线练学校高三英语一轮复习 Unit 3 Inventors and in

始驾州参艰市线练学校 Unit 3 Inventors and
inventions
一、单词——在语境中默写，在联想中积累
→practice n．实践；练习→impractical adj.不明智(现实)的
12.expectation n．预料；期待(望)→expect v．预料；期待；期望；认为
13.innocent adj.清白的；天真的；无罪的→innocence n．天真；清白
14.recognition n．认出；认可；承认→recognize vt.认出；识别；承认
15.freezing adj.冰冻的；严寒的→freeze v．冰冻→frozen adj.冻结的
16.occasionally adv.偶然地；不时地→occasional adj.偶然的→occasion n．时机；机会；场合8.The merciless king showed no mercy and killed all the prisoners. (merciful)
⇩积得多平时多积累，考场出华章
1.后缀­ive形容词集
①active 主动的
②passive 被动的
③positive 积极的
④negative 消极的
⑤subjective 主观的
⑥expensive 昂贵的
2.表示“抓住”的相关词语一览
①seize vt.抓住；捉住
②catch vt.抓住；接住
③grasp vt.抓住；掌握
④catch hold of 抓住
⑤get hold of 抓住
3.含fore­前缀的单词面面观
①forehead n．额头
②forearm n. 前臂
③forecast vt.预报
④foresee vt.预见
⑤foreword n. 前言
⑥foretell v.预言；预示
二、短语——在用中记牢，在归纳中记多
写得准用得活(选用左栏短语填空)
1.call_up 给……打电话；使想起
2.now_and_then_ 偶尔；有时
3.set_about_ 开始；着手
4.dive_into 一心投入
5.set_out_(to_do) 开始(做)
6.hang_on 不挂断；稍；紧紧握住
7.out_of_order 次序颠倒；发生故障
8.get_through 打通电话；通过；度过
9.ring_back 回复电话
10.ring_off 挂断电话1.The engines of the ship were out_of_order_and the bad weather added to the helplessness of the crew at sea.
2.Sorry to hear that you've failed the exam. If only you had set_about_the revision earlier.
3.Many memories of old times were called_up by the conversation we had together that evening.
4.It's the love and responsibility that have driven him to get_through many
hardships and survive.
⇩积得多平时多积累，考场出华章
1.“有时”词汇全接触
①now and then偶尔；有时
②now and again 不时；时而
③from time to time 不时
2.“v.＋into”结构的短语
①dive into一心投入
②burst into突然闯入
③run into 撞上
inventors are all distinguished for their scientific achievements， such as Alexander Graham Bell and Thomas Edison. As we know， inventors often associate their new ideas with their new inventions. Cheer up， and you can also invent your new things.
Reading good books can not only enrich our minds but also teach us to distinguish between right and wrong.
阅读好书既能丰富我们的知识又能教我们分辨是非。

②It's important to distinguish reality from dreams.(2015·高考)
重要的是要把现实与梦想区别开来。

③As far as we all know, Lang Ping has already distinguished herself_as a great volleyball coach in the world.
众所周知，郎平作为优秀的排球教练在上已享有盛名。

We naturally associate the name of Darwin with the theory of evolution.
我们自然会把达尔文的名字与进化论联系起来。

②There are many serious health problems which are associated (associate) with smoking.
有很多严重的健康问题都与吸烟有关。

③We are working in association (associate) with a local company to raise money for the homeless.
我们与一家当地公司为无家可归的人筹钱。

(2)祈使句＋or/or else/otherwise＋陈述句＝If ...
not ...，＋主句
(3)名词词组＋and＋陈述句
①Follow your doctor's advice, and_you_will_get_better_soon.
接受医生的建议，你很快就会好的。

②Hurry up, or/or_else/otherwise_you_will_be_late.
快点，否则你会迟到的。

③It is really very dangerous. One more step, and_the_baby_will_fall_into_the_well.真危险。

再多迈一步，这个小孩就会掉进井里。

[指津] 上述方框中各结构后面的陈述句多用“一般将来时态”。

Xiao Ling's father can't bear the
inconvenience that he often forgets
where his door keys are. And this
calls him up that he must invent a
kind of key that is never lost. In
this case， he finally invents an
intelligent key that can make sounds
when it is left behind by his owner.
More importantly， it can also be
located by your phone. If you are
interested in his invention， you can
get him through by his e­mail：
Iloveinvention@.
4．bear vt.(bore, borne)忍受；忍耐；负担；承担；记住；生育；结果实
①Why do I have to bear all the costs of repair？负担；承担
②He can't bear being laughed at in public.忍受
③She did bear a healthy baby in hospital yesterday.生育
④Some of the newly­planted apple trees have also begun to bear.结果实
(1)can't bear doing/to do sth. 能忍受做某事
can't bear sb./sb.'s doing sth. 能忍受某人做某事
(2)bear/keep sth. in mind 住某事
casting (cast) away their youth.
我无法忍受年轻人虚掷青春。

⑥Please bear_in_mind:_Success comes from hard work while laziness leads to failure.
请牢记：源于勤奋，懒惰导致失败。

called_up his happy memories of his childhood.
海鸥的叫声唤起他对童年的幸福的记忆。

②Their travel plan was called_off because of the bad weather.
因为天气不好，他们的旅行计划取消了。

③Success in school calls for much hard work.
在的需要付出大量的辛勤工作。

[联想发散] 与“打电话”有关的短语还有：
①ring up……打电话
②ring/call back 复电话
③ring off 断电话
④give sb. a ring/call 某人打电话
⑤ha ng/hold on 挂断电话
6．get through设法联系上(尤指打通电话)；(设法)做完；通过；度过；用完；耗尽
[一词多义] 写出下列get through的含义
①I managed to get through the game and the pain was worth it in the end.设法做完
②I couldn't get through to him because his telephone was out of order now and then.打通电话
③Luckily, the gap in the fence was just wide enough for the sheep to get through.通过
④The little boy got through all his money in just one week and had to ask his mom for some
more.用完
⑤He felt very ashamed to get_away_with a fine for such a serious mistake.
逃脱了这么严重错误的惩罚，他感到非常羞愧。

Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．What was it that distinguished her from her classmates?
2．We must always bear in mind that China is a big country with a huge population.
3．The exhibition was organized by the school in association (associate) with local artists.
4．When you come to school, please visit my office at your convenience_(convenient)．5．The service offers young people practical_(practice) advice on finding a job.
6．Whether or not the secretary will be fired is at the mercy (merciful) of her boss.
7．I believe that you are innocent (innocence), and I'll stand up for you anywhere.
8．We all have an_expectation (expect) that he can pass the driving test next week.
9．I have filled in the form and filed (file) my patent application with the Patent Office.
10．In my opinion, only by facing difficulties bravely and seizing (seize) opportunities can one succeed.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．Distinguishing for its diligence and courage, the Chinese Nation has attracted the attention from the world.Distinguishing→Distinguished
2．Sometimes teachers will inform students of the heavy burden the students have to bear with.去掉with
3．The teacher's abruptly ending speaking can make some students focus their attention on their listening.abruptly→abrupt
4．The new government must set out finding solutions to the country's economic problems.out→about
5．It is so cold and frozen that we have to stay at home.frozen→freezing
6．We could hear a woman was singing merry in the next room.merry→merrily
Ⅲ.选词填空
Before I gave my name he rang_off,_which made me very angry.
2．Having made up his mind, he set_about_carrying out the plan.
3．Someone_called_up_from downtown and asked to see you at five.
4．If you hang_on_for a while, I will go and see if I can find your mother.
5．The thief dived his hand into my handbag and robbed the wallet and ran away.
6．I checked the files and some of the papers were out_of_order. You had better sort them out.
7．The girl goes to visit her English teacher now_and_then who retired from school last year.
8．We were very glad when we heard that you had got_through your exam.
Ⅳ.根据提示词或结构补全句子
1．早上丢失了一小时，你就得在一天剩下的时间里努力寻找这一小时。

(祈使句＋and＋陈述句) Lose one hour in the morning, _and_you_will_be_looking_for_it the rest of the day.
2．只有这样做，我们才能让更美好。

(倒装)
Only_by_doing_so_can_we help to make the world a better place.
3．这个超级明星那么平易近人以至于她与粉丝相处得很好。

(so ... that ...)
This superstar is so_easy­going_that_she_can_get_along_well_with her fans.
4．我们必须牢记是共产领导我们走向的。

(keep in mind)
We must keep_in_mind_that_it is the Communist Party that leads us to victory.
5．似乎没什么可以做的了，只有派人去请医生。

(there seem to do ...)
There_seemed_to_be_nothing_left to do but send for the doctor.
[课下练熟高考]
练(一) 英语知识运用·组块专练——练准度
(限时：30分钟)
Ⅰ.完形填空
(2017·高三统一质检)“Mum, you're always on the computer！” Laure complained.
“No, I'm not，” I __1__.
“Every day I come home from school you're working on the computer.”
“Well, at least I'm here __2__ you！”
My daughter was right. Day after day, in my home office, I would stare into space as my __3__ typed out the thoughts of a speaker or research completed for an article. It seemed that my work as a writer and speaker __4__ my fingers to the keyboard and my mind to valuable ideas. What Laure did not __5__ was that during her day away, I'd also be doing a lot of housework. It was only around three in the afternoon that I'd __6__ seat myself at my desk for a few __7__ moments of deep thought. Then she'd come from school.
I was __8__ of myself on being available to my children. After all, I am a speaker on child behavior and parenting. But Laure's observation __9__ my heart. In her eyes, I must have been a mom who was __10__ but unapproachable. I wouldn't make such an image (形象) before her. My relationship with my children is more __11__ than any other work.
“Laure，” I called, “come here a minute.”
She wandered to my doorway. I had decided to have her __12__ me when I was too devoted to work. I wanted her to have the __13__ to let me know when she thought I was cold.
After I explained my __14__ and the fact that I chose home office to be accessible to her and her sister, I offered Laure the following __15__.
“Whenever you feel I'm ignoring you or you need my __16__， I want you to __17__ me，” I said. “Just come up and give me a little hug. That'll be our signal that you __18__ me.”
Years later we still have that __19__ sign. I've become much more sensitive to my daughters' comings and goings. __20__ she always gives me a little hug to remind me of the real reason why I work at home.
C．defended D．agreed
解析：选C 根据语境“No, I'm not ...”可推知，作者并不承认女儿的说法，作者在为自己的行为进行辩解，defend“辩解，辩白”，故C项正确。

2．A.for B．over
C．against D．after
解析：选A 根据下文中的“__14__ and the fact that I chose home office to be accessible to her and her sister ...”可知，作者选择在家工作是为了孩子们，故A项正确。

3．A.feet B．hands
C．eyes D．ears
解析：选B 与“typed out”和下文中的“my fingers”呼可知，是用手把想法转换成文字打出来，故B项正确。

4．A.connected B．turned
C．gave D．added
解析：选 A 看起来作为作家和演说家的作者就是要把自己的手指和键盘连接起来，把自己的思想和有价值的观点连接起来。

connect ... to ...“把……和……连接起来”，符合语境，故A项正确。

5．A.admit B．realize
C．believe D．recognize
解析：选B Laure没有意识到的是在她白天不在家的时候，作者也做了许多家务活。

admit“承认”；realize“意识到”；believe“相信”；recognize“认出，认可”。

6．A.luckily B．gradually
C．instantly D．finally
解析：选D 根据上文中的“... I'd also be doing a lot of housework.”可知，作者一天在家里也会忙着做许多家务，因此在下午3点左右的时候才终于有空来工作，故D项正确。

luckily“幸运地”；gradually“逐渐地”；instantly“立刻，马上”；finally“最终”。

7．A.anxious B．precious
C．busy D．rare
解析：选B 根据上文可知，作者要忙着做很多家务，因此用来工作的时间就弥足珍贵了，故B项正确。

anxious“焦虑的”；precious“珍贵的”；busy“忙碌的”；rare“稀少的”。

8．A.proud B．ashamed
C．afraid D．scared
解析：选A 作者为能够和孩子们在一起感到骄傲。

proud“骄傲的，自豪的”；ashamed“惭愧的”；afraid“害怕的”；scared“害怕的”。

9．A.filled B．broke
C．touched D．mended
解析：选C 根据下文作者的反思可知，Laure的观察触动了作者的心，故C项正确。

fill“充满”；
break“(使)破”；touch“触动，感动”；mend“修理”。

10．A.suitable B．available
C．acceptable D．reasonable
解析：选B 在Laure的眼里，作者肯是一个能找得到但是难以接近的妈妈。

上文“__8__ of myself on being available to my children”也是提示，故B项正确。

11．A.important B．funny
C．obvious D．wonderful
解析：选A 作者认为与孩子们的关系比任何其他的工作都重要。

故A项正确。

12．A.warn B．persuade
C．encourage D．remind
解析：选D 作者决让Laure在作者太专注于工作时提醒作者。

下文“__20__ she always gives me a little hug to remind me of the real reason why I work at home.”也是线索，故D项正确。

13．A.patience B．time
C．power D．honor
解析：选C 由作者想让孩子提醒自己可知，她想赋予孩子这样的权力去让自己知道自己忽略她们了，故C项正确。

have the power to do sth.“有权力做某事”。

14．A.pattern B．dream
C．schedule D．choice
解析：选C 根据上一段“I had decided ...”可推知，作者已经下决心做一些改变，这属于计划的内容，故C项正确。

pattern“，图案”；dream“梦想”；schedule“工作计划”；choice“选择”。

15．A.promise B．chance
C．answer D．truth
解析：选A 根据对下文的理解可知，作者是在给孩子做出承诺，故A项正确。

16．A.help B．attention
C．decision D．advice
解析：选 B 作者说：“无论什么时候你感觉我忽略了你或者你需要我的关注时，我想让你来拥抱我一下。

”与上文“I'm ignoring you”形成呼，孩子需要作者的关注，故B项正确。

17．A.hug B．shake
C．kiss D．kick
解析：选A 与下文“Just come up and give me a little hug.”呼，故A项正确。

18．A.miss B．hate
C．need D．scold
解析：选C 根据上文“... or you need my __16__ ...”的提示可知，孩子的拥抱提醒作者孩子们需要她，故C项正确。

19．A.unknown B．unexpected
C．unfinished D．unspoken
解析：选D 多年以后我们仍然沿用这种心照不宣的信号。

unspoken“心照不宣的”，故D项正确。

20．A.And B．But
C．Or D．Yet
解析：选 A 而且她总是给作者一个小小的拥抱来提醒她在家工作的真正原因。

根据上下文可知，此处表示逻辑上的顺承关系，故A项正确。

Ⅱ.语法填空
(2017·第一次模拟)I was in the ninth year when I began to suffer depression. My parents noticed but felt that since I'd always been __1__ good child, this was temporary.
__2__ (fortunate), it was not to be so. I didn't have friends. Hardly could I share my problems. Deep worry began to destroy my __3__ (confident). Finally I refused to attend classes, __4__ (shut) myself in my room for hours.
The examination was approaching, but I simply didn't care. My parents and teachers were surprised at my bad performance. One morning, __5__ a particularly severe lecture from my father, I stood at the school gate, __6__ (depress). Then as the other students marched to their classrooms, our headmaster called me. The next forty­five minutes was one __7__ the most precious moments in my life. She said she __8__ (notice) a big change in me and wondered why. At first she took my hands in __9__ (she) and listened patiently as I mentioned my worries. Then she hugged me as I wept. Months of frustration and loneliness disappeared in her motherly hug.
No one had tried to understand what the real problem was except the headmaster, __10__ helped me out simply by listening and hugging.
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________
5．________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________
9．________ 10.________
语篇解读：本文讲述了作者小时候患抑郁症后得到了校长的关爱而走出阴影的故事。

1．a child是可数名词，且第一次在文章中出现，故用不冠词修饰，表示“一个”好孩子。

2．Unfortunately 不幸的是，情况并非如此。

根据逗号的提示可知，此处用所给词的副词形式，修饰整个句子，作状语。

再根据句意可知，用Unfortunately。

3．confidence my是形容词性物主代词，修饰名词，作语，故用confidence。

4．shutting shut和句子主语I构成逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词作状语。

5．after 根据语境可知，此处用连词after，表示“在……之后”。

6．depressed 由句子的主语I和该空前的逗号可知，用形容词depressed在句子中作状语。

7．of 此处表示“最珍贵的时刻之一”，故用of。

8．had noticed notice的动作发生在said之前，表示过去的过去，故用过去完成时。

9．hers 介词后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语，且由空格前的“my hands”可知，此处用名词性物主代词hers, 表示她的手。

10．who who引导非限制性语从句，在从作主语，修饰先行词the headmaster。

练(二) 第Ⅱ卷强化增分·组块专练——练规范
(限时：45分钟)
Ⅰ.语法填空
(2017·质量检测)Many people travel during the holiday season but do not make sure that their houses and homes __1__ (protect). Crime goes up __2__ (rapid) during the winter and summer holiday seasons. Here are some things that you should keep in mind when you go on a holiday.
Always give __3__ (strange) the feeling that you are at home. Have the snow __4__ (clean) off your stairs or out of your driveway during the winter season. You might ask someone to park __5__ car in your driveway.
Tell your newspaper deliverer that you are not at home. __6__ (have) a pile of newspapers and other mail on your doorsteps tells people that you are not at home, so you could also have a neighbor __7__ a relative get your mail every day.
Fix a timer in some of your rooms __8__ turns lights on and __9__ during different time of the day. Some TVs also come with a timer that you could set to be turned on during certain time. Have motion (运动) sensitive lights outside your house that __10__ (keep) thieves away when you are not at home.
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________
5．________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________
9．________ 10.________
语篇解读：本文介绍了外出度假时防贼入室的几种方法。

1．are protected 根据空格前的“travel”和“do not”可知，此处使用一般现在时；因从句谓语动词protect与主语“their houses and homes”构成动宾关系，所以使用被动语态。

2．rapidly 此处为副词作状语，修饰动词短语“goes up”。

3．strangers 此处为give后的直接宾语，因此用名词，又因此处为泛指意义，故用复数名词，所以填strangers。

4．cleaned 此处为have的复合结构，因为clean与the snow构成动宾关系，所以用过去分词作宾补。

5．his/her 因指代前文中的someone，并在此处作car的语，所以填入形容词性物主代词his或her。

6．Having 此处是用动名词短语“Having a pile of newspapers and other mail on your doorsteps”作主语。

7．or 此处表示选择关系，因此填并列连词or。

8．that/which 此处为语从句，修饰先行词a timer，因关系词替代先行词在从作主语，所以可填that 或which。

9．off 根据语境及空前的“on and”可知，此处用off，表示关灯。

10．keep 语从句的先行词为sensitive lights，且语从谓语动词的数和先行词一致，用keep。

Ⅱ.短文改错
I am English student studying in China. Yesterday, I go to your cinema to see a film. The film was very good, and I did not enjoy it because there were some problems in the cinema. First, the film was delayed as there was so many advertisements at the beginning. It was rather annoyed. Second, the sound of the film was such loud that I could hardly bear it. The EXIT signs could not be seen clearly, that presented potential safety problems. If something terrible should happen, it would be difficult for people to get out quick. As a visitor to your city, I'm disappointed with my experience in you cinema. I am writing the letter in the hope that you can consider these problems and to make some improvements.
答案：第一句：English前加an
第二句：go→went
第三句：and→but
第四句：第二个was→were
第五句：annoyed→annoying
第六句：such→so
第七句：that→whic h
第八句：quick→quickly
第九句：you→your
第十句：去掉and后面的to
Ⅲ.书面表达
假如你是某中学的学生Tom。

前不久，你参加了英语演讲比赛并获得一奖。

请用英语给校刊写一篇文章，谈谈你的体会。

内容主要包括：
1．付出才有回报；
2．收获自信和；
3．感激之情。

注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．开头语已经写好，不计入总词数。

Looking back to the National English Speaking Competition I took part in several days ago, I have a lot to share with you.
参考范文：
Looking back to the National English Speaking Competition I took part in several days ago, I have a lot to share with you.
Firstly, I feel really delighted that I've won the first prize in the competition, which makes me understand the true meaning of the proverb “No pains, no gains.” Besides, I've established the friendship with students from all over our country, from whom I've learned a lot. More importantly, taking this competition has enabled me to overcome my fear of speaking in public, thus developing my self­confidence.
Additionally, I owe many thanks to my teacher and judges, without whose help, I couldn't have done such an excellent job. To sum up, I will always treasure this meaningful and memorable experience.。