★英国文学史及选读(学校试题库)

I. Each of the following below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement. (30%; 1.5 points for each)
1. Romance, which uses verse or prose to describe the adventures and life of the knights, is the popular literary form in ___C _.
A. Romanticism
B. Renaissance
C. medieval period
D. Anglo-Saxon period
2. Among the great Middle English poets, Geoffrey Chaucer is known for his production of___D
A. Piers Plowman
B. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight
C. Confessio Amantis
D. The Canterbury Tales
3. Generally, the Renaissance refers to the period between the 14th and mid-17th centuries, its essence is____D___.
A. science
B. philosophy
C. arts
D. humanism
4. The sentence “Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day?”is the line of one of Shakespeare’s（）
A. comedies
B. tragedies
C. histories
D. sonnets
5. Which of the following statements best illustrates the theme of Shakespeare’s Sonnet 18? C
A. The speaker eulogizes (praise) the power of
B. The speaker satirizes human vanity
C. The speaker praises the power of artistic creation
D. The speaker meditates on man’s salvation
6. “The Fairy Queen” is the masterpiece written by__C__.
A. John Milton
B. Geoffrey Chaucer
C. Edmund Spenser
D. Alexander Pope
7. Which of the following work did Bacon NOT write? D
A. Advancement of Learning
B. Novum Organum
C. De Augmentis
D. Areopagitica
8. The most distinguished literary figure of the 17th century was（B）who was a critic, poet, and playwright.
A. Oliver Goldsmith
B. John Dryden
C. John Milton
D. S.T. Coleridge
9. Which of the following has / have associations with John Donne’s poetry? B
A. reason and sentiment
B. conceits and wits
C. the euphuism
D. writing in the rhymed couplet
10. Henry Fielding has been regarded by some as “___B___”, for his contribution to the establishment of the form of the modern novel.
A. Best writer of the English novel
B. The father of English novel
C. The most gifted writer of the English novel
D. conventional writer of English novel
11. John Milton’s masterpiece—Paradise Lost was written in the poetic style of __ B _.
A. rhymed stanzas
B. blank verse
C. alliteration
D. sonnets
12. The Houyhnhnms depicted by Jonathan Swift in Gulliver’s Travels are ____A_.
A. horses that are endowed with reason
B. pigmies that are endowed with admirable qualities
C. giants that are superior in wisdom
D. hairy, wild, low and despicable creatures, who resemble human beings not only in appearance but also in some other ways
13. Gothic novels are mostly stories of___C_____, which take place in some haunted or dilapidated Middle Age castles.
A. love and marriage
B. sea adventures
C. mystery and horror
D. saints and martyrs
14. William Wordsworth, a romantic poet, advocated all the following EXCEPT __D_.
A. the use of everyday language spoken by the common people
B. the expression of the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings
C. the use of humble and rustic life as subject matter
D. the use of elegant wording and inflated figures of speech
15. Charles Dickens’ works are c haracterized by a mingling of ___A____ and pathos.
A. humor
B. satire
C. passion
D. metaphor
16. In __B____ ’s hands, “dramatic monologue” reaches its maturity and perfection.
A. Alfred Tennyson
B. Robert Browning
C. William Shakespeare
D. George Eliot
17. The three trilogies of（）’s Forsyte novels are masterpieces of critical realism in the early 20th century.
A. John Galsworthy
B. Arnold Bennett
C. James Joyce
D. H. G. Wells
18. The bard of imperialism was（B）, who glorified the colonial expansion of Great Britain in his works.
A. R. L. Stevenson
B. Rudyard Kipling
C. H. G. Wells
D. Daniel Defoe
19. “art for art’s sake” was put forth by ___A___.
A. aestheticism
B. naturalism
C. realism
D. neo-romanticism
20. Which of the following is taken from John Keats’“Ode on a Grecian Urn”? D
A. “I fall upon the thorns of life! I bleed!”
B. “They are both gone up to the church to pray.”
C. “Earth has not anything to show more fair.”
D. “Beauty is truth, truth beauty.”
II. Fill in the blanks with correct information. (16%; 1 points for each blank)
1. In 1066, the Normans headed by Duke William, defeated the Anglo-Saxons. This marked the beginning of feudalism in England and England entered into feudal society.
2. Chaucer’s The Canterbury Tales is written in th e style of rhymed (metrical) stanza instead of alliteration in the Anglo-Saxon period.
3. The Pilgrims Progress is the masterpiece of John Bunyan (the writer), written in the old-fashioned, medieval form of dream and allegory, in which the main character is Christian .
4. Dorian Gray was the main character in the novel The Picture of Dorian Gray written by (Oscar) Wilde .
5. Romanticism extended from 1798 when The Lyrical Ballads was published and in 1832 when (Walter)
6. The writer who figured his hometown—the Wessex country in his works is _(Thomas) Hardy.
7. In “I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud”, hills, vales, lakes, bays and the daffodils are parts of , and “daffodils” symbolize (the beauty of) .
8. “Dubliners” is a collection of short stories written by James Joyce in the writing style of stream of consciousness.
9. In the “The Idylls of the King”, the poet Alfred Tennyson painted the first English hero, King Arthur , and gave a new meaning to the legends about the knights of the Round Table.
III. Answer the following questions briefly based on your understanding of the texts studied. (12%; 1 point for each question)
1. Dull sublunary lover’s love
(Whose soul is sense) cannot admit
Absence, because it doth remove
Those things which elemented it.
a. Who was the writer? John Donne
b. What is the name/ title of the poem?
A Valediction: Forbidding Mourning
c. What does it mean by “Dull sublunary lover’s love”? (Explain it.)
secular love/ ordinary (lover’s) love
d. What does “soul” mean? essence
e. What does “sense” here mean?
sense organs/ hands, eyes, lips, etc
f. What does “it” mean in “because it doth remove”? absence
g. What does “Those things” mean?
sense organs/ hands, eyes, lips, etc
h. What does “it” refer to in “Those things which elemented it”?
dull sublunary lover’s love
2. Wild Spirit, which art moving everywhere; (1)
Destroyer and Preserver; hear, O hear! (2)
a. What is the title of the poem? Ode to the West Wind
b. In line (1), why is the west wind called “Wild Spirit”?
Because it is the “breath of Autumn’s being” (it has the soul, breath, and inspiration) which (on earth, sky, and sea) destroys in autumn to revives in the spring.
c. In line (2), why is it called “Destroyer”?
Because the West Wind destroys the dead leaves/ the old things (or the poet’s old thoughts and the old world) d. In line (2), what does “Preserver” mean?
Because the West Wind preserves seeds (and revives in spring)/ spreads new things (or preserve the new and give the poet/world a new birth.)
IV. Give your answers to the following items logically and concisely. You have to mention the writer (and the title of the work) first if necessary. (24%)
1. In your opinion, why does Satan in Paradise Lost choose the Garden of Eden for his battlefield? (7 points) Answer: 1) Paradise Lost was written by John Milton. (1points)
2) The Garden of Eden is the most perfect of spot ever created by God ; (2 points)
3) There live in innocent bliss God’s masterpiece, the f irst man and woman, Adam and Eve, who are allowed by God to enjoy /revel in the supreme beauties of Paradise, provided they do not eat the fruit that grows on the tree of the knowledge of good and evil; (3 point)
4) Satan desires to tear them away from the influence of God and to make them instrumental in his struggle against God’s authority. (1 point)
2. What is your opinion on the character Rebecca Sharp? (7 points)
Answer:
1) Rebecca Sharp is the main character in Vanity Fair written by William Makepeace Thackeray. (1 point)
2) She is the perfect embodiment of the spirit of Vanity Fair (as her only aspiration in life is to gain wealth and position by any means: through lies, mean actions and unscrupulous speculating with every sacred ideal) (3 points)
3) She is shrewd and unscrupulous, supplicated beyond her years; determined to worm her way into society at all cost; she is full-blooded and many-sided. (3 points)
3. Based on your understanding of “Lines Composed a Few Miles Above Tintern Abbey”, “She D welt Among the Untroden Ways”, and “I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud”, discuss “What are the functions of for the poet expressed in the poems?” (10 points)
Answer:
(1) The poems were written by William Wordsworth (in which he described the functions and benefits that has/brings). (1 point)
(2) (open-end question: 只要回答中包含以下相关内容或三首诗中的例子，陈述比较清楚，即可得分；表述不清者在原给分基础上可酌情扣1至2分) (9 points) 如：could make him love more, make his thoughts purer and loftier and mind and soul more comfort. (For example, in “Lines”, he said because of and by recalling , he could have the sweet sensation and pleasures in lonely rooms and amid the din of towns and cities, could make him have the actions of kindness and love, give him the blessed and sublime mood, lighten the burden of the
heavy and weary world, see into the life of things, make him look on with thoughts, hear the still and sad music of humanity. could be the anchor of his purest thought, the nurse, guide, guardian of his heart and soul and life and food for his future years.（5分）In “I wondered lonely as a cloud”, the daffodils () in vacant or pensive mood flash upon his inward eye and fill his heart with pleasure and dance with the daffodils.（2分）In “She dwelt among the untrodden ways”, could make him look on more carefully and with a special mind.（2分）
V. Write a summery of Pride and Prejudice and make a short comment on the theme. Your marks depends on the elements of the writer (1 point), the main characters and their relations (2 points), the main plot and result (8 points), comment on the theme (4 points), and grammar and structure (3 points). (18%)
Answer:1) the writer (1分)；(Pride and Prejudice was written by Jane Austen, in the romantic period)2) the main characters and their relations (2分)；? (Mr. and Mrs. Bennet; The Bennet’s 5 daughters: the beautiful Jane, the clever Elizabeth, the bookish Mary, the immature Kitty and the wild Lydia. Elizabeth—Mr. Darcy;(Jane—Mr. Bingley; Lydia—Mr. Wickham))? 3) the main plot（7分；主要情节表述不全或不连贯者酌情扣分）and result (1分)；(Unfortunately for the Bennets, if Mr. Bennet dies their house will be inherited by a distant cousin whom they have never met, so the family's future happiness and security is dependant on the daughters making good marriages. Life is uneventful until the arrival in the neighborhood of the rich gentleman Mr. Bingley, who rents a large house so he can spend the summer in the country. Mr. Bingley brings with him his sister and the dashing (and richer) but proud Mr. Darcy. Love is soon in the air for one of the Bennet sisters, while another may have jumped to a hasty prejudgment. For the Bennet sisters many trials and tribulations stand between them and their happiness, including class, gossip and scandal.)4) comment on the theme (4分) ?(Theme: exploration of the marriage, property and intrigue between the main and minor characters; delicate probing of the values of gentry/ marriage, class, money) 5) grammar and structure (3分).
I. Each of the following below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would bet complete the statement.
1. The long poem _C_ in Anglo-Saxon period was termed England’s national epic.P67
A. The Canterbury Tales
B. Paradise Lost
C. The Song of Beowulf
D. The Fairy Queen
2. Romance, which uses verse or prose to describe the adventures and life of the knights, is the popular literary form in ____C__.
A. Romanticism
B. Renaissance
C. medieval period
D. Anglo-Saxon period
4. __A_____ is regarded as the father of English poetry.
A. Geoffrey Chaucer
B. Edmund Spenser
C. John Milton
D. W. Wordsworth
5. It is ____A____ alone who, for the first time in English literature, presented to us a comprehensive realistic picture of the English society of his time and created a whole gallery of vivid characters from all walks of life.
A. Geoffrey Chaucer
B. Martin Luther
C. William Shakespeare
D. John Gower
6. One of Chaucer’s main contributions to English poetry is _A_____.
A. he introduced the rhymed stanzas from France to English poetry
B. he created striking brilliant panorama of his time and his country
C. he wrote in blank verse
D. he was the first to write sonnet
7. During the Renaissance, __C_____ was the first one to introduce the sonnet into English poetry.
A. Chaucer
B. John Donne
C. Thomas Wyatt
D. Earl of Surrey
8. During the Renaissance, _D______ wrote the first English blank verse.
A. Chaucer
B. Edmund Spencer
C. Thomas Wyatt
D. Earl of Surrey
9. Which of the following historical events does not directly help to stimulate the rising of the Renaissance Movement? C
A. The rediscovery of ancient Greek and Roman culture
B. The new discoveries in geography and astrology
C. The Glorious revolution
D. The religious reformation and the economic expansion
10. The Renaissance is actually a movement stimulated by a series of historical events. Which one of the following is NOT such an event? B
A. The rediscovery of ancient Roman and Greek culture.
B. England’s domestic rest
C. New discovery in geography and astrology.
D. The religious reformation and the economic expansion.
11. Generally, the Renaissance refers to the period between ___A___ and ______ centuries.
A. 14th...mid-17th
B. 14th...mid-18th
C. 16th...mid-18th
D. 16th...mid-17th
13. ___B____ frequently applied conceits in his poems. P282
A. Edmund Spenser
B. John Donne
C. William Blake
D. Thomas Gray
14. ___C____ is known as “the poet’s poet”.
A. William Shakespeare
B. Christopher Marlowe
C. Edmund Spenser
D. John Donne
15. Romance，which uses narrative verse or prose to tell stories of__B__ adventures or other heroic deeds，is a popular literary form in the medieval period.
A. Christian
B. knightly
C. pilgrims
D. primitive
16. ____B____ and William Shakespeare are the best representatives of the English humanism.
A. Edmund Spenser, Christopher Marlowe
B. Thomas More, Christopher Marlowe
C. John Donne, Edmund Spenser
D. John Milton, Thomas More
17. Among the following plays which is not written by Christopher Marlowe? D
A. Dr. Faustus
B. The Jew of Malta
C. Tamburlaine
D. The School for Scandal
18. Shakespeare’s greatest tragedies are __A__.
A. Hamlet, Othello, King Lear and Macbeth
B. Hamlet, Othello, King Lear and Romeo and Juliet
C. Hamlet, Coriolanus, King Lear and Macbeth
D. Hamlet, Julius caesar, Othello and Macbeth
19★. The sentence “Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day?”is the line of one of Shakespeare’s ________.
A. comedies
B. Tragedies
C. histories
D. sonnets
20. “So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see, /So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.” (Shakespeare, Sonnets 18) What does “this” refer to? D
A. Lover
B. Time
C. Summer
D. Poetry
21. Which of the following statements best illustrates the theme of Shakespeare’s Sonnet 18? C
A. The speaker eulogizes the power of
B. The speaker satirizes human vanity
C. The speaker praises the power of artistic creation
D. The speaker meditates on man’s salvation
22.★“Bassani Antonio，I am married to a wife Which is as dear to me as life itself；But life itself，my wife，and all the world，Are not with me esteem’d above thy life；I would lose all，ay，sacrifice them all，Here to the devil，to deliver you. Portia：Your wife would give you little thanks for that，ff she were by to hear you make the offer.”The above is a quotation taken from Shakespeare’s comedy The Merchant of Venice. The quoted part can be regarded as a good example to illustrate A/D
A. dramatic irony
B. personification
C. allegory
D. symbolism
23. “The Fairy Queen” is the masterpiece written by__C__.
A. John Milton
B. Geoffrey Chaucer
C. Edmund Spenser
D. Alexander Pope
24. Which of the following work did Bacon NOT write? D
A. Advancement of Learning
B. Novum Organum
C. De Augmentis
D. Areopagitica
25. The greatest of pioneers of English drama in Renaissance is ___B____, one of whose drama is “Doctor Faustus”.
A. William Shakespeare
B. Christopher Marlowe
C. Oscar Wilde
D. R. Brinsley Sheridan
26. “Euphues” was written by _B_____, the style of the novel was called “Euphuism”.
A. John Bunyan
B. John Lyly
C. John Donne
D. John Milton
27. The most f amous dramatist in the 18th century is ____C__, who is famous for “The School for Scandal”.
A. Oliver Goldsmith
B. Thomas Gray
C. R. Brinsley Sheridan
D. G.eorge Bernard Shaw
28. The most distinguished literary figure of the 17th century was(B ), who was a critic, poet, and playwright.
A. Oliver Goldsmith
B. John Dryden
C. John Milton
D. T. G. Coleridge
29. The representative of the “Metaphysical” poetry is __A____, whose poems are famous for his use of fantastic metaphors and extravagant hyperboles.
A. John Donne
B. John Milton
C. William Blake
D. Robert Burns
30. Which of the following has / have associations with John Donne’s poetry? B(P)
A. reason and sentiment
B. conceits and wits
C. the euphuism
D. writing in the rhymed couplet
31. ___(P152). A__ is the successful religious allegory(讽喻，寓言) in the English language.
A. The Pilgrim’s Progress
B. The Canterbury Tales
C. Paradise Lost
D. Pamela, or Virtue Rewarded
32. The 18th century England is known as the __C____ in the history.
A. Renaissance
B. Classicism
C. Enlightenment
D. Romanticism
33. Of all the eighteenth-century novelists, who was the first to set out, both in theory and practice, to write specially a “comic滑稽的epic史诗in prose”, the first to give the modern novel its structure and style?
A. Thomas Gray
B. Richard Brinsley Sheridan
C. Johathan Swift
D. Henry Fielding
34. Henry Fielding has been regarded by some as “B”, for his to the establishment of the form of the modern novel.
A. Best writer of the English novel
B. The father of English novel
C. The most gifted writer of the English novel
D. Conventional writer of English novel
35. Among the pioneers先驱of the 18th century novelists were Daniel Defoe, Samuel Richardson, Henry fielding and ___A___.
A. Laurence Sterne (P169)
B. John Dryden
C. Charles Dickens
D. Alexander Pope
36. John Milton’s masterpiece—Paradise Lost was written in the poetic style of _B____.
A. rhymed stanzas押韵节
B. blank verse无韵诗
C. alliteration头韵法
D. sonnets十四行诗
37. Of all the 18th century novelists Henry Fielding was the first to set out____, both in theory and practice，to write specifically a “____B_____ in prose,”the first to give the modern novel its structure and style. (Refer to
19)
A. tragic epic
B. comic epic
C. romance
D. lyric epic
38. Besides Sheridan, another great playwright in the 18th century is ___A___.
A. Oliver Goldsmith 喜剧she stoops to conquer
B. Thomas Gray 诗人
C. T. G. Smollet 小说家
D. Laurence Sterne 小说家
39. She Stoops to Conquer was written by __A___.
A. Oliver Goldsmith
B. R. Brinsley Sheridan
C. John Dryden
D. George Bernard Shaw
40. The middle of the 18th century was predominated by a newly rising literary form, that is the modern English ___B___, which gives a realistic presentation of life of the common English people.
A. prose
B. short story
C. novel
D. tragicomedy
41. The Houyhnhnm s depicted by Jonathan Swift in Gulliver’s Travels are __A___.
A. horses that are endowed with reason
B. pigmies that are endowed with admirable qualities
C. giants that are superior in wisdom
D. hairy, wild, low and despicable creatures, who resemble human beings not only in appearance but also in some other ways
42. The unquenchable spirit of Robinson Crusoe struggling to maintain a substantial existence on a lonely island reflects ____D______.
A. man’s desire to return to
B. the author’s criticism of the c olonization
C. the ideal of the rising bourgeoisie中产阶级
D. the aristocrats’ disillusionment of the harsh social reality
43. Gothic novels are mostly stories of__C___, which take place in some haunted or dilapidated Middle Age castles.
A. love and marriage
B. sea adventures
C. mystery and horror
D. saints and martyrs
44. “The father of English novel” is ___A_______.
A. Henry Fielding
B. Daniel Defoe
C. Jonathan Swift
D. John Donne
45. The greatest Scottish poet in the pre-romanticism is ____D____.
A. William Wordswoth
B. Oliver Goldsmith
C. Thomas Gray
D. Robert Burns
46. ___A___ is written by William Blake, a great poet in the pre-romanticism.
A. The Songs of Innocence
B. Reliques of Ancient English poetry
C. Songs and Sonnets
D. Kubla Khan
47. The Rights of Man, a pamphlet, was written by __D____, in which he advocated that politics was the business of the whole mass of common people and not only of a government oligarchy.
A. John Milton
B. Jonathan Swift
C. Robert Burns
D. Thomas Paine
48. William Wordsworth，a romantic poet，advocated all the following EXCEPT (D).
A. the use of everyday language spoken by the common people
B. the expression of the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings
C. the use of humble and rustic life as subject matter
D. the use of elegant wording and inflated figures of speech
49. Which of the following is taken from John Keats’ “Ode on a Grecian Urn”? D
A. “I fall upon the thorns of life! I bleed!”
B. “They are both gone up to the church to pray.”
C. “Earth has not anything to show more fair.”
D. “Beauty is truth，truth beauty.”
50. “If Winter comes，can Spring be far behind.”is an epigrammatic line by D
A. John Keats
B. William Blake
C. William Wordsworth
D. P. B. Shelley
51★. “Ode on a Grecian Urn”shows the contrast between the___B___ of art and the____ of human passion.
A. Glory, ugliness
B. permanence, transience
C. transience, sordidness
D. glory, permanence
52. One of the great essay writers of the early 19th century is B
A. Jane Austen
B. Charles Lamb
C. Walter Scott
D. George Eliot
53. Tales form Shakespeare was written by ___D__.
A. Charles Lamb
B. William Hazlitt
C. Charles Lamb and Mary Lamb
D. Wordsworth and Coleridge
54. Charles Dickens’ works are characterized by a mingling of ____A___ and pathos.
A. humor
B. satire
C. passion
D. metaphor
55★. In Chapter III of Oliver Twist, Oliver is punished for that “impious and profane offence of asking for more”. What did Oliver ask for more?
A. More time to play
B. More food to eat
C. More books to read
D. More money to spend
56. In ___B___ ’s hands, “dramatic monologue” reaches its maturity and perfection.
A. Alfred Tennyson
B. Robert Browning
C. William Shakespeare
D. George Eliot
57. The success of Jane Eyre is not only because of its sharp criticism of the existing society, but also due to its introduction to the English novel the first __D____ heroine.
A. explorer
B. peasant
C. worker
D. governess 家庭女教师
58. The three trilogies of __A___ ’s Forsyte novels are masterpieces of critical realism in the early 20th century.
A. John Galswortry
B. Arnold Bennett
C. James Joyce
D. H. G. Wells
59. The Victorian Age was largely an age of___C___ eminently represented by Dickens and Thackeray.
A. poetry
B. drama
C. novel
D. prose
60★. The title of Alfred Tennyson’s poem “Ulysses”reminds the reader of the following EXCEPT___C/D______.
A. the Trojan War
B. Homer’s Odyssey
C. adventures over the sea
D. religious quest
61. The work __B___ written by Alfred Tennyson was about the question of higher education of women.
A. Crossing the Bar
B. The Princess
C. Break, Break, Break
D. Ulysses
62. The bard of imperialism政治和贸易优势was _B___, who glorified the colonial expansion of Great Britain in his works.
A. R. L. Stevenson
B. Rudyard Kipling
C. H. G. Wells
D. Daniel Defoe
63. The Dynasts was a gigantic epic史诗的drama written by ___B__.
A. George Bernard Shaw
B. Thomas Hardy
C. Oscar Wilde
D. John Galsworthy
64. The major concern of___A/B____ fiction lies in the tracing of the psychological development of his characters and in his energetic criticism of the dehumanizing effect of the capitalist industrialization on human .
A. D. H. Lawrence’s
B. J. Galsworthy’s
C. W. Thackeray’s
D. T. Hardy’s
65. A typical Forsyte, according to John Galsworthy, is a man with a strong sense of___A____, who never pays any attention to human feelings.
A. property
B. justice
C. morality
D. humor
66. ____D__is considered to be the best-known English dramatist since Shakespeare，and his representative works are plays inspired by social criticism.
A. Richard Sheridan
B. Oliver Goldsmith
C. Oscar Wilde
D. George Bernard Shaw
67. “art for art’s sake” was put forth by _A_____.
A. aestheticism
B. naturalism
C. realism
D. neo-romanticism
68. James Joyce is the author of all the following novels EXCEPT___B_____.
A. Dubliners
B. Jude the Obscure
C. A portrait of the Artist as a Young Man
D. Ulysses
II. Choose one or more correct answers to complete the statement.
69. __BC_______ belonged to the stream of consciousness.
A.D. H. Lawrenc
B.James Joyce
C.Virginia Woolf
D.T. S. Eliot
★87. How do you understand “To be, or not to be”? Give your evidence to support your ideas.
★92. What are Chaucer’s contributions to English literature
答：(①Chaucer's language now called Middle English is vivid,smooth and exact. He is the first great poet writing in the current English.②His contribution is to lies chiefly in his introduction of various rhymed stanzas of various types. Especially he introduced rhymed stanzas from France to English, instead of the old alliterative Angle Saxon poetry.③He is the first great poet to write in the current English. His production of so much excellent poetry was an important factor in establishing English as the literary language of the country. The spoken English of the time consist of several dialect,and Chaucer did much in making the dialect of London as the foundation for modern English speech.)
93. What are Shakespeare’s contributions to English literature?
Construction:
a. Shakespeare's plays are well-known for their adroit plot construction. He borrows them from some old plays or storybooks, or from ancient Greek and Roman sources.
b. He would shorten the time and intensify the story. There are usually several threads running through the play.
★94. What is the theme of “Paradise Lost”?
答：(the exposure of reactionary forces of his time and passionate appeal for freedom)
★95. Why did Satan choose the Garden of Eden as the battlefield? (书上、样卷有答案)
★108. What does “She”(referring to Lucy) in “She Dwelt Among the Untroden Ways”imply?( 暗指所有新鲜的有活力和有生命的事物)
★109. What is the theme of “She Dwelt Among the Untrodden Ways”?(①She 的特点②violet的特点③she与violet的联想特点④诗人的态度)
What the theme of "I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud"?
答：(①作者都自然的赞美和喜爱②自然给人带来财富和给人以安慰的作用) 笔记上的
Theme:1.Nature embodies human beings in their diverse
circumstance. It is nature that give hi m “strength
and knowledge fullof peace”
2.It is bliss to recolled the beauty of nature in poet
mind while he is in solitude.
★113. What are the functions of “West Wind”in Shelley’s Ode to the West Wind? What do they mean?同下答：Destroyer andpreserver. The west wind to destroyer of the old who drives the last signs of life from the trees, and preserver of the new who scatter the seads shich sill come to life in the spring. This is a poem about renewal, about the wind blowing life back into dead things, implying not just an arc of life (which would end at death) but a cycle, which only starts again when something dies.
115. Why did Percy Bysshe Shelly in his “Ode to the West Wind” ask for the West Wind to “lift me as a wave, a leaf, a cloud”? Give your analysis.
116. “I fall upon the thorns of life! I bleed!/A heavy weight of hours has chained and bowed/ One too like thee: tameless, and swift, and proud.” The above quotation is taken from Shelley’s poem ‘Ode to the West wind”. What does the underlined part mean?
★117.(同115题) Why did Shelley wish to be “a dead leaf”, “a swift cloud”and asked the West wind to “lift me as a wave, a leaf, a cloud”?
★124. What is the character Rebecca Sharp?P195下册(样卷原题)
She is a perfect embodiment of the spirit of Vanity Fair as her only aspiration in life is to gain wealth and position by any means: through lies, mean actions and unscrupulous speculating with every sacred ideal.
★125. What is your opinion on the character Rebecca Sharp?样卷原题
126. What are the major contributions made by the 19th century critical realists? (The major contribution is their perfection of the novel. Like the realists of the 18th century, the 19th century critical realist made use of the form of novel of full and detailed representations of social and political events, and of the fate of individuals and of whole social classes. However, the realistic novels of the 19th century went a step further than those of the 18th century in that they not only pictured the conflicts between individuals who stood for definite social strata, but also showed the broad social conflicts over and above the fate of mere individuals. Their artistic representation of vital social movements such as Chartism, and their vivid description of the dramatic conflicts of the time make the 19th century realistic novel “the epic of the bourgeois society”.)
127. What does the subtitle “A Pure Woman” of the novel Tess of the D’Urbervilles mean?
答：To show what Hardy thought of his heroine, who is seduced, abandoned, and finally driven to murder for which she is hanged. Through it all she remains his most lovable woman character, cruelly tormented by fate and innocent of any intention to sin.。