辽宁省营口市高考英语 阅读理解、短文填单词类训练题(8)

辽宁营口市2014高考英语阅读理解、短文填单词类训练题（8）及答
案
阅读下列短文，按要求完成读写任务
(全国Ⅰ卷)We have met the enemy，and he is ours.We bought him at a pet shop.When monkey­pox，a disease usually found in the African rain forest，suddenly turns up in children in the American Midwest，it's hard not to wonder if the disease that comes from foreign animals is homing or on human beings.“Most of the infections we think of as human infections started in other animals，” says Morse，director of the Center for Public Health Preparedenss at Columbia University.
It's not just that we're going to where the animals are，we're also bringing them closer to us.Popular foreign pets have brought a whole new disease to this country.A strange illness killed Isaksen's pets，and she now thinks that keeping foreign pets is a bad idea.“I don't think it's fair to have them as pets when we have such a limited knowledge of them”，says Isaken.
“Laws allowing these animals to be brought in from deep forest areas without stricter control need changing，” says Peter Schantz.Monkey­pox may be the wake­up_call.Researchers believe infected animals may infect their owners.We know very little about these new diseases.A new bug may be kind at first.But it may develop into something harmful.Monkey­pox doesn't look a major infectious disease.B ut it is not impossible to pass the disease from person to person.
Ⅰ.根据短文，写一篇30词左右的摘要
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Ⅱ.根据所读短文，选择正确答案
1．What dose the word “monkey­pox” mean?
A．a container to keep monkeys.
B．a medicine for a monkey disease
C．an infectious disease
D．a popular foreign pet
2.What does the phrase “the wake­up call” most probably means?
A．a new disease B．a clear warning
C．a dangerous animal D．a morning call
3．What does the word “bug” mean?
A．an infectious disease
B．a virus
C．a pet
D．a disease in African forest
4．Why did Isaksen advise people not to have foreign pets?
A．They attack human beings.
B．We need to study native animals.
C．They can't live out of the rain forest.
D．We don't know much about them.
5．The text suggests that in the future we ________.
A．may have to fight against more new diseases
B．may easily get infected with diseases from dogs
C．should not be allowed to have pets
D．should stop buying pets from Africa
参考答案
Ⅰ【部分】
The text tells us that keeping pets from foreign forest without necessary knowledge of the animals may be dangerous because they may bring some unknown infectious disease to harm our health.(31 words)
Ⅱ【部分】
1．解析：词义猜测题。

从 a disease usually found in the African rain forest得知答案。

答案：C
2．解析：词义猜测题。

从下文得知，受到感染的动物会将疾病传给它们的主人，导致疾病在人群中蔓延，所以monkey­pox对于人们起到警示作用。

答案：B
3．解析：词义猜测题。

下文说到“bug”会发展为有害的东西，推知应是“病毒”之意。

答案：B
4．解析：细节理解题。

从I don't think it's fair to have them as pets when we have
such a limited knowledge of them得知答案。

答案：D
5．解析：推理判断题。

根据最后一段可知：人类将来会面临更多疾病的挑战。

答案：A
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【阅读文章简答题】(六)
Fast food and too much TV time should not take all the blame for the weight problems.A group of researchers say that a number of aspects of modern living from lack of sleep to environmental chemicals and to living with air conditioning—may be closely related to the weight problems of many people.
Lack of sleep is one of the factors.Research in animals and humans suggest that a lack of sleep over a long time can increase appetite.Studies also show that many adults and children are sleeping less than they used to.In recent decades，adults have gone from sleeping for all average of nine hours to about seven hours.
There is also evidence that industrial chemicals may increase body fat.These chemicals，which are used in products，change hormonal activity when they get into the body.Studies suggest that people have been getting more and more of these chemicals through the food chain in recent decades.
Another factor that may be making people overweight is air conditioning.The body burns calories when forced to eat less in hot and wet weather，but air conditioning makes it unnecessary for the body to make any adjustment.
Researchers also list other possible risk factors for overweight，including more older mothers，whose children may become overweight more easily；a number of medicines which can lead to weight gain；and fewer people who smoke，since people often gain weight when they stop smoking because nicotine can make people eat less.
No one is suggesting that people should stop working and sleep more，or keep smoking.When it comes to any person's weight，what really matters is how much they eat and how much of the food they use every day.That means diet and exercise are still the key.
1．Why does lack of sleep result in the weight problems？(No more than 5 words) ________________________________________________________________________
2．How long do adults averagely sleep nowadays？(No more than 2 words)
________________________________________________________________________
3．How do the industrial chemicals affecting our weight come into our body？(No more than 4 words)
________________________________________________________________________
4．What's the main idea of this passage？(No more than 18 words)
________________________________________________________________________
参考答案(六)
1．Because it can increase appetite.
2．7 hours.
3．Through the food chain.
4．A number of aspects of modern living may be closely related to the weight problems of many people.
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三、任务型阅读题的解题策略
1.注意词形转换、反义词、同义词、主动语态改为被动语态等
○1Don’t forget there may also be some other problems.
= Do _________ there may also be some other problems.
○2.Sometimes they make mistakes when they are speaking because they are shy and nervous.
= Shyness and ___________ make it easy to make mistakes.
○328 of the 33 gold medalists wore the body covering Rastskin suit.
=Rastskin suit was __________ by 28 of the 33 gold medal winners at the Sydney Olympics.
○4
To achieve success, you need to have a clear aim and strong determin ation.
=If you are to _________, you should be determined.
○5 Don’t speak in an angry way.
=Don’t speak ___________
○6After-school programming is an effective method to help young people become contributing members of society.
= After-school programming is an effective method to help young people make ____________to society.
○7The wall of water, a kilometer high, rushes towards southern Africa at 800 kilometers an hour. Cities on the African coast are totally destroyed and millions of people are drowned.
A tsunami(海啸) hits southern Africa, ______ cities on the African coast, and_________ millions of people.
○8 Be responsible for your own learning
=Take ____________for your own learning
○9Skin color is also affected by another source vitamin D.
=Vitamin D is another source___________ skin color.
10 We should consider what the other person needs and expects.
○
=Needs and ___________ of others should be taken into ______________.
任务型阅读题的解题策略【参考答案】
1. ○1 remember ○2 nervousness /tension ○3 worn
○4succeed ○5 angrily
○6contributions ○7 destroying; drowning
○8、 responsibility ○9 affecting
○10 expectations; consideration/ account
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Some people believe that greed and selfishness has become the basis of modern society, and we should return to the old traditions of family and community then we will have a better life. To what extent do you agree or disagree with the above opinion?
In this fast-paced world, many values are undergoing major changes. While people
traditionally prioritize caring, sharing and generosity in life and work, modern people seem to be more self-absorbed and self-concerned.
Modern people act selfishly to survive the harsh competition of life. They say that it is a jungle out there. To survive, you have to fight with whatever means that come handy. Obviously greedy and selfishness go perfectly well with such ideas. In a company, employees do everything they can to get better pay and higher position, even at the cost of colleagues. We are in any way advocating any selfish conduct. It is just that people are pressured to act in a certain way due to outside influences.
In spite of common practice, it is hard to conclude that modern society is built on greed and selfishness, both of which are not newly invented vocabulary. In ancient times people also did greedy and selfish things though such behaviors were more condemned then. But we can not ignore the fact that people in the past lived a relatively more isolated life and faced less pressure compared with their modern counterparts.
Are we happier to share with others and be generous to them? There is no fixed answer either. Some people take great pleasure helping and giving to others while others feel happy doing the opposite. But I personally think that people should not be too selfish. Caring for others can actually encourage the development of a mutually beneficial relationship.
In conclusion, modern people appear to be more self-centered than those in the past due to strong outside pressure. However, we should encourage people to know the importance of being caring and generous and to build a mutually beneficial relationship with others.
Are Modern People Becoming More Selfish?
话题现代人更加自私贪婪
入选理由话题不生僻，与生活贴近
参考答
1. Values
2.place
3.concerned
4.Behaviours
5.goals
6. Reasons
7. competition
8.pressure
9. attitudes 10.benefit
1 第二段第一行
2 第二段第二行prioritize 优先考虑
3 第二段最后一行 self—concerned
4 第三段第一行
5 实现目标，固定搭配
6 原因
7 第三段第一行
8 最后一段第一行
9 attitudes towards 朝。

的5态度
10 最后一段最后一行 beneficial
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