牛津上海版中考英语专题复习-16 首字母填空-动词

学科教师辅导讲义
学员编号：年级：课时数：3
学员姓名：辅导科目：英语学科教师：
课程主题：首字母填空-动词授课时间:
学习目标：
教学内容
一、动词解密
我们都知道，首字母填空第一步应该先判断词性，这个虽然在实际做题过程中，是一个一闪而过瞬间做出的判断，但是我们有必要把这个思考过程用慢镜头的形式放慢，我们一起来分析下，什么样的情况下，这个空格里填的词就应该是动词。

所以，我们把上海历年真题拿出来做一个汇总来看下，能否发现什么规律。

1、空格前有助动词出现，这也往往是某种时态或者是被动语态的信号。

如: has，had，was，did，does等
真题例句：
①、She was not a 2 to eat her favorite food by the doctor.
此句动词为被动语态形式，看by可知动作发出者不是主语she
②、However，modern technology has c 92 all that.
此句为完成时态，has作为助动词是现在完成时的标志词，动词应为完成形式。

2、空格前有情态动词时，如：can，must，will，should等，
真题例句：These places often have thin walls which can't s 95 the noise from next door.
Key: stand
3、空格前有动词连接的不定式结构时，如：used to _____。

Stop to ____
真题例句：
In fact，one million people in Britain would like to m ____93__because they don't get along well with their neighbors
Key: move
4、复合句的主句和从句的（初中主要是宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句）主语后面。

如：
真题例句：
①、This m__96_ that you will read faster and will become better at understanding what you read. As your reading improves.
Key: means
②、and try to forget that you d 101 this when you wake up the next morning
Key: did
5、and或or等并列连词连接的两个句子时，某一个句子缺乏谓语时。

如：
真题例句：Six weeks later，Christopher tried to phone Jeff and f 92 he had moved and left no link address.
Key: found
注意事项
1、根据短文或上下句提供的情景判断该动词的发出者是谁，如: 该动词所在句子的主语能否做出这
动作）;
2、动词的搭配(如: 动词与介词的搭配关系；后接的特殊名词宾语是什么。

如:后接人做宾语的动词:
dress/ seat/…、后跟的动词的形式是to do / doing 还是do / 等)；
3、动词的种类及其用法。

如：该动词是vt还是vi；是持续性动词还是瞬间动词；是否是系动词（特
殊用法：后可接adj作表语）、助动词（构成否定、疑问、do用来强调谓语动词等语法形式）等；
4、动词短语的搭配与用法；
5、该动词与上下句子说到的内容与形式的呼应关系等与生活常识有关的常识性问题;同近义动词的区
分等
二、解题技巧
首字母阅读高频词汇梳理——动词
A: allowed answer attract appeared
B: bring become
C: call catch come correct collect closed care completed cleaning changed confuses choose complain caused
D: disappeared deal/do decided discovered
E: enjoying encourages exchange end examined
F: finds follow failed followed flew finish falling feel
G: give
H: help hurried happened hide
I: is including invented improved
J: judge
K: known
L: leave locked love like learned look live/lead lie lose
M: means makes
N: named need
O: offered opened
P: Proved played protect planned pay
R: refused relax read received realize repair remember
S: spend stopped shout sleep seem showed Suppose spread sell suffered searched stepped saved(saving) swim smell stop smile
T: think try talks turning
U: used understand
When accidents become inventions
Have you ever noticed the little accidents in your life? Sometimes accidents are g 86 . They can even change your life - many useful things were invented by accident.
For example，at first，jeans were o 87 for workers. They were very s 88
and become weak easily. But other people found they could last for a long time without breaking or
getting weaker as well. Later on，jeans became popular all over the world.
When you see colorful fireworks，you probably don't think about the Chinese cook who invented them in old times by accident. He mixed together some common things from the kitchen. The m 89
burnt and made a beautiful tight.
The invention of the Band-Aid (创可贴) was also a surprise. About 90 years ago，Earle Dickson worked at Johnson & Johnson. His wife was always accidentally cutting her fingers in the kitchen，but she couldn't bandage (包扎) herself up. Dickson decided to make something to help his wife cover her cuts. So he used a piece of gauze (纱布) and put it on some tape (胶布). Later，his boss made this into a popular product: the Band-Aid.
Nowadays，microwave ovens are popular around the world. But in the b 90 ，people invented the microwave for the war. American Percy Spencer found that microwaves could cook. He saw a candy in his pocket getting soft when he worked b 91 the microwaves. Spencer then did many tests to p 92 that microwaves could cook food. In 1947，the first microwave oven in the world came into being.
86.g________ 87. o________ 88. s________ 89. m________ 90. b________
91.b________ 92. p________
86. gifts 87. only 88. strong 89. mixture 90. beginning 91. beside 92. Prove
The earth is our home；we must take care of it. This means we should keep the land，air and water clean.
To pollute m 86 to make things unfit (不合适的) and unclean to use. Pollution comes in many ways. We see it，smell it，taste it and drink it. Pollution is beginning to
threaten （威胁) our health ，or happiness and our life.
Man，has been polluting the earth from the time he first made fire，washed his clothes in the river and threw his waste on the g 87 . When land was used up or water became dirty，men moved to another place. At the beginning the problem was not so s 88 because there was plenty of clean air，land and water. There weren't so many people then and their needs were fewer. All the dirty things could be taken in by nature and soon covered over (恢复). But this is no longer true. The increase of population and the d 89 of modern industry have changed that. Man is slowly polluting his environment. By putting dirty water and chemicals into rivers and lakes，we have polluted our drinking water and k 90 the fish.
Our increasing population is part of the problem. More people，more waste.
Where is this all to e 91 ? Are we turning the world into a big rubbish dump，or is there any hope that we can get rid of the pollution? L 92 ，millions of people have been warned of the danger of pollution. Large numbers of people are now working hard to fight pollution.
91．o 92．o
C) 86．ones 87．outside 88．own 89．out 90．older 91．offer 92．or
Homesick is a compound (复合的) word made up of HOME and SICK. You know w 86
each word means on its own，of course. But do you know the meaning w 87 they are used together? The definition(定义) of homesick is SICK FOR HOME. It means you m 88 your home.
Now think for a minute about SEASICK. If you change the word HOME in the definition to the word SEA，would the definition fit SEASICK? Does seasick mean SICK FOR SEA? It means something quite d 89 . Seasick means SICK BY THE MOVEMENT ON THE SEA. When you are seasick，the o 90 place you want to be is at home. When you are seasick，the 1 91 place you want to be is at sea.
Have you ever known a person who is heartsick? Heartsick doesn't mean that something is wrong with a person's heart. People are heartsick when they are hurt d 92 inside as if their hearts are broken.
It must be helpful to know something like this in your English study.
86. w ______ 87. w ________ 88. m ________ 89. d ________ 90. o ________ 91.l________ 92. d_________
C)86. what 87. when 88. miss 89. different 90. only 91. last 92. deep
四、学法提炼
II．Choose the best answer (选择最恰当的答案) ：（共20分）
26.Which of the following words matches the sound /l a I f/?
A. laugh
B. leaf
C. life
D. loaf
27.Which of the following underlined parts is different in pronunciation from the others?
A. The gate is too narrow for a car to get through.
B. The facts allow no other explanation.
C. A row of children are standing in front of the chairs.
D. You can borrow money from the bank to buy your new house.
28.Shanghai Disneyland will cover _______________ area of 1.5 square kilometers.
A. a
B. an
C. the
D. /
29.It was reported that a powerful typhoon hit the Philippines _______________ November，2019.
A. in
B. at
C. on
D. of
30.I knocked on the door several times but _______________ answered，so I left.
A. somebody
B. nobody
C. anybody
D. everybody
V. Rewrite the following sentences as required. (根据所给要求，改写下列句子，每空格限填一词)：(14分) 62.The medicine has a good effect on the illness. (一般疑问句)
_______________ the medicine _______________ a good effect on the illness?
63.He will be responsible for the new project. (反意疑问句)
He will be responsible for the new project，_______________ _______________?
64.Jimmy promised to work harder in English than before. (划线提问)
_______________ did Jimmy promise to _______________?
65.The detective discovered some important clues for the case. (被动语态)
Some important clues for the case _______________ _______________ by the detective.
66.There was something wrong with the machine as soon as the engineer left. (保持句意)
The machine _______________ _______________ as soon as the engineer left.
67.Will they have a discussion after class? He wanted to know. (合并一句)
He wanted to know _______________ they _______________ have a discussion after class.
68.for，used to，and，breakfast，have，milk，I，bread (连词成句)
Part 3 Reading and Writing (第三部分读与写)
IX. Reading Comprehension (阅读理解)：(共50分)
A) Choose the best answer (根据文章内容，选择最恰当的答案)：(12分)
How many days of school do you have? Do you
want to have a longer school vacation? Read the two
letters from people in the town of Waterville to their
local newspaper. The chart（图表）on the right shows
the average number of school days in some
countries.
Letter A。