附加疑问句详解
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。
一基本组成方法
1. 肯定式陈述部分+否定附加疑问部分(前肯后否)
You often play badminton, don’t you?
否定式陈述部分+肯定附加疑问部分(前否后肯)
They can’t finish it by Friday, can they?
补充:1)当陈述句中含有seldom, hardly, never, rarely, little, few, none, neither,no, not, nowhere, nothing no one, nobody等否定意义的词时,后面的附加疑问句则为肯定形式。
They seldom come late, do they?
He made no answer, did he?
2)如果陈述句中仅含否定前缀的词unhappy, dislike, impossible等,则后面的附加疑问句仍为否定形式。
It is impossible, isn’t it?
3.祈使句的附加疑问句
(1)肯定的祈使句的附加疑问句在句末加“will you? /won’t you?/can you ?/ can’t you?”
(2)否定的祈使句的附加疑问句通常在句末加“will you?”
(3)Let's 开头的祈使句,附加疑问句用shall we?
(4)Let us 开头的祈使句,附加疑问句用will you?
二附加疑问句注意几种特殊情况:
1. 当陈述部分主语是everyone/ everybody, someone/somebody, no one/ nobody, none等表示人的不定代词时,附加疑问句部分的主语多用they,但也可用he;当陈述部分的主语是everything, anything, something, nothing等表示物的不定代词时,附加疑问句部分的主语用it。
Nobody saw him walk into the room, did they?
Everything has gone wrong today, hasn’t it?
2.当陈述部分的主语是指示代词this, that时,附加疑问句的主语要用it。
陈述部分的主语是these, those时,附加疑问句的主语要用they。
That isn’t your dictionary, is it?
These are interesting s tories, aren’t they?
3.陈述部分主语是不定代词one时,其后的反意疑问句一般用主语one。
如:
One can’t be always careful, can one?
4.陈述部分是“I’m…”结构时,其后的反意疑问句用aren’t I?如:
I am a student, aren’t I ?
5. 当陈述部分是“there be+主语+其他”结构时,附加疑问句用“be (not) there”结构。
There is a book on the desk, isn’t there?
6. 当陈述句的谓语动词是have时,如果作“有”讲,附加疑问句用have或助动词do的形式;
表示其他意思时,附加疑问句只用助动词do的形式。
You have a nice house, haven’t/don’t you?
They had a good time last night, didn’t they?
7. 当陈述句的谓语部分含有had better, would rather, would like, ought to时,附加疑问句的
谓语动词要用相应的助动词。
You’d bette r go now, hadn’t you?
He ought to know what to do, oughtn’t he?
8.当陈述句的谓语动词含有used to时,附加疑问句的谓语部分用didn’t或usedn’t。
He used to get up early, didn’t/ usedn’t he?
9.陈述句部分是主从复合句时,附加疑问句部分的代词和助动词要与主句中的主语和动词
保持一致。
He is not the man who gave us a talk, is he?
He can hardly stay awake because he is so tired, can he?
He said that he would come to my birthday party, didn’t he?
Mary thinks you will come to the party, doesn’t she?
10.在宾语从句中,如果陈述句部分是“I/We (don’t) think/ believe/ suppose/ imagine/ expect等+
宾语从句”,附加疑问句部分要与宾语从句的主谓保持一致,并且要考虑到被转移了的否定意义。
We believe she can do it better, can’t she?
I don’t think you have heard of him before,have you?
11.当陈述句部分有情态动词must时:
1)must表示“必须,有必要”时,肯定回答时要用must,否定回答要用needn't 或don't/doesn’t/didn’t have to。
You mustn’t stop your car here, must you?
We must finish the work today, needn’t we?
2)当must用来表示“推测”时,意为“一定、肯定”
①对现在的情况进行“推测”时,反意疑问句部分要用“isn’t / aren’t / don’t /doesn’t + 主语”
He must be waiting for us, isn’t he?
He must live near here, doesn’t he?
②对过去的情况进行“推测”(must + have done)时,如果句中有过去的时间状语,反意疑问句部分要用“wasn’t / weren’t / didn’t + 主语”;如果句中没有过去时间状语时,反意疑问句部分要用“haven’t / hasn’t + 主语”。
She must have read the novel last week,didn’t she?
You must have told her about it, haven’t you?
拓展:陈述部分含有表推测的情态动词(must/can/could/may/might/should)时,
第一步:翻译成汉语第二步:把汉语中的推测删掉第三步:再翻译成英文
比如:She may have finished her homework, _________ she?
第一步:翻译成汉语:她可能已经写完作业了。
第二步:把汉语中的推测删掉(她已经写完作业了。
)
第三步:再翻译成英文:She has finished her homework.
所以答案为:hasn’t she?
三.附加疑问句的回答
1.回答附加疑问句通常应根据实际情况来确定,如果事实是肯定的,就用yes,事实是否定
的,就要用no。
—You didn’t find the owner of the books, did you? —No, I didn’t. (是的,我没有找到)
—His sister didn’t attend the meeting, did she?—Yes, she did. (不,她参加了)
2.祈使句的附加疑问句的肯定回答为“Yes, I will.”,否定回答为“No, I won’t.”。
—Write to me when you get home, will you? —Yes, I will.
—Don’t make a noise, will you? —No, I won’t.
四.附加疑问部分的读法
陈述部分一般用降调,而附加疑问部分既可用升调也可用降调,但含义有所不同。
1.用升调时,多表示疑问或请求
The school team have won the gold medal, ↘ haven't they? ↗校队获得了金牌,是吗?
2. 用降调时,多表示求证或希望对方同意。
The school teams have won the gold medal, ↘ haven't they? ↘校队获得了金牌,对吧?。