Lesson62Afterthefire(课件)新概念英语第二册(2)

When the fire had at last been put out, the forest authorities ordered several tons of a special type of grass-seed which would grow quickly.
在大火最后被扑灭后, 森林管理当局订购了好 几吨一种生长迅速的特殊类型的草籽.
They drank a large /great /small quantity of beer last night. quantity复数时表示“大量”：
He bought books in (large) quantities. quantities of大量的…… quality n. 质量 sth. with good quality具有好质量的东西
Now, smoke still rose up from the warm ground over the desolate hills.
而现在, 发热的地面上仍然升腾着烟雾, 弥漫在荒凉的山丘上. rise up (from)升上来 smoke n. 烟（雾） full of smoke充满烟雾 smokey adj. 多烟的（名词加-y, 变为形容词） smoker n. 抽烟的人 heavy smoker烟瘾重的人； non smoker不抽烟的人 smoke v. 吸烟
in place of替代，取代 (只能指代位置、空间，原来 放的东西现在不在了)
In place of a cup , I put a vase there.
以前放的是茶杯，现在放的是花瓶。
Jane answered the phone in place of Mary.
instead of替代+没做的事
We have the authority to search this building. authority n. 权威（单数） n. 当局(常用复数authorities)
The seed was sprayed over the ground in huge quantities by aeroplanes.
在包含间接引语的句子中，如果引述词是过去时态，则现在 完成进行时要改为过去完成进行时。过去完成时与过去完 成进行时有时可以互换。但需要表示某个工作已经完成时， 只能用过去完成时。 When I arrived, they’d alredy put the fire out.
Great and Big great adj. 大的(强调重要性)，伟大的，重大的，
The two dogs were fighting over a bone. 两只狗为一块骨头撕咬.
Have you been fighting with (ie against) your brother again?
你又跟弟弟打架了吧?
(d)[I, Ipr] ~ (about/over sth) quarrel or argue 争吵; 争论: It's a trivial matter and not worth fighting about. 区区小事不值得争吵. fighter n 1. person who fights in war or in sport 战士; 战斗者; 游戏或比赛的参加者. 她不会轻易放弃的, 她十分顽强. She won't give up easily, she's a real fighter.
战争造成的满目疮痍. 2. misery; loneliness 凄凉; 孤寂: desolate adj. 荒凉的（与地方相连，表示无人
居住, 荒无人烟的）；极度孤独的(与人相连 时) lonely adj. 孤独的，荒凉的，偏僻的（与地方 连表示孤零零的，但并不表示无人居住）
(2)use (sth) as a threat 用（某事）相要挟:
凄凉而无友的; 孤凄的: a desolate person, life 孤独而凄凉的人﹑ 生活 她走後, 我们都觉得万分孤寂. We all felt absolutely desolate when she left.
desolately adv.
desolate v [Tn esp passive 尤用於被动语态] 1 leave (a place) ruined and deserted 使（某处）沦为废墟; 使荒凉: a city desolated by civil strife 遭内乱破坏的城市. 2 make (sb) sad and hopeless 使（某人）悲伤
The Government can no longer keep prices under control.
政府已控制不住物价。
control<v.> sth. I can control it. =I can manage it.我能对付(口语)
A short time before, great trees had covered the countryside for miles around.
绝望:
a family desolated by the loss of a child 因失去孩子而悲痛欲绝的一家人
desolation
1. desolating or being desolated (desolate v 1)
遗弃; 荒凉; 破坏:
the desolation caused by war
飞机把这种草籽大量地撒播在地上. spray v. 喷撒 spray sth. over/on往……上喷洒
spray water over/on flower
spray grass-seed over/on the ground quantity单数时仅表示“数量”，既可以用于表示多也可以用于
表示少：
The hijthe passengers if their demands were not met.
劫机者扬言若不满足他们的要求, 就把乘客都 杀死.
(3)give warning of (sth) 预示（某事）: 有迹象表明天要下雨了。
Don't smoke! = No smoking!
He smoked heavily. smoking area / smoking room吸烟室
cigarette
cigar
desolate
(a)(of a place) deserted and miserable （指地方）无人烟的, 荒凉的, 荒芜的: a desolate industrial landscape 工业废墟 (b)miserable and without friends; lonely and sad
重要的
Frank has just made a great decision. big adj. 大的(强调面积、体积、规模上的大)
fight
(a) [I, Ipr] ~ (against/with sb/sth) struggle against sb/sth using physical force, in a war, battle, etc
搏斗; 打架; 打仗; 作战: 为作战而受训的士兵
soldiers training to fight
She was very tired. She had been typing letters all day.
Jill was angry. Jim had been phoning her every night for a whole week.
Her eyes were red. It was obvious she had been crying.
get it under control表示“使它得到控制”，get有 “使……处于某种状态”的含义，“get+宾语+ 介词短语”作宾补
control n. 控制 under control在控制之下,被控制
out of control失控
你最好管住你的狗。
You'd better get your dog under control.
削弱 复合词（由两个词组合而成一个词），如
fireman 派生词（加前缀或后缀的词）如-tion ——名
词后缀； -less ——形容词后缀
过去完成时和过去完成进行时
过去完成进行时的构成：had been +现在分词
过去完成进行时用于强调某动作在过去更早的某一段时间内 一直在进行，并对过去某一时刻产生结果，过去完成进行 时也可用来表示过去经常重复的动作，还可以表示根据直 接或间接的证据而得出结论。与它经常连用的表示时间的 词有before，for，since，all day等。
Instead of staying home, I went to school. （此句就不 能用“in place of”，而指地点空间时，既可以用“in place of”也可以用“instead of”。）
blacken v. 变黑，发暗 烟把墙熏黑了。
The smoke has blacken the walls. -en后缀表示动词，译为“使……变得……” weak adj. 虚弱的——> weaken v. 使……变弱，
She now has authority over the people she used to take orders from.
她现在有权力支配那些一贯向她发号施令的人.
(b) ~ (to do sth) right to act in a specific way 职权; 权限: 我们有权搜查这座建筑物.
It threatened to rain.
surrounding adj. 周围的 surroundings n. 环境(在周边的事物) atmosphere n. 大气层, 氛围(在周边的人文环境) destruction n. destroying or being destroyed 破
坏; 摧毁; 毁灭 destroy v. 破坏 destructive adj. 毁灭性的 construct v. 建设(为……创造更好的条件) construction n.建设, 建筑 construction bank建设银行 constructive adj. 建设性的(意见)
Lesson 62 Affer the fire
Firemen had been fighting the forest fire for nearly three weeks before they could get it under control.
消防队员们同那场森林大火搏斗了将近3个星期才最 后把火势控制住.
put out扑灭 type 强调与其他同类的东西有明显不同的特
征的种类，与kind有区别
authority
(a)power to give orders and make others obey 权力; 权威:
The leader must be a person of authority. 领袖必须是有权威的人.
In place of the great trees which had been growing there for centuries patches of green had begun to appear in the blackened soil.
一片片的绿草开始出现在这片烧焦的土地上, 代替了 多少世纪以来一直生长在那里的参天大树.
就在不久之前, 参天大树还覆盖着方圆数英里 的土地.
a short time before不久以前，从过去某一点时 间算起，一段时间以前
for miles around方圆几英里（around表示“在周 围，向四周”）
方圆数英里之内这是唯一的一座现代化建筑。
This is the only modern building for miles around.