八年级英语下册阅读理解知识点总结及经典习题(含答案)1

八年级英语下册阅读理解知识点总结及经典习题(含答案)1
一、八年级英语下册阅读理解专项练习（含答案解析）
1．阅读理解
My work allows me to live in different countries. Reading books helps me to connect（联系）with my friends and family, and my home country, the UK. Here are just some books that I read a lot.
Daddy Long Legs
This book follows the story of a young girl Judy, as she goes to university and gets lots of new experiences. This book always reminds me of my mother because she used to read it to me when I was ill in bed.
The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy
This is a science fiction book about a man's adventures（冒险经历）in space. It is really creative and has a very British sense of humor（幽默感）. For this reason, it might be a bit difficult for foreigners to understand, but when I read it, I feel a strong connection to my home. When I worked in Japan and the USA, the book was by my side.
Harry Potter
I'm sure many of you know Harry Potter books! I have read them many times since primary school. I really get lost in the stories. These days I' m reading them again in Germany.
The Railway Children.
This was one of my favorite books. It was a gift for my 13th birthday from my best friend, so it still strongly reminds me of my childhood（童年）. It follows three children and their adventures next to a railway（铁路）.
（1）Where is the writer from?
A. Germany.
B. Japan.
C. The UK.
D. The USA
（2）What does the writer think of The Hitchhikers Guide to the Galaxy?
A. Simple and fun.
B. Fun and creative.
C. Difficult to understand.
D. Important to British people.
（3）Which of the following is the writer reading these days?
A. Harry Potter.
B. Daddy Long Legs.
C. The Railway Children.
D. The Hitchhikers Guide to the galaxy.
（4）The Railway Children reminds the writer of his childhood because_______________.
A. he often read it when he was 13 years old
B. his best friend gave it to him as a birthday gift
C. he spent most of his childhood next to a railway
D. his mother used to read it to him when he was ill
【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）A
（4）D
【解析】【分析】这篇文章以表格的形式，向我们介绍了作者经常读《Daddy Long Legs》等三本书的原因。

（1）细节题。

根据Reading books helps me to connect with my family and home country，the UK.可知阅读书籍有助于我与家人和祖国英国建立联系。

故选C。

（2）细节题。

根据It is really creative and has a very British sense of humor.可知作者认为这本书富于创造性并且具有英式幽默。

故选B。

（3）细节题。

根据原文《Harry potter》那个表格里提到These days I'm reading thenm again in Germany.可知这些天我又在德国读了一遍。

故选A。

（4）细节题。

根据当作者生病的时候，作者的妈妈经常唱歌给他听，原文在《Daddy Long Legs》那个表格里，提到···she used to read it to me when I was ill.所以这里应该是给作者读书里的故事，而不是唱歌；铁路上的孩子们使作家想起了他的童年，因为他生病时，母亲常给他读这本书。

故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

2．阅读理解
We know what it is like trying to find out about junior sports and hobbies for boys and girls in your local （当地的）area from 6-17 years of age.
We've had first experience of junior sports ourselves across a wide kind of activities. So we've set up Hobbies for Kids to help you find your way through the sporting in your place.
Whether you want to take up a sport or hobby just for interest or to compete at a high standard （水平）, there are usually major decisions that you need to take if you are new to a sport or new to a local area.
Hobbies for Kids will help you with ideas about choosing the right organizations or clubs for juniors, where to find top quality tuition tailored （学费定制）to the needs of juniors, buying the correct equipment and clothing at each stage of the junior development.
Hobbies for Kids covers Junior Football, Junior Golf, Junior Cricket and Junior Swimming. Other sports and hobbies will be added soon as the site expands with your own input and requests, so keep checking back!
We hope you find Hobbies for Kids useful and informative.
（1）Hobbies for Kids is .
A. a TV program about sports and hobbies.
B. a course especially designed for parents.
C. a magazine on hobbies for kids.
D. a guide to kids, sports and hobbies.
（2）Who would be interested in Hobbies for Kids ?
A. Teachers.
B. Parents.
C. Teenagers.
D. Athletes.（3）With the help of Hobbies for Kids , you will .
A. compete at a high standard
B. develop a new hobby quickly
C. know how to pick a right club
D. know the needs of juniors
（4）If you want to get information on junior basketball, you should .
A. input your requests and check back
B. click the site now and then
C. give some advice to the site
D. scan other information first
（5）Where does the passage probably come from?
A. A textbook.
B. The Internet.
C. A magazine.
D. An advertisement.
【答案】（1）D
（2）C
（3）C
（4）A
（5）B
【解析】【分析】文章大意：这是一则关于6-17岁学生制定的体育兴趣俱乐部的广告。

（1）主旨大意题。

根据Hobbies for Kids will help you with ideas about choosing the right organizations or clubs for juniors, where to find top quality tuition tailored （学费定制）to the needs of juniors, buying the correct equipment and clothing at each stage of the junior development.可知Hobbies for kids是一个为青少年选择爱好或者体青运动的一个引领组织，故选D。

（2）细节理解题。

根据We know what it is like trying to find out about junior sports and hobbies for boys and girls in your local （当地的）area from 6-17 years of age.可知对于Hobbles for kids感兴趣的是青少年，故选C。

（3）细节理解题。

Hobbies for Kids will help you with ideas about choosing the right organizations or clubs for juniors, 可知 Hobbies for kids 可以帮着孩子们选择合适的俱乐部。

故选C。

（4）细节理解题。

根据 Hobbies for Kids covers Junior Football, Junior Golf, Junior Cricket and Junior Swimming. Other sports and hobbies will be added soon as the site expands with your own input and requests, so keep checking back!可知其他的运动和爱好会很快加入网站扩展，根据您自己输入的信息和要求,所以请继续跟进！故选A。

（5）细节理解题。

根据文中的语句Other sports and hobbies will be added soon as the site expands with your own input and requests, so keep checking back!理解可知，这篇文章应该来自网络，故选B。

【点评】考阅读理解。

本题主要涉及细节理解题和主旨大意题。

细节理解题可以直接从文中找到答案，而主旨大意题需要认真阅读仔细理解，归纳出中心思想。

3．阅读下面短文，根据短文内容判断所给句子对错。

Johnny is a lovely fish. He lives in the sea. He is very lonely. He wants to find a friend. And the
friend looks like him. Johnny sees an ink fish. The ink fish has eight legs. He doesn't look like Johnny. So Johnny goes away.
Johnny meets a shark. He wants to say hello to the shark. But the shark opens his big mouth and wants to cat him. Johnny runs away quickly.
Johnny is tired and hungry. He wants to have a rest. Then he sees a round fish. She says to him." Hello! Would you like to be my friend?"
Johnny answers," Of course! But you are round, I am fat. You don't look like me." The round fish says," But we are both fishes."
Johnny thinks and says," You are right. Let's be friends." They become good friends.
（1）Johnny wants to have a friend because he feels lonely.
（2）The ink fish doesn't like Johnny. So Johnny goes away.
（3）Johnny meets four fishes in the passage.
（4）It's clear that the round fish doesn't look like Johnny.
（5）The round fish became Johnny's friend at last.
【答案】（1）1
（2）0
（3）0
（4）1
（5）1
【解析】【分析】文章大意：Johnny找朋友，最后与圆鱼成了好朋友。

（1）根据文中的语句He is very lonely. He wants to find a friend. 可知，Johnny感到孤独，所以想结交朋友，故选正确。

（2）根据文中的语句The ink fish has eight legs. He doesn't look like Johnny. So Johnny goes away.理解可知，墨鱼有八条腿，与Johnny的长相不一样，Johnny就走开了，故选错误，（3）通读全文可知，Johnny 遇到了墨鱼，鲨鱼和圆鱼共三种鱼，故选错误。

（4）根据文中的语句Johnny answers," Of course! But you are round, I am fat. You don't look like me."可知，圆鱼与Johnny长得不一样，故选正确。

（5）根据文中的语句Johnny thinks and says," You are right. Let's be friends." They become good friends.理解可知，圆鱼与Johnny成为了好朋友，故选正确。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

本文主要考查细节理解题，首先仔细阅读文后的问题，弄清问题的大意；然后带着问题阅读短文，抓住关键信息，选择正确答案。

4．阅读短文，选出最佳选项。

Everyone gets angry. Many things may make you angry. Maybe your teacher gave you too much homework. Or maybe a friend borrowed your favorite video game and then broke it. You may get angry when something doesn't go your way. Maybe you get mad at yourself when your team loses an important game. Or maybe you become a road rager（路怒族）when a driver accidentally cuts in front of you. That makes you angry!
You need to know what to do with your anger. Here are some things you can do when you feel angry：
◆Talk to a friend you can trust.
◆Count to 10.
◆Get or give hug.
◆Take some exercise.
◆Draw a picture of your anger.
◆Play video game.
◆Run around the outside of the house five times as fast as you can.
◆Sing along with the CD player.
◆Pull weeds in the garden.
◆Think good thoughts （maybe about a fun vacation or your favorite sport）.
◆Take a bike ride, go skating, play basketball -do something active!
Never getting angry is impossible. But when you're angry, you can do something and it can make things better or worse. Don't let anger be the boss of you. Take charge of it!
（1）In the passage, the writer gives us pieces of advice.
A. ten
B. eleven
C. twelve
D. thirteen
（2）The underlined part "when something doesn't go your way" means .
A. when you get lost.
B. when you are on a wrong way.
C. when you meet with something difficult.
D. when things don't go as you imagine.
（3）It you run around the outside of your house five times, and your house is a circle of 260 meters, you will run .
A. 1, 300 meters
B. 1 ,300 kilometers
C. 1, 360 meters
D. 1, 360 kilometers （4）As for dealing with anger, which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage? A. Talk to a friend you believe. B. Get a hug.
C. Pull weeds in the garden.
D. Have a fight with a friend.
（5）The passage is mainly about .
A. how to deal with your anger.
B. letting anger be the boss of you.
C. drinking more water when you're anger.
D. doing something active when you are angry.
【答案】（1）B
（2）D
（3）A
（4）D
（5）A
【解析】【分析】文章大意：每个人都会生气。

很多事情都会让你生气。

我们可以采取一些措施来让自己避免生气。

（1）理解归纳题。

通读全文可知，作者一共提供了11条建议，故选B。

（2）句意理解题。

根据文中的语句You may get angry when something doesn't go your way. 理解可知，当事情没有按照你的预算发展的时候，你会生气的。

故选D。

（3）理解计算题。

根据题干提示可知，如果你在屋外跑了五圈，而房子是一个260米的圆圈，你就会跑5*260=1300meters，故选A。

（4）细节理解题。

根据文中第二段的内容可知，与朋友打一架没有涉及到，故选D。

（5）理解归纳题。

通读全文可知，此文主要介绍了怎样处理愤怒，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

本文考查细节题，词义推断题，推理判断题和主旨题等常考题型，细节题要注意从文中抓住关键词寻找答案；主旨题，词义推断题以及判断题都需要通
读全文，了解大意之后找出正确选项。

5．阅读理解
In the universe, as we know, there is the sun, the moon, the earth and a good many stars. Through our geography lessons, we know the earth goes round the sun, and the moon goes round the earth. We have day and night because the earth keeps turning all the time. When our part of the earth turns to the sun, it is day. When our part of the earth turns away from the sun, it
is night.
Just because the moon is closer to the earth than the sun, it looks much bigger than the sun. Big things will look smaller when they are farther, and small things also look bigger when they are nearer.
The sun is bright enough to give out very strong light. The moon can't give any light at all, but it looks quite bright, too. Why? In fact, the light from the moon comes from the sun. The moon looks much bigger and brighter than the stars. But actually（事实上）the stars are much bigger and brighter than the moon. They look smaller than the moon also because they are farther away from the earth.
There are still many other planets in the universe.
But of all these planets, only on the earth there are living things and people can only live on the earth, too. But at 9：00 am on October 15th, 2003, Chinese pilot Yang Liwei was sent up to space. He stayed there for 21 hours. It was the first time for Chinese to get into space.
（1）When our part of the earth turns away from the sun, the other part of the earth is .
A. night
B. day
C. evening
D. Sunday
（2）When did the pilot from our country return to the earth?
A. On November 15th, 2002.
B. On October 16th, 2003.
C. On May 15th, 2004.
D. On October 15th, 2003.
（3）Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. The moon goes round the earth, and it can't give out any light at all.
B. The moon goes round the sun, and its light is from the sun.
C. The earth moves round the moon, and people can live only on the earth.
D. Of all the planets, only the earth moves round the sun.
【答案】（1）B
（2）B
（3）A
【解析】【分析】短文大意：此篇文章介绍的是太空中，宇宙意味着地球，太阳，月亮和
星星及其它们之间的空间。

以及之间的关联。

（1）细节理解题。

根据When our part of the earth turns to the sun, it is day. When our part
of the earth turns away from the sun, it is night. 当地球上我们的部分转向太阳时，是白天。

当地球上我们的部分转离太阳时，是晚上，可知地球的另一面是白天。

故选B。

（2）细节理解题。

根据 But at 9：00 am on October 15th, 2003, Chinese pilot Yang Liwei was sent up to space. He stayed there for 21 hours. 但是在003年10月15日上午九点钟，中国飞行员杨利伟被发射到太空。

在那里呆了21个小时。

可知他是2003年10月16日离开的。

故选B。

（3）推理判断题。

根据Through our geography lessons, we know the earth goes round the sun, and the moon goes round the earth. The moon can't give any light at all, but it looks quite bright, too. 可知月亮绕着地球转。

月亮本身不发光。

故选A。

【点评】此题考查阅读理解。

此题涉及细节理解和推理判断题。

对于细节理解题。

我们先分析问题，弄清题意。

然后仔细阅读短文，从短文的细节中找到和问题相关的语句，确定问题答案。

对于推理判断题，我们在理解问题后仔细阅读短文，从短文的细节中推理判断问题的正误。

6．阅读理解
①Would you like to have a brother or a sister? Years ago this might have sounded impossible to many. But since several years ago, with the end of China's "one-child policy（政策）", this could actually happen now. All Chinese couples are allowed to have two children. It means that many Chinese children may have siblings（兄弟姐妹） in the future.
②What would it be like growing up with a brother or a sister? Having a sibling can stop children from bad feelings, according to Laura Padilla-Walker, a teacher from Brigham Young University, US. "Siblings give children something that parents can't," she said. You may not feel lonely at home any more because there is someone to play with you. You can also share secrets with him or her.
③"But children with siblings also have to learn to control（控制）their feelings," said Padilla-Walker. You need to share things with them, such as attention from parents, toys, the bathroom and the TV. There are also unpleasant situations such as competition, name-calling and even hair-pulling.
④Even the birth order o f siblings could matter too. US psychologist Kevin Leman said that birth order decides the way parents treat their children, thus causing different personalities between siblings.
⑤Kevin Leman explained that parents are usually more strict with their f irst child. So firstborns may be perfect because parents set high goals（目标） for them. They usually act well and hope to succeed. When the couple has a second child, they have fewer rules. So late-born children are usually more creative. They also love attention. It is said that many of them also have a good sense of humor.
（1）The underlined word "this" in Paragraph 1 refers to（指） ______.
A. one-child policy
B. having a brother or a sister
C. the end of "one-child policy"
D. being allowed to have more than two children （2）In Paragraph 2, the writer mainly tells us ______.
A. the advantages of having a sibling
B. how to look after a sibling
C. how to get on well with a sibling
D. the secrets of having a sibling
（3）According to Kevin Leman, ______.
A. late-born children are usually successful at school
B. having a sibling can stop children from bad feelings
C. parents are usually more strict with their first-born child
D. children with siblings have to learn to control their feelings
（4）Which of the following best shows the structure（结构） of the passage?
A. B.
C. D.
【答案】（1）B
（2）A
（3）C
（4）D
【解析】【分析】文章大意：中国开放二胎，家里有2个小孩，会使得孩子不感到孤独，父母对待孩子的方式不一样，第一胎较为严格。

（1）推断题。

根据文章提到的Would you like to have a brother or a sister可知，this指代了上文提到的have a brother or a sister，故选B。

（2）主旨题。

根据文章介绍了二孩的好处，不会让孩子感到孤独，可知第二段介绍了the advantages of having a sibling，故选A。

（3）细节题。

根据文章提到的Kevin Leman explained that parents are usually more strict with their first child可知，父母对第一胎要求严格，故选C。

（4）细节题。

根据文章一开始说了二胎政策，然后说了二胎的好处与坏处，可知文章的结构是总分，第二段和第三段讲述了有兄弟姐妹的情景，第四五段讲述了有兄弟姐妹可能会导致的问题，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

7．阅读理解
Little girl Amelia Hallows lives in the UK and she is only five years old .She likes school and…"helping" her teachers.
Amelia started reading when she was three. Different from other children of her age，she is crazy about reading and likes copying things from books and magazines. What's more，she has another special hobby—correcting others' spelling mistakes .Even though the others are her teachers, she is still open with them.
One day, Amelia was doing her homework. It was a matching exercise. Suddenly she found the word "deer" was misspelled "dear". She circled the mistake and wrote "It is spelled deer"， on her paper. Then she showed the homework to her mom.
Her mother said，"She just looked really proud of herself and she said, 'It is wrong and I will tell my teacher.'" Amelia's mom is proud of her daughter, too. She said, "She's really interested in words and reading. She always gets a book in her hand."
（1）Amelia began to read at the age of________.
A. 5
B. 4
C. 3
D. 6
（2）Amelia is different from other children because she________.
A. is crazy about dancing
B. is crazy about coping from TV
C. is good at teaching her friends
D. likes correcting others' spelling mistakes
（3）Amelia's mother is proud of her daughter because her daughter________.
A. can't find the teacher's mistakes
B. enjoys reading books all the time
C. can help others with grammar
D. shows her homework to her teachers
（4）Which of the following is TRUE?
A. Amelia doesn't like her school.
B. Amelia can help her teachers.
C. Amelia isn't interested in reading books.
D. Amelia doesn't show interest in copying things from magazines.
【答案】（1）C
（2）D
（3）B
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文讲述了一个爱读书的女孩Amelia。

（1）细节题。

根据 Amelia started reading when she was three ，可知Amelia三岁时开始读书，故选C。

（2）细节题。

根据 she has another special hobby—correcting others' spelling mistakes ，可知她喜欢纠正别人的拼写错误，故选D。

（3）细节题。

根据Amelia's mom is proud of her daughter, too. She said, "She's really interested in words and reading ，可知可知Amelia的妈妈很骄傲因为她总是喜欢读书，故选B。

（4）推理题。

根据 Even though the others are her teachers, she is still open with them. 可知Amelia能帮助她的老师是对的，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

本文涉及细节题、推断题2种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。

8．阅读理解
It is over a year now since Cathy came to China. She is now living in Nanjing and has worked in a computer factory for six months. The factory is in the north of the city, and her flat is in the south. But, she has never been late for work.
Cathy is very popular in the factory. She is kind to everybody and gets on well with the Chinese workers. After work, in the evenings they visit each other and talk about almost everything.
However, Cathy has made up her mind to leave the factory. She is going to find a job in a travel agency（旅行社）. “If I work in a travel agency, I'll be able to meet more people. I can learn more about China，” she told her friends.
One day last week she had a talk with the manager of the travel agency .He seemed pleased with her Chinese. At the end of the talk, he said, “I'll give you a ring in a week and tell you the result.” Now Cathy is waiting for the answer.
（1）Cathy has been in China for________．
A. more than a year
B. half a year
C. two and a half years
D. two years （2）She is ________for work.
A. always late
B. always on time
C. never on time
D. often late （3）Almost ________in the factory knows Cathy.
A. nobody
B. somebody
C. everybody
D. none
（4）Cathy's ________must be quite good.
A. Chinese
B. maths
C. Japanese
D. physics
【答案】（1）A
（2）B
（3）C
（4）A
【解析】【分析】文章大意：凯茜来中国已经一年多了。

她现在住在南京，在一家计算机厂工作了六个月。

工厂在城市的北部，她的公寓在南部。

但她上班从不迟到。

下班后，晚上他们互相拜访，谈论几乎所有的事情。

然而，凯西已经决定离开工厂。

她将在一家旅行社（旅行社）找到一份工作。

“如果我在旅行社工作，我就能结识更多的人。

”现在凯西正在等待答案。

（1）细节理解题。

根据It is over a year now since Cathy came to China.可知凯茜来中国已经一年多了。

over=morethan，超过，故选A。

（2）细节理解题。

根据she has never been late for work.可知他上班从未迟过到，也就是准时上班，故选B。

（3）细节理解题。

Cathy is very popular in the factory. She is kind to everybody and gets on well with the Chinese workers.可知几乎每个人都认识她，故选C。

（4）推理判断题。

最后一段中谈到He seemed pleased with her Chinese,故推知凯茜的汉语
相当好。

故选A。

【点评】本文涉及细节题、推断题和两种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。

9．阅读理解
Have you ever seen the film Nuan? Have you ever seen the TV play To Be a Better Man? Do you know the beautiful girl in the picture? She is still a student in Beijing Film Academy. But she is already famous in China because she has been in many films and TV plays in the past few years. Her name is Guan Xiaotong.
Guan was born on September 1997 inBeijing. She has had a talent for acting ever since she was a kid. She was first in the movie Nuan in the year 2001. She was Ya in the movie. She became famous because of the character
Xiaoqingcheng in the movie The Promise （无极）directed by Chen Kaige. She was Jiang Lingling in the movie Electric Shadows （电影往事） in 2005. At the age of 17, Guan Xiaotong played in the movie The Left Ear directed by Su Youpeng. She was Jiang Jiao in the movie. In 2014, she acted in the TV play A Servant of Two Masters. She was Yang Shumiao.
Although Guan was in many movies and TV plays, she didn't fall behind in study. Although she is an acting star, she gets on well with her classmates. After the national examination, she became a new student in Beijing Film Academy.
（1）Guan Xiaotong is .
A. a movie director
B. a university teacher
C. a middle school student
D. an actress and university student
（2）Guan was in a movie for the first time in .
A. 1997
B. 2001
C. 2004
D. 2005
（3）Guan was in the movie The Left Ear.
A. Ya
B. Xiaoqingcheng
C. Jiang Jiao
D. Jiang Lingling
（4）Guan acted Yang Shumiao in .
A. A Servant of Two Masters
B. Nuan
C. Electric Shadows
D. The Promise （5）What does the underlined phrase "fall behind" mean in Chinese?
A. 超越
B. 消沉
C. 落后
D. 鼓舞
【答案】（1）D
（2）B
（3）C
（4）A
（5）C
【解析】【分析】文章大意：主要介绍演员关晓彤的相关事情。

（1）细节题。

根据She is still a student in Beijing Film Academy.和Although she is an acting star可知，关晓彤是一名演员，也是一名大学生，故选D。

（2）细节题。

根据She was first in the movie Nuan in the year 2001.可知，她第一次出演电影是2001年，故选B。

（3）细节题。

根据 Guan Xiaotong played in the movie The Left Ear directed by Su Youpeng. She was Jiang Jiao in the movie.可知，关晓彤在左耳出演的角色是Jiang Jiao，故选C。

（4）细节题。

根据In 2014, she acted in the TV play A Servant of Two Masters. She was Yang Shumiao.可知，关晓彤在一仆二主中饰演Yang Shumiao，故选A。

（5）推断题。

根据she didn't fall behind in study.可知，她没有落下学习，所以推断意思是落后，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

本文涉及细节题和推断题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。

10．阅读理解
Disney's princess stories are famous around the world. You must know some of them, such as Snow White, Cinderella and Sleeping Beauty.
All princesses are very beautiful. Princes fall in love with them at first sight. In the end, the princess and prince have a happy life together.
However, princesses often cannot protect themselves. They need help from others. This is the old image of Disney's princesses.
A few weeks ago, Disney made 10 new rules. To be a princess, you must follow these rules. Surprisingly, no rule talks about having a "pretty face". Instead the rules are about good characteristics like honesty, loyalty and never giving up.
Princesses need to grow up. When they meet problems, they need to protect themselves. They need to find ways to get away from dangerous people.
For example, Elsa and Anna fight against the bad prince in Frozen. They need to believe in themselves and their friends. Mulan shows her courage to fight in the army. "Beauty" cannot help them. But a strong heart can. In the real world, these are the rules you need to follow.
In 2014, Buzzfeed, a US news website, did a survey called "which Disney princess do you like most?". As it turned out, the most popular one was Belle ！More than 18 per cent of people chose her. Belie is in the movie Beauty and the Beast. She is very kind and gentle. She takes care of the Beast and uses her clever mind to get out of trouble.
（1）What is the traditional image of a princess in stories?
A. Pretty but not strong.
B. Kind and strong.
C. Beautiful but unkind.
D. Nice but unhappy.
（2）Which one is NOT in Disney's new rules for a princess?
A. A pretty face.
B. Honesty.
C. Loyalty.
D. Never giving up.
（3）Which of the following characters is a new kind of princess?
A. Snow White.
B. Cinderella.
C. Sleeping Beauty.
D. Elsa.（4）To follow the new rules, a princess .
a. can protect herself
b. can run away from dangerous people
c. can fight against bad people
d. should wait for a prince when in danger
e. must have beauty as well as a strong heart
A. abc
B. abe
C. bde
D. cde
【答案】（1）A
（2）A
（3）D
（4）A
【解析】
【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍迪士尼的公主，传统的公主都很美丽，但她们需要别人帮助来保护自己。

几周前，迪士尼制定新的规则，遵循新规则一个公主能够保护自己、能够远离危险的人、能够与和坏人做斗争。

（1）推理判断题。

根据第二段All princesses are very beautiful. 和第三段However, princesses often cannot protect themselves.可推断出迪士尼传统的公主形象是漂亮但不强壮，故选A。

（2）细节理解题。

根据第四段中Surprisingly, no rule talks about having a "pretty face".可知没有哪条规则说拥有一张“漂亮的脸”，故选A。

（3）细节理解题。

根据第一段Disney's princess stories are famous around the world. You must know some of them, such as Snow White, Cinderella and Sleeping Beauty.可知Elsa是一个新型公主。

故选D。

（4）细节理解题。

根据第四段Surprisingly, no rule talks about having a "pretty face".和第五段Princesses need to grow up. When they meet problems, they need to protect themselves. They need to find ways to get away from dangerous people.可知遵守这些新规则，一个公主能够保护自己、能够远离危险的人、能够与和坏人做斗争，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

本文涉及细节题、推断题常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。

11．阅读理解
Some famous big cities got interesting nicknames（昵称）for some reasons. Here are three of them.
New York：The Big Apple
New York got the nickname because it is a city full of chances. It is said New York's musicians began to use it in the 1920s. There is an old saying in show business，"There are many apples on the tree，but only one big apple. When you chose New York，you picked the big on e. ”
Paris：The City of Light
Paris has the name because there are so many lights in streets at night. However, there was a time when Paris had almost no lights. In 1828，Pairs began to build a network of street lights. It was the first city in Europe to do so，and it has the nickname "The City of Light".
London: The Big Smoke
London got its nickname because of the serious air problem during the late 19th century. But now, smoke in London is not that common. In 1956, the government made laws to clear the fog（雾）in the city. Now，it's easy for people to enjoy a sunny sky beside the beautiful Thames River.
（1）The Big Apple is the nickname of .
A. London
B. New York
C. Paris
D. Sydney
（2）Paris began to build a network of street lights in .
A. 1828
B. 1883
C. 1920
D. 1956
（3）London is called "The Big Smoke" mainly because of .
A. bright lights
B. clean rivers
C. air problem
D. water problem
【答案】（1）B
（2）A
（3）C
【解析】【分析】短文大意；列举了3个城市的别名，纽约被称为大苹果，巴黎被称为城市之光，由于晚上有很多灯光，伦敦被称为大烟囱，因为它的空气污染问题。

（1）细节题。

根据文章提到的New York：The Big Apple，可知大苹果是纽约的代名词，故选B。

（2）细节题。

根据文章提到的In 1828，Pairs began to build a network of street lights 可知，时间是1828年，故选A。

（3）细节题。

根据文章提到的London got its nickname because of the serious air problem during the late 19th century可知，由于空气问题，使得伦敦叫做大烟囱，故选
【点评】考查细节题，做此类题首先熟悉文章大意，熟悉问题，带着问题到文章找出答案，即可。

12．阅读理解
Travel to Italy
Cities Milan Venice
Population in
2010
1，307，900270，500
Area Larger than Florence's7. 6 square kilometers
Typical feature （特征）The second largest city in
Italy
A water city
Climate Wet Warm winter and hot
summer
Cities Florence Rome
Population
in 2010
369 thousand 2. 74 million
Area104 square kilometers Over 1，507 square
kilometers （City area）
Typical feature （特征）The birthplace of
the Renaissance
（文艺复兴发源地）
The capital city
Climate Pleasant climate Warm and wet in winter while hot and dry in
summer
A. two
B. three
C. four
（2）Milan has a ________ climate according to the form.
A. wet
B. hot
C. dry
（3）According to the form, ________ is the smallest in area.
A. Rome
B. Venice
C. Milan
（4）Florence is well known as ________.
A. the largest city in Italy
B. the water city
C. the birthplace of the Renaissance
（5）Which of the following is TRUE according to the form?
A. In 2010, the population of Florence was larger than that of Milan.
B. The population of Rome was 2，740，000 in 2010.
C. The capital city has an area of less than 1，507 square kilometers.
【答案】（1）C
（2）A
（3）B。