用bootsplash制作和修改Linux全图像启动界面

用bootsplash制作和修改Linux全图像启动界面#1 用bootsplash制作和修改Linux全图像启动界面只是想更改开机画面的读者直接跳到第5步阅读。

1. 下载所需内核补丁，工具和主题：http://www.bootsplash.de2. 给内核打补丁，并加上所需要的内核参数。

cd /usr/src/linuxmake mrproperpatch -p1make menuconfig对于2.6.x内核：CODE: [Copy to clipboard]-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Code maturity level options --->? Prompt for development and/or incomplete code/drivers Processor type and features --->? MTRR (Memory Type Range Register) supportDevice Drivers --->Block devices --->Loopback device supportRAM disk support(4096) Default RAM disk size? Initial RAM disk (initrd) supportGraphics support --->? Support for frame buffer devices? VESA VGA graphics supportConsole display driver support --->? Video mode selection supportFramebuffer Console supportBootsplash configuration --->? Bootup splash screen然后是编译内核了：makemake modules_installmake install再把生成的内核拷贝到/boot下:cp /usr/src/linux/arch/i386/boot/bzImage /bootcp /usr/src/linux/System.map /boot/System.map-2.6.143. 安装bootsplash-3.0.7里面的工具解压bootsplash-3.0.7.tgz，并进入bootsplash-3.0.7/Utilities目录。

执行命令：makecp fbresolution fbmngplay fbtruetype splash /sbin/4. 建立目录/etc/bootsplash/themes，解压Theme-Linux.tar.bz2到这个目录下，目前的目录结构应该是：/etc/bootsplash/themes/Linuxln -s Linux current5. 使用splash程式：/sbin/splash -s -f /etc/bootsplash/themes/Linux/config/bootsplash-1024x768.cfg > /boot/myinitrd.img这时候，就需要修改刚才的menu.lst或gurb.conf文件了，修改参照如下：title Magic Linuxroot (hd0,6)kernel /boot/lfs-bootsplash root=/dev/hda7 ro vga=791 splash=silentinitrd /boot/myinitrd.img目前重启，就能看到可爱的小企鹅了，按F2，会变成verbose模式。

6. 加个进度条这一步需要修改启动脚本。

打开文件/etc/rc.d/init.d,在最后加入：代码:CODE: [Copy to clipboard]--------------------------------------------------------------------------------progressbar(){if [ $# != 1 ]thenecho "Usage: progressbar {progress}"exit 1fiecho "show $(( 65534 * $1 / 100 ))" > /proc/splash}这个就是进度条函数了。

要使用这个函数，还需要在具体的启动脚本里添加调用语句。

我一般是用运行级3的，这时的启动过程，需要经过rcsysinit.d和rc3.d两个目录。

我的这两个目录下面的链接是这样：[root:/etc/rc.d/rc3.d]# ls /etc/rc.d/rcsysinit.d/S10swap S30checkfs S50cleanfs S70loadkeysS20mountproc S40mountfs S60setclock S80localnet[root:/etc/rc.d/rc3.d]# ls /etc/rc.d/rc3.d/S10sysklogd S25random S40alsa目前就需要根据个人的情况，编辑相应的启动脚本。

别忘了，所有的启动脚本都在/etc/rc.d/init.d下面。

按照我的情况，需要编辑的脚本是：checkfs mountfs cleanfs setclock loadkeys localnetsysklogd random 和alsa.为什么不编辑前两个脚本swap和mountproc呢？这是因为，progressbar函数里用到了/proc/splash，而在mountproc之前，这个文件是不存在的。

一共是10个脚本，在每个脚本的loadproc那一句(有些脚本没有loadproc的，这就需要根据情况来看了，反正都是在start参数后面，而在evaluate_retval前面的)前面，加上:progressbar XXX这个XXX是小于100的数字，也就是表示启动时进度条的百分比。

要说明的是，这个数字按照启动顺序，只能增大，要不然，进度条就会反着走了。

启动顺序就是我上面列出的从小到大，从rcsysinit.d到rc3.d。

举个例子，第一个要编辑的是S30checkfs，就进入/etc/rc.d/init.d目录，打开checkfs脚本，这个脚本不仅没有loadproc，而且连start参数也没有，但没关系，我们找到evaluate_retval，他前面的一句就是真正执行的语句，如下：echo "Mounting root file system in read-only mode..."mount -n -o remount,ro /evaluate_retval我把他改成：echo "Mounting root file system in read-only mode..."progressbar 10mount -n -o remount,ro /evaluate_retval其他的也差不多。

由于执行各个脚本的时间不太清晰，所以需要经过仔细调整，才能让进度条走得均匀。

不过这个问题倒是不大，只要能从0走到100就差不多了吧：)目前重启，就能看到进度条了。

不过我做完了以后，发现意思不大，因为在checkfs之前，进度条不走，而开始走了以后，非常快就到100%啦，呵呵，可能服务装多了以后，效果更明显吧。

7. 动画效果在前面的bootsplash-3.0.7.tar.bz2解压后，里面有个Scripts目录，这里提供了bootanim和splash.sh两个脚本，但他都是用于suse的，对于LFS不太适用，因此我做了两个脚本：bootanim.sh:代码:#!/bin/bash## splash.sh - This shell script triggers bootsplash actions during# system boot/shutdown. It can be run by the init scripts repeatedly# specifying the currently executed system script.## This script is used to play animations/sounds/show text/move the# progress bar, etc.## We call this function from /etc/rc.status:rc_splash()## This program is free software; you may redistribute it under# the terms of the GNU General Public License. This program has# absolutely no warranty.## written 2002-2003 Stefan Reinauer, stepan@suse.de[/email]># this script expects the following environment variables for an# operable# progress bar:## sscripts = number of start scripts to be executed for runlevel change# kscripts = number of stop scripts to be executed for runlevel change# progress = number of currently executed start/stop script# RUNLEVEL = runlevel to be reached.## To play animations, it’s advised that you have an animations.cfg in# your# theme’s config directory specifying the initscript name for an event# and# the command to be executed:## fsck start:bootanim start bounce.mng# master:bootanim stop## See/for more information.#_procsplash="`cat /proc/splash 2>/dev/null`"THEME="current"#test -f /etc/sysconfig/bootsplash && . /etc/sysconfig/bootsplashtest ! -d "/etc/bootsplash/themes/$THEME" && exit 0# parse animations.cfg. This part should not be handled by the# splash binary.function box() { true; } # ignore box descriptions in the config filetest -f"/etc/bootsplash/themes/$THEME/config/bootsplash-`fbresolution`.cfg" && ＼. /etc/bootsplash/themes/$THEME/config/bootsplash-`fbresolution`.cfgif [ -f /etc/bootsplash/themes/$THEME/config/animations.cfg ]; then COMMAND="`cat /etc/bootsplash/themes/$THEME/config/animations.cfg | grep "^$1"|cut -f2 -d＼:`"eval $COMMANDfi第二个是bootanim:代码:#!/bin/bash## bootanim - boot animation wrapper script for fbmngplay# This script parses /usr/share/splash/current/config/bootsplash-XxY.cfg # to determine the correct animation position.## (C) 2002 SuSE AG. Written by Stefan Reinauer stepan@suse.de[/email] >## modified by Michael Aichler#usage(){echo "Usage: `basename $0` COMMAND [OPTIONS] mng1 [mng2 ...]" catAvailable commands:start starts given animationstop fades out all running animationskill immediately stops all animationsnext kills current and starts next animation.Options for use with start command:EOFecho -e "`fbmngplay -h 2>&1 | grep -v ＼"usage:＼" | grep＼"-＼"`＼n"}if [ ! -x /sbin/splash ]; thenecho "`basename $0`: can’t find splash utility"exit 1fiDIRECTORY=/etc/bootsplash/themes/current/animationsOPTIONS=""FILES=""buffer=""console=""case "$1" instart)# We fall through here.;;stop)killall -q -2 fbmngplayexit 0;;kill)killall -q fbmngplayexit 0;;next)killall -q -USR1 fbmngplayexit 0;;*)echo "`basename $0`: illegal parameter."usageexit 1;;esacshift# We end up in bootanim startfor arg in $*; doif [ "${arg#*.}" == "mng" ]; thenFILES="$FILES $arg"elsetest "$arg" == "-b" && buffer="true"test "$arg" == "-c" && console="true"OPTIONS="$OPTIONS $arg"fidonetest -f"/etc/bootsplash/themes/current/config/bootsplash-`fbresolution`.cfg" &&＼. /etc/bootsplash/themes/current/config/bootsplash-`fbresolution`.cfgtest -z "$buffer" && OPTIONS="$OPTIONS -b"test -z "$console" && OPTIONS="$OPTIONS -c 1"echo $axOPTIONS="$OPTIONS -x $ax -y $ay"CMDLINE="fbmngplay $OPTIONS"for file in $FILES; doCMDLINE="$CMDLINE ${DIRECTORY}/${file}"doneeval "$CMDLINE &"把这两个脚本保存好，然后：chmod 755 bootanim.sh bootanim &&cp bootanim.sh bootanim /sbin这两个脚本及前面安装的fbmngplay程式是用来处理动画效果的。