案或方案trade union (US labor union) noun 工会aerospace adjective/noun 航空航天空间，航空航天技术(的) beverage noun 饮料chart noun 图表electronics noun 电子学sector noun 部门/经济领域supply verb 供给，提供tertiary adjective 第三的fiscal year noun 财政年度/会计年度fledgling firm noun新公司/无的公司found verb 建立，创办innovative adjective 创新的/革新的link noun 连接(物)location noun 位置，场所maintain verb 维持，保养milestone noun 里程碑，转折点numerous adjective 许多的，无数的railroad = railway noun 铁路spearhead verb 领先/充领先锋turn of the century 世纪之交versatile adjective 万能的/多才多艺的zest noun 强烈的兴趣、热情hostile adjective 敌对的impatience noun 急躁polite adjective 有礼貌的，有教养的abroad adjective， adverb 往国外/海外announce verb 宣布，通告battery noun 电池acquaintance noun 熟人available adjective 可获得的，/可探访的career noun 事业，生涯，职业confidential adjective 机密的，秘密的detail noun 细节，详情domestic adjective 国内的exchange verb 交换，兑换disabled adjective 伤残的economy noun 经济实惠/节约措施line noun (产品的)类型，种别order book noun 订货簿outperform verb 做得比…好/胜过plant noun 设备，工厂output noun 产量，输出量quotation noun 报价(单)range noun 种类rationalize verb 合理化redundant adjective 多余的shape noun 外型，体型share noun 股份。

高级剑桥商务英语BEC口语常用词汇

高级剑桥商务英语BEC口语常用词汇

千里之行，始于足下。

高级剑桥商务英语BEC口语常用词汇以下是一些高级剑桥商务英语（BEC）口语中常用的词汇：1. Negotiation - 谈判2. Contract - 合同3. Partnership - 合作伙伴关系4. Deadline - 截止日期5. Budget - 预算6. Investment - 投资7. Profit - 利润8. Loss - 亏损9. Competition - 竞争10. Market - 市场11. Strategy - 战略12. Target - 目标13. Customer - 客户14. Sales - 销售15. Marketing - 市场营销16. Product - 产品17. Service - 服务18. Partnership - 合作伙伴19. Team - 团队20. Leadership - 领导21. Communication - 沟通22. Presentation - 演示23. Negotiation - 谈判24. Decision - 决策第1页/共2页锲而不舍，金石可镂。

25. Risk - 风险26. Opportunity - 机会27. Innovation - 创新28. Efficiency - 效率29. Quality - 质量30. Customer satisfaction - 客户满意度这些词汇将有助于您在商务英语口语中表达和讨论各种商业概念和主题。

记住，在使用这些词汇时要尽量根据上下文把握其准确含义。

剑桥商务英语词汇

剑桥商务英语词汇

剑桥商务英语词汇early settlement discount：提前付款折扣 labour cost：劳动力成本mail order company：邮购计划 headquarters：n.公司总部item：n. 产品、货物 in standard length：标准长度的article：n. 商品、项目 measurements charts：尺寸图knitted skirts：针织裙子 v endor：n. 销售商asapas soon as possible尽快cash flow：现金流向、现金流量，现金流动 cash flow gap：现金流量差额 catalogue：n.商品目录单 recommendation：n.推荐信、建议case study：案例分析 final payment：最后付款bar chart：柱形图 down payment：订金bill：vt. 要求支付…的费用 remainder：n.剩余物credit terms：信用期限、信用条件 outstanding：adj. 剩余的outstanding balance：剩余金额 order books：订货薄a shortage of cash：现金短缺 turnover：n. 营业额financing costs：筹措成本 cash on delivery：货到即付款margin：n. 利润 inventory：n.库存、存货penalty：n. 处罚、罚款 potential customer：潜在客户Self-study and Exam practiceworkmanship：尤指精细的工艺，手艺 negotiate：v.谈判，商定retail：v.零售 detail：n.细节hard sell：强行推销 flat management culture：扁平化的管理结构deliver：v. 把…送往 delivery：n.送货measurement：n.长度，高度 gap：n.缺口，差距forecast：n.预测，预报 settlement：正式协议penalty：n.惩罚，处罚 charge：n.费用，v.收费potential：adj.潜在的，可能的n.潜在性，可能性 grant：n.给予，准予patient：adj.有耐心的，忍耐的 patience：耐心，忍耐familiar：adj. 熟悉的 average：adj.平均的lack：n. v. 没有，不足，缺乏 aggressive：n.好斗的，雄心勃勃的furthermore：adv. 而且，不仅如此 however：然而，不过，但是sector：n. 尤指商业、贸易等的部门，行业 accordion：n. 手风琴for instance：例如 combination：组合，联合 promotional：电影、活动等旨在推销宣传的combine：v. 使组合 equally：adv. 相同的，相等的equalize：v. 使相等的 equality：n.平等segment：n. 部分 alternate：adj. 轮流，交替cable：n. 电缆，缆绳 forthcoming：adj. 即将，到来demonstrate：v. 证明，证实 flatter：v. 奉承，讨好，感到荣幸interest on…：…的利息，习惯用on pay for…：支付…的费用，用介词forpay in cash：in表示付款方式，以现金形式price…at：以…的价格，习惯用介词at cost of labour：劳动成本 as down payment：作为订金outstanding balance：剩余金额 30 days net：净30天 early settlement discount：提前付款折扣penalty charge：罚款currency：n.货币 paying-in slip：【英】银行存款单cash on delivery：货到付款 credit terms：信用期限，信用条件payee：n.收款人 deduct：v.减去，扣除 transaction：n.交易，事务counterfoil：n.存根 adviser：n. 顾问 interest：n.利息cashier：n.出纳 deposit：n.定金，首付dividend：n. 股息，红利 deductible：adj. 减去margin：n. 页边，空白 courier：n. 递送包裹或文件的信徒logistic：n. 后勤;逻辑 custom duty：关税overdraft：n.透支额selling point：卖点 environmental-friendliness：n. 对环境无害，有环保的特点user-friendliness：n.用户使用方便 kitchen appliances：厨房用具competitive advantage：竞争优势 diversify：vt. 多样化经营，增加产品种类haulage：n. 货运业，货运费 consignment：n. 托运的货物own-label clothing：贴名牌超市自己品牌的服装 saturate：vt. 使饱和supermarket chains：连锁超市 industry analyst：行业分析家cut-price：削价出售 retail food marker：食品零售市场mortgage：n.住房按揭，抵押 margin：n. 利差，赚头boost profit：提高利润 estate agent：房产商voucher：n.优惠，奖券 interest rate：利率incentive：n.刺激，鼓励 reputation：名誉、名望gradually：adv.逐渐的，逐步的 eventually：adv.终于、最终survey：n.调查、审视 combine：v.组合，综合outlet：n. 专卖店、分销店 fixed rate：固定利率banking on a Brand：bank on既可解释为“依赖…获利”，也含有“对…抱有信心”。

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Unit 1 the 3 sectors of economy经济的三个部分Infrastructure 基础结构Lean produce 精益生产Warehouse 仓库Industrial units 工业区Residential building 住宅区Agricultural land 农耕区Housing estate地产Managing director 董事总经理，总裁Wholesale outlet 批发商店Retail outlet 零售店Calculation of price 价格计算Added value 增值Smelt 熔炼，提炼Mill 磨Weld 焊接Ex works 出厂价Up stream 上游Down stream 下游Total picture 全局Maintenance 保养，维修Bauxite 铝土矿Coil 线圈Cement 水泥Labor cost 劳力成本Semi-finished 半成品Finished product 成品Department of health 卫生部Primary sector 第一产业Secondary sector 第二产业Tertiary sector 第三产业Raw material 原材料Administration 管理Law 司法Computing 计算机操作Personnel 人事Distribute 分配，配送Health care 医疗卫生Logistics 物流Assemble 装配Disassemble 拆卸Assembling line 生产线Iron ore 铁矿石Division of labor 劳动分工Heavy industry 重工业Light industry 轻工业Marketing 市场营销Chain of command 指挥系统，行政管理系统Core technology 核心技术Know-how 技术诀窍Labor-intensive 劳动密集型Technology-intensive 技术密集型Capital-intensive 资本密集型Hinterland 内地，腹地Initial outlay 初期投资Garments 服装Unit 2 management 管理Manager’s job= planning+ organizing+ leading+ controlling Allocate resources 分配资源Pay and promotion 薪酬和晋升Modify 修正Line manager 一线经理Immediate line manager 直接下属的一线经理Top manager 高层经理Top management 高层管理Middle management 中层管理Supplier 供应商Public authorities 政府部门Be advised 听取意见Distributor 分销商Swiss franc 瑞士法郎Appreciate 升值Depreciate 贬值Component of economy 经济部门Good will resource 商誉Human resource 人力资源Natural resource 自然资源Market share 市场份额Monopoly in/ of/ on 垄断，专利品Management skills 管理技能Management tactics 管理技巧Decision-making 决策Board of directors 董事会Chairman of the board 董事长High-performance car 高性能汽车Tangible/ physical resources 有形资源Capital resources 资本资源Superior 上级Subordinate 下属Senior manager 资深经理Junior manager 初级经理Corporate culture 公司文化Check and balance 制衡Hardware 五金，硬件Monopoly/ lock 垄断Interchangement 互换Solution provider 方案提供商Chain store 连锁店Work experience 工作经历Working hour 工作时间Price v. 定价；比价Chief operation office 首席运营官Operation management 作业管理Financial management 财务管理HR management 人力资源管理Marketing management 销售管理Logistics management 物流管理OTC= over the counter 成药Arts 文科Science 理科Engineering 工科Simulate 仿造，模仿High-end product 高端产品Rock bottom price 最低价Frills 虚饰Target market 目标市场Empowerment 赋权Ad hoc 特别，专门Task force 特遣部队，特别行动组Cash and assets 现金和资产Buffer= cushion 起缓冲作用的人或物Leeway 余地，余裕Product 产品Productivity 生产率Produce 生产；特产local produce 地方特产Delegation 代表团Corporate statement = mission statement 公司主旨Aim/ vision 愿景Corporate image 公司形象For here 堂食To go 带走Focus group 焦点小组Innovation 创新，革新Manageable 可管理的，可处理的Set objective 设置目标Safety net 安全网Dismiss 解职，开除Expertise 专门技术Merchandise 商品，货物Verify 检验，核实IBM= International Business MachinesThe retail sector 零售业Predescribed quantities 预先定好的数量Layout 布局Sales staff 销售人员Working environment 工作环境Day-to-day logistics 日常物流，后勤Day-to-day running of the store 商店的日常运营Strategic management 战略管理Formulating strategy 制定战略Delegation 授权Parameter 参数High street= main street 大众的（商品）Replenish→replenishment （货物的）补充Members of staff 公司职员Voice your consent 抱怨Inventory = stock 库存Policy 保单（a contract of insurance）Philosophy 理念Regular meeting 例会，常规会议Accountability 问责性Unit 3 company structure 公司结构Recruitment 雇佣，招募Remuneration 报酬Department of legal affairs 法务部Purchase 采购部IT 信息技术部R&D 研发部Tooling 加工部Immediate boss 直接上司Immediate subordinate 直接下属Autonomous 自制的Decentralization 分散化，权力下放，分权Function 功能Hierarchy 等级Line authority 直线职权Report to 向……负责Subordinates 下属Matrix 矩阵Assistant manager 助理经理Manager assistant 经理助理Functional structure 机能结构 = production+ finance+ marketing市场营销+ sales+ personnel/ HRLead time 订货交付时间Reorganization 改组Operating division 运营段，运营分部Overlap 重叠Commercial division 商业银行Private banking 私人理财International division 国际银行Investment division 投资银行Inherent problem 固有的问题Product manager 产品经理Market segment 市场细分Autonomy 自治权Priority 优先权Dimensional 四维基质的Sales force 销售队伍Commission 提成Optional features 可选功能，可选装置Cash balance 现金平衡Credit facility 信用工具Profit margin 利益空间Research and development spending 研发投入Self-financing 使用自有资金，自筹资金Organization chart 组织结构图Market research 市场调研（部）Teller 出纳Advertising and promotion 广告与促销Publicity 宣传Industrial belt 工业带Corporate ethos 公司风气Collaboration 协作Insulated = isolated 隔绝的Fragmentation 分裂Subsidiary 分公司Openness 开放性Downsizing 裁员Downturn 下滑Recession 衰退Chief financial officer 财务总监Unit 4 work and motivation工作和动机Induce 劝诱，促使Incentive 动力，刺激Labor relations 劳资关系Labor union 工会Benefit 福利，津贴Perk 津贴，补贴Supplement 额外费用Bureaucracy 官僚主义Job safety 工作安全性Job security 工作稳定性Sales promotion 促销Remuneration 薪水Psychological well-being 心理满足Administration 行政管理Working condition 工作条件Paid holiday 带薪假日Sick pay 病假工资Pension 养老金Psychology of work 工作心理学Recognition 认可，承认Checkout till 结账柜台的现金出纳机Checkout 结账柜台Till 现金出纳机Cash till 收银台Cash register 收银处Product line 生产线Product line-up 产品系列User-friendly 易于使用的Go round 分配Creature comfort 物质享受Interface 界面程序Annual bonus 年度奖金Corporate culture 公司文化= values价值观+ beliefs信条+ norms标准Dead-end job 没前途的工作Stock order = replenishment 货物补充Hygiene 卫生Play pool 打台球Health screening program 健康检查Sales floor 店面Trade floor 交易所Bus depot 汽车总站Profit-sharing programme 收益分享Career training 职业培训Working week 工作周Pre-school age children 学前儿童Premise 工作场所Subsidize 补贴Tinned food 罐装食物Piecework system 计件系统Pay scheme 薪酬计划Unit 5 management and cultural diversity 管理与文化多样性Localization 本地化Globalization 全球化Pay-for-performance 绩效工资Collectivist 集体主义的Sales rep 商品经销代理Universalist 普爱论者Particularist 排他主义者Glocalization 全球地方化Multinational 跨国公司Unit 6 recruitment 招聘Applicant 申请人Application 申请Application form 申请表Candidate 候选人Curriculum vitae = resume 简历Employment agency 职介机构Job description 职责描述Job vacancy 职务空缺Reference 推荐信Short-list 列入最后候选名单Covering letter= cover letter 附函Give notice 预先通知（辞退）A form of headhunters 猎头公司Follow up 跟进Preliminary selection 初选Testimonials 证明书，推荐书Synchronized sewing 同步缝纫Traineeship 培训Referee 介绍人，推荐人Controlling stake 控股权Contingency 意外事件Contingency plan 应变计划Contingency fund 以外开支准备金Core competence 核心竞争力Home provider 持家者Stereotype 成见Maternity leave 产假Sick pay 病假The trade 同行Trade union = labor union 工会Working class 无产阶级，工薪族Child-bearingChild-rearingAffirmative action 倾向性法案Positive discrimination 积极差别Corporate affairs 公司事务Allowances 津贴，补贴Unit 7 labor relationship劳资关系Trade union= labor union 工会Motorway 高速公路Collective bargaining 集体谈判Go-slow= slowdown 怠工Working-to-rule 按章工作Industrial action 劳工行动Picket 纠察Rate of production 生产速率Premises 企业的房屋建筑及附属场地Outsource 外包Subcontract 转包Subcontractor 承包商Out of house 机构外部的In-house 机构内部的Backstreet 偏僻街道Bill 开出账单，收取费用Staff levels 人员配备情况Bargaining power 议价权Conglomerate 联合大公司，企业集团Arch-rival 主要竞争对手Penalty point 违章扣分记录Pay-as-you-go 打多少交多少话费Auditor 审计员Adversary 对手，敌手Working hours gongzuoshijWorking practices 工作惯例Uneconomic job 不赚钱的工作Tyranny 专制Deregulation 解除管制Work force 劳动力Public sector 共有部门Unit 8 production生产Flexible production line 柔性生产线Trade-off 妥协，协调，平衡Opportunity cost 机会成本Sunk cost 沉没成本Raw materials 原材料Semi-finished 半成品Finished 成品Product defect 质量缺陷Excess capacity 剩余产能Fixed cost 固定成本Variable cost 可变成本Cash flow 现金流Information flow 信息流Material flow 物料流Logistics 物流Lost sales 销售损失Market share 市场份额Production run 生产周期Mother-board 主板Hard disc 硬盘Chip 芯片Chassis （汽车）底盘Call center 呼叫中心OEM= original equipment manufacter 设备原产商，贴牌制造商Lean production 精益生产= stockless production 零库存生产= JIT= just-in-time production 准时制生产= continuous flow manufacture 连续流程生产PPM= piece per million 每百万件瑕疵率Continuous improvement= kaizen= kaizan 改善哲学Deming cycle= PDCA= plan-do-check-act 德明环ERP= enterprise resources planning 企业资源计划Scientific outlook 科学发展观No slack 无松懈，无容余Hi-fi= high fidelity 高保真Wi-fi= wireless fidelity 无线保真Operation manager 操作经理，运营经理Lead time 交付时间，订货到收货时间间隔Outsourcing= contracting out 外包Plant 工厂Subcontractor 承包商，分包商Economies of scale 规模经济Handling 搬运Depreciation 贬值Set-up 机器设置Obsolescence 过时，废弃Theft 盗窃，偷盗Breakage 破损Leakage 渗漏Under-utilizing 开工不足Defective 次品Quantity discount 大宗购买折扣Stimulate demand 刺激需求Sabotage 蓄意破坏Throughput 生产量，加工阶段Throughput time 输入到输出的加工阶段所需时间Product mix 产品组合Product line 产品系列，产品线Product range 产品范围QC department= quality department 质量部Knock-on 附带效果，间接影响，累积效果Knock-on effect 连续反应Circuit board 电路板Implant 植入Transplant 移植Refine process 完善Refinery 精炼厂TQM= Total quality management 全面质量管理Assembling 组装Distribute 分销Equipment 设备，（企业除了房产以外的）固定资产Facility 设备Joint venture 合资企业Location 位置，选址Operation 操作，运营Parts 零件Recall 召回Storage 贮藏（量）Work in process 正在进行的工作Unit 9 products产品Launch a product 发布产品Brand loyalty 品牌忠诚度Brand awareness 品牌知名度Brand preference 品牌偏爱度Brand switcher 转换不同牌子的人Product line 产品线Product line-up 全系列产品Product mix 产品组合（一种产品的不同形式）Product range 产品范围PLC= Product life cycle 产品生命周期Niche 缝隙Niche market 缝隙市场Line-stretching 产品线的扩展Line filling 产品系列的填补Market segment 细分市场Segmentation of the market 市场细分High-end market 高端市场Low-end market 低端市场Up-market 向高端市场Down-market 向低端市场Product image 产品形象Corporate image 公司形象Shelf life 货架期，存活期Sell-by date 销售期限Expiration date= expire date 产品有效期Eye-soreAround the clock 24小时营业Portion 一客Dehydrate 使脱水Shareholder= stockholder 股东Stakeholder 利益一致者，风险共担体制Logo 标志Slogan 口号Service station （高速公路旁的）服务站Desktop machine 台式机器Financing 融资Economics 经济情况，经济因素Color scheme 色彩主题，色彩搭配Credit facility 信用工具Warranty = guarantee 保修Maintenance 维修保养After-sales service 售后服务Brand name 品牌Brand 商标，牌子Shelf space 货架空位Product development 产品研发Profitability 利润率Vending machine 自动售货机Prototype 原型，雏形Augmented 扩张的Delivery 交货，交付Initiative 主动积极性Market share 市场份额，市场占有率Multi-brand strategy 多品牌策略Vandalize 蓄意损坏公物Retailer 零售商Colgate 高露洁Philips 飞利浦Procter & Gamble 宝洁Unilever 联合利华Yamaha 雅马哈Unit 10 marketing市场营销Marketing mix市场营销组合，营销要素组合= product+ promotion+ price+ place Promotion 促销= advertising+ word of mouth+ public relations+ point of saleMarketing= advertising 广告+ personal selling 人员推销+ sales promotion 促销+ publicity and public relations 宣传和公共关系Optional 选择（配置）Standard 标准（配置）Personal selling 人员推销Direct marketing 直销Direct mail 直邮Business market= producer market= industrial 商务市场，生产资料市场Consumer market 消费市场List price 标价= suggested retail price= recommended retail price 建议零售价Management consulting 管理咨询Tie range 领带系列Texture 质地Lycra 莱卡Take remedial action 采取补救措施Qualitative analysis 定性分析Quantitive research 定量分析Internal research 内部分析Raw/ primary/ first-hand data 一手数据Secondary/ second-hand data 二手数据Academic journal 学术期刊Trade journal 行业期刊Wine testing session 品酒会Sample v. 尝试，品尝Distribution channel 分销渠道，配送渠道Market research= marketing research 市场研究，市场调研Centrality 集中性Console 控制台Focus group 焦点小组Head office 公司总部Market opportunity 市场机会Integration 整合Marketer 营销人员Publicity 宣传Questionnaire 调查问卷Sales promotion 促销活动Selling 推销Target customer 目标顾客Hard-sell 硬性推销Market segmentation 市场细分Point of sale 销售点Product concept 产品概念Product features 产品功能Sales representative 销售代理B2B= business to business 企业对企业Selling concept 销售概念Marketing concept 行销概念Differential advantage 差异优势Integrated marketing 整合营销Discount 折扣Payment periodCredit terms 信用调侃Product manager 产品经理Brand manager 品牌经理Annual report 年报Unit11 advertising广告Advertising account 广告客户Advertising agent 广告公司Advertising campaign 广告宣传，广告攻势Brief 摘要Budget 预算Commercial 广播或电视广告Comparative-parity method 相对平等方法，比较奇偶方法Cost per thousand= CPM 每一千个成本Counter-cyclical advertising 非循环的广告Diminishing returns 收益递减Exposure 暴露Frequency 频率Institutional advertising 机构广告= prestige advertising 声望广告Media plan 媒体计划Media space 媒体空间Message 讯息，广告词OTS= opportunity to see 可见机会Prospective customer 潜在顾客Sales revenue 销售收入Sponsorship 赞助Target market 目标市场Threshold effect 门槛效应Turnover 流通量，营业额，周转Word-of-mouth advertising 口口相传，口碑Billboard = hoarding 广告牌Classified advertisement 分类广告Paid advertising 付费广告Advertising strategy 广告策略Poster 海报Purchasing frequency 购买平率Buyer turnover 新入场客户Match 追平Excessive advertising 过度广告Voiceover 画外音Unit12 promotional tools促销工具Promotion tools 促销工具= advertising 广告+ personal selling 人员推销+ sales promotion 提升销量+public relations 公共关系Brand awareness 品牌知名度Brand loyalty 品牌忠诚度Coupon 优惠券Introduction stage 引入期Growth stage 增长期，上升阶段Maturity stage 成熟期Decline stage 衰退期，下降阶段Loss leader 特价商品Planning 计划Positioning 定位Price-conscious 对价格敏感的Sales force 销售队伍Salespeople 售货员Sample 样品Trial 尝试Free trial 免费试用Publicity 宣传Paid advertising 付费广告Novel product 新产品Aim 指向Reduction 降价Rebate 回扣Promotional strategy 促销策略Promotional tactic 促销技巧Reduced-price pack 经济装Distributor 分销商Retailer 零售商Dealer 代理商Off-season 淡季Unit 13 accounting and financial statements 会计和财务报表Accountancy 会计师Accountant 会计师Accounting equation 会计恒等式Accounting 会计学Accrue 自然增加Accrued expenses 应计费用Accumulate 累计Amortization 摊销Annual report 年度报告Appreciate 增值Auditing 审计Bookkeeping 簿记Capitalization 资本化Cash flow 现金流Cost accounting 成本会计Creative accounting 粉饰财务状况Credit 信用，贷方Creditors债权人= accounts payable 应付账款Debit 借方Debt 债务Debtors债务人= accounts receivable 应收账款Depreciation 折旧Dividend 股息，红利Double-entry bookkeeping 复式簿记，复式记账法Earnings 收益Expenditure 支出，花费Expenses 费用，开支Financial statement 财务决算，财务报表Finished products 成品，产品Fixed assets 固定资产Current assets 流动资产Going concern 持续经营Goodwill 商誉Income 收益Interest 利息Long term liabilities 长期负债Current liabilities 流动负债，短期负债Managerial accounting 管理会计Market capitalization 市场资本化Nominal value 票面价值Market value 市场价值Quantify 量化Retained earnings 留存收益Revenue （销售）收入Self proprietorship 独资企业Shareholder= stockholder 股东Stock= inventory 库存Liability for tax 税务负担Transaction 交易Managerial accounting 管理会计Tax accounting 税务会计Cost accounting 成本会计Prepare budget 编制预算Financial report 财务报表Value v 定价Income & expenditure 收入和支出Debits & credits 借与贷Assets & liabilities 资产与负债Unit cost 单位成本Auditing 审计IRS= Internal Revenue Service 美国税务署Tax authority 税务局CPA= Certificated Public Accountant 注册会计师File a tax return 报税Income tax return 所得税表Income tax 所得税Sales tax 销售税Self-proprietorship 个体户Partnership 合伙，合股Tax break 减免税Turnover 销售收入，总收入Charged against profits 从利润中扣除On credit 赊账Overheads= overhead 固定费用Variable cost 可变成本Shareholder= stockholder 股东Pay liabilities 偿债Purchase price 购买价Depreciation charge 折旧费Understate 低估Overstate 高估Inflation 通货膨胀Deflation 通货紧缩Historical cost accounting 历史成本会计Net book value 净账面价值= purchase value – depreciation chargeCurrent cost accounting 时价会计Replacement cost accounting 重置成本会计Specify v. 规定Profit and loss account= income statement 损益表 (shows earnings & expenditure, i.e. turnover+ costs+ expensed+ overheads )Balance sheet 资产负债表(shows financial situation on particular date, i.e. assets+ long-term & short-term liabilities+ shareholder’s funds)Financial year 财政年度Assets 资产= debtors/ accounts receivable + intangible assetsIntangible assets 无形资产=patents 专利+ goodwill 商誉+ copyrights 版权+ trade marks 商标Liabilities 负债=creditors/ account payableLong-term liabilities= loans 贷款+ bonds 债券Short-term liabilities=taxes+ interests 利息Assets=liabilities+ owners’ equity 资本主权，业主产权（股东对资产清偿所有债务之后剩余价值的所有权）Assets-liabilities= owners’ equity/ net assets 净资产Share capital 股本，股份资本Share premium= paid-in surplus 股份溢价（超过股票票面价值的所得）Market capitalization 市场资本总值，市场资本总额Reserves 储量profit→taxation, dividend, retained profitFunds flow statement 资金流量表Source and application of funds statement 资金来源和应用表Statement of changes in financial position 财务状况变动报表Consolidated financial statement 合并财务报表IAS= International Accounting Standards 国际会计标准Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period 期初现金Net cash from operating activities 运营净现金Net profit 净利润Retained earnings 留存收益Non-current assets 非流动资产Pre-paid expenses 预付费用Treasury shares 回购股票Translation differences 折算差Deferred tax liabilities 递延税负债Interest-bearing liabilities 有息贷款VAT= value added tax 增值税Associated company 关联公司Minority interests 少数股权Proceeds 所得收入Unit 14 banking 银行业务Personal banking 个人银行业务Cash card 现金卡，借记卡Credit card 信用卡Cash dispenser= ATM= automatic teller machine 自动取款机，自动柜员机Home banking 家庭银行（网银+电话银行）Loan 贷款Mortgage 抵押贷款，按揭Overdraft= overdraw 透支Current account= checking account 活期账户Deposit account= time account= notice account 定期账户Standing order= direct debit 长期委托书The banking industry 银行业Commercial bank= retail bank 商业银行，零售银行Foreign currency 外币Foreign exchange 外汇Spread= margin 差额Credit 借贷Note 纸币Cheque= check 支票Coin 硬币Yield & risk 收益与风险Liquidity 资产流动性Maturity 到期Investment bank= merchant bank 投资银行Issue securities 发行证券Underwrite securities 包销，分销证券Merger 并购Takeover 收购，接管Stockbroker 股票经纪人Portfolio management 投资组合Fee and commission 佣金Universal bank 综合银行Central bank 中央银行Minimum interest rate 最低利率Discount rate 贴现利率Blue chip borrower 蓝筹公司Base rate= prime rate 基本利率Credit standing= credit rating= creditworthiness 信用评价Solvency 偿付能力Collateral 抵押品，担保物Foreign bank 外国银行，外资银行Eurocurrency 外国持有的欧洲货币Petrodollar 石油美元Unit 15 stocks and shares股票Unlimited liability 无限责任Limited liability 有限责任Creditor 债权人Legal entity 法律实体Wound up 中止Liquidate 清算Venture capital 风险投资Memorandum of Association= Certificate of Incorporation 公司执照Article of Association= bylaws 公司条令Director 董事Public listed company= listed company= Publicly quoted company上市公司Shareholder= stockholder 股东Registrar of companies 公司登记处Over-the-counter market 场外交易市场Alternative Investment Market (London) 另类投资市场NasdaqBe quoted= be listed 上市Stock exchange 股票交易所Issue share 发行股票First Public Offering =IPO=Make a flotation= float a company首次公开募股Investment bank 投资银行Underwrite the issue 包销Rights issue 权利股发行Capitalize 资本化Bonus issue 红股发行Annual General Meeting= Annual Meeting of Stockholders 股东年会Residual value 残留价值Liquidation 清算Secondary market 二级市场Nominal value= face value= par value 票面价值Share= stock= equity 股票Blue chip 蓝筹Defensive stock 防御性股票Growth stock 成长性股票Insider share-dealing 内部交易Institutional investor 机构投资者Mutual fund 互惠基金，互利基金Market-maker 造市商Portfolio 组合投资Stockbroker 股票经纪人Cyclical trend 周期性趋势Pension fund 养老基金Insurance company 保险公司Unit 16 bonds 债券Obligation 负债Opportunity cost 机会成本Issue bonds 发行债券Blue chip company 蓝筹公司Rate 评价，估值Rating company 评估公司Standard & Poors 标准普尔Investment grade 投资评级Bearer certificate 不记名债券Primary market 一级市场Secondary bond market 二级债券市场Liquid 变现的Par 面值Coupon 息票Debt financing 负债融资Equity financing 股票融资Tax shield 税收挡避Debt-equity ratio 负债与权益比率Receipts 收入Gilt-edged securities 金边证券Treasury bond 长期国库债券Short-term treasury bill 短期国库券Circulation 流通Redeem 赎回Convertible bond 可转换债券Junk bond 垃圾债券Unit 17 futures and derivativesFutures 期货交易，期货合约Financial asset 金融资产Option 期权Commodities 大宗商品Derivatives 衍生物Hedging 对冲，套期保值Speculation 投机(Write a) Call option 看涨期权Put option 看跌期权Discount store 打折店Spot market 现货市场Futures market 期货市场Forward contract 远期合约Premium 溢价Exchange rate 汇率Interest rate 利率London International Financial Futures Exchange=LIFFE 伦敦国际金融期货交易所Exercise price= strike price 执行价Swap 掉期Currency swap 外汇掉期Interest rate swap 利率掉期Preferential rate 优惠汇率Profit and loss account 损益表Securities and Exchange Commission=SEC 证券交易管理委员会International Swaps and Derivatives Association=ISDA 国际掉期与衍生物协会End user 最终用户Corporate governance 公司监管Stop-loss limit 止损点Scenario analysis 情景分析Sensitivity analysis 敏感度分析Front line personnel 一线人员Police vt. 监管Code of conduct 行为规范Unsolicited 主动提供的Shoot through the floor 涨疯了Unit 18 market structure and competitionDurable consumer goods 耐用消费品Market leader 市场领导者Market follower 市场跟从者Market challenger 市场挑战者Market share 市场份额Market segmentation 市场细分Differential advantage 差别又是Unique selling point=USP 独特卖点Submarket 刺激市场Potential customer 潜在客户Barrier to entry 进入门槛Cartel 卡特尔Dominant-firm oligopoly 寡头垄断Economies of scale 规模经济Monopolistic competition 垄断竞争Monopoly 垄断Monopsony 买家垄断Natural monopoly 自然垄断Oligopoly 寡头垄断Perfect competition 完全竞争Homogenous 同类的，同质的Public utility 公用事业Marginal cost 边际成本Unit 19 takeovers, mergers and buyoutsMergers and acquisition 并购Backward integration 向后合并Forward integration 向前合并Horizontal integration 横向合并Vertical integration 纵向合并Innovate 创造发明Diversify 多样化Raid 企图收购Takeover 收购出价Politics 权术，勾心斗角Optimum 最合适的Scanning electron microscope 扫描电子显微镜Craftsmanship 技术，技艺Leica 莱卡World-class player 世界级的玩家，世界级角色Rightsize 精简机构人员，合理简化On a day’s notice 提前一天通知On short notice 突然Leveraged buyouts=LBO 杠杆收购Management buyout= MBO 管理层收购Synergy 协同Asset-stripping 资产剥离Equity capital 股本Junk bond 垃圾债券UNIT 20 efficiency and employmentComputerization 计算机化Flexibility 灵活性Public services 公共服务Self-employment 自我雇佣Decentralization 分权Free trade 自由贸易Job-sharing 工作分享Rationalization 精简增效Deregulation 解除管制Productivity 生产效率Restructuring 重组Structural change 结构改变Welfare 福利Monetary policy 货币政策Private rent sector 私人租赁市场Downturn 下滑Recession 衰退Tenure 任期Downsizing 减员Agency employmentRhetoric 说辞Received wisdom 流行观点Unemployment benefit 失业救济Sack 解雇Job insecurity 工作不稳定性Employability 可雇佣性Structural unemployment 结构性失业Frictional unemployment 摩擦性失业Cyclical unemployment 周期性失业Structural shift 结构性改变Job retention rate 工作留用率UNIT 21 Business cycleClassical economic theory 古典经济理论Welfare capitalism 福利资本主义Vitality 活力Perfect competition 完全竞争，自由竞争Free enterprise 自由市场Well-being 幸福Unit 22 the role of governmentMarket forces 市场力量Health Department 卫生部National Health Service 全民医疗Undercurrent 潜流Good society 良性社会State action 国家行为Health care 医疗服务Underclass 底层The affluent 富人Planned economy 计划经济Central economic planning 中央经济规划Intervention 干预Coerce vt. 强迫Mortician 殡葬业者A host of 很多Dispose of 用掉，用光Industry 实业Department of Trade and Industry= DTI 贸易工业部Unit 23 central banking, money and taxationFiscal policy 财政政策Monetary policy 货币政策Open market operation 开放市场操作Bank run 挤兑Liquidity ratio 现金比率Branch of the government 政府部门Budgetary policy 预算政策Budget deficit 预算赤字US Federal Reserve 美联储Price stability 价格稳定，物价稳定Declare （海关）申报Levy tax at… 对……征税Income tax 所得税Direct tax 直接税Indirect tax 间接税Value-added tax 增值税Regressive tax 递减税Progressive tax 递增税Sales tax 销售税Capital gains tax 资本所得税Capital transfer tax 资本转移税Wealth tax 财富税Tax evasion 逃税，漏税Tax avoidance 避税Government expenditure 政府支出Excise duties 消费税，国内货物税Corporation tax 公司税Marginal rate 边际率Black economy= underground economy 黑色经济，地下经济，非法经济Moonlighting 兼差Self-employed 自雇Family firm 家庭企业Gross national production= GNP 国民生产总值Loophole 漏洞Life insurance人寿保险Tax shelter 减免税收合法手段Tax loss 负税亏损Capital expenditure 资本支出，基本建设费用Money laundering 洗钱Unit 24 exchange rates 外汇利率The Bretton Woods agreement 布雷顿森林体系Fixed exchange rate 固定利率Floating exchange rate 浮动利率Peg against 挂钩Promissory note 本票International Monetary Fund 国际货币基金组织Devaluation 贬值Revaluation 升值Gold convertibilityFreely/ clean floating exchange rate 清洁浮动利率Managed/ dirty floating exchange rate 管制/肮脏浮动利率Purchasing power parity=PPP 购买力平价Convertible currency 可兑换货币European monetary system= EMS 欧洲货币体系Spread 差价Exchange Rate Mechanism= ERM 汇率机制Sterling 英国货币D-mark 德国马克Hedging 对冲Accelerated depreciation 加速折旧Capital flow 资本流Cash flow 现金流Common currency 共同货币Floating rate note 浮动利率债券，浮动利率票据Gold standard 金本位Managed floating 管制浮动Managed fund 投资基金Off-the-peg 脱钩Pegged 挂钩的Pure floating 纯粹浮动Unit 25 the business cycle。

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