新课标名师导学高考英语译林版第一轮总复习讲义语法十一定语从句

十一、定语从句
对应学生用书p187
在空白处填入1个适当的单词。

1．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Now Irene Astbury works from 9 a．m. to 5 p．m. daily at the pet shop in
Macclesfield, ____________ she opened with her late husband Les.
2．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)They were well trained by their masters ____________ had great experience with caring for these animals.
3．(2019·浙江卷)On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth ____________ gives off light in the dark.
4．(2019·北京卷)The students benefitting most from college are those ____________ are
totally engaged(参与) in academic life, taking full advantage of the college’s chances and resources(资源)．
5．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014
____________ showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes.
6．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the
government started a soil-testing program ____________ gives specific fertilizer remendations to farmers—and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by million tons.
[答案与解析]
1．which。

考查非限制性定语从句。

分析句子结构可知，先行词为the pet shop，在非限制性定语从句中作opened一词的宾语，故用which。

2．who。

考查定语从句。

句意：它们被他们的主人训练地很好，它们的主人在照顾这些动物方面很有经验。

先行词为masters(主人)，且从句缺主语。

故填关系词who。

3．that/which。

考查定语从句。

分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词为a piece of cloth，且定语从句缺少主语，故填关系代词that/which。

4．who/that。

考查定语从句。

从大学受益最多的学生是那些完全投入到学术生活中并充分利用大学的机会和资源的学生。

根据句意以及句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，其先行词指人，空处在从句中做主语，故填who/that。

5．that/which。

分析句子结构可知，此处引导定语从句，先行词为a study，且定语从句
缺少主语，故填关系代词that/which。

6．that/which。

分析句子结构可知，此处引导定语从句。

a soil-testing program是先行词，指物，且定语从句缺少主语，故填关系代词，that/which。

对应学生用书p187
(一)概述
定语从句，在句中用来修饰名词或代词(有时可以是句子)。

这个从句所修饰的词叫先行词，从句由一个连接词连接，这个连接词叫作关系词(即关系代词或关系副词)。

关系代词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语。

关系副词在句中充当状语，表示时间、地点、原因和方式。

定语从句有限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两种。

(四)介词＋关系代词(prep.＋which / whom)。