2019-2020学年北京市通州区第二中学高三英语一模试卷及参考答案

2019-2020学年北京市通州区第二中学高三英语一模试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
In the age of social distancing, using robots for some health care interactions is a promising way to reduce in-person contact between health care workers and sick patients. However, a key question is how patients will react to a robot entering the room. Researchers from MIT and Brigham and Women’s Hospital recently set out to answer that question.
In a study, the team found that a large majority of patients reported that interacting with a health care provider through a video screen fixed on a robot was similar to an in-person interaction with a health care worker.
“We’re working on robots that can help provide care to ensure the safety of the patient and the health care workforce. The results of this study give us some confidence that people are ready and willing to join us. In a larger online survey carried out nationwide, we also found that a majority of respondents were open to having robots perform small tasks such as taking a nose swab (拭子).” says Giovanni Traverso, an MIT assistant professor and the senior author of the study.
After the COVID-19 pandemic began early last year, Traverso and his colleagues turned their attention toward new strategies to reduce interactions between potentially sick patients and health care workers. To that end, they created a mobile robot that could interact with patients as they waited in the emergency department. The robots were equipped with sensors that allow them to measure vital signs, including skin temperature, breathing rate, and pulse(脉搏) rate. The robots also carried an iPad for remote video communication with a health care provider.
The study suggests that it could be worthwhile to develop robots that can perform tasks that currently require a lot of human effort, such as turning a patient over in bed. These days, turning COVID-19 patients onto their stomachs requires several people. Doing Covid-19 tests is another task that takes a lot of time and effort from health care workers, who could be arranged for other tasks if robots could help.
1. Why did the researchers from MIT and BWH carry out the studies?
A. To shorten the social distance between doctors and patients.
B. To figure out the response of patients to robotic doctors.
C. To reduce the risk of being infected with coronavirus.
D. To ensure the safety of patients during the pandemic.
2. What could be learned from the study?
A. Robots are not welcomed by patients.
B. Robots will soon replace doctors.
C. Robots may help to deal with Covid-19 patients.
D. Robots can operate on different patients.
3. Which of the following is the best title for the text?
A. StrengthsAnd Weaknesses In Robot Care
B. The Robotic Doctor Will See You Now
C. The Robots Speed Up COVID-19 Testing
D. The Development Of Robots In Hospitals
B
Smart speakers have proven to be handy devices in hospitals, allowing patients to control independently . And now, researchers from theUniversityofWashingtonhave developed an artificial intelligence system that enables these devices to monitor heartbeats.
Using technology to remotely monitor heart rates isn't new. These days most smartwatches and fitness trackers are capable of it. The good thing here is that researchers have figured out a way to use the microphones in smart speakers to do it without requiring physical contact.
In a study published inCommunications Biology, the researchers had the smart speakers send out signals that couldn't be heard which were then reflected off a person's body. They then analyzed these signals to identify small chest wall motions related to heartbeats, as well as separate those signals from surrounding noise and breathing.
For this particular proof — of — concept setup, the researchers tested this smart speaker on 26 healthy participants and 24 hospitalized patients with various heart conditions, including atrial fibrillation（心房颤动）and heart failure. In both cases, the smart speaker was within 28 -30 milliseconds of an ECG（心电图）,the gold standard used in hospitals to discover arrhythmia（心律不齐）.
Like smartwatches with advanced heart features, using smart speakers in this way opens up the possibility for passive, remote heart monitoring. ECGs, while highly accurate, require a visit to the doctor and several electrodes （电极）to be placed on the body. They,re not capable of continuous monitoring so you're limited to what it picks up at that exact moment in time ——one reason why heart arrhythmia can be so hard to discover.
Smartwatches are capable of passive, remote, continuous monitoring, but they require you to wear the device at all times to be effective. It's not something that's comfortable for everyone, especially when it comes to
sleep and for those with highly sensitive skin. Another issue is that these advanced smartwatches are expensive, while smart speakers are much cheaper.
“If you have a device like this, you can monitor a patient on an extended basis and then develop corresponding care plans that satisfy the patient' s needs,“ said Dr. Arun Sridhar, co — senior author on the study. "And the beauty of using this kind of devices is that they are already in people's homes.”
4. What does the author focus on in Paragraph 3?
A. How the smart speaker works.
B. Why the smart speaker is useful.
C. The advantages of smart speakers.
D. The importance of the study.
5. Why is heart arrhythmia difficult to find?
A. ECGs are not highly accurate.
B. ECGs can't monitor continuously.
C. Doctors know little about heart arrhythmia.
D. An ECG test is hard to operate and expensive.
6. Which statement best explains the characteristics of smartwatches?
A. They are comfortable to wear.
B. They are friendly to sensitive skin.
C. They are effective and cheap.
D. They are able to monitor remotely.
7. What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A. We need to invent more smart devices.
B. Care plans are vital to patients with heart failure.
C. Smart speakers could be contactless heart monitors.
D. Different devices are needed to meet patients,demands.
C
Owning a dog is associated with a significantly lower risk of heart disease and death, according to a comprehensive new study published by a team of Swedish researchers on Friday in the journal Scientific Reports.
The scientists followed 3.4 million people over the course of 12 years and found that adults who lived alone and owned a dog were 33 percent less likely to die during the study than adults who lived alone without dogs. In
addition, the single adults with dogs were 36 percent less likely to die from heart disease.
“Dog ownership was especiallyprominentas a protective factor in persons living alone, which is a group reported previously to be at higher risk of heart disease and death than those living in a multi-person household,” Mwenya Mubanga, a Ph.D. student at Uppsala University in Uppsala, Sweden, and the lead junior author of the study, said in a statement announcing its findings. The link between dog ownership and lower mortality(死亡率)was less pronounced in adults who lived either with family members or partners, but still present, according to the study. “Perhaps a dog may stand in as an important family member in the single households,” Mubanga added. “Another interesting findingwas that owners of dogs which were intended originally for hunting were most protected.”
The study, which is the largest to date on the health relations of owning a dog, suggested that some of the reasons dog owners may have a lower risk of mortality and heart disease were because dog owners walk more. “These kind of epidemiological (流行病学的)studies look for associations in large populations but do not provide answers on whether and how dogs could protect their owners from heart disease,” Tove Fall, a senior author of the study and a professor at Uppsala University, said in a statement
“We know that dog owners in general have a higher level of physical activity, which could be one explanation to the observed results,” Fall added. “Other explanations include an increased well-being and social contacts or effects of the dog on the bacterial microbiome(微生物菌群) in the owner.” Fall added that because all participants of dog owners in Sweden or other “European populations with similar culture regarding dog ownership.”
8. Why did the researchers do the study related to 3.4 million people’s health and the dogs?
A. To help Europeans,
B. To find their association.
C. To protect unhealthy adults.
D. To reduce risk of heart disease.
9. What does the underlined word “prominent” probably mean in Para.3?
A. Universal.
B. Confusing.
C. Appealing.
D. Important
10. What’s the main idea of the text?
A. Adults living with dogs are less likely to die.
B. Swedish people are very fond of animal pets.
C. Keeping a dog is a popular and healthy hobby.
D. Owning dogs reduces the risk of heart disease.
11. What’s the writer’s attitude towards owning a dog?
A. Positive.
B. Negative.
C. Objective.
D. Contradictory.
D
A study has found that a lifetime of regular exercise and activity can slow down the aging process (衰老过程). Researchers say that getting older should not necessarily mean becoming more weak or sick. Their research shows that a devotion to a life of movement and exercise may help us live not only longer, but also healthier.
For their study, the researchers looked at two groups. The first group was made up of 125 non-professional cyclists between the ages of 55 to 79. This group included 84 healthy men and 41 healthy women. We will call this group the “cyclists”.
Researchers then found 130 people to make up a second group. Within this group, 75 people were aged from 57 to 80. The other 55 were between the ages of 20 and 36. The people in this group were also healthy, but they did not exercise regularly. We will call this group the “non-exercisers”. Smokers, heavy drinkers of alcohol and people with other health issues were not included in the study.
Then, researchers gave both groups a series of tests. They tested their muscle mass (肌肉质量), muscular strength, percentage of body fat and the strength of their immune (免疫的) systems. Then the researchers compared the results of the two groups.
Results showed that the cyclists did not experience body changes usually regarded as a normal aging process. For example, they did not lose muscle mass or muscular strength. Also, their body fat did not increase with age.
The researchers also found something they had not expected. The study showed that the immune systems of the cyclists did not age either.
The researchers advise us all to find an exercise that we like in our lives.
12. How did the researchers carry out the study?
A. By comparing.
B. By discussing.
C. By imagining.
D. By reasoning.
13. Which of the following is a result of the research?
A. The cyclists kept a thin body shape.
B. The non-exercisers gained weight easily.
C. The cyclists’ muscles remained strong with age.
D. The non-exercisers usually had health problems.
14. Which is an unexpected result for the researchers?
A. The cyclists had normal aging process.
B. The cyclists’ immune systems didn’t age.
C. The cyclists lost nearly all their fat.
D. Everyone needed an exercise in their lives.
15. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. Healthy People Need More Exercise
B. Take an Exercise, the Harder, the Better
C. Cycling Is the Best Way to Prevent Aging
D. A Lifetime of Exercise Slows Aging Process
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项You're readingThe Week Juniormagazine right now, which means you enjoy finding out about news and interesting stories.____16____Because it's full of things that affect you and your classmates.
If your school doesn't have a newspaper or magazine, speak to a teacher and tell them why it would be a good idea.____17____It can also bring pupils，teachers, parents and carers together. For the people who make the newspaper, it teaches them about writing, being creative, teamwork, computer skills, listening to each other and being responsible.
A good way to start is with a meeting for the people whowant to help. Talk about which school stories you would like to appear in the newspaper, who would be the best person to write them and which photographs and images you can use.____18____
One person-or maybe two or three——might want to be the editor. The editor's job is to decide things like a headline to go with each story and what goes on the front page.
Making the newspaper on a computer doesn't have to be complicated.____19____You can make changes as the stories and pictures come together, and don't be afraid to move things around to make the pages look better.
____20____If printing the pages is difficult or expensive, the publication could be sent out in a digital format through the school's email system or displayed as a blog on the school website.
A. Don't forget to decide on a name for the newspaper too!
B. Try one issue a term so that you will learn more next term.
C. It allows students to discuss events that have happened or are happening.
D. Making a school newspaper is a fun way to create your own publication.
E. You can use simple systems like Microsoft Word, Publisher or Powerpoint.
F. Keep things simple at the beginning, with maybe four pages for the first issue.
G. A visit to the office of a local newspaper would be a great experience for your team.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项
完形填空(共20小题；每小题21.5分，满分30分)
For many, public speaking is a huge headache. As someone who is very shy, I never thought I could perfectly___21___a speech until I decided to___22___an English speaking competition.
One day when I entered the classroom, my eyes were immediately drawn to a sign___23___that an English speaking competition would be hold next month.
Giving a speech in front of a large audience would be a huge challenge for me.____24____, I really didn’t want to miss this opportunity to help___25___my confidence and cultivate (培养) my ___26___speaking skills.
I was torn between my desire of participating and my___27___of speaking in public. In the end, I___28___myself to sign up and to take on the challenge. I didn’t want to be shy any more.
I carefully chose a suitable topicand constantly polished my speech to___29___it. I also practiced my pronunciation and every gesture in front of the mirror over and over again.____30____, the big day arrived. I heard he hot say, "Let's welcome contestant number 9." I stepped onto the stage and saw that the hall was completely____31____with people. A burst of fear took over me. I could feel my heart pounding and my palms(手掌) began to____32____and got wet. My legs trembled and I felt as cold as ice. To make matters worse, my mind went____33____and I couldn't remember what I was going to say.
I was at the point of giving up when I suddenly____34____my English teacher in thecrowd, who was standing in the corner and smiling at me. Seeing her warm smile, I felt that a sense of____35____immediately replaced the mounting fear and anxiety in my mind. My only thought was that I needed to calm down and enjoy this cheerful moment on stage.
I took a deep breath, calmed down and started my speech. I focused all of my attention on every word so I wouldn't make any mistakes. I gradually became____36____in my speech and my nervousness transformed into confidence and excitement.
It turned out that my speech was nothing but success. I____37____from the other competitors. I took
my____38____at the podium(领奖台) to receive a shining medal for my speech.
From what I have experienced, I know nothing is____39____. We will face many difficulties in life. These difficulties are like climbing a mountain. It might be difficult at first, but overcoming the difficult will take you to new____40____. The view is definitely worth it.
22. A. deliver B. prepare C. arrange D. write
23. A. host B. participate in C. organize D. check out
24. A. announcing B. promising C. claiming D. saying
25. A. Therefore B. So C. However D. Instead
26. A. rely on B. express C. restore D. build up
27. A. public B. personal C. favorite D. usual
28. A. motivation B. surprise C. disappointment D. fear
29. A. appealed B. devoted C. persuaded D. advised
30. A. perfect B. remember C. record D. shorten
31. A. Instantly B. Eventually C. Unexpectedly D. Constantly
32. A. concerned B. packed C. disabled D. covered
33. A. seize B. numb C. sweat D. ache
34. A. wrong B. mad C. blank D. dead
35. A. met B. missed C. recalled D. spotted
36. A. strength B. loss C. duty D. direction
37. A. interested B. absorbed C. panicked D. stuck
38. A. benefited B. broke away C. stood out D. differed
39. A. prize B. place C. offer D. address
40. A. important B. practical C. realistic D. impossible
41. A. heights B. paths C. challenges D. cases
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Acupuncture, a component of traditional Chinese medicine, appeared in China more than 2,000 years ago and is one of the____41.____(treasure) of Chinese medicine. It functions by improving the smooth flow of life force energy,____42.____(know) in Chinese as qi. The channels, through____43.____qi flows from the body’s primary organs to body tissues of the skin, muscles and bones, are called meridians (经络), where most
acupuncture needle points____44.____(locate). In other words, the needles work by repairing damage to the basic structure of our bodies____45.____(ensure) that the life force energy of qi can flow smoothly.____46.____acupuncture is not enough to cure all illnesses, at least it creates a good starting point to build a healthy body.
Acupuncture can serve as____47.____effective introduction to TCM therapies in other countries. It is now____48.____(wide) practiced throughout the world, having reached 103 countries besides China. So far, eighteen countries have covered acupuncture under their health insurance plans, indicating wide____49.____(recognize) of its effectiveness. This_____50._____(grow) worldwide acceptance has proved the strength of acupuncture, and this wisdom of the Chinese tradition is expected to bring health and happiness to more friends here and after in the future.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

You may never know just a small thing you do to others means a lot of. Your giving a hand possible will be a lighted torch, brightening the road in the dark. A warm word of you will be ray of sunshine, melting a cold but helpless heart. In addition, offering help is a virtue. If you offer to help others, you’ll eventually be rewarding. Helping others is always a good tradition of our nation, who has been rooted in our hearts. I think what we needed is to rebuild a warm relationship between each others. Besides, by helping others, you can have a feeling of satisfaction and proud, a sense of achievement and the realization of your own value. As an old say goes, “Roses given, fragrance in hand.”
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.假定你是李华，你校上周六在南山社区进行了义务劳动．就此请你用英语写一篇短文，内容包括：
1．时间和地点；
2．劳动过程；
3．你的感悟．
注意：
1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答．
The Unforgettable Voluntary Labour
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1. B
2. C
3. B
4. A
5. B
6. D
7. C
8. B 9. D 10. D 11. C
12. A 13. C 14. B 15. D
16. D 17. C 18. A 19. E 20. F
21. A 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. D 26. A 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. B 31. B 32.
C 33. C 34.
D 35. A 36. B 37. C 38. B 39. D 40. A
41. treasures
42. known 43. which
44. are located
45. to ensure
46. Although##Though##While
47. an 48. widely
49. recognition
50. growing
51.(1).删除lot后的of
(2).possible → possibly
(3).be后加a
(4).but → and
(5).rewarding → rewarded
(6).who → which
(7).needed → need
(8).others → other
(9).proud → pride
(10).say → saying
52.略。