高一英语必修一U4导学案

高中英语必修一Unit4导学案
单元知识概况
Module 1 Unit 4
Section I Vocabulary
一、词汇拓展
1._____________ vt. 破坏，毁灭，消灭______________n.毁坏，破坏______________adj.破坏性的，毁灭性的
2. injure vt. 伤害，使受伤____________n. ____________adj.受伤的__________adj. 有害的___________adv.有害地
3. shock vt. 使震惊，震动n.休克，震惊_____________adj. 令人震惊的_____________adj. 感到震惊的______________ ［搭配］对……感到震惊
4. judge v.& n.判断，评判，法官，裁判____________n.判断，看法
5. ________adj.新的；新鲜的_________________新生v. 使···新鲜___________ freshener___________ v. ___________(使振作；使恢复）
6. _____________n．电；电流；电学________ adj.用电的；带电的____________ adj.与电有关的_____________adj.电子的
7. survive v. 生存，幸存_______n.幸存_________ n.幸存者
8. congratulation n.祝贺；（复数）贺词___________ v.祝贺______________________ 祝贺某人某事
9. frighten vt. 使惊吓，吓唬__________adj. 受惊的___________adj令人恐惧的
10. honour n.____________ adj. 光荣的；荣耀的
11. nation n. 国家，民族______________ adj. 国家的，民族______________ adj. 国际的______________ adj. 本国的，土著的______________ n. 国籍
12. extreme adj. 极度的_____________ adv.非常地_____________ n.极端主义者，过激分子_____________ n.极端主义
13.bury v. 埋葬，隐藏______________ adj.埋葬的，隐藏的
______________ n. 埋葬，葬礼
二、巩固提升
Fill in the blanks with the proper form of the given words.
1. ⑴Before the fireman arrived，the whole building ____________________ (destroy)
in the fire.
⑵So ___________ (destroy) was the force of this flood that few land animals and plants
survived.
⑶People were shocked by the _________ (destroy) of the city.
2. ⑴The _________ (injure) passengers were rushed to the hospital.
⑵Smoking is __________ (injure) to the lungs.
⑶Her ________ (injure) forced her to resign from the State Department.
3. ⑴I got a ________ (shock) news for you!
⑵I was_________ (shock) to hear that he had been fired.
⑶The news came as a _______(shock) to us all.
4. ⑴_______ (judge) from/by his expression，he was angry.
⑵Tom is too quick to make _________ (judge) about other people.
⑶The ______ (judge) sentenced him to ninety days in prison.
5. ⑴For those who have been working hard for a whole week, the weekend is a happy time for them to relax and________ (fresh).
⑵Finally, you'll want to gently brush your tongue to remove more bacteria and ___________ (fresh) your breath.
⑶Plenty of _________(fresh) air contributes to good health.
6. ⑴Mr. Edison produced not just a light bulb, but an _________(electricity) system.
⑵If the tax were large enough, people would start driving ________(electricity) cars.
⑶Actually I was trained as an ____________ (electricity) engineer.
7. ⑴I even get ___________ (frighten) when I hear a plane fly over.
⑵What was the most ____________ (frighten) experience you've had?
⑶Mother's calm behavior made the _______ (frighten) child quiet.
Module 1 Unit 4
Section II Warming up, pre-reading and reading
知识回顾
根据句子意思，用括号里所给单词的适当词性完成句子。

1.________ from the result, the ________ of the match must have controlled the match quite well. Do you agree with my ________？(judge)
2．Most people protect themselves from ________ to their self-esteem, for they think if their self-esteem was greatly________，they will feel ________. (injure)
3．Whether the nation can be separated is not an ________ affair, but a ________ one. It is up to the people to decide. (nation)
4.The ________ of the railway was a big loss in the storm, which was the most ________ in 30 years. (destroy)
本节知识重、难点
核心单词：burst, nation, ruin , injure , destroy, useless , shock, rescue , trap, bury ,shelter
重要短语：right away , as if, at an end, in ruins, dig out, think little of, cut across, rescue sb from sth , the number of
重点句型：
It seemed as if the world was at an end！
Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed.
The number of people who were killed or injured reached more than 400,000.
All hope was not lost.
自主预习
语篇理解
Step 1 Lead-in
1. Brainstorm:
Do you know any natural disaster?
Step 2. Warming up and pre-reading (Discussion):
What may happen before an earthquake?
What should we do to protect ourselves if an earthquake happens?
What to do
Where to hide
Who to contact
What results can an earthquake bring to us?
Step 3 Fast reading
1）What does the passage mainly talk about? (What happened? When and where did it happen?)
________________________________________________________________________
2）Sum up the main idea of each part of the passage. (use one word to describe it)
Part 1: Para 1 ___________________________
Part 2: Para 2&3 _________________________
Part 3: Para 4 ____________________________
Step 4 Careful reading
Part 3 Recovery/Rescue（paragraph4）
Find out some verbs or phrases to describe them.
the army __________________________________________
miners __________________________________________
workers __________________________________________
fresh water __________________________________________
(2) Data(数据)
_________ of the nation felt the earthquake.
A huge crack that was__________ kilometers long and _______meters wide cut across houses.
In __________terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.
__________ of the people died or were injured during the earthquake.
The number of people who were killed or injured reached more than__________.
All of the city’s hospitals, ___________ of its factories and buildings and __________ of its homes were gone.
Step 5: Consolidation
Fill in the blanks according to the text.
Several days before July 28th, 1976, many strange things happened in Tangshan. They were signs for the 1. __________. But people in the city of Tangshan thought little of these events and went to bed as 2.__________. At 3:42 a.m. that day, the earth began to 3.__________, which 4.__________ almost the whole city in a few seconds. Many people, including workers and doctors, came to 5.________ those who were 6. __________ under the ruins. Later that afternoon, another big earthquake struck the city. More people were killed or 7.______ and more buildings 8. ______ down. Very soon the army sent a lot of soldiers to help, and teams were organized to 9.________ out the trapped and 10._________ the dead. Slowly, the city began to breathe again.
Step 6: Summary
用约30个词概括课文内容。

____________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ Step 7: After-reading.
Did the writer experience the earthquake?
Yes, because he uses the first person “we”.
No, because he uses the second person “you”.
No, because he uses the third person “they”.
2) What is the mood of this passage? How do you know? Find some sentences in the passage to support your idea.
Serious and sad, but not hopeless.
Exciting and sad.
C. Lighthearted and joking.
3) Group Work: An interview.
There are several survivors (幸存者) from the earthquake. Now you are a reporter to interview （采访) them.
Your interview should include:
a. Before the earthquake（震前）
Were there any signs before the earthquake?
b. In the earthquake（震中）
How did you protect yourself in the earthquake?
c. After the earthquake（震后）
What did you see after the earthquake?
要点透析、讲练互动
重点单词：
1 Imagine your home begins to shake . 想象一下你的房子开始摇晃.(p25)
shake(v)-shook-shaken
(1) vt ,vi 摇动；抖动
火车经过的时候，整栋房子都在震动。

________________________________________________________________ (2) vt （与某人）握手
_________________________________________________________________ (3) vi 颤抖；发抖
shake with anger/fear/laughter气得/怕得/笑得发抖
2. burst vi. & n. 爆裂，爆发
burst-burst-burst
搭配：
(1)burst into laughter/tears突然大笑起来/大哭起来
＝burst out laughing/crying突然大笑起来/大哭起来
(2)a burst of laughter/applause 一阵笑声/一阵掌声
根据汉语意思，完成句子。

(1)那个红色的气球突然爆破了。

The red balloon suddenly ________.
(2)一听到这则消息，理查德突然大哭起来。

On hearing the news, Richard ________________.
(3)他突然无缘无故地大笑起来，弄得我很害怕。

___________________________________________________________________ 3. shock v. (使)震惊；震动n. 休克；打击；震惊
派生：shocked感到震惊的；shocking令人震惊的
运用：根据汉语意思，完成英文句子。

(1)我听到这个消息十分震惊。

（用四种表达法）
_____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 4. ruin n. 废墟[复数]；毁灭vt. 毁灭；使破产
搭配：be/lie in ruins 严重受损，破败不堪
注意：
lie-lay-lain-lying 躺；位于
lie-lied-lied-lying 说谎
lay –laid-laid-laying 产卵
(1)我们参观了那个庙宇的遗迹。

______________________________________________________________________ (2)那城堡现在成了一片废墟了。

______________________________________________________________________ (3)这恶劣的天气破坏了我们的旅行。

______________________________________________________________________ 5. injure vt. 伤害，使受伤，损害
派生：用injure的适当形式填空。

(1)______________ adj. 有害的(=harmful)
(2)______________n.伤害，损害
(3) He suffered serious_________ to the arms and legs.
(4) Smoking is_____________ to health.
6. rescue n. & vt. 援救；营救
搭配：
(1)rescue sb./sth. from sth. /sb.抢救，营救，援救
(2)go/come to one’s rescue 进行援救；营救某人
运用:
救援人员正在千方百计营救围困在井下的矿工。

______________________________________________________________________ 7. trap vt. 使陷入困境n. 陷阱；困境
运用：中英互译。

(1) 他们被困在发生火灾的旅馆里。

_______________________________________________________________________
(2) ____________________________________________________________________
I was trapped into telling the police all I knew.
(3)_______________________________________________________________________ It's cruel to trap birds.
(4)_______________________________________________________________________ You fell right into my trap.
词语辨析：
1.辨析：rise，raise，arise，lift
rise vi. 意为“升起，上升，起立”，说明主语自身移向较高的位置。

raise vt. “举起，抬起，使升起”，或“饲养，养大”
arise vi. “发生，出现，呈现”
lift vt. “举起”，是用力举起的意思
(1)A new difficulty has _________.
(2)Salaries have now been___________.
(3)The sun _______in the east and sets to the west.
(4)The boy ________the stone at last.
重要词组：
1. dig out 掘出；发现
中英互译：
_______________________________________________________________________
人们把困在井下的矿工们挖掘出来。

(2)We hope to dig out more facts about the ancient tomb.
________________________________________________________________________ 2. bury oneself in= be buried in 埋头于，专心于
运用：翻译句子。

他埋头工作。

____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ 3. at an end 结束，终结(=finished)，在末尾
联想：at the end of在……的尽头/结尾/末端(指时间、地点等)
by the end of在之前(常与完成时连用)(指时间)
in the end 最后，终于(=finally)
put an end to… 结束……(vt.)
come to an end ……结束(vi.)
运用：用适当的介词填空。

(1)The war was ______ an end in 1945.
(2) My mother is waiting for me ______ the end of the street.
(3) ______ the end of last month we had completed the work.
(4) ______ the end we got to the top of the mountain.
4. a (great/large) number of 许多；大量
提醒:a number of 后面跟可数名词的复数形式，当该名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。

辨析:a number of 和the number of
a number of +复数名词许多，大量(复数谓语)
the number of +复数名词……的数目(单数谓语)
运用：根据汉语意思完成英文句子。

⑴出席会议的学生人数有50人。

The number of students present at the meeting ________﹙be﹚50.
⑵有许多学生出席这个会议。

A number of students __________ (be) present at the meeting.
5. think little of 轻视；不加思索
联想：根据汉语意思填上合适的词。

(1)think_________ of 重视
(2)think _________ of 对……高度评价
(3)think _________ of不屑一顾；几乎不考虑
6. cut across/through横过，穿越；抄近道
【归纳*拓展】
cut off 切断，砍掉；切断(电力、自来水等)供应
cut in插嘴，插入(其后可接on)
cut down砍伐，砍倒(树木)；减少，使减价
cut up切碎，剁碎(其后可接into)
根据句子意思，用上面的适当短语填空。

(1)你可以先把树砍倒、切断，然后再切碎。

You may first__________ the tree, cut off it and then ________ it ________.
(2)马上，丹尼尔打断了乔安妮要说的安慰的话。

Immediately, Daniel ________Joanne's attempts at reassurance.
(3)我们如果抄近路穿过这片田野可以省出一些时间。

We can gain some time if we ________ this field.
(4)咱们穿过树林抄近路赶到他们前面去。

Let's________ the woods and get ahead of them.
佳句仿写：
1. It seemed as if the world was at an end！就好像世界的末日到了！
【剖析】
(1)as if 引导表语从句时，可以和as though 互换，意为“仿佛，好像”。

(2)as if 引导的方式状语从句中，从句中的动词可以用陈述语气（当有迹象表明有可能发生时），也可以用虚拟语气。

用虚拟语气时有以下两种情况：
A．若表示与现在事实相反的主观设想，动词用过去式(be 用were，适用于各种人称)；
B. 若表示与过去事实相反的主观设想，动词用“had ＋过去分词”形式。

仿写：
(1)他说话的口气就好像他是老板一样。

________________________________________________________________________ (2)当时好像什么事也没有发生过似的。

________________________________________________________________________ (3)看起来好像要下雨了。

________________________________________________________________________
2. Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed.人们无论朝哪里看，那里的一切都几乎被毁了。

（P26—18）
句型：Everywhere… 无论哪里……，都……
说明：everywhere意为“无论哪儿”，在句中引导一个状语从句，相当于wherever。

仿写：
(1)无论他走到哪儿，他的狗就跟到哪儿。

_________________________________________________________________________
(2)无论你去哪，都可以把这些卡片带上。

_________________________________________________________________________ 3. All hope was not lost.希望还在。

(P26—28)
句型：all… not = not all… 并非都/并非一切……
说明：all, both, always或every合成词等与not连用，构成部分否定句。

1.并非这两个学生都喜欢这个故事。

_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________ 2.不是所有的鸟都会飞。

_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________ 3. All is not gold that glisters.
_________________________________________________________________________
相关的链接：全部否定
no, none, never, nobody, nothing, neither, no one, nowhere等表示否定意义的词与肯定式谓语一起使用构成全部否定。

这些东西都不是我的。

________________________________________________________________________
两种答案都不对。

________________________________________________________________________
什么都不好。

________________________________________________________________________
Module 1 Unit 4
Section III Learning about language and using language
知识回顾
一．短语运用※
根据句子的意思，从下表中选择合适的短语完成句子，注意动词的时态和语态的变化。

as if，instead of，right away，give out，burst out，dig out，a number of，in ruins，at an end 1．We must be off ____________. It's eight already.
2．The castle is now ____________. It will be rebuilt next year.
3．Thank Goodness! The hard work is ____________.
4．We went swimming ____________ playing football, because it was very hot.
5．The Army ____________ the people who were trapped in the earthquake.
6．It seems ____________ he knew everything.
7．The rescuers ____________ food packages to the survivors of the earthquake.
8．____________ students died because the earthquake happened while they were having classes.
9. As she was talking, the old man __________ crying with excitement.
二．翻译句子。

1、在1976年7月28日的唐山地震中，死伤的人数达到40多万。

2、部队人员组成小分队，将受困的人们挖出来，将死者掩埋。

3.所有小孩都突然大哭起来，这个新老师都不知道该怎么办了。

4.50人被邀请来参加昨晚的晚会，但是许多人因各种原因缺席了。

5.不是每本书都有教育意义的。

6. 这天热得好像现在是夏天一样。

本节知识重、难点
核心单词: frightening, congratulation, judge, express, honour
重要短语: be proud of
四、课堂探究
要点透析、讲练互动
1.It was a frightening night. 这是一个骇人的夜晚。

（P28）
frighten (vt) 使惊吓；使惊恐
知识拓展：
be frightened to death 吓死
be frightened at sth 对……感到害怕
辨析frightened 与frightening
frightened 受惊吓的，感到害怕，.
frightening令人害怕的，指人或物具有令人害怕的性质
受了惊吓的男孩_________________________________________________
令人害怕的声音_________________________________________________
惊恐的表情_____________________________________________________
那突如其来的噪音吓了我们一跳。

________________________________________________________________
看到那条蛇时我被吓坏了。

_________________________________________________________________________ 2.Congratulations(n)庆贺；祝贺（常用复数形式；与介词on 搭配）(P30)
1)祝贺你考出了好成绩!
_________________________________________________________________
2)我对他的成功表示了祝贺。

_________________________________________________________________ congratulate 与 celebrate 的区别:
congratulate 意为祝贺、道贺,构成短语congratulate sb on sth/doing sth “因为某事情而向某人祝贺“
celebrate的宾语通常为物，如：
1)他祝贺我们的新婚大吉。

________________________________________________________________
2)我们下周将庆祝爷爷90岁生日。

_________________________________________________________________
3.Your speech was heard by a group of five judges.五个评委听了你的演讲。

(P30)
judge(n) 法官；裁判（员）
judge(vt)判断、判定；猜测（大小、数量等）；裁判、评价
知识拓展：
judgement (n)判断
judge by/from 从……判断（作谓语）
judging by/from 从……判断（作状语）
法官判他五年监禁。

______________________________________________________________
从他信上看，他们过得很愉快。

______________________________________________________________
勿以貌取人。

______________________________________________________________
4.I would like to express my thanks to …who….(P30)
express(v)
①表达；表露
言语无法表达我喜悦的心情。

______________________________________________________________
②代表，表示
这些数字用百分比表示。

_______________________________________________________________
express(n)特快列车send goods by express特快货运
5.Your parents and your school should be very proud of you.你的父母和学校因你而自豪。

(P30)
be proud of 意为为。

而自豪
短语链接：take pride in以…而自豪
我们作为中华子女而自豪。

________________________________________________________________
6.Next month the city will open a new park to honour those who died in the terrible disaster.下个月这个城市将开放一个新的公园来纪念那些在这场灾难中死去的人。

(P30)
常见搭配：
in honour of为向……表示敬意
show honour to sb向某人表示尊敬
a sense of honour 廉耻感
do sb an honour赏光；带来荣誉
on one’s honour以名誉担保
honour(v)尊敬；给以荣誉
他因善良和勤劳而受到同事们的尊敬。

__________________________________________________________________
honour作不可数名词，表尊敬，荣誉
应该教育孩子尊重长者。

__________________________________________________________________
honour作可数名词表带来荣誉的人或事
今天承蒙邀请到此，深感荣幸。

__________________________________________________________________
他是我们学校的光荣。

__________________________________________________________________
Module 1 Unit 4
Section IV Grammar
一、知识回顾
介词填空根据句子的结构和意义，用适当的介词填空。

1. It was _____ this day that a shocking earthquake happened in Sichuan province, China.
2. We congratulated him ________ having passed the examination.
3. Your parents and your school should be very proud _______ you.
4. Don’t judge a person_______ his appearance.
5. He is an honor _______ his family.
二、本节知识重点、难点、任务：
什么是定语？什么是定语从句？
分清定语从句当中的先行词，关系词和定语从句。

定语从句的种类？
关系代词有三个作用，分别是？
关系代词分成两类，包括哪些？分别可以指代什么？可以在从句当中充当哪些成分？什么时候可以省略？
什么情况下只能用that而不用which？
whose + n.相当于the +n. + of +______ 或of+ ______ +the +n.
定语从句的谓语动词单复数由什么决定？
从课文当中找出尽可能多的定语从句
三、知识探究
要点透析、讲练互动
Part 1:定义理解。

1. 定语: __________________________________________________________________
a beautiful flower
a story book
定语从句：__________________________________________________________________ This is the best film that I have seen.
2. 区分限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句：
The earthquake which caused a lot of damage was so terrible.
The earthquake was so terrible, which caused a lot of damage.
The people of the city, who thought little of these events, were asleep as usual that night.
3. 分析以下句子，分清定语从句的构成，先行词的定义，关系词的定义、作用。

1）That’s all (that) I know.
2）Anyone who was late this morning should be responsible for this accident.
3）This is the scientist whose achievements are well known.
4）What do you think of the photos (that /which) I took in the park?
5）They talked about the people and things (that) they remembered in the old days.
6）The doctor (that/who/whom) we met in the street is from America.
定语从句的构成：_________________________________________________________ 1）先行词：_______________________________________________________________ 2）关系词（引导词）：
①定义：_________________________________________________________________
②种类（2类）：
__________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________
③作用（3个）：
___________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________
Conclusion : 关系代词在定语从句中充当____________、_________和___________，充当_____________时关系词可以省略。

1. 既可指人又可指物，并在从句中既可充当主语又可充当宾语的____________。

2. 只能指物，在从句中既可充当主语又可充当宾语的____________。

3. 只能指人，在从句中充当主语的____________。

4. 只能指人，在从句中充当宾语的____________。

5. 既可指人又可指物，在从句中只充当定语____________。

Practice1: 划出课文中的定语从句，找出它们的先行词和关系词，分清关系词在从句中充当的成分，能否省略，先行词指人还是指物。

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____________________________________________________________________________ Practice2: (Tips to do∶ 找出定从； 关系词在从句中充当的成分；
先行词指物还是指人。

‹三步走›)
1.The man __________is talking to me is a friend of my father’s.
2.The school ___________is famous here has a long history.
3.I like the house _____windows face south.
4.He is the boy_________we are waiting for.
5. The girl __________ is sitting in the chair is a good singer.
6. The skirt __________ Mary bought two years ago is old.
Part 2: 拓展和注意事项。

1. Point out the mistakes in the following sentences and tell the reasons:
Please just tell me anything which you know about the author of the book.
I’ve read all the books which are not mine.
This is the first book which he has read.
This is the very book which belongs to him.
Suddenly the house fell, and hurt a woman and her dog which were just passing by .
Who is the man who is standing by the door?
Practice1:
1、I am sure she has something _____ you can borrow.
2、I’ve read all the books _____ you lend me.
3、This is the first book _____ he has read.
4、This is the very book _____ belongs to him.
5、The famous writer and his works _____ the radio broadcast are popular to the students.
6、Who is the girl _____ drove the car?
Practice2:
1).One ____ has nothing to fear dares to tell the truth.
2).The ones ____ laugh at the disabled are not good students.
3).Anyone ____ fails to finish the task should be punished.
4).Those ____ want to go to The Great Wall sigh up here.
Conclusion:__________________________________________________________________
四、综合练习。

综合练习一：（Titanic ）
1. Titanic is the film _________ tells us a moving love story.
2. Here are two pictures __________ are taken from the film .
3. The man and the woman ____________ you see in the picture are Jack and Rose .
4. Jack and Rose are the hero and the heroine ______________ loved each other very much in the film.
5. This is the film _______ name is Titanic.
= This is the film, the name of _______ is Titanic.
= This is the film, of _______ the name is Titanic.
综合练习二：改错
1.The book that you need it is in the library．
2.Those who has finished may go home．
3.He is the only one of the teachers who know French in our school．
4.This is one of the rooms that is free now．
5.Children eat a lot of sugar often have bad teeth．
6.Some of the boys I invited them didn’t come．
7.Anyone who break the law will be punished．
8.The key opens the bike is missing．
综合练习三：Join the pairs of sentences using the attributive clauses.
1. The boys are from Grade one.
The boys are playing basketball.
________________________________________________________________
2. The nurse is kind.
The nurse looks after my sister.
________________________________________________________________
3. We watched the play “Teahouse”.
The play was written by Lao She.
__________________________________________________________________
4. Where is the girl?
You talked with her last Sunday.
__________________________________________________________________
综合练习四：
Describe the pictures, using the Attributive Clause.
The school is the one _____. （化州一中）
The man _____ is our headmaster(校长).（陈富云校长）
Basketball is a sport ____________.
Module 1 Unit 4
Section V Writing
写一篇新闻报道
写作指导
一、写法指导
新闻报道通常有比较固定的写作格式，如报道的开头通常是地点或时间，第一句话常常是导语，是对整个报道的高度概括。

同时新闻报道要遵循真实性原则。

英文新闻报道通常包括下面四个部分：
1.标题：标题是新闻的题目，是编辑对最有新闻价值内容的浓缩、概括。

为了获取新闻要点、诠释新闻意义、吸引读者阅读，好的标题应该简洁明了。

如：
A Terrible Earthquake
A Sandstorm Hit the Northwest
China --- The First Spacewalk
2.导语：导语是消息开头的第一段或第一句话，它扼要地揭示出消息的核心内容。

如：On Sunday, September 28, 2008, three Chinese astronauts landed safely back on the earth.
3.主体：主体是消息的主要部分，它用充足的事实表现主题，是对导语内容的进一步展开和阐释。

主体要根据不同内容运用适当句型对新闻细节进行描述。

如：
(1) The earthquake destroyed nearly everything in Wenchuan county, Sichuan Province.
(2) The government sent 3,000 firefighters and policemen there to help them move to a safe place.
4. 结束语：一般是最后一句话或者一段话，通常对全文内容作概括性的总结，有时，作者根据报道在结束语中提出令人深思的问题。

如：
(1) In a word, it is necessary for us to learn to protect ourselves.
(2) I feel sad. If we all do something for them, things will be sure to get better.
(3) I believe we can certainly overcome the disaster with the public and the government working together.
二、常用句式
1.陈述事实常用的句型：
A terrible storm hit/struck..
It was a cool autumn night…
With the help of…
2.陈述观念常用的词组（句型）：
Clearly/obviously; in my opinion; it seems that…
3.解释原因的表达方式：
Because/because of…; since..; as a result of..; thanks to…
4.总结全文的句型：
In a word…
To draw a conclusion…
I believe…
三、典题示例
基础写作
生活中冲突时有发生。

假设你班同学苏华和李江打篮球时发生争执，导致关系紧张。

【写作内容】
请你结合此事，并根据以下提示，用英语写一篇短文，向学校英文报Happy Teens 专栏
【写作要求】
只能用5个句子表达全部内容
作文中不得提及有关考生个人身份的任何信息，如校名、人名等。

参考词汇：冲突conflict; 碰撞: bump
【评分标准】
句子结构准确，信息内容完整，篇章连贯。

___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________
四、审题谋篇
五、词句推敲
1. 词汇：
与某人冲突________________________________________
碰撞某人________________________________________
导致激烈的争执 ________________________________________
是某人的过错_________________________________________
应受责备_________________________________________
过分关注输赢_________________________________________
避免冲突_________________________________________
对……非常重要_________________________________________
设身处地为他人着想_________________________________________
2. 句式：
苏华和李江发生碰撞，引起了激烈的争吵。

一般表达：________________________________________________________________ 高级表达：________________________________________________________________ 2）我们应该相互友善，这对于享受和谐生活是很重要的。

一般表达：_________________________________________________________________ 高级表达：_________________________________________________________________
六、妙笔成篇
____________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________
21。